JPH0438397Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] This invention relates to an electronic keyboard instrument capable of performing automatic performance based on scale information, note length information, etc. stored in advance by manual operation.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, as a method for storing desired music,
There is a method of writing scale information and note length information into memory by manually operating the keyboard according to the musical score. In this case, scale information, note length information, and rest length information are also written to memory, but it requires considerable skill to input note length information and rest length information accurately according to the score and store it in memory. In short, it was extremely difficult for beginners. Therefore,
As a means to solve the above problem, keys for inputting note length and rest length are provided separately from the keyboard, and each time each scale information is stored in memory by keyboard operation, the above keys are operated one by one. It has been considered that note length information and rest length information are stored in memory sequentially in correspondence with scale information.

[Problems with conventional technology]

However, in the above-mentioned configuration, keys for inputting note length and rest length are provided separately from the keyboard, resulting in an increase in the size of the entire keyboard, a complicated appearance, and a large number of keys. However, the disadvantage was that the cost was high. Furthermore, inputting scale information, tone length information, etc. using separate input means complicates key operations, which poses a problem in terms of operability.

[Purpose of invention]

This invention was developed against the background of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose was to reduce the number of keys as much as possible to reduce costs and downsize the keyboard, as well as to eliminate the complication in appearance. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic keyboard instrument with a note length input function that improves key operability.

[Key points of the idea]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, this invention
The gist of this system is that the tone length information or rest length information corresponding to each key can be stored in the memory by keyboard operation.

〔Example〕

This invention will be specifically explained below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the main structure of a keyboard, which includes a keyboard 1, a mode changeover switch 2, and various function keys that are included in ordinary electronic keyboard instruments. The keyboard 1 has 3 octaves of keys, and near the bottom of the keys, corresponding to the white key 1a, from the left end are whole notes, whole notes, half notes...32nd notes, dotted half notes...16 dots. Dialogue mark...A symbol representing a tie, and near the top thereof, corresponding to black key 1b, there are symbols representing whole rests, 32nd rests, dotted half rests, dotted 16th rests, etc. from the left end. is formed by means such as printing. Thus, in a specific mode to be described later, the keyboard 1 is capable of inputting note length information corresponding to the above-mentioned note display using the white key 1a, and rest length information corresponding to the above-mentioned rest display using the black key 1b. . In addition, the mode changeover switch 2 is composed of a slide switch, and has "PLAY", "REC",
It can be switched to each mode of "LENGTH REC". In this case, "PLEY" is a mode for manual performance, "REC" is a mode for recording scale information etc. of songs played by keyboard operations in memory,
"LENGTH REC" is a mode in which note length information or rest length information corresponding to the scale recorded in REC mode is recorded in memory.

Next, the circuit configuration will be explained with reference to FIG. Reference numeral 11 in the figure is an input section equipped with a keyboard 1, a mode changeover switch 2, etc., which outputs key input signals corresponding to operation keys and mode changeover switch 2.
The mode designation signal output corresponding to each switching position is under the control of the CPU (central processing circuit) 12.
Loaded into CPU 12.

The CPU 12 controls all operations of this electronic keyboard instrument according to a microprogram preset in the main ROM 3. The address of the main ROM 13 is converted according to the output of the address control unit 14, and the microinstruction is sent to the main ROM 13.
Supply to CPU12. The address control unit 14 is
Address data is output in accordance with the outputs of the CPU 12 and the main ROM 13, and the next address of the main ROM 13 is designated. Therefore, CPU12
specifies the musical tone information ROM 15 as an address and stores the musical scale frequency data corresponding to the pressed key as musical tone information.
The data is read from the ROM 15 and applied to the musical sound waveform generator 16. In addition, the scale information input when mode switch 2 is in REC mode, and the LENGTH
The note length information or rest length information input during the REC mode is written to the RAM (random access memory) 18 via the storage section 17. In this case, the RAM 18 is addressed according to 1-digit column address data A ₀ and 2-digit row address data A ₁ , A ₂ output from the CPU 12, and data write and read operations are performed under the control of the CPU 12. executed. Therefore, RAM
The data read from 18 is supplied to CPU 12 via storage section 17 .

The calculation unit 19 executes various calculations according to the outputs of the CPU 12 and the storage unit 17, and the resulting data is provided to the CPU 12 via the storage unit 17.
The storage unit 17 has various registers such as a time counter, an envelope counter, and a scale buffer, as well as a tie flag register TF. Therefore, the storage section 17 stores musical tone information.
Outputs control signals to ROM15 and outputs musical tone information
At the same time as reading the output data of the ROM 15, envelope data and the like are given to the musical sound waveform generating section 16.

The musical sound waveform generating section 16 generates and outputs musical sound waveform signals according to the outputs of the CPU 12 and the storage section 17,
The signal is sent to a speaker 22 via a filter 20 and an amplifier 21 in this order.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained according to the flowchart of FIG. When the power is turned on, the operation according to the flow shown in FIG. 3 is executed. First, key sampling processing (step S ₁ ) is executed to check whether or not the keyboard 1, mode changeover switch 2, function key, etc. have been operated. If there is no key operation, frequency set (step S ₂ ) and envelope control (step S ₃ ) are executed in order to continue the generated musical tone, and then the process returns to step S ₁ and enters the key sampling state. On the other hand, if there is a key operation, the process proceeds to step _S4 , where it is determined whether the operated key is keyboard 1, mode changeover switch 2, or another function key, and key classification processing is executed in accordance with the result. Here, if it is the mode changeover switch 2, the mode setting state according to the switching position is determined (step _S5 ), and if it is another function key, the function processing corresponding to the operation key is performed (step _S6) . ) are executed and the process returns to step _S1 . If the keyboard 1 is operated, the process proceeds to step _S7 , where the setting state of mode switching step 2 is determined. Here, in the PLAY mode and the REC mode, the process proceeds to step _S8 , and a scale frequency corresponding to the operating key is generated. As a result, the musical scale frequency is given to the musical sound waveform generator 16 and added to the envelope data, and the output of the musical sound waveform generator 16 is sent to the speaker 22 via the filter 20 and amplifier 21, and the musical scale frequency is added to the envelope data. A musical tone is generated. Then, in the next step _S9 , PLAY
mode or REC mode is determined.
In PLAY mode, proceed to step S ₂ and
In the REC mode, scale information corresponding to the operating key and note length information or rest length information corresponding to the key depression time are sequentially written into the RAM 18 (step _S10 ).

Here, in the REC mode, when a melody is manually played by keyboard operation according to the musical score shown in FIG. 4a, the contents stored in the RAM 18 become as shown in FIG. 4b. In addition, in this example,
The RAM 18 has a 4-bit x F (hexadecimal) digit configuration in each row, and scale information, tone length information, and rest length information are each stored in 2 digits (8 bits). When the melody performance shown in FIG. Written digit by digit. Here, an ON code for starting an attack is set in the 8th bit of the first scale information storage area of each musical tone, and a release signal is set in the 8th bit of the second scale information storage area. The OFF code to start is set. The meaning of the tone length information and rest length information of each musical tone is as shown in FIG. 4c. In other words, the key-pressing time from when the key for the first musical tone "C" is pressed until the key is released becomes the note length information for "C", and also when the key for the next musical tone "D" is pressed after the key is released. The time until "C" becomes the rest length information for "Do". The same applies to the second musical tone "re".

When scale information and the like are written into the RAM 18 by playing the melody using such keyboard operations, the process proceeds from step _S10 to step _S2 in the flow shown in FIG. Therefore, in the REC mode, the above-mentioned operations are repeated every time a keyboard is operated, and as a result, a musical tone corresponding to the operated key is generated by the melody performance shown in Figure 4a, and scale information of that musical tone is generated. etc. are sequentially written into the RAM 18.

Next, in the LENGTH REC mode, it is determined whether the operated key is a white key or a black key (step _S11 ).
Therefore, when a white key is pressed, first,
White key function in LENGTH REC mode,
That is, a key branching process (step _S12 ) is executed to divide the keys into tone length keys, tie keys, and keys unrelated to tone length. Here, if the key is not related to note length, the process immediately proceeds to step _S2 , but if the key is other than that, processing according to the function is executed.

If the white key corresponds to the tone length key, then in the next step _S13 it is determined whether the tie flag "1" is set in the tie flag register TF. That is, in the process described later, if the tie key is pressed before the white key is pressed, "1" is set in the tie flag register TF, so it is possible to determine whether or not the tie key was pressed before the white key was pressed. Then, in step _S14 , two or more white keys,
In this case, it is determined whether or not the tone length keys are pressed at the same time. If the result of the determination in steps S ₁₃ and S ₁₄ is that the white key is pressed alone, note length information corresponding to the white key is written into a predetermined storage area of the RAM 18. That is, in the case of FIG. 4, first, the length (quarter note) of the first musical tone "C" is written in column addresses "2" and "3" of the first row. Therefore, when a white key (note length key) is pressed in LENGTH REC mode, the accurate note length information corresponding to that key is written in the area corresponding to the scale to which it should be added, and is set in REC mode. The recorded note length information will be rewritten into accurate note length information as per the musical score. When the rewriting of the note length information is completed, the frequency of the scale to which the note length is to be added is generated (step _S16 ), and thereby the musical tone corresponding to the note is generated.
You can confirm by sound that the tone length information writing process has been executed correctly.

Also, if the Thai key is pressed before the white key,
If two or more white keys (tone length keys) are pressed at the same time, the process proceeds to step _S17 , where tone length information is written. Here, processing different from step _S15 described above is executed. That is,
When the tie key is pressed, tone length information input before and after the tie key is added, and the resulting data is written as tone length information corresponding to the white key (tone length key) before the tie key is pressed. In other words, in FIG. 4a, the sixth and seventh musical tones are connected by a tie, so in such a case, after inputting the length information of the sixth musical note, operate the tie key, and then Enter the note length information of musical tones. As a result, in FIG. 4b, the tone length information of the sixth musical tone becomes the sum of a half note and a sixteenth note. Further, in the case of pressing the white keys (tone length keys) at the same time, the tone length information corresponding to each key is added and the resulting data is written as tone length information. For example, if a white key corresponding to a quarter note and a white key corresponding to an eighth note are operated at the same time, the value obtained by adding the length information of each note, that is, the length information of the dotted quarter note, is written. When the write process to the RAM 18 is completed by pressing the tie key or pressing the tone length key at the same time, the process advances to step _S18 .
Data representing a key input sound is set in the musical waveform generating section 16, and thereby, for example, a key input sound such as "pop" is generated.

Also, if the tie key is pressed, the step
Proceeding to _S19 , the tie flag register TF is set to "1". Note that in this case as well, a key input sound is generated in the same manner as described above.

On the other hand, if the black key is pressed, step S ₂₀
Then, it is determined whether the last operated key is a black key, in other words, whether or not the black key was pressed continuously.If the key was not pressed continuously, the rest corresponding to the black key is played. The data is written to the long information RAM 18 (step _S21 ). That is, when you press the black key corresponding to the half rest according to the musical score in Figure 4a, in Figure 4b, the area "2" in the second row of the RAM 18,
Information about the half rest is written in "3". Also,
If a black key is pressed consecutively, the rest length information corresponding to the previous black key is added to the rest length information corresponding to the current black key, and this result data corresponds to the previous black key. It is written into the area of RAM 18 as rest length information (step _S22 ). For example, even if the black key corresponding to a quarter rest is operated twice in succession, information about a half rest will be written. Also in this case, a key input sound is generated.

Automatic performance is then performed based on the scale information, note length information, or rest length information of each musical tone stored in the RAM 18 as described above. in this case,
Since note length information and rest length information are input exactly as in the score, automatic performance can be performed accurately as in the score.

In the above operation explanation, first, in REC mode, after manually playing the keyboard and writing scale information for all musical tones,
I switched to LENGTH REC mode and sequentially wrote the note length information or rest length information corresponding to that scale, but every time I wrote the note length information for one musical note, I switched to LENGTH REC mode and wrote the note length information. You can do it like this. That is, the data may be written one by one while alternately switching between the REC mode and the LENGTH REC mode.

Furthermore, this invention is not limited to the above embodiments,
Various modifications and applications are possible without departing from this invention.

[Effect of idea]

As explained in detail above, this device is configured so that note length information or rest length information corresponding to various keyboard operations can be stored in memory, so the number of keys is significantly reduced compared to conventional ones. This makes it possible to make the keyboard smaller and lower in cost, and also to greatly improve key operability compared to conventional keyboards.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the invention, with Fig. 1 showing the main parts of the keyboard, Fig. 2 a block circuit diagram, Fig. 3 a flowchart for explaining the operation, and Fig. 4 a. -c show specific examples for explaining the operation, Fig. 4a shows the musical score of the input data, Fig. 4b shows the memory contents of the RAM 18 corresponding to the musical score, and Fig. 4c shows the FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the storage contents of FIG. 4b; 1...Keyboard, 2...Mode selector switch, 11
...Input section, 12...CPU, 13...Main
ROM, 16...music waveform generator, 17...storage unit, 18...RAM, 22...speaker.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A device having a memory for storing scale information obtained by operating a keyboard, and adding note length information to each of the scale information stored in this memory and inputting it to the memory. In an electronic keyboard instrument capable of switching the mode of the keyboard between a first mode and a second mode, a mode setting means for switching the mode of the keyboard to a first mode and a second mode; The instrument further comprises a scale input means for inputting scale information, and a tone length input means for inputting tone length information into the memory using the keyboard when the mode setting means specifies the second mode. An electronic keyboard instrument featuring (2) The keyboard has white keys and black keys, and
Each of the white keys and black keys corresponds to a note length and a rest length, and the note length input means allows the white keys to input note length information corresponding to each of the white keys into the memory. and a rest length input means that enables the black key to input rest length information corresponding to the black key into the memory. The electronic keyboard instrument described in paragraph 1. (3) The note length input means includes a means for detecting simultaneous operation of the white keys, and a means for adding up each note length corresponding to each white key detected by the detection means and writing the result to the memory as note length information. The electronic keyboard instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that the electronic keyboard instrument has a means for inserting. (4) The white key has a tie designation key, and the note length input means has means for detecting an operation of the tie designation key, and based on the detection of the tie designation key operation, the note length input means detects the tie designation key operation. The electronic keyboard according to claim 2, characterized in that it has means for adding note lengths corresponding to the respective white keys operated forward and backward, and writing the result to the memory as note length information. musical instrument. (5) The rest length input means has means for detecting that the black keys are continuously operated, and
A utility model registration request characterized in that the utility model has means for adding the lengths of each rest corresponding to the continuously operated black keys based on the detection of consecutive operations of the black keys and writing the result to the memory as rest length information. An electronic keyboard instrument according to item 2 of the scope.