JPH04371213A - Deodorizing method for malodorous gas containing hydrogen sulfide of high concentration - Google Patents
Deodorizing method for malodorous gas containing hydrogen sulfide of high concentrationInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04371213A JPH04371213A JP3173402A JP17340291A JPH04371213A JP H04371213 A JPH04371213 A JP H04371213A JP 3173402 A JP3173402 A JP 3173402A JP 17340291 A JP17340291 A JP 17340291A JP H04371213 A JPH04371213 A JP H04371213A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- packed bed
- hydrogen sulfide
- packed
- malodorous
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000605118 Thiobacillus Species 0.000 description 4
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Landscapes
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は悪臭ガスの脱臭方法に係
り、例えば下水処理場、し尿処理場、各種工場から発生
する悪臭ガス、特に高濃度の硫化水素を含む悪臭ガスを
生物学的に脱臭する脱臭方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】従来より、アンモニアや硫化水素等を含
む悪臭ガスを微生物により分解除去する生物学的脱臭方
法がよく知られている。特に硫化水素については、酸性
条件下でも生物学的に脱臭されることが知られている（
特開昭６３−１３０１２３号）。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一般に悪臭ガスには、
硫化水素以外にメチルメルカプタン等の閾値の低い悪臭
成分を含むことが多い。 従って、悪臭ガスを脱臭する
場合、硫化水素はもとより閾値の低いメチルメルカプタ
ン等についても除去する必要がある。
【０００４】従来、アルカリ剤で中和された循環液を悪
臭成分を分解する微生物が付着した充填層へ連続散水す
ると、硫化水素以外にメチルメルカプタン等もよく除去
されることが知られている。 しかし、本発明のよう高
濃度（例えば、５０ｐｐｍ以上）の硫化水素を含む悪臭
ガスに対してこの方法を適用すると、生成するＨ２ＳＯ
４を中和するためのアルカリ剤、例えばＮａＯＨが大量
に必要となり、その結果、運転コストが上昇するという
問題があった。
【０００５】また、下水処理場等の活性汚泥処理水を砂
濾過し、ＳＳを除去した２次処理水を間欠散水する方式
もよく使われている。 しかし、この方式では高濃度の
硫化水素が流入した場合、間欠的に散水されるアルカリ
性の２次処理水のだけでは生成するＳＯ４２− に対し
てアルカリ分の不足が生じるばかりでなく、間欠散水量
や散水のタイミングの設定が非常に困難であった。 そ
して、充填層のｐＨが１未満となると、悪臭成分を分解
除去する微生物の活動が停止し、処理ガス中に大量の硫
化水素が残留するという問題があった。
【０００６】そこで、上記の問題点を解決し、処理性能
の向上、安定化及び運転コストの低減化を可能とする高
濃度の硫化水素を含む悪臭ガスの脱臭方法の提供が求め
られていた。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記の目的を
達成するためのものであり、複数の充填塔のうち、少な
くとも第１段目の充填層を形成した充填塔には、悪臭成
分を分解する微生物を含み、ｐＨが１〜４に調製された
循環液を連続散水し、悪臭成分を分解する微生物が付着
した少なくとも最終段の充填層を形成した充填塔には、
充填層のｐＨを６〜８に維持するように間欠散水するこ
とを特徴とする高濃度の硫化水素を含む悪臭ガスの脱臭
方法である。
【０００８】以下、更に本発明を詳細に説明する。本発
明方法で処理できる悪臭ガスとしては、硫化水素、有機
硫黄化合物、アンモニア、アミン類、フェノール、炭化
水素、有機酸、アルデヒド類の少なくとも一種類以上を
含んだガスである。
【０００９】本発明方法において、少なくとも第１段目
の充填層に散水される循環液は、悪臭成分を分解する微
生物を含み、ｐＨが１〜４のものである。ｐＨを１〜４
に調整すると、循環液のＭＬＶＳＳが２０ｍｌ／ｌ以下
となり、清澄となる。 ここで、ＭＬＶＳＳは強熱減量
を示し、一般には循環水中の微生物量を示すものである
。
【００１０】循環水中に含まれる微生物としては、悪臭
成分を分解する作用を有するものであればいずれでも良
いが、特に硫化水素を酸化するチオバチルス（Ｔｈｉｏ
ｂａｃｉｌｕｓ）属に属する微生物等の硫黄酸化細菌が
好ましい。 これらの微生物は、これを含む循環液の連
続散水により少なくとも第１段目の充填層を流下するが
、この過程で悪臭ガスと気液接触を行ない、主に硫化水
素を除去する。
【００１１】循環液は、硫化水素の酸化により生成する
ＳＯ４２− によって極端にｐＨが低下したり、塩濃度
が上昇することがあるが、このような場合には、ｐＨ調
製や希釈操作をおこなうことが必要になる。 通常、循
環液はそのｐＨが１〜４になるように工業用水で希釈し
たり、活性汚泥処理水からＳＳを除去した２次処理水等
のアルカリ分で調整される。 これらの水は、同時に循
環液の塩濃度を下げるための希釈水として使用できる。
【００１２】循環液の酸性が強くなり、工業用水や２次
処理水のアルカリ分で不足する場合は、補助的に、例え
ばＮａＯＨ等でｐＨ調整することが必要になる。
【００１３】なお、この循環液が酸性であるので、悪臭
ガス成分のうちアルカリ性成分、例えばアンモニア等も
同時に容易に除去できる。
【００１４】本発明の第１段充填層の充填材としては、
ポリプロピレンなどの合成樹脂を成型したハイレックス
やテラレットなど、何れの市販の充填材でも使用するこ
とができるが、充填材内部に連通空間を有し、微生物の
保持が容易で、かつ比表面積が大きいスポンジ充填材が
特に好ましい。
【００１５】第１段充填層で使用するスポンジ充填材の
形状は、セル数（２５ｍｍ直線上のセル気泡数）が５〜
１５のものが好ましい。 また、第１段充填層における
連続散水時の液ガス比は１〜５ ｌ−散水量／ｍ３−処
理ガス量が良い。
【００１６】第１段目の充填層において、例えば、チオ
バチルス属微生物等の硫黄酸化細菌は容易に硫化水素を
酸化するので、少なくとも第一段目の充填層の空塔線速
度（ＬＸ）を０．５ｍ／ｓｅｃ以上、空塔速度（ＳＶ）
１０００ １／ｈ以上とすることが可能となり、脱臭装
置のコンパクト化が可能となる。
【００１７】一方、本発明方法の最終段の充填層は、悪
臭成分を分解する微生物が付着していることが必要であ
るが、このためには運転当初に、例えば活性汚泥を含む
循環液を連続的に散水する必要がある。 一旦充填層に
悪臭成分を分解する微生物が付着した後は、間欠散水を
行なうだけでよい。
【００１８】最終段充填層に対する間欠散水は、当該充
填層のｐＨが６〜８に維持されるよう行なえば良く、一
般には２次処理水が用いられる。 この最終充填層では
、前段の処理ガス中に残留する硫化水素や、前段充填層
で全く除去できなかったメルチルカプタン等を除去する
ことができる。
【００１９】最終充填層の充填材としては、微生物の保
持が容易で比表面積の大きいピート、木炭、木片、樹皮
、活性炭等を用いることができるが、前記の第１充填層
と充填材を統一する意味から、圧力損失の小さいスポン
ジ充填材の使用が好ましい。最終充填層でのスポンジ充
填材の形状は、セル数が１５〜３０のものが良い。また
、最終充填層における間欠散水は、一日当り数回、１回
１０分間程度、上記液ガス比で行うのが良い。
【００２０】前段の処理ガスに生物学的に脱臭しにくい
悪臭成分、例えばメチルメルカプタン、硫化メチルや二
硫化メチルが比較的多く含まれる場合には、被処理ガス
の充填層滞留時間を長くするために、最終充填層のＬＶ
を０．２ｍ／ｓｅｃ以下もしくはＳＶを３００ １／ｈ
以下とすることが好ましく、そうすることにより効率良
く、上記悪臭成分が除去できる。
【００２１】次に本発明方法で用いる装置の一例の概略
断面図を示す図１を用いて本発明を更に説明する。
【００２２】本発明方法を実施するには、まず、図１の
ガス入口部 １ より悪臭成分を含まない空気だけを流
入させ、これをガス出口部 ３ より排出する。 次に
第２水槽 １４ に種汚泥を加え、弁 １７、１９、１
０ を閉じ、弁 １８、２０ を開けて循環液ポンプ
１５ で連続的に最終充填層（第２充填層） ７ へ散
水する。 ほぼ数時間で循環液が清澄となり、活性汚泥
が最終充填層 ７ に付着する。
【００２３】最終充填層 ７ に種汚泥が付着した後、
第１水槽 １３ に活性汚泥を入れて、弁 １８、２０
を閉じ、弁 １７、１９ を開けて、第１充填層 ６
へ循環液ポンプ １５ で連続散水する。 散水を開
始した後、ガス入口部 １ より悪臭ガスを第１充填層
６ へ導入して数日間馴致運転する。 第１水槽 １
３ に投入した活性汚泥には炭素を含む有機物を資化す
る従属栄養細菌と硫黄や窒素を資化する独立栄養細菌と
が含まれているが、低ｐＨに維持されることにより、こ
の馴致期間に活性汚泥中の硫黄酸化細菌（チオバチルス
菌）のみが生存を維持することになる。
【００２４】すなわち、菌体濃度を維持するだけの有機
物が悪臭ガスから供給されないために自己消化し、その
ＭＬＶＳＳ濃度が極端に低下する。 そのかわり、悪臭
ガス中の硫黄を資化する硫黄酸化細菌（チオバチルス）
が増殖する。 従って、循環液は一般の活性汚泥のよう
にフロックを作らず（ＳＳ化しない）、ＭＬＶＳＳ濃度
は上昇しないので、その結果、第１充填塔 ４の循環液
は清澄となる。
【００２５】本発明においては、第１充填層 ６ を介
して循環液と悪臭ガスを接触させることにより、水に溶
けやすく、容易に微生物で分解される硫化水素がまず除
去される。
【００２６】この循環液のｐＨは、１未満にならないよ
うにすることが好ましく、このためには２次処理水を補
給水 ９ として第１水槽 １３ に供給し、同時に循
環液の塩濃度を下げる。もし、２次処理水を連続注入し
ても循環液のｐＨが１未満になる場合は補助的にＮａＯ
Ｈ注入ポンプ １２ によりＮａＯＨを加えて、循環液
のｐＨを１〜４に調製する。
【００２７】第１充填層 ６ で悪臭ガス中のアンモニ
アと硫化水素が除去され、その処理ガス中に残留する微
量の硫化水素と他の悪臭成分であるメチルメルカプタン
等が最終充填層 ７ に付着した微生物により分解され
る。
散水は一日数回程度、タイマーと連動したコントロー
ル弁 １０ により間欠的に行れる。
【００２８】尚、最終充填層 ７ の流入ガス濃度が低
いため、間欠散水でも充分に充填層内のｐＨを中性に維
持することができ、また層内の塩濃度も低く保持される
。
また、３塔以上の充填塔を用いる場合には、第１段目
と最終段との間の充填塔は必要により第１段目あるいは
最終段と同じになるように適宜設定すれば良い。
【００２９】
【実施例】以下に本発明を実施例により具体的に説明す
るが、本発明はなんらこれらの実施例に制約されるもの
ではない。
【００３０】実 施 例 １
図１に示す装置を用い、下水処理場の汚泥濃縮槽の臭気
を悪臭ガスとして本発明方法を実施した。 処理条件を
下記に、処理成績及び薬品コストをそれぞれ第１表及び
第２表に示す。
【００３１】
（１）悪臭ガスの組成と濃度
アンモニア １
ｐｐｍ硫化水素
５０ ｐｐｍメチルメルカプタン
０．８ ｐｐｍ硫化メチル
０．４ ｐｐｍ二硫化メチル
０．０１ ｐｐｍ【００３
２】
（２）処理条件
空塔線速度ＬＶ
０．４ ｍ／ｓｅｃ
ガス温度
２０−２５ ℃ 充填材
第１充填層 スポンジ セル数１３
最終充填層
〃 充填層断
面積 ０．
４４ ｍ２ 充填層高さ 第
１充填層 １ ｍ
最終充填層
１ ｍ 初
期ＭＬＳＳ 第１、第２水槽とも ２０００ ｍｇ／
ｌ 液ガス比 （単位処理ガス量
当りの散水量） 従来法−１ 第１充
填塔、間欠散水、３０ｌ／分×１０分／１時間
最終充填塔、間欠散
水、１０ｌ／分×１０分／６時間 従来
法−２ 第１充填塔、連続散水、 Ｌ／Ｇ ３ ｌ／
ｍ３ 最終充
填塔、間欠散水、１０ｌ／分×１０ 本
発明 従来法−２と同様 なお、
連続散水は循環液を、間欠散水はＭ−アルカリ度１５０
ｍｇ／ｌ（炭酸カルシウム換算）の２次処理水を用いた
。
ｐＨ
従来法−１ 第１充填層出口
ｐＨ１〜３ ２次処理水で調整
最終充填層出口 ｐＨ
６〜８ 従来法−２ 第１充填塔循環
液 ｐＨ６〜８ ＮａＯＨで調整
最終充填層出口
〃 本発明 第１充填
塔循環液 ｐＨ１〜３ ２次処理水とＮａＯＨ
で調整 最
終充填層出口 ｐＨ６〜８ 【００３３】（３
）処理成績
【００３４】（４）薬品コスト
【００３５】このように本発明では
第１段目の充填層をｐＨ１〜４に調整された循環液で連
続散水し、最終の充填層を２次処理水で間欠散水するこ
とで効果的に悪臭成分の除去ができかつ、運転コストの
大部分を占める薬品費（主にＮａＯＨ）の大幅な低減化
が可能となる。
【００３６】
【発明の効果】本発明は第１段目の充填層では、ｐＨ１
〜４の条件で悪臭成分を分解する微生物が有効に硫化水
素等を分解するとともにアルカリ性悪臭を中和し、また
、最終段の充填層では、微生物が中性の条件下で第１段
目で除去されなかった悪臭を更に分解、脱臭する方法で
あるので、高濃度の硫化水素に対しても、その大幅な濃
度変動に対しても、常に安定した処理性能を示し、かつ
運転コストの低減が可能となるものである。Detailed Description of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a method for deodorizing malodorous gases, such as malodorous gases generated from sewage treatment plants, human waste treatment plants, and various factories, especially high-concentration sulfide. The present invention relates to a deodorizing method for biologically deodorizing a malodorous gas containing hydrogen. [0002] Conventionally, biological deodorization methods have been well known in which malodorous gases containing ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc. are decomposed and removed by microorganisms. In particular, hydrogen sulfide is known to be biologically deodorized even under acidic conditions (
(Japanese Patent Publication No. 130123/1983). Problems to be Solved by the Invention Generally, malodorous gases include:
In addition to hydrogen sulfide, it often contains malodor components with low thresholds such as methyl mercaptan. Therefore, when deodorizing malodorous gas, it is necessary to remove not only hydrogen sulfide but also methyl mercaptan, which has a low threshold value. [0004] Conventionally, it has been known that when circulating fluid neutralized with an alkaline agent is continuously sprinkled onto a packed bed in which microorganisms that decompose malodorous components are attached, methyl mercaptan and the like in addition to hydrogen sulfide are effectively removed. However, when this method is applied to a malodorous gas containing hydrogen sulfide at a high concentration (for example, 50 ppm or more) as in the present invention, the H2SO produced
A large amount of an alkaline agent such as NaOH is required to neutralize 4, resulting in an increase in operating costs. [0005] Also, a method is often used in which activated sludge treated water from a sewage treatment plant or the like is filtered with sand and secondary treated water from which SS has been removed is sprinkled intermittently. However, with this method, when high concentration hydrogen sulfide flows in, the alkaline secondary treated water that is sprinkled intermittently will not only cause a lack of alkaline content for the SO42- produced, but also reduce the amount of intermittent watering. It was extremely difficult to set the timing of irrigation and watering. When the pH of the packed bed becomes less than 1, the activity of microorganisms that decompose and remove malodorous components stops, resulting in a problem that a large amount of hydrogen sulfide remains in the treated gas. [0006]Therefore, it has been desired to provide a method for deodorizing a malodorous gas containing a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide, which solves the above problems and makes it possible to improve and stabilize treatment performance and reduce operating costs. Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is intended to achieve the above object, and among a plurality of packed columns, at least a packed column in which a first stage packed bed is formed has a A packed tower is continuously sprayed with a circulating liquid containing microorganisms that decompose malodorous components and whose pH is adjusted to 1 to 4, to form at least a final stage packed bed to which microorganisms that decompose malodorous components are attached.
This is a method for deodorizing malodorous gas containing high concentration hydrogen sulfide, which is characterized by intermittent water sprinkling to maintain the pH of the packed bed at 6 to 8. The present invention will be explained in further detail below. The malodorous gas that can be treated by the method of the present invention is a gas containing at least one of hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compounds, ammonia, amines, phenol, hydrocarbons, organic acids, and aldehydes. In the method of the present invention, the circulating fluid sprayed onto at least the first packed bed contains microorganisms that decompose malodorous components and has a pH of 1 to 4. pH 1-4
When adjusted to , the MLVSS of the circulating fluid becomes 20 ml/l or less, making it clear. Here, MLVSS indicates loss on ignition, and generally indicates the amount of microorganisms in circulating water. [0010] The microorganisms contained in the circulating water may be any microorganisms as long as they have the ability to decompose malodorous components, but in particular Thiobacillus, which oxidizes hydrogen sulfide, can be used.
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria such as microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus are preferred. These microorganisms flow down at least the first packed bed by continuous sprinkling of the circulating fluid containing them, and in this process, they come into gas-liquid contact with the malodorous gas and mainly remove hydrogen sulfide. [0011] The pH of the circulating fluid may be extremely lowered or the salt concentration may increase due to SO42- produced by the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide. In such cases, pH adjustment and dilution operations should be carried out. is required. Usually, the circulating fluid is diluted with industrial water to have a pH of 1 to 4, or adjusted with alkaline content such as secondary treated water from which SS has been removed from activated sludge treated water. These waters can simultaneously be used as dilution water to reduce the salt concentration of the circulating fluid. [0012] When the acidity of the circulating fluid becomes strong and the alkaline content of industrial water or secondary treated water is insufficient, it is necessary to supplementally adjust the pH with, for example, NaOH. [0013] Since this circulating fluid is acidic, alkaline components such as ammonia among malodorous gas components can also be easily removed at the same time. [0014] As the filler for the first stage packed bed of the present invention,
Any commercially available filler, such as Hylex or Terraret, which are molded from synthetic resin such as polypropylene, can be used, but the filler has a communicating space inside, which makes it easy to retain microorganisms, and has a large specific surface area. Sponge fillers are particularly preferred. [0015] The shape of the sponge filling material used in the first stage filling layer has a cell number (number of cell bubbles on a 25 mm straight line) of 5 to 5.
15 is preferred. Further, the liquid-gas ratio during continuous water sprinkling in the first stage packed bed is preferably 1 to 5 l-water sprinkling amount/m3-processing gas amount. In the first-stage packed bed, for example, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria such as microorganisms of the genus Thiobacillus easily oxidize hydrogen sulfide, so at least the superficial linear velocity (LX) of the first-stage packed bed is reduced to 0. .5m/sec or more, superficial velocity (SV)
1000 1/h or more, and the deodorizing device can be made more compact. On the other hand, the packed bed in the final stage of the method of the present invention needs to be attached with microorganisms that decompose malodorous components, but for this purpose, at the beginning of operation, for example, circulating fluid containing activated sludge is Continuous watering is required. Once microorganisms that decompose malodorous components have adhered to the packed bed, it is only necessary to perform intermittent watering. [0018] Intermittent water sprinkling to the final packed bed may be carried out so as to maintain the pH of the packed bed at 6 to 8, and generally secondary treated water is used. In this final packed bed, it is possible to remove hydrogen sulfide remaining in the process gas in the previous stage and mertylcaptan, etc., which could not be removed at all in the previous stage packed bed. As the filler for the final packed layer, peat, charcoal, wood chips, bark, activated carbon, etc., which can easily retain microorganisms and have a large specific surface area, can be used. For this reason, it is preferable to use a sponge filler with low pressure loss. The shape of the sponge filling material in the final filling layer is preferably one having 15 to 30 cells. Further, intermittent watering in the final packed bed is preferably carried out several times a day for about 10 minutes each time at the above-mentioned liquid-gas ratio. [0020] When the gas to be treated in the first stage contains a relatively large amount of malodorous components that are difficult to deodorize biologically, such as methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and methyl disulfide, in order to prolong the residence time of the gas to be treated in the packed bed, , the LV of the final packed bed
0.2m/sec or less or SV 300 1/h
The following is preferable, and by doing so, the above-mentioned malodorous components can be efficiently removed. Next, the present invention will be further explained with reference to FIG. 1, which shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of an apparatus used in the method of the present invention. To carry out the method of the present invention, first, only air containing no malodorous components is introduced through the gas inlet 1 in FIG. 1, and then discharged through the gas outlet 3. Next, add seed sludge to the second water tank 14, and apply the valves 17, 19, 1.
Close valve 0, open valves 18 and 20, and start the circulating fluid pump.
Water is continuously sprinkled onto the final packed bed (second packed bed) at 15°C. The circulating fluid becomes clear in approximately several hours, and activated sludge adheres to the final packed bed 7. After the seed sludge has adhered to the final packed bed 7,
Pour activated sludge into the first water tank 13 and close the valves 18 and 20.
is closed, valves 17 and 19 are opened, and the first packed bed 6 is opened.
Continuously water the area using the circulating fluid pump 15. After starting watering, malodorous gas is introduced into the first packed bed 6 from the gas inlet 1 and acclimatized for several days. 1st water tank 1
The activated sludge introduced in step 3 contains heterotrophic bacteria that assimilate carbon-containing organic matter and autotrophic bacteria that assimilate sulfur and nitrogen. Only sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thiobacillus) in activated sludge survive. [0024] That is, since organic matter sufficient to maintain the bacterial cell concentration is not supplied from the foul-smelling gas, self-digestion occurs, resulting in an extremely low MLVSS concentration. Instead, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (Thiobacillus) assimilates sulfur from malodorous gases.
will proliferate. Therefore, unlike general activated sludge, the circulating liquid does not form flocs (does not become SS) and the MLVSS concentration does not increase, so that the circulating liquid in the first packed column 4 becomes clear. In the present invention, by bringing the circulating fluid into contact with the malodorous gas through the first packed bed 6, hydrogen sulfide, which is easily soluble in water and easily decomposed by microorganisms, is first removed. It is preferable that the pH of this circulating fluid does not become less than 1, and for this purpose, the secondary treated water is supplied as make-up water 9 to the first water tank 13 and at the same time the salt concentration of the circulating fluid is lowered. . If the pH of the circulating fluid remains below 1 even after continuously injecting the secondary treated water, supplement with NaO
NaOH is added using the H injection pump 12 to adjust the pH of the circulating fluid to 1-4. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the malodorous gas were removed in the first packed bed 6, and trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide remaining in the treated gas and other malodorous components such as methyl mercaptan adhered to the final packed bed 7. Decomposed by microorganisms. Watering can be performed intermittently several times a day using a control valve 10 linked to a timer. [0028] Since the inflow gas concentration in the final packed bed 7 is low, the pH in the packed bed can be sufficiently maintained at neutrality even with intermittent watering, and the salt concentration in the bed can also be kept low. Further, when using three or more packed columns, the packed column between the first stage and the final stage may be appropriately set to be the same as the first stage or the final stage, if necessary. [Examples] The present invention will be explained in detail below using Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples in any way. Example 1 Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the method of the present invention was carried out using the odor of a sludge thickening tank in a sewage treatment plant as a malodorous gas. The treatment conditions are shown below, and the treatment results and chemical costs are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. (1) Composition and concentration of malodorous gas Ammonia 1
ppm hydrogen sulfide
50 ppm methyl mercaptan
0.8 ppm methyl sulfide
0.4 ppm methyl disulfide
0.01 ppm 003
2] (2) Processing conditions Superficial linear velocity LV
0.4 m/sec
gas temperature
20-25℃ filler
1st filling layer sponge cell number 13
Final packed bed 〃 Filled bed cross-sectional area 0.
44 m2 Filled bed height 1st packed bed 1 m
Final packed layer
1 m Initial MLSS 2000 mg/in both 1st and 2nd tanks
l Liquid-gas ratio (amount of water sprinkling per unit amount of gas processed) Conventional method-1 First packed tower, intermittent water sprinkling, 30 l/min x 10 min/1 hour
Final packed tower, intermittent water sprinkling, 10 l/min x 10 min/6 hours Conventional method-2 First packed tower, continuous water sprinkling, L/G 3 l/
m3 Final packed tower, intermittent watering, 10 l/min x 10 Same as conventional method-2.
Continuous watering uses circulating fluid, intermittent watering uses M-alkalinity 150
mg/l (calcium carbonate equivalent) of secondary treated water was used. pH Conventional method-1 1st packed bed outlet
pH1-3 Adjusted with secondary treated water
Final packed bed outlet pH
6-8 Conventional method-2 First packed column circulating liquid pH 6-8 Adjusted with NaOH
Final packed bed outlet
〃 This invention First packed column circulating liquid pH 1 to 3 Secondary treated water and NaOH
Adjust with Final packed bed outlet pH 6-8 0033](3
) Treatment results (4) Chemical costs As described above, in the present invention, the first packed bed is continuously watered with circulating liquid adjusted to pH 1 to 4, and the final packed bed is subjected to secondary treatment. By intermittent sprinkling with water, malodorous components can be effectively removed, and chemical costs (mainly NaOH), which account for most of the operating costs, can be significantly reduced. [0036] Effect of the invention: In the first stage packed bed, the pH is 1.
Under conditions 4 to 4, microorganisms that decompose malodorous components effectively decompose hydrogen sulfide, etc., and neutralize alkaline malodors. This method further decomposes and deodorizes the odor that has not been removed, so it always shows stable treatment performance even with high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and large fluctuations in concentration, and reduces operating costs. It is possible.
【図１】 本発明方法で用いる装置の一例を示す概略
断面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an apparatus used in the method of the present invention.
１ ガス入口部 １１ ２次処理
水２ 連絡管 １２ Ｎ
ａＯＨ注入ポンプ３ ガス出口部
１３ 第１水槽４ 第１充填塔
１４ 第２水槽５ 最終充填塔
１５ 循環液ポンプ６ 第１充填層
１６ ドレン７ 最終充填層
１７ 操作弁８ 散水部
１８ 操作弁９ 補給水
１９ 操作弁１０ コントロール弁
２０ 操作弁以 上1 Gas inlet 11 Secondary treated water 2 Communication pipe 12 N
aOH injection pump 3 gas outlet
13 First water tank 4 First packed tower
14 Second water tank 5 Final packed tower
15 Circulating fluid pump 6 First packed bed
16 Drain 7 Final packed layer
17 Operation valve 8 Water spray section
18 Operation valve 9 Make-up water
19 Operation valve 10 Control valve
20 operation valves or more
Claims (1)
を脱臭する方法において、少なくとも第１段目の充填層
を形成した充填塔には、悪臭成分を分解する微生物を含
み、ｐＨが１〜４に調製された循環液を連続散水し、悪
臭成分を分解する微生物が付着した少なくとも最終段の
充填層を形成した充填塔には、充填層のｐＨを６〜８に
維持するように間欠散水することを特徴とする高濃度の
硫化水素を含む悪臭ガスの脱臭方法。Claim 1: In a method for biologically deodorizing malodors using a plurality of packed towers, the packed tower forming at least the first stage packed bed contains microorganisms that decompose malodorous components, and the pH is The pH of the packed bed is maintained at 6 to 8 by continuously sprinkling the circulating fluid prepared at pH 1 to 4 to the packed tower that has formed at least the final stage packed bed to which microorganisms that decompose malodorous components are attached. A method for deodorizing foul-smelling gas containing high concentration hydrogen sulfide, which is characterized by intermittent water sprinkling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3173402A JPH04371213A (en) | 1991-06-19 | 1991-06-19 | Deodorizing method for malodorous gas containing hydrogen sulfide of high concentration |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3173402A JPH04371213A (en) | 1991-06-19 | 1991-06-19 | Deodorizing method for malodorous gas containing hydrogen sulfide of high concentration |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04371213A true JPH04371213A (en) | 1992-12-24 |
Family
ID=15959757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3173402A Pending JPH04371213A (en) | 1991-06-19 | 1991-06-19 | Deodorizing method for malodorous gas containing hydrogen sulfide of high concentration |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04371213A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06226033A (en) * | 1993-02-02 | 1994-08-16 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Biological deodorizing method |
| JP2007167746A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Ebara Corp | Biological deodorizing apparatus and biological deodorizing method |
| JP2012232292A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-11-29 | Ihi Corp | Absorption tower, and biological deodorization apparatus using the same |
| JP2015167870A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-28 | 株式会社東芝 | Biological deodorization apparatus and biological deodorization method |
| JP2016002538A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-01-12 | 株式会社ニチボー環境エンジニアリング | Deodorization apparatus |
| CN106946360A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-14 | 上海梅思泰克环境股份有限公司 | The rapid biofilm of bio-filtration deodorization device starts method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01315316A (en) * | 1988-06-16 | 1989-12-20 | Nkk Corp | Process and device for deodorizing gas |
| JPH0226615A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1990-01-29 | Fuso Yunitetsuku Kk | Desulfurization apparatus for digester gas |
-
1991
- 1991-06-19 JP JP3173402A patent/JPH04371213A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01315316A (en) * | 1988-06-16 | 1989-12-20 | Nkk Corp | Process and device for deodorizing gas |
| JPH0226615A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1990-01-29 | Fuso Yunitetsuku Kk | Desulfurization apparatus for digester gas |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06226033A (en) * | 1993-02-02 | 1994-08-16 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Biological deodorizing method |
| JP2007167746A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Ebara Corp | Biological deodorizing apparatus and biological deodorizing method |
| JP4614875B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2011-01-19 | 荏原エンジニアリングサービス株式会社 | Biological deodorization equipment |
| JP2012232292A (en) * | 2011-04-18 | 2012-11-29 | Ihi Corp | Absorption tower, and biological deodorization apparatus using the same |
| JP2015167870A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2015-09-28 | 株式会社東芝 | Biological deodorization apparatus and biological deodorization method |
| JP2016002538A (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-01-12 | 株式会社ニチボー環境エンジニアリング | Deodorization apparatus |
| CN106946360A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-14 | 上海梅思泰克环境股份有限公司 | The rapid biofilm of bio-filtration deodorization device starts method |
| CN106946360B (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2021-02-26 | 上海梅思泰克环境股份有限公司 | Quick biofilm formation starting method of biological trickling filtration deodorization device |
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