JP2576728B2 - Automatic performance device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance apparatus for reading music data stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a magnetic tape or the like, and playing the music.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to perform automatic performance of music, an apparatus has been proposed in which music data for a plurality of music is stored in a semiconductor memory, and music data of a specified music is read out to perform automatic performance. No. 135899).

[0003]

This type of device has a problem that the number of storable songs is limited due to the limitation of the storage capacity of the semiconductor memory, and many songs cannot be automatically played. . Further, in the above-described conventional technique, only the designated music piece can be automatically played, so that when the automatic performance of the designated music piece is completed, a complicated operation of newly designating the next automatic music piece is required. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object is to use a magnetic recording medium such as a magnetic tape in combination with a semiconductor memory, so that a user can easily store music programmed by himself / herself,
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance device capable of automatically performing many songs. It is a second object of the present invention to provide an automatic performance apparatus that can automatically perform a continuous performance without a user designating a music to be automatically performed each time.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a storage means capable of storing music data corresponding to the progress of music, and a magnetic storage medium capable of reading and writing a plurality of music data stored in the storage means. An interface means for performing writing and reading, a plurality of music data corresponding to the progress of the music are stored, and a mounting means for detachably mounting a semiconductor memory capable of reading the music data to the apparatus main body; Designation means for selectively designating any one of a magnetic storage medium and a semiconductor memory ;
Random number generating means for generating a random number designating each of the music data stored in the magnetic storage medium and the semiconductor memory; and a predetermined number of random numbers generated from the random number generating means corresponding to the reproduction order of the music data. Song order storage means, save switch, and load switch
If, this when the semiconductor memory is designated by the designating means, mounted on said mounting means on the basis of a random number which is read in the order they are stored in the Kyokujun storage means semiconductive
Reads the music data from the body memory, the read out music data with is stored in the storage means, when the magnetic storage medium is designated by the designation means, the Se
Operating the interface means in response to the operation of the load switch to read the music data stored in the storage means, and operating the interface means in response to the operation of the load switch to operate the music data from the magnetic storage medium. Control means for performing control for storing the data in the storage means based on random numbers read out in the order stored in the music order storage means, and automatic performance for performing automatic performance in accordance with the music data stored in the storage means. Means are provided.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument having a function of automatically playing music will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the electronic musical instrument. On the upper surface of the case of the electronic musical instrument 1, a keyboard 2, a switch input unit 3 having various switches, a sound emitting unit 4, a display unit 5, and a memory card set unit 6 are provided.
As shown in FIG. 1, an interface circuit set section 7 for inputting data from a magnetic tape (not shown) is provided, and further, various circuit components of the electronic musical instrument 1, a battery,
A speaker and the like are built in.

As shown, the keyboard 2 is composed of 31 keys having pitches of, for example, F _{2 to} B _4, and a normal manual performance is performed. The sixteen white keys from pitches G _{2 to} A ₄ are used as rhythm designation switches from rock to swing (4 beats), as well as for inputting the order of music in the memory card or magnetic tape. even ten keys, ten white keys to the pitch C ₄ to a _4, is black keys used. In that case, there is a case of inputting a random music order, possibly with a random number generator for inputting arbitrarily programmed song sequence, therefore, the key of the pitch B ₃ is used as a random key, also the pitch the key of B ₄ is used as a program key.

Each of the switch groups 8 and 9 has an internal R
A key used to write chord (chord) data together with music data to the AM, a switch group 8 is used for specifying the root note, and a switch group 9 is used for specifying a chord type. In addition,
The input of the pitch and length of the music data is performed by operating the keys of the keyboard 2. The one-key code key 10 is a key for reading out the code data preset as described above one by one and sequentially emitting a chord sound. Further, the volume switches 11, 12, and 13 are for a main volume, a chord volume, and a rhythm volume, respectively. The tempo switches 14A and 14B are switches for increasing or decreasing the tempo, and the rhythm select switch 15 is a switch operated before the rhythm is specified by the above-mentioned 16 white keys.
The start / fill-in switch 16 is a switch for starting automatic performance of the rhythm when the rhythm is designated as described above.

The demonstration switch 17 is a switch for repeatedly performing a demonstration performance from the first music to the last music on the memory card.
The R / MT switch 18 is a switch for designating whether to select the memory card or the magnetic tape according to whether the switch is operated odd-numbered times or even-numbered times.

The switches 19 and 20 are respectively connected to the internal RA.
It is used as a save switch or a load switch when writing or reading music data, code data, etc. between the M and the magnetic tape. The switches 19, 2
0 is also used for transposing a musical piece, so that each time the switches 19 and 20 are operated, the key set in a predetermined order changes one by one.
In, the directions of the changes are opposite to each other.

The tone switch 21 is a switch for designating eight kinds of tone colors such as a piano and a violin. The memory play switch 22 is a control switch for writing music data and the like to the internal RAM as described above. The play switch 22A is a switch operated during reproduction, the switch 22B is a rhythm stop, and A switch for resetting and canceling the internal RAM, a melody switch 22C is a switch operated when writing melody data (song data), a code switch 22D is a switch operated for writing code data, and a record switch. A switch 22E is operated before writing the music data or the like into the internal RAM, a step switch 22F is a switch for stepping the address for the internal RAM one by one, and a delete switch 22G.
Is a switch for releasing data written in the internal RAM, a clear switch 22H is a switch for clearing an address counter or the like, and one-key play switches 22I and 22J are melody data written in the internal RAM one note at a time. This is a switch for reading and playing. Reference numeral 23 denotes a power switch. Code 24
Is connected to an interface circuit (not shown) in the interface circuit set section 7 and is a tape recorder (not shown) provided separately from the electronic musical instrument 1.
The data is exchanged between the magnetic tape set in the electronic musical instrument 1 and the electronic musical instrument 1.

FIG. 3 shows an appearance of the memory card 25. For example, an LSI (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) chip or the like in which data of a predetermined music is written in a plastic case 25A is fixedly set on a printed board. ing. Also 25
B and 25C are terminals, which are connected to connectors in the memory card setting unit 6. Note that a label on which a song name or the like is written is affixed on the plastic case of the memory card 25.

FIG. 4 is a plan view when the display unit 5 is powered off. The display section 5 is composed of a liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 5 shows an electrode configuration of the liquid crystal display panel. As shown, the liquid crystal display panel is roughly divided into an upper keyboard display section 5A and a lower character display section 5B. The keyboard display section 5A is configured to display white keys and black keys with liquid crystals of different colors, and those indicated by black circles on the display of each key are sounded during manual performance or automatic performance. It is provided so that the pitch of the middle musical tone is lit and displayed in correspondence with the key. In the character display section 5B, a character "rhythm" lit during a rhythm performance or the like, a character "trans" illuminated at the time of transposition, a character "R" illuminated at the time of automatic performance by the memory card 25, or a magnetic tape The characters "MT" illuminated during automatic performance, each display,
In addition, a display body 5B1 for displaying numbers and codes, and a character "melod" which is lit when writing melody data or the like.
y ", a character" c "that lights up when writing code data, etc.
"Hold", and a bar indicator 5B2 provided for each of the eight tones and illuminated when the tone is designated.
Consists of

Next, the circuit configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 6, the output of each key of the keyboard 2 is input to a key detection unit 27, and a key code of an operation key is created and sent to a control unit 28 for processing. Outputs of various switches on the switch unit 3 are also input to the control unit 28 and processed.
The control unit 28 controls all operations of the electronic musical instrument, and includes a microprocessor and the like. When writing and reading data D such as music data to and from the internal RAM 29, the control unit 28 controls the operation by outputting a read / write control signal R / W, and addresses by the address data Ad. For the memory card 25, the head address of the music data to be read is first preset in the address counter 30, and then the music data is read while the address counter 30 is incremented.
The input is made to the control unit 28. Further, the control unit 28 reads out the music data in the magnetic tape 32 of the tape recorder 31 by using the MT.
This is performed via the interface 33. Then, the manual performance of the keyboard, the memory card 25 and the tape recorder 3
For the automatic performance by No. 1, the necessary data is output to the first melody generating section 34, the second melody generating section 35, the chord generating section 36, the bass sound generating section 37, and the rhythm generating section 38, respectively. The first melody generator 34 generates a melody signal of a melody line described later, the second melody generator 35 generates a melody signal of an obligator line, and the code generator 36 generates a code signal of a code line. Further, the bass sound generating section 37 generates a bass signal, and the rhythm generating section 38 generates a rhythm signal, which is emitted from the sound emitting section 4 via the amplifier 39 and the speaker 40, respectively. The control unit 28 also controls the display operation of the display unit 5 to execute various displays.

FIG. 7 shows a circuit configuration of a main part of the control unit 28. Track order of the data specified by the 12 key pitch B ₃ .about.B ₄ on the keyboard 2, when specifying the program type to directly tune order memory 41 are sequentially stored. On the other hand, when only the number of songs is designated at random, the designated number data is preset in the counter 43 in the random number generator 42,
Next, every time the random number generator 42 outputs random data one by one, the data is written to the music order memory 41 as music order data, and the counter 43 counts down one by one at the same time. Is set to "0", the generation of random numbers is stopped.

The music order data in the music order memory 41 is given to the memory card 25 or the tape recorder 31. After the play switch 22A is operated, the music data for one music is sequentially read out, and the data is transferred to the internal RAM 29 via the data buffer 44. Will be transferred.

The data register 45 is a register provided for data read from the melody line among the data read from the memory card 25 or the magnetic tape 32. The data input to the data register 45 is a data judgment. It is provided to the unit 46. If the input data is sound length data, the data judgment unit 46 sets the sound length data in a sound length register (LEN) 47. If it is repeat flag data, it is set to 2
The bit is given to a repeat flag (RF) 48. The repeat flag data is then sent to the address control unit 49.
Given to. Further, when the input data is other data such as a pitch, a timbre, an effect, and the like, the data determination section 46 sends these data to the first melody generating section 34.

Time data from a time counter (timer) 50 is input to the sound length register 47, and the sound length data in the sound length register 47 is decremented by one every time the time data changes by a predetermined unit time. When the tone length data becomes “0”, a one-shot signal is output and given to the address control unit 49. As described later, the sound length data includes ON length (during sound generation) and OFF length (during sound silencing) data.

The address control unit 49 includes an address counter (ADC) 51 and a return address register (RAD).
52 and a jump address register (JAD) 53. The start address of the music is preset in the address counter 51 at the start of the automatic performance of the music, and is then incremented as the performance progresses. Data is exchanged between the return address register / jump address register 53 and the address counter 51 in accordance with the contents of the repeat flag data, and the address is changed for repeat performance. Then, the address data output by the address counter 51 is sent to the internal RAM 29, and the next data is read. The data register 45, the data determination unit 46, the tone length register 47, the clock counter 50, the repeat flag 4
8, the address control unit 49 is both an obligato line,
Although the same circuit is provided for each data from the code line, its illustration is omitted.

The tone generation flag (FON) 54 is a 1-bit register for setting a tone generation flag of "1" during tone generation and "0" during silence. The sound generation flag is also provided one by one for each data of the obligato line and the code line, but is not shown.

FIG. 8A shows a data structure representing one musical sound data of a melody line and an obligato line for the music stored in the memory card 25 and the magnetic tape 32. That is, it is composed of a 4-bit scale code, a 4-bit octave code, an 8-bit ON length, and an 8-bit OFF length, and is composed of a total of 6 digits. This data configuration is also used for rest data. FIG. 8 (2) shows a data structure representing musical sound data of a code line. That is, it is composed of a 4-bit scale code representing a root note name, a 4-bit octave code representing a chord type, and an 8-bit ON length, and is composed of a total of 4 digits. FIG. 2
Reference numeral 3 denotes a specific example of the scale code and the octave code. It should be noted that the melody line is F # ₃ ~B _5,
Obbligato line scale code of up to F ₃ ~B _5,
Octave chords are used. FIG. 13 shows ON length, O
9 shows a specific example of sound length data indicating an FF length. Then
As shown in the drawing, the above-mentioned sound length data is roughly classified into a normal sound length that is usually used and has a small value, and a double length whose value is larger than the normal sound length. The normal tone length is represented by 8-bit data, and its upper 4 bits and lower 4 bits are represented by the symbol L.
₂ , L ₁ , and the range of the note length is 3 / 64th note
There are 16 types from tuplet length to dotted whole note length. On the other hand, in the double length, 8-bit data is further added to the upper bits of the data L ₂ and L ₁ representing the 8-bit data, and the upper 4 bits and lower 4 bits thereof are represented by symbols U ₂ and U _{1, respectively} . . The range of the note length is 16 types, from twice as long as a whole note to 512 times as long as a whole note. Therefore, a total of 32 types of tone length data are used in this embodiment.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show the data format of the memory card 25. FIG. That is, FIG. 9A shows the entire format, from the beginning, a main header (addresses 0 to α ₁ -1), n pieces of music data (α _{1 to} γ−1,
Assume that the head address of each song is α ₁ , α ₂ ,..., Αn. n
Is an integer, each storage area and an empty area (address γ to BF)
CF), unused area (addresses BFDO to BFFF)
It consists of. And the storage capacity of the total area is
4 bits × 49152 digits.

FIG. 9B shows the data content of the main header. First, work data having the contents shown in the figure is written in an area for the first 11 digits. Next 4
Data indicating the number of songs n is written in the digit area,
Next, the head address γ of the empty area is added to the area of 6 digits.
This is followed by a NO. In each 6 digit area. 1 to N
O. The music data start address of each of the n pieces of music is written, and then the start address of empty data is written in a 6-digit area.

FIG. 10C shows the contents of each piece of music data.
Note that NO. The content of one piece of music data is shown as a representative. That is, from the beginning, the song header, melody data,
It is composed of obrigato data and code data, and the symbols δ ₁ , δ ₂ , and δ ₃ shown in the figure indicate the start addresses of melody data, obligato data, and code data, respectively.
FIG. 10D shows the contents of the music header. That is, at the beginning, 2-digit all "0" data is written,
Next, data δ ₁ indicating the melody data head address is written in six digits, data indicating the illustrated two-digit gap in the next two digits, and data indicating the head address of the obligato data in the next six digits. δ ₂ , data indicating a gap shown in the next two digits, and data δ ₃ indicating a code data head address are written in the next six digits, respectively.

FIG. 11 (5) shows the contents of the melody line data. That is, a rest (the rest length is 0) from the beginning,
Bar information, time signature information, tone information, tone (ON), and then, if it is in the score, effect (ON) data, and thereafter, data such as notes based on the music score of the song, and tone (OF)
F), the above-mentioned effect (OFF) and END data are written. FIG. 11 (6) shows the contents of the data of the obligato line. That is, from the beginning, the rest (the rest length is 0), the tone (ON), the data of the effect ON if it exists in the musical score, and the data of the note etc. according to the score, the tone (OFF), the effect OFF, Each data of END is written. FIG. 11 (7) shows the data content of the code line. That is, a rest (the rest length is 0) and a counter reset (the counter is at the beginning of FIG.
Is provided in the rhythm generating section 38 for counting the rhythm of the rhythm being generated. ) Rhythm identification, tempo (ON), rest, rhythm (ON) data, and hereafter, each chord data according to the score,
Rhythm (OFF), tempo (OFF), and END data are written.

FIGS. 12 to 17 show specific examples of the above-mentioned various information used in the melody line data and the obligato line data. That is, FIG.
(1) shows scale information. Then, as shown in (a) of FIG. 12 (1), the normal pitch whose pitch is smaller than 32/3 beats is
Pitch (2 digits) composed of a scale code (SC) and an octave code (OC), a tone length (2 digits of L ₁ and L ₂ ) indicating a tone generation period of a musical tone, and a rest length (L) indicating a silence period of a musical tone _1, is made from the data of the L 2 digit _2).

(B) of FIG. 12 (1) shows the content of the double tone whose sound length is 32/3 beats or more. That is, the pitch SC, OC,
Tone length L _1, L _2, rest length L _1, 2 digits of data illustrating showing the following to a double command of L _2, and then the sound length u ₁ of the upper bits, u ₂ (2 digits), rest Note length u ₁ , u
_It consists of ₂ (2 digits) data. FIG. 12 (2)
Indicates a specific example of rest information. This rest length is 3
It is less than 2/3 beats, is placed at the beginning of the melody line and the obligato line (the rest length in that case is 0), and is used when there is a rest immediately after repeat information to be described later. Thus, the content is represented by the rest length command (2 digits) shown in the figure, the rest lengths L ₁ , L
_It consists of ₂ (2 digits).

FIG. 13 shows a specific example of the repeat information. FIG. 13A shows the configuration. That is, it is composed of a repeat command (two-digit data described later) and a no code (four digits). FIG. 13B shows specific examples of the ten types of repeat commands.

FIG. 14 shows a specific example of timbre data. Of these, (a) shows the tone O when the number of beats is 32/3 or less.
As shown in the figure, each of the N and OFF data structures shows a tone command (two digits), tone data (two digits data described later), rest lengths L ₁ and L ₂ (length of one beat or more). And the rest length is composed of 2 digits of data. It should be noted that, in the data, a cross mark indicates that it can be changed depending on each data. The same applies to other cases described below. (B) shows the ON / OFF data configuration of the timbre when the number of beats is 32/3 beats or more, both of which are the timbre commands, timbre data, rests L ₁ and L ₂ (lower bits) shown in the figure. Following each data, double-length command (2 digits), no code (2
Digits) and rest lengths u ₁ and u ₂ (2 digits) of upper bits. (C) shows a piano or the like 8 shown in FIG.
Shows the contents of the type of timbre data.

FIG. 15 shows a specific example of the effect information.
(A) shows the data structure of the effect ON and OFF when the number of beats is smaller than 32/3 beats, both of which are an effect command (2 digits), effect data (2 digits) described later, and a rest length L ₁ , L ₂ (2 digits). (B) shows the case where the number of beats is 32/3 beats or more. Each of the effect command, effect data, and rest lengths L ₁ and L ₂ (lower bits) has a double-length command (2 digits), It consists of a code (2 digits) and rest lengths u ₁ and u ₂ (high-order bits).
(C) shows the contents of three types of effect data (short sustain, vibrato, and delay vibrato).

FIG. 16 shows a specific example of the tie information. Among them, (a) shows each data structure of ON and OFF of the tie information. As shown in the figure, a tie command (2 digits) and a no code (4 digits) are included. (B) shows an example of Thai information in a musical score. Note that the scale data is added after the ON / OFF command of the tie information. (C) shows the contents of the musical score example of (b) converted into data.

FIG. 17A shows a specific example of time signature information. As shown in the figure, a time signature command (two digits), a time signature L, u (two-digit data described later), and a no code (two digits). The specific data contents of the time signatures L and u are shown in FIG. Here, L and u represent the numerator and denominator of the time signature, respectively. FIG. 17B shows a specific example of the tone symbol information. As shown in the figure, a tone code command (two digits), tone symbols L and u (two digits) and no code (two digits) described later. FIG. 26 shows a specific example of the tone symbols L and u. FIG. 17C shows a specific example of the bar information. As shown in the figure, it is composed of a bar command (2 digits) and a no code (4 digits), and is arranged only at the head of the melody line. FIG. 17 (4) shows a specific example of the end information, which is composed of 6 digits as shown, and is arranged at the end of the melody line and the obligato line.

FIGS. 18 to 22 show specific examples of the above-mentioned various information used in the code line data. FIG.
Numeral 8 denotes chord name information, of which (a) is chord name information in the case of a normal long chord length of 32/3 beats or less, and as shown in FIG.
Data of each digit of C (described later), code lengths L ₁ and L ₂
Consists of two digits of data. (B) shows double-length chord name information having a chord length of 32/3 beats or more. As shown, the root note SC, the chord name OC, the chord length L ₁ ,
Each data of L ₂ (lower bit) further includes a double-length command (2 digits), code lengths u ₁ and u ₂ (upper bits, 2 bits).
Digit). (C) shows specific data of the code name, and 16 types are provided. In the figure, the off chord indicates that only the bass sound is present, and the no chord indicates that there is no sound.

FIG. 19 shows specific data of rest information.
(A) is data of a normal tone length when the chord length is 32/3 beats or less. As shown in the figure, the data consists of rest data (two digits) and rest lengths L ₁ and L ₂ (two digits). (B) shows data when the code length is a double length of 32/3 beats or more. As shown in the figure, the rest command, the rest lengths L ₁ and L ₂ (lower bits), and the double length command (2
Digits) and rest lengths u ₁ and u ₂ (2 digits). Thus, the rest information is placed at the beginning of the code line, in which case the code length is "0". In the case of a chord rest, the previous chord is held. Further, when information such as repeat, rhythm, and fill-in enters between chords, this rest information is used.

FIG. 20 shows the specific data of the repeat information, of which (a) shows the data structure, which consists of a repeat command (two-digit data described later) and no-code (two-digit) data. (B) shows a specific example of the repeat command, as shown in FIG.
Different types are available.

FIG. 21 shows specific data of rhythm / fill-in / rhythm identification information. (A) is the O
N and OFF data, and as shown in the figure, are composed of rhythm / fill-in / rhythm identification command (two digits) and rhythm data (two digits data described later). (B) shows specific data of a rhythm / fill-in command, and includes a rhythm command, a fill-in command,
Each rhythm identification command is composed of two digits of data as shown. (C) shows a specific example of rhythm data, and all 17 types of rhythm data such as rock are 2-digit data shown in the figure.

FIG. 22A shows ON / OFF of tempo information.
, And consists of tempo command (two digits) and tempo data (two digits described later) as shown in the figure. The specific data of the tempo data is shown in FIG. Here, the symbol X in the data indicates that the tempo information is ON when the 1-bit data is "0" and OFF when the 1-bit data is "1".
It shows. FIG. 22 (2) shows specific data of the counter reset information, which is composed of 4-digit data as shown. FIG. 22 (3) shows specific data of the end information, which is 4-digit data as shown. Thus, this end information is located at the end of the code line.

FIG. 28 shows an example of music recorded on the memory card 25 or the magnetic tape 32, and shows a score of "Aria on G line" (composed by Bach). In the figure, the numbers between the melody and the score of Obrigato indicate the number of measures. In the case of the score shown in FIG. 28, the melody line, obligato line, and code line information are as shown in FIGS. 29 (1), (2), and (3).
Thus, each piece of information is written by the various data described with reference to FIGS. Note that in the code lines of FIGS. 28 and 29,

[Outside 1] A box enclosed with “と” indicates an off chord.
Indicates No chord.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the necessary memory card 25
Is set in the memory card setting section 6 in advance. Further, the cord 24 connected to the tape recorder 31 is connected to the interface circuit set in the interface circuit setting section 7, and then the power switch 23 of the electronic musical instrument 1 is turned on. The power switch also turns on. Thus, the automatic performance using the memory card 25 or the magnetic tape 32 can be started.

When a music number is designated from the memory card 25 and input to the music order memory 41 and an automatic performance is to be performed based on the music number, the music number is input according to the key operation shown in FIG. First, the R / MT switch 18
Is operated an odd number of times. Therefore, the output is input to the control unit 28, and the control unit 28 determines and stores the selection of the memory card 25 in response thereto. Steps S ₁ and S ₂ shown in the flowchart of FIG. 32 show the above processing. Next, in the case where the music numbers 5, 2, 14, 9, and 17 are designated, FIG.
As shown in 0, sequentially enter the song number using the 12 keys to pitch B ₃ .about.B ₄ on the keyboard 2. In this case, the pitch B ₄ random number generator for the program key was operated for 42
Does not operate, and the inputted five tune numbers are written in the tune order memory 41 as they are (that is, step S in FIG. 32).
_4, the processes in S ₈ corresponds to the above operation. ). And after the operation of the play switch 22A, an automatic performance by music read from the memory card 25 is started by the operation immediately below (the processing of steps S _9, S _10).

On the other hand, when writing random song order data to the song order memory 41, as shown in FIG.
Similarly, the switch 18 is operated an odd number of times to execute the above steps S ₁ and S ₂ . Then, for example, if you select 10 songs, it performs a random specified by operating a random key by the key of the pitch B _3. Accordingly, the specification is determined in step S _4. Next, the number of songs "10" is input. Then, the song number data "10" is set in the counter 43 in the random number generator 42, also a random number generator 42 starts operating (step S for ₅₎ random number data 1 at a time occurs, song order written into the memory 41 (in step S _6). At this time, the data “10” set in the counter 43 becomes 1 every time one random number data is generated.
Each time it is counted down and decreased. Then, when ten random number data are generated and written into the music order memory 41, the content of the counter 43 becomes "0", which means that step S
It is determined by the process of _{7, and} the operation of the random number generator 42 stops. And you turn the play switch 22A, an automatic performance is started (the processing of steps S _9, S _10).

To select a song in the magnetic tape 32, the R / TM switch 18 is operated an even number of times to input the selection of the magnetic tape 32 to the control unit 28, and the key operation procedures shown in FIGS. Exactly the same. That is, proceeds to step S ₃ through the processing of Step S _1, the magnetic tape specification is stored in the control unit 28. The processing of step S ₁₀ in FIG. 32, presence or absence of song sequence data preset in the song order memory 41, that is, judging whether processing has been completed for all performances.

When the memory card 25 is selected,
As shown in FIG. 37, the character “R” is displayed on the display unit 5 to indicate this. When the magnetic tape 32 is selected, the character "MT" is displayed on the display unit 5 as shown in FIG.

[0043] Referring now to the flowchart of FIGS. 33 to 35 for explaining the operation of the automatic performance is the processing of step S _9. When the automatic performance starts, the music order memory 41
Has read the song number data of the first song, and assuming that the memory card 25 is currently selected, the control unit 28 sets the head address of the song data in the address counter 30 based on the read song number data, Next, one piece of music data is sequentially read from the memory card 25 while incrementing the address counter 30, and each data is written to the internal RAM 29 via the data buffer 44. When the song data for one song has been written to the internal RAM 29, the automatic performance of the first song is started.

That is, the control unit 28 controls the address counter (A
DC) 51 to set the initial address of the internal RAM 29 (processing of step M ₁ of the flow chart of FIG. 33). Therefore, the data for the initial address is
Read from AM29, and inputs to the control unit 28 (processing of step M _2). The control unit 28 then the data is tone data, repeat data, to determine which one of the end data, performs tone data process of step M ₄ if the tone data. That is, information based on the musical sound data is sent to the first melody generating section 34, the second melody generating section 35, the chord generating section 36, the bass sound generating section 37, and the rhythm generating section 38 to generate each musical sound. The sound is emitted from the sound emitting unit 4 via the amplifier 39 and the speaker 40. In that case,
In the first melody generating section 34 and the second melody generating section 35, a musical sound generating operation based on each data of the melody line or the obligato line is simultaneously executed, and a chord generating section 36, a bass sound generating section 37, and a rhythm generating section 3 are respectively performed.
8, the chord sound based on the data of the chord line,
The operation of generating the bass sound and the rhythm sound is performed simultaneously. The details of the tone data process of step M ₄ will be described later with the flowchart of FIG. 34.

The process melody line of a tone data by the processing of step M _4, obbligato line,
After the code lines are processed simultaneously in parallel, the control unit 28 sets the address counter 51 to +4 for the code line and +6 for the melody line and the obligato line (see FIG. 8),
Returning to step M ₂ to read out the next data.

[0046] When the data read in step M ₃ was repeated data executes the repeat processing by the flowchart of FIG. 24 to be described later, (step M _5), and the process ends after the step M ₆ is executed, and returns to step M _2. If the read data is end data, the performance of one music has ended, so it is determined whether or not there is next music order data. In this case, it is the first music. Then, the processing shifts to the automatic performance processing of the second music, and the same operation as that of the first music is performed. Then, when the performance of all the songs whose song order has been input to the song order memory 41 is executed, the automatic performance ends.

Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 34, the operation of the tone data process of step M ₄ in detail. The tone data read from the memory card 25 is set in the data register 45, and when the processing of the tone data is started, first, the time counter 50 is reset (step N ₁ ). Next, the data determination section 46 determines whether the musical tone data is musical scale data or other data such as tone color in the melody line and obligato line, or code data in a code line or other data such as rhythm and tempo. (Step N ₂ ). Then, the musical scale data, in the case of the code data, and proceeds to step N _3, the vocalization flag (FON) 54 "1" whether or not. On the other hand, in the case of the other data, and proceeds to step N _17, tone and rhythm, tempo setting, etc., or setting process release is performed, the process proceeds when it ends the processing state of the next music data .

[0048] The sound output flag 54 during pronunciation "1" are set to "0" in muted, assuming that a "0" in the now Mute Thus, proceeds to step N _4, or its tone The pronunciation process for the chord sound is executed as described above. Next, vocalization flag 54 is "1" and set at by sound state is stored (Step N _5), then tone length register (LEN) 47 to ON time data (ON length) is set (step N ₆ ). Also, the data judgment unit 46
Determines whether contains double length command to the next data, if included proceeds immediately to step N _9, on the other hand, when it is included proceeds to step N _8, A process of adding double-length data, that is, the upper bit data of the sound length data indicated by u ₁ and u ₂ to the higher order of the lower bit data L ₁ and L ₂ already set in the sound length register 47 is performed. (Step N ₈ ). Then proceeds to step N _9, the contents of the sound length register 47 whether "0" is determined by the data determining section 46 (Step N _9). And
If not "0", and proceeds to step N _11, read timing data of the timing counter 50, it is determined whether a unit time (Delta] t) has elapsed, when not reached returns to step N _11, Step N _11, N ₁₂ repeating run. When the unit time has elapsed, proceeds to step N _13, the sound length register 47 is -1, and then proceeds to step N _9. Steps N ₉ , N ₁₁ , N ₁₂ , and N ₁₃ are repeated until the ON time, that is, the sounding time elapses. And
Tone length contents "0" of the register 47, the sounding time has elapsed, proceeds to step N _10, vocalization flag 54 is "1" it is determined whether or not. Step N After stopping the sound proceeds to step N ₁₄ because it is now "1" Thus
Proceeding to ₁₅ , the OFF time data (OFF length) is set in the sound length register 47. And the pronunciation flag 5
4 is set to "0", mute state is set (Step N _16). And proceeds to step N _9, the OF
Until the F time data becomes “0” and the mute time elapses, the above-described steps N ₉ , N ₁₁ , N ₁₂ and N ₁₃ are executed. When the silence duration has elapsed, proceeds to step N _10, since it is sound flag 54 Gaima "0", enters the next tone data processing.

Next, will be described repeating process steps M ₅ described above with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 35.
Now, a song in which a repeat performance as shown in FIG. 36 (1) is performed will be described. In the drawings, (a) to (l) indicate the progress of the music, and numerals 0, 1, 2, and 3 indicate the contents of the repeat flag (RF) 48, respectively. When the repeat command shown in (b) of FIG. 13C is input to the data register 45, the repeat processing is started, and the data determination unit 4
6 means that the symbol

[Outside 2] (N = 1 to 8) is determined (step P ₁ ). And the sign

[Outside 3] Then, the process proceeds to Step P ₆ , where data “0” is set in the repeat flag 48. Next, an address counter (AD) is stored in the return address register (RAD).
C) The current value “a” of 51 is set (step P ₇ ).
Proceeding to step M ₆ (FIG. 33), the tone and mute processing for the next musical tone data, that is, quarter notes and eighth notes are performed. And (d) repeat information

[Outside 4] There Once read, it enters the repeating process, the symbols in Step P ₁

[Outside 5] Is determined. Therefore, proceed to step P _10, repeat the content of the flag 48 or "1", large or than "1",
Or a small or judgment is smaller than now "0" and is from "1", thus the repeat flag 48 is data "1" is set proceeds to step P _22, and proceeds to step M ₆ The pronunciation for the next half note in (e),
A silencing process is performed. And the symbol of (f)

Circumflex 3 enters again repeat the process by entering into the data register 45, and then proceeds to step P ₂ via step P _1.

In step P ₂ , it is determined whether the content of the repeat flag 48 is “2” or larger or smaller than “2”.
Because it is a smaller, proceeds to step P _3, the address in the jump address register (JAD) 53 Counter 51
Is set and held. Then, data “2” is set in the repeat flag 48 (step P ₄ ). Next, the repeat information (a) held in the return address register 52 (symbol

[Outer 3) address is set in the address counter 51 for (step P _5), the next music data proceeds to step M _6, i.e., the processing of the tone data of the quarter note is started (b) .

The quarter note and eighth note of (b) and (c) are again sounded and muted, and the repeat performance is executed. Then, the repeat information of (d), that is, the symbol

When circumflex 4] is input again to the data register 45, after the process of step P _1, in step P _10, it is determined the content of the repeat flag (currently "2") is greater than "1", step P Proceeding to ₁₁ , the data (f) in the jump address register 53 is set in the address counter 51, and then the contents of the address counter 51 are incremented by +2 to obtain the data of the address (h).

[Outside 6] Is read and input to data register 45 (step P
_12, P _13). Then the process proceeds to step P _14, the data

Circumflex 6] is determined proceeds to step P _15, it decrements the contents of the address counter 51 and (g), and also sets the (g) to jump address register 53 (step P _16). Then the address counter 51 is incremented by one and (h) (step P _17), sets the data "3" to repeat flag 48 (step P _18). Next, the content of the address counter 51 is incremented by 1 to (i) (step P ₁₉ ), the dotted half note of the data (i) is read (step P ₂₀ ), and the process proceeds to step P ₂₁ , where the data is

It is determined whether or not [5]. Thus

Proceeds not a circumflex 5] in step P _24, the address counter 51 to -1 and (h), proceed to (i) pronounce half note point with the step M _6, performs a mute process .

Next, the symbol (j)

When circumflex 6] is read that it is determined in step P _1, proceeds to step P _2, now repeat flag 48 Thus is "3", the step because it is larger than "2" proceed to P _4, to repeat flag 48 data "2"
Is set. Then the process proceeds to step P _5, the address of the return address register 52 to the address counter 51 (a) is set, then proceeds to step M _6,
(B) and (c) are reproduced. Next, the symbol (d)

When circumflex 4] are read, the process proceeds from step P ₁ to P _10, the repeat flag 48 of the data is greater than "2", "1" because it is, the process proceeds to Step P _11, jump address register 53 Is set in the address counter 51. And the address counter 51
By +2 to (i) (step P ₁₂ ), and the data
The dotted half note is read (step P ₁₃ ), and step P ₁₄
Proceed to. This step P ₁₄ in the data symbols

Determines that it is not a [outer 5 proceeds to Step P _23, and sets the data "1" to repeat flag 48, then the address counter 51 to -1 and (h), step M ₆
To reproduce the dotted half note of (i).

Next, the symbol (j)

When the [outside 6] is read proceeds from step P ₁ in step P _2, now repeat flag 48 Thus is "1",
Therefore proceeds to step P ₃ for is smaller than "2", the current value of the address counter 51 (j) is set to the jump address register 53. The set of data "2" to repeat flag 48 (Step P _4), also the return address register 52 address (a) is set in the address counter 51 returns to step M ₆ (step P _5), (b) , (C) are reproduced.

Next, the symbol (d)

When 再 び is read again, the process proceeds from step P ₁ to P ₁₀ , so that the repeat flag 48 is “2” and “1”
Address counter 5 proceed more to step P ₁₁ for large
The address (j) of the jump address register 53 is set to 1, and the program jumps there. Next, the address counter 51 is incremented by 2 to (l) (step P ₁₂ ).
Then the data, all the note is read (Step P _13), in step P ₁₄ is the data symbols

Is determined to not be [outside 5], and sets the data "1" to repeat flag 48 proceeds to step P _23, then the address counter 51 to -1 and (k) (step P _24), then returning to step M _6, to reproduce the entire note (l).

The operation of the music repeat processing of FIG. 36 (1) has been described above. FIGS. 36 (2) to 36 (5) show the change of the repeat flag 48 in the music in another repeat state. In all cases, a repeat performance can be executed according to the flowchart of FIG. Thus, the repeat flag "0"
Is the symbol

Indicates a state in which a new break has been entered after reading [3]. The repeat flag "1" indicates that a jump was performed when the repeat flag was "2", or that the repeat flag "2" or "3" Symbol when

Is read, and the next two data are symbols

The repeat flag “2” indicates that the repeat flag is not “2”.

Indicates the state in which the repeat flag is read, and the repeat flag "3" is a symbol when the repeat flag is "1".

And the repeat flag is "2"
Or, when "3", the next data is a symbol

The states at the time of (5) are respectively shown.

In the above embodiment, the memory pack is a memory card, but may be a RAM pack. In addition to the magnetic tape, another magnetic recording device may be used.

[0057]

As described in detail above, the present invention selects one of a semiconductor memory and a magnetic recording medium such as a magnetic tape, reads out recorded music data, and performs an automatic performance. The magnetic recording medium allows the user to record music data of music programmed by himself / herself. Therefore, a magnetic recording medium such as a magnetic tape, which is very inexpensive and has a large storage capacity as compared with a semiconductor memory, can be used in combination, and there is an advantage that more music can be automatically performed than before. In addition, since the automatic performance can be continuously performed in the designated music order in the main performance, the user does not have to perform a complicated operation such as specifying the music every time the automatic performance for one music is completed. There is an advantage that continuous automatic performance can be enjoyed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a memory card.

FIG. 4 is a plan view when the power of the display unit is turned off.

FIG. 5 is an electrode configuration diagram of a liquid crystal panel of the display unit.

FIG. 6 is a block circuit diagram of the electronic musical instrument.

7 is a specific circuit diagram of a main part of a control unit 28 in FIG.

8A is a data configuration diagram of a melody line and an obligato line, and FIG. 8B is a data configuration diagram of a code line.

FIG. 9 is an entire data format of a memory card or a magnetic tape and a data configuration diagram of a main header.

FIG. 10 is a data configuration diagram of song data and a song header.

FIG. 11 is a data configuration diagram of a melody line, an obligato line, and a code line.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the contents of specific information in the melody line data and the obligato line data, wherein (1) is a data configuration diagram of scale information, and (2) is a data configuration diagram of rest information.

FIG. 13 is a data configuration diagram of repeat information.

FIG. 14 is a data configuration diagram of timbre information.

FIG. 15 is a data configuration diagram of effect information.

FIG. 16 is a data configuration diagram of Thai information.

17 shows (1) time signature information, (2) tone symbol information,
FIG. 6 is a data configuration diagram of (3) bar information and (4) end information.

FIG. 18 is a data configuration diagram of code name information showing specific contents in code line data.

FIG. 19 is a data configuration diagram of rest information.

FIG. 20 is a data configuration diagram of repeat information.

FIG. 21 is a data configuration diagram of rhythm / fill-in / rhythm identification information.

FIG. 22 is a data configuration diagram of (1) tempo information, (2) counter reset information, and (3) end information.

FIG. 23 is a view showing specific contents of note data.

FIG. 24 is a view showing specific contents of sound duration data.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing specific contents of time signature information.

FIG. 26 is a view showing specific contents of tone symbol information.

FIG. 27 is a view showing specific contents of tempo information.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of a musical score.

FIGS. 29 (1), (2), and (3) are diagrams respectively showing data strings of a melody line, an obligato line, and a code line of the musical score.

FIG. 30 is an exemplary view showing a key operation procedure when a music piece on a memory card or a magnetic tape is designated by a program.

FIG. 31 is an exemplary view showing a key operation procedure for randomly designating music on a memory card or a magnetic tape.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a general flow when a music order is designated and the music is played.

FIG. 33 is a view showing a flowchart of music performance.

FIG. 34 is a view showing a flowchart of musical sound data processing.

FIG. 35 is a view showing a flowchart of a repeat process.

FIGS. 36 (1) to (5) are diagrams each showing an example of a repeat performance and a change of a repeat flag in each example.

FIG. 37 is a display state diagram of the display unit when a memory card is designated.

FIG. 38 is a display state diagram of the display unit when a magnetic tape is designated.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 keyboard 3 switch input unit 5 display unit 6 memory card setting unit 7 interface circuit setting unit 18 R / TM switch 22A play switch 25 memory card 27 key detection unit 28 control unit 29 internal RAM 30 address counter 31 tape recorder 32 magnetic tape 33 MT interface 34 First melody generator 35 Second melody generator 36 Code generator 37 Bass sound generator 38 Rhythm generator 39 Amplifier 40 Speaker 41 Song order memory 42 Random number generator 46 Data judgment unit 47 Sound length register 48 Repeat flag 50 Time counter 51 Address counter 52 Return address register 53 Jump address register 54 Sounding flag

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Takehiko Kayahara 3-2-1, Sakaemachi, Hamura-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo Inside Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Hamura Technical Center (72) Inventor Naofumi Tateishi, Sakaemachi, Hamura-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo 3-2-1, Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Hamura Technical Center (72) Inventor Makoto Fukuda 3-2-1, Sakaemachi, Hamura-cho, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Hamura Technical Center (56) References Special JP-A-57-53793 (JP, A) JP-A-59-189392 (JP, A) JP-A-57-90491 (JP, U) JP-A-59-106200 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A storage means capable of storing music data corresponding to the progress of music, and an interface means for writing and reading a plurality of music data stored in the storage means to and from a writable magnetic storage medium. And a plurality of music data corresponding to the progress of the music are stored,
And mounting means for removably mounting the semiconductor memory can be read music piece data to the apparatus main body, the magnetic storage media and in the semiconductor memory, designating means for selectively specifying either, the magnetic storage Random number generating means for generating a random number designating each of the music data stored in the medium and the semiconductor memory; and random numbers generated from the random number generating means in a form corresponding to a predetermined number of music data reproduction orders. The music order storage means to be stored, the save switch, the load switch, and when the semiconductor memory is designated by the designation means, the mounting is performed based on the random number read in the order stored in the music order storage means. Semiconductor memory attached to the
The music data is read from the memory, and the read music data is stored in the storage means. When the designating means specifies the magnetic storage medium , the save data is read.
By operating the interface unit reads out the music data stored in the storage means in response to the operation of switches, the music data from the magnetic storage medium by operating said interface means in response to the operation of the load switch Control means for performing control for storing in the storage means based on random numbers read out in the order stored in the music order storage means; and automatic performance means for performing automatic performance in accordance with music data stored in the storage means. An automatic performance device, comprising: