JP2002079051A - Method for deodorizing hydrogen sulfide containing gas - Google Patents
Method for deodorizing hydrogen sulfide containing gasInfo
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- JP2002079051A JP2002079051A JP2000273474A JP2000273474A JP2002079051A JP 2002079051 A JP2002079051 A JP 2002079051A JP 2000273474 A JP2000273474 A JP 2000273474A JP 2000273474 A JP2000273474 A JP 2000273474A JP 2002079051 A JP2002079051 A JP 2002079051A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen sulfide
- gas
- tower
- alkali
- biological desulfurization
- Prior art date
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は硫化水素含有ガスの
脱硫方法に係り、特に、下水、し尿、産業排水、汚泥、
ゴミ等の有機性物質の嫌気性微生物消化により発生する
硫化水素を含有する消化ガスから、硫化水素を効率的に
除去するための方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for desulfurizing a gas containing hydrogen sulfide, and more particularly to a method for desulfurizing sewage, night soil, industrial waste water, sludge, and the like.
The present invention relates to a method for efficiently removing hydrogen sulfide from digestive gas containing hydrogen sulfide generated by anaerobic digestion of organic substances such as garbage.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、下水、し尿、産業排水等の排水、
又は汚泥、ゴミ等の固形廃棄物などの有機性物質の処理
法として、嫌気性微生物消化（嫌気性消化）法がある。
嫌気性消化法においてメタン発酵により発生するメタン
を含む消化ガス（バイオガス）は、通常、エネルギー回
収の目的で、ボイラや焼却炉の燃料などとして有効利用
されている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, wastewater such as sewage, human waste, industrial wastewater,
Alternatively, as a method for treating organic substances such as solid waste such as sludge and garbage, there is an anaerobic microorganism digestion (anaerobic digestion) method.
Digestion gas (biogas) containing methane generated by methane fermentation in anaerobic digestion is usually effectively used as fuel for boilers and incinerators for the purpose of energy recovery.
【０００３】しかし、消化ガス中には、メタンの他、二
酸化炭素、硫化水素等が含まれていることから、ボイラ
や焼却炉の燃料等として有効利用するに当っては、設備
機器の腐食や大気汚染を防止する目的で含有される硫化
水素を除去（脱硫）する必要がある。However, since digested gas contains carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and the like, in addition to methane, when effectively used as fuel for boilers and incinerators, corrosion and damage to equipment and the like occur. It is necessary to remove (desulfurize) hydrogen sulfide contained for the purpose of preventing air pollution.
【０００４】従来、消化ガスの脱硫方法として、水酸化
ナトリウム等のアルカリに硫化水素を吸収させるアルカ
リ吸収法が提案されているが、アルカリ吸収法は薬品使
用量が多く、ランニングコストが高いという欠点があ
る。Heretofore, as a method for desulfurizing digestive gas, an alkali absorption method in which hydrogen sulfide is absorbed by an alkali such as sodium hydroxide has been proposed. However, the alkali absorption method has a drawback in that a large amount of chemical is used and the running cost is high. There is.
【０００５】これに対して、硫化水素を微生物により酸
化分解して除去する生物脱硫法であれば、比較的低コス
トにて処理を行うことができる。従来、生物脱硫法によ
る消化ガスの脱硫装置として、硫化物を微生物によって
酸化分解する生物脱硫塔と、該生物脱硫塔内に散水する
散水手段と、被処理ガスを該生物脱硫塔に導入する手段
と、処理ガスを該生物脱硫塔から排出する手段と、該生
物脱硫塔から排水する排水手段と、前記排水手段から排
出された生物脱硫塔排水を曝気処理する曝気槽と、該曝
気槽の曝気処理液を膜濾過する膜濾過装置と、該膜濾過
装置の濃縮水を前記散水手段に送給する手段とを備えて
なるものが提案されている（特開平９−２６２４２９号
公報）。[0005] On the other hand, a biological desulfurization method in which hydrogen sulfide is oxidatively decomposed and removed by microorganisms can perform the treatment at a relatively low cost. Conventionally, as a desulfurization device for digestion gas by a biological desulfurization method, a biological desulfurization tower for oxidatively decomposing sulfides by microorganisms, a water sprinkling means for spraying water into the biological desulfurization tower, and a means for introducing a gas to be treated into the biological desulfurization tower Means for discharging the processing gas from the biological desulfurization tower, drainage means for draining from the biological desulfurization tower, an aeration tank for aerating the wastewater from the biological desulfurization tower discharged from the drainage means, and aeration of the aeration tank. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-262429 proposes a device comprising a membrane filtration device for membrane-filtering a treatment liquid and a means for feeding concentrated water from the membrane filtration device to the water spraying means.
【０００６】この硫化物含有ガスの脱硫装置において、
生物脱硫塔における硫化物の生物脱硫、例えば、硫化水
素を酸化分解する微生物が担持された充填材層を有する
生物脱硫塔における硫化水素の生物脱硫は、次のように
して行われる。[0006] In this sulfide-containing gas desulfurization apparatus,
The biological desulfurization of sulfide in a biological desulfurization tower, for example, the biological desulfurization of hydrogen sulfide in a biological desulfurization tower having a filler layer carrying microorganisms that oxidatively decompose hydrogen sulfide is performed as follows.
【０００７】即ち、生物脱硫塔内に導入された被処理ガ
ス中の硫化水素が充填材の表面の水に吸収される。そし
て、微生物が塔内に散水された水中の溶存酸素を利用し
てこの硫化水素の大部分を硫酸にまで完全に酸化分解す
る。硫化水素の酸化分解で生成した硫酸及び未分解の硫
化水素は生物脱硫塔排水中に含有されて排出されるが、
この生物脱硫塔排水中には、硫酸及び硫化水素と共に、
充填材層で増殖し、散水により流出した微生物が含有さ
れている。That is, hydrogen sulfide in the gas to be treated introduced into the biological desulfurization tower is absorbed by water on the surface of the filler. Then, microorganisms completely oxidize and decompose most of the hydrogen sulfide to sulfuric acid using dissolved oxygen in the water sprinkled in the tower. Sulfuric acid generated by the oxidative decomposition of hydrogen sulfide and undecomposed hydrogen sulfide are contained in the wastewater from the biological desulfurization tower and discharged.
In this biological desulfurization tower drainage, along with sulfuric acid and hydrogen sulfide,
Contains microorganisms that grew in the filler layer and flowed out by watering.
【０００８】この生物脱硫塔排水は曝気槽で曝気される
ことにより空気（酸素）が吹き込まれ、排水中の未分解
の硫化水素がこの曝気槽内で酸化分解され、また、水中
の酸素が飽和する。そして、この溶存酸素を十分に含む
曝気処理液は、膜濾過装置で膜濾過され、硫酸、その他
の溶解成分を含む膜濾過水が系外へ排出される。一方、
生物脱硫塔から流出した微生物が濃縮され、また、曝気
による溶存酸素を多量に含む濃縮水は返送されて生物脱
硫塔に散水される。[0008] Air (oxygen) is blown into the wastewater from the biological desulfurization tower by aeration in an aeration tank, and undecomposed hydrogen sulfide in the wastewater is oxidatively decomposed in the aeration tank, and oxygen in the water is saturated. I do. Then, the aeration treatment liquid sufficiently containing dissolved oxygen is subjected to membrane filtration by a membrane filtration device, and membrane filtration water containing sulfuric acid and other dissolved components is discharged out of the system. on the other hand,
The microorganisms flowing out of the biological desulfurization tower are concentrated, and concentrated water containing a large amount of dissolved oxygen due to aeration is returned and sprinkled on the biological desulfurization tower.
【０００９】このように、膜濾過で生物脱硫塔から流出
した微生物が濃縮されると共に、曝気により多量の溶存
酸素が吹き込まれた水を散水するため、酸素を含まない
消化ガスであっても完全に酸化分解して、効率的に生物
脱硫処理することができる。As described above, the microorganisms flowing out of the biological desulfurization tower by the membrane filtration are concentrated, and the water into which a large amount of dissolved oxygen has been blown by aeration is sprinkled. Oxidatively decomposes to a biological desulfurization treatment.
【００１０】なお、この脱硫装置では、生物脱硫塔の散
水中の溶存酸素を生物脱硫の酸素源としており、十分な
脱硫を行うために散水量を比較的多くする必要がある。
このためには例えば、充填材層を設けた生物脱硫塔にお
いて、充填材として比較的大きさの大きいものを用いる
必要がある。このように粗大な充填材を用い、多量の散
水を行うと、微生物は特に充填材から剥離し易くなり、
生物脱硫塔からの微生物の流出量が多くなるが、この流
出した微生物は膜濾過装置で濃縮されて循環されるた
め、微生物の流失を防止して効率的な生物脱硫を行うこ
とができる。In this desulfurization apparatus, dissolved oxygen in water sprayed from the biological desulfurization tower is used as an oxygen source for biological desulfurization, and the amount of water sprayed needs to be relatively large in order to perform sufficient desulfurization.
For this purpose, for example, in a biological desulfurization tower provided with a filler layer, it is necessary to use a relatively large filler as the filler. When using such a coarse filler and spraying a large amount of water, microorganisms are particularly easy to peel off from the filler,
Although the amount of microorganisms flowing out of the biological desulfurization tower increases, the microorganisms that have flowed out are concentrated and circulated in the membrane filtration device, so that the microorganisms can be prevented from flowing out and efficient biological desulfurization can be performed.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記生
物脱硫法では、消化ガス等の硫化水素含有ガス中の硫化
水素を除去して硫化水素濃度５００ｐｐｍ以下の処理ガ
スを得るためには、大容量の設備が必要となり、工業的
に不利である。However, in the above-mentioned biological desulfurization method, in order to remove hydrogen sulfide in a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas such as a digestive gas to obtain a processing gas having a hydrogen sulfide concentration of 500 ppm or less, a large volume of gas is required. Equipment is required, which is industrially disadvantageous.
【００１２】一方、アルカリ吸収法では、前述の如く、
アルカリ使用量が多いことから、特に、この方法で高濃
度の硫化水素含有ガスを処理すると、大量のアルカリが
必要となり、経済的に不利である。On the other hand, in the alkali absorption method, as described above,
Since a large amount of alkali is used, particularly when a high-concentration hydrogen sulfide-containing gas is treated by this method, a large amount of alkali is required, which is economically disadvantageous.
【００１３】本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決し、硫化
水素含有ガスを大容量の設備を必要とすることなく、ま
た多量のアルカリを使用することなく、低コストで効率
的に処理して、硫化水素濃度の低い処理ガスを得ること
ができる硫化水素含有ガスの脱硫方法を提供することを
目的とする。[0013] The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and efficiently processes hydrogen sulfide-containing gas at low cost without requiring a large-capacity facility and without using a large amount of alkali. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for desulfurizing a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas that can obtain a processing gas having a low hydrogen sulfide concentration.
【００１４】[0014]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の硫化水素含有ガ
スの脱硫方法は、硫化水素を含む原ガスを活性汚泥、生
物処理水又は工水と接触させて、原ガス中の硫化水素を
粗取りする一次脱硫工程と、該一次脱硫工程の処理ガス
を湿式又は乾式でアルカリと接触させてガス中に残留す
る硫化水素を除去する二次脱硫工程とを有することを特
徴とする。According to the method for desulfurizing a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas of the present invention, a raw gas containing hydrogen sulfide is brought into contact with activated sludge, biologically treated water or industrial water to roughly remove hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas. And a secondary desulfurization step of removing the hydrogen sulfide remaining in the gas by bringing the processing gas in the primary desulfurization step into contact with an alkali in a wet or dry manner.
【００１５】本発明においては、一次脱硫工程で生物脱
硫法により原ガス中の硫化水素を粗取りした後、二次脱
硫工程でアルカリ吸収法により残留する硫化水素を除去
するため、一次脱硫工程においては、硫化水素を高度に
除去するための大容量な設備を必要とすることなく、ま
た、二次脱硫工程では、残留する少量の硫化水素を除去
するのみで良いことから、少量のアルカリ使用量で高度
な脱硫を行って、低硫化水素濃度の処理ガスを得ること
ができる。In the present invention, in the primary desulfurization step, hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas is roughly removed by a biological desulfurization step, and the remaining hydrogen sulfide is removed by an alkali absorption method in a secondary desulfurization step. Does not require a large-capacity facility to remove hydrogen sulfide to a high degree, and it is only necessary to remove a small amount of residual hydrogen sulfide in the secondary desulfurization step. To perform a high-level desulfurization to obtain a processing gas having a low hydrogen sulfide concentration.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に図面を参照して実施の形態
を詳細に説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
【００１７】図１は本発明の硫化水素含有ガスの脱硫方
法の実施の形態を示す系統図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of the method for desulfurizing a gas containing hydrogen sulfide according to the present invention.
【００１８】図１において、１は生物脱硫塔であり、硫
化水素を酸化分解する微生物が担持された充填材層２が
内部に設けられており、また、この充填材層２に散水す
る散水ノズル３が充填材層２の上方に取り付けられてい
る。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a biological desulfurization tower, in which a filler layer 2 carrying microorganisms that oxidatively decompose hydrogen sulfide is provided, and a watering nozzle for watering the filler layer 2 3 is mounted above the filler layer 2.
【００１９】４はアルカリ吸収塔であり、内部に気液接
触効率の向上のための充填材層５が設けられており、ま
た、この充填材層５に散水する散水ノズル６が設けられ
ている。Reference numeral 4 denotes an alkali absorption tower, in which a filler layer 5 for improving gas-liquid contact efficiency is provided, and a water spray nozzle 6 for spraying water on the filler layer 5 is provided. .
【００２０】消化ガス等の硫化水素を含有する原ガス
は、配管１１より、まず、この生物脱硫塔１の下部に導
入され、原ガス中の硫化水素は充填材の表面の水に吸収
され、充填材に担持された微生物が、配管１２より塔内
に導入され、散水ノズル３より散水された生物吸収液中
の溶存酸素を利用してこの硫化水素の大部分を硫酸にま
で完全に酸化分解し、処理ガスは生物脱硫塔１の上部の
配管１４より後段のアルカリ吸収塔４に送給される。硫
化水素の酸化分解で生成した硫酸及び未分解の硫化水素
を吸収した吸収排液は配管１３より排出され、曝気槽
（図示せず）に導入されて生物処理される。A raw gas containing hydrogen sulfide, such as a digestive gas, is first introduced into a lower portion of the biological desulfurization tower 1 through a pipe 11, and the hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas is absorbed by water on the surface of the filler. Microorganisms supported by the filler are introduced into the tower through the pipe 12, and most of the hydrogen sulfide is completely oxidized and decomposed to sulfuric acid by using dissolved oxygen in the biological absorbing solution sprinkled through the sprinkling nozzle 3. Then, the processing gas is supplied to the alkali absorption tower 4 at the subsequent stage from the pipe 14 above the biological desulfurization tower 1. The absorbed wastewater that has absorbed sulfuric acid generated by the oxidative decomposition of hydrogen sulfide and undecomposed hydrogen sulfide is discharged from the pipe 13 and introduced into an aeration tank (not shown) for biological treatment.
【００２１】生物脱硫塔１の充填材としては、特に制限
はないが、多孔性焼結物、プラスチック、コークス、ス
ポンジなど、微生物が担持されやすく、表面積が大き
く、通気性、排水性が良いものが適当である。なお、本
発明においては、前述の如く、散水量を比較的多くする
ために、この充填材は比較的大きさの大きいものである
ことが好ましく、一般的には直径５〜６０ｍｍ，高さ１
０〜６０ｍｍの円柱又は円筒形、或いは２０〜５０ｍｍ
×２０〜５０ｍｍ×２０〜５０ｍｍの塊状であることが
好ましい。また、その充填量は生物脱硫塔１の有効容積
の５０〜８０％程度とするのが好ましい。The filler for the biological desulfurization tower 1 is not particularly limited, but may be a porous sintered product, plastic, coke, sponge, or the like, which is easy to carry microorganisms, has a large surface area, and has good air permeability and drainage. Is appropriate. In the present invention, as described above, in order to relatively increase the amount of water sprayed, the filler is preferably relatively large in size, and generally has a diameter of 5 to 60 mm and a height of 1 mm.
0-60mm column or cylinder, or 20-50mm
It is preferable that it is a lump of 20 to 50 mm x 20 to 50 mm. Further, it is preferable that the filling amount is about 50 to 80% of the effective volume of the biological desulfurization tower 1.
【００２２】生物脱硫塔１に供給する生物吸収液として
は、生物処理水や工水等を使用することができる。特に
活性汚泥処理水であれば、そのアルカリ度（通常ｐＨ６
〜８程度）にてアルカリを補給し、かつＳＳ濃度が数ｍ
ｇ／Ｌ〜３０ｍｇ／Ｌと低いので充填材２の目詰まりを
防ぎ、吸収液のｐＨ低下に対する緩衝作用もある上に、
硫黄酸化細菌への最小限の栄養源（窒素、リン、ミネラ
ル等）の供給を補完できることから好ましい。As the biological absorption liquid to be supplied to the biological desulfurization tower 1, biologically treated water or industrial water can be used. Particularly, in the case of activated sludge treated water, its alkalinity (usually pH 6
~ 8) and replenish the alkali and SS concentration is several m
g / L to 30 mg / L, so that clogging of the filler 2 is prevented, and there is a buffering action against a decrease in pH of the absorbing solution.
It is preferred because it can supplement the supply of minimal nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, minerals, etc.) to sulfur oxidizing bacteria.
【００２３】散水により生物脱硫に必要とされる酸素を
十分に供給するための散水量、即ち、散水ノズル３に送
給される水量は、装置の規模や原ガスの硫化水素濃度及
び処理量等によっても異なるが、一般的には、原ガスの
通ガス速度がＳＶ１０〜２０ｈｒ−１の場合に、液ガス
比０．４〜０．８程度とするのが好ましい。The amount of water required to sufficiently supply oxygen required for biological desulfurization by water spraying, that is, the amount of water supplied to the watering nozzle 3 depends on the scale of the apparatus, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas, the throughput, etc. Generally, it is preferable to set the liquid gas ratio to about 0.4 to 0.8 when the flow rate of the raw gas is SV 10 to 20 hr -1 .
【００２４】なお、図１においては、充填材に微生物を
担持した生物脱硫塔を例示したが、生物脱硫塔は、この
ような充填塔に限らず漏れ棚塔であっても良い。Although FIG. 1 illustrates a biological desulfurization tower in which microorganisms are supported on a packing material, the biological desulfurization tower is not limited to such a packed tower and may be a leaking shelf tower.
【００２５】本発明では、このような生物脱硫処理によ
り、原ガス中の硫化水素の８０〜９５％を除去し、硫化
水素濃度１００〜５００ｐｐｍ程度の一次脱硫処理ガス
を得、これを後段のアルカリ吸収塔４に送給して一次脱
硫処理を行うのが好ましい。In the present invention, by such a biological desulfurization treatment, 80 to 95% of hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas is removed, and a primary desulfurization treatment gas having a hydrogen sulfide concentration of about 100 to 500 ppm is obtained. It is preferable to perform the primary desulfurization treatment by feeding to the absorption tower 4.
【００２６】アルカリ吸収塔４では、配管１４より塔下
部に導入された生物脱硫塔１からの一次脱硫処理ガス
が、配管１５から導入され、散水ノズル６より散水され
るアルカリ吸収液と塔内で向流接触し、ガス中になお残
留する硫化水素がアルカリ吸収液に吸収除去され、処理
ガスは塔上部の配管１７より系外へ排出され、ボイラ、
燃焼炉等の使用場所へ送給される。In the alkali absorption tower 4, the primary desulfurization treatment gas from the biological desulfurization tower 1 introduced into the lower part of the tower from the pipe 14 is introduced from the pipe 15, and is mixed with the alkali absorbing liquid sprayed from the water spray nozzle 6 and inside the tower. The countercurrent contact, the hydrogen sulfide still remaining in the gas is absorbed and removed by the alkali absorbing solution, and the processing gas is discharged out of the system through the pipe 17 at the top of the tower, and the boiler,
It is sent to the place of use such as a combustion furnace.
【００２７】一方、硫化水素を吸収した吸収排液は塔下
部の配管１６より系外へ排出される。この吸収排液は、
一次脱硫工程のｐＨ調整剤として利用可能である。On the other hand, the absorbed effluent having absorbed hydrogen sulfide is discharged out of the system through a pipe 16 at the bottom of the tower. This absorption drainage,
It can be used as a pH adjuster in the primary desulfurization step.
【００２８】この処理ガスは予め原ガス中の硫化水素の
大部分を生物脱硫塔１で除去した後、アルカリ吸収によ
り硫化水素を高度に除去して得られるものであり、硫化
水素濃度が５０ｐｐｍ以下と著しく低い。しかも、この
ように硫化水素を高度に除去するためのアルカリ使用量
も少量で足りる。This treated gas is obtained by removing most of the hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas in advance in the biological desulfurization column 1 and then removing the hydrogen sulfide to a high degree by means of alkali absorption. The hydrogen sulfide concentration is 50 ppm or less. And remarkably low. In addition, a small amount of alkali used to remove hydrogen sulfide to a high degree is sufficient.
【００２９】このアルカリ吸収塔４の充填材としては、
生物脱硫塔１の充填材と同様なものを用いることができ
る。アルカリ吸収塔４は、このような充填塔の他、スプ
レー塔、棚段塔であっても良い。As the filler for the alkali absorption tower 4,
The same material as the filler for the biological desulfurization tower 1 can be used. The alkali absorption tower 4 may be a spray tower or a tray tower in addition to such a packed tower.
【００３０】このアルカリ吸収塔４のアルカリ吸収液と
しては、ｐＨが高い程硫化水素の吸収効率に優れるが、
取り扱い性等を考慮した場合、ｐＨ８〜１３程度の苛性
ソーダ水溶液又は苛性カリ水溶液を用いるのが好まし
い。As the alkali absorbing liquid of the alkali absorbing tower 4, the higher the pH, the better the hydrogen sulfide absorption efficiency.
In consideration of handling properties, it is preferable to use an aqueous solution of caustic soda or an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide having a pH of about 8 to 13.
【００３１】このアルカリ吸収塔４の通ガス速度はＳＶ
５０〜２００ｈｒ−１、液ガス比は０．０１〜０．２程
度とするのが硫化水素の吸収効率の面で好ましい。The gas flow rate of the alkali absorption tower 4 is SV
It is preferable to set the liquid-gas ratio at about 50 to 200 hr -1 and about 0.01 to 0.2 in terms of hydrogen sulfide absorption efficiency.
【００３２】本発明において、アルカリ吸収塔４で吸収
除去する硫化水素量は、生物脱硫塔１で除去する硫化水
素量に比べて著しく少なく吸収効率が大きいことから、
通常の場合、このアルカリ吸収塔４の容積は、生物脱硫
塔１の容積の１／１０〜１／２０程度とすることができ
る。In the present invention, the amount of hydrogen sulfide absorbed and removed by the alkali absorption tower 4 is significantly smaller than the amount of hydrogen sulfide removed by the biological desulfurization tower 1, and the absorption efficiency is large.
In a normal case, the capacity of the alkali absorption tower 4 can be set to about 1/10 to 1/20 of the capacity of the biological desulfurization tower 1.
【００３３】なお、二次脱硫工程としては、図示のよう
な湿式方式のものに限らず、酸化鉄のペレットを用いた
乾式方式のものであっても良い。The secondary desulfurization step is not limited to the wet type as shown in the figure, but may be a dry type using iron oxide pellets.
【００３４】本発明で処理対象とする硫化水素を含有す
る原ガスは、例えば、下水、し尿、産業排水等の排水及
び汚泥、ゴミ等の固形廃棄物などの有機性物質を嫌気性
消化する際、メタン発酵により発生する消化ガス、その
他、ゴミ処分地、堆肥化施設等から発生する悪臭ガス等
が挙げられる。The raw gas containing hydrogen sulfide to be treated in the present invention is used for anaerobic digestion of organic substances such as wastewater such as sewage, human waste, industrial wastewater and solid waste such as sludge and garbage. And digestive gas generated by methane fermentation, as well as odorous gas generated from garbage disposal sites, composting facilities, and the like.
【００３５】[0035]
【実施例】以下に実施例及び比較例を挙げて本発明をよ
り具体的に説明する。The present invention will be described more specifically below with reference to examples and comparative examples.
【００３６】実施例１ 硫化水素濃度２０００ｐｐｍ、二酸化炭素濃度２０体積
％で、メタンガスが残部約８０体積％の消化ガスを図１
に示す２段脱硫法にて処理した。Example 1 Digested gas having a hydrogen sulfide concentration of 2,000 ppm, a carbon dioxide concentration of 20% by volume, and a methane gas balance of about 80% by volume was obtained.
In the two-stage desulfurization method shown in Table 1.
【００３７】生物脱硫塔１の生物吸収液としてはｐＨ
７．５の活性汚泥処理水を使用した。この生物脱硫塔１
は容積４００Ｌの塔内に充填材としてポリプロピレン製
のネットリング（大日本プラスチック（株）登録商標）
（寸法内径４５ｍｍ×外径５２ｍｍ×長さ５２ｍｍの円
筒形）を２５０Ｌ充填したものであり、通ガス速度ＳＶ
２０ｈｒ−１、液ガス比０．６で脱硫処理を行った。The biological absorption liquid of the biological desulfurization tower 1 is pH
Activated sludge treated water of 7.5 was used. This biological desulfurization tower 1
Is a polypropylene net ring (registered trademark of Dainippon Plastics Co., Ltd.) as a filler in a 400 L tower.
(Cylinder with dimensions 45 mm in inner diameter x 52 mm in outer diameter x 52 mm in length) filled with 250 L, and the gas passing speed SV
Desulfurization treatment was performed at a liquid gas ratio of 0.6 for 20 hr -1 .
【００３８】アルカリ吸収塔４のアルカリ吸収液として
は工水に苛性ソーダを添加してｐＨ１２に調整したもの
を用いた。このアルカリ吸収塔４は、容積５０Ｌの塔内
に充填材として上記ネットリングを４０Ｌ充填したもの
であり、通ガス速度ＳＶ２０ｈｒ−１、液ガス比０．０
１で脱硫処理を行った。As the alkali absorbing solution of the alkali absorbing tower 4, a solution adjusted to pH 12 by adding caustic soda to working water was used. This alkali absorption tower 4 is a tower having a capacity of 50 L and a filling of 40 L of the above-mentioned net ring as a filler, a gas flow rate SV of 20 hr -1 and a liquid-gas ratio of 0.0 L.
In step 1, desulfurization treatment was performed.
【００３９】このときの生物脱硫塔１の入口ガス及び出
口ガスの硫化水素濃度及びアルカリ吸収塔４の出口ガス
の硫化水素濃度は表１に示す通りであり、硫化水素が低
濃度にまで除去された処理ガスを得ることができた。At this time, the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the inlet gas and the outlet gas of the biological desulfurization tower 1 and the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the outlet gas of the alkali absorption tower 4 are as shown in Table 1, and the hydrogen sulfide was removed to a low concentration. Process gas could be obtained.
【００４０】[0040]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４１】比較例１ 実施例１において、アルカリ吸収塔を用いず、生物脱硫
塔のみで同組成の消化ガスの生物脱硫処理を行い、得ら
れた処理ガスの硫化水素濃度を表２に示した。なお、用
いる生物脱硫塔の容積は表２に示す通り種々変えて処理
を行った。Comparative Example 1 In Example 1, the digestion gas having the same composition was subjected to the biological desulfurization treatment only in the biological desulfurization tower without using the alkali absorption tower, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the obtained treated gas is shown in Table 2. . The treatment was carried out by changing the volume of the biological desulfurization tower used as shown in Table 2.
【００４２】[0042]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４３】表２より明らかなように、生物脱硫とアル
カリ吸収の二段処理を行った実施例１で得られた処理ガ
ス濃度と同じ硫化水素濃度を得るためには、実施例１の
二段脱硫処理３５０Ｌ（生物脱硫塔３００Ｌ＋アルカリ
吸収塔５０Ｌ）の容積規模に対し、生物脱硫のみでは二
段脱硫処理の約２倍である７００Ｌの容積規模で吸収操
作を行う必要があった。As is apparent from Table 2, in order to obtain the same concentration of hydrogen sulfide as the concentration of the treated gas obtained in Example 1 in which the two-stage treatment of biological desulfurization and alkali absorption was performed, the two-stage treatment of Example 1 was carried out. With respect to the volume scale of 350 L of desulfurization treatment (300 L of biological desulfurization tower + 50 L of alkali absorption tower), it was necessary to perform the absorption operation on a volume scale of 700 L, which is about twice that of the two-stage desulfurization treatment only with biological desulfurization.
【００４４】比較例２ 実施例１において、生物脱硫塔を用いず、アルカリ吸収
塔のみで同組成の消化ガスのアルカリ脱硫を行い、得ら
れた処理ガスの硫化水素濃度を表３に示した。なお、用
いるアルカリ吸収塔の容積は表３に示す通り種々変えて
処理を行った。Comparative Example 2 In Example 1, the digestion gas having the same composition was subjected to alkaline desulfurization using only the alkali absorption tower without using the biological desulfurization tower, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration of the obtained treated gas is shown in Table 3. The treatment was carried out by changing the volume of the alkali absorption tower used as shown in Table 3.
【００４５】[0045]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００４６】表３より明らかなように、アルカリ吸収塔
容積１００Ｌの場合において、実施例１の場合と同程度
の処理ガスが得られた。この容積１００Ｌのアルカリ吸
収塔を使用して５０ｍ３のガスを処理するために必要な
苛性ソーダの使用量を測定し、１ｋｇのイオウを処理す
るのに必要な２５％苛性ソーダの量を実施例１の場合と
比較したところ、表４に示す通りであり、アルカリ吸収
のみで同じ量のガスを処理する場合の苛性ソーダ使用量
は、実施例１の二段脱硫処理を実施した場合と比較して
３．６倍もの量になることが確認された。As is clear from Table 3, in the case of the alkali absorption tower volume of 100 L, the same processing gas as in Example 1 was obtained. The amount of caustic soda required to treat 50 m 3 of gas using this 100 L alkali absorption tower was measured, and the amount of 25% caustic soda required to treat 1 kg of sulfur was determined in Example 1. As compared with the case, it is as shown in Table 4, and the amount of caustic soda used when the same amount of gas is treated only by alkali absorption is 3. compared with the case where the two-stage desulfurization treatment of Example 1 is performed. It was confirmed that the amount was 6 times as large.
【００４７】[0047]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００４８】以上の実施例１及び比較例１，２の結果か
ら、同じガス量を処理するにあたって、生物脱硫とアル
カリ吸収の二段脱硫処理を実施した場合、生物脱硫のみ
で処理した場合と比較して設備規模を２分の１にするこ
とができ、また、アルカリ吸収のみで処理した場合に比
較して必要な苛性ソーダ使用量は約３．６分の１程度に
削減できることが確認された。From the results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the two gas desulfurization treatments of biological desulfurization and alkali absorption were performed when the same amount of gas was treated, and the results were compared with those treated only with biological desulfurization. As a result, it was confirmed that the facility scale can be reduced to half, and the necessary amount of caustic soda used can be reduced to about 3.6 times as compared with the case where the treatment is performed only by alkali absorption.
【００４９】[0049]
【発明の効果】以上詳述した通り、本発明の硫化水素含
有ガスの脱硫方法によれば、硫化水素含有ガスを大容量
の設備を必要とすることなく、また多量のアルカリを使
用することなく、低コストで効率的に処理して、硫化水
素濃度の低い処理ガスを得ることができる。As described above in detail, according to the method for desulfurizing a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas of the present invention, the hydrogen sulfide-containing gas can be produced without requiring a large-capacity facility and without using a large amount of alkali. It is possible to obtain a processing gas having a low concentration of hydrogen sulfide by performing processing efficiently at low cost.
【図１】本発明の硫化水素含有ガスの脱硫方法の実施の
形態を示す系統図である。FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a method for desulfurizing a hydrogen sulfide-containing gas of the present invention.
１ 生物脱硫塔 ２，５ 充填材層 ３，６ 散水ノズル ４ アルカリ吸収塔 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Biological desulfurization tower 2, 5 Filler layer 3, 6 Sprinkling nozzle 4 Alkaline absorption tower
Claims (1)
処理水又は工水と接触させて、原ガス中の硫化水素を粗
取りする一次脱硫工程と、 該一次脱硫工程の処理ガスを湿式又は乾式でアルカリと
接触させてガス中に残留する硫化水素を除去する二次脱
硫工程とを有することを特徴とする硫化水素含有ガスの
脱硫方法。1. A primary desulfurization step in which a raw gas containing hydrogen sulfide is brought into contact with activated sludge, biologically treated water or industrial water to roughly remove hydrogen sulfide in the raw gas; Or a secondary desulfurization step of removing hydrogen sulfide remaining in the gas by contacting the gas with an alkali in a dry manner.
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| JP2000273474A JP5098121B2 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-09-08 | Method for desulfurization of hydrogen sulfide-containing gas |
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| JP2000273474A JP5098121B2 (en) | 2000-09-08 | 2000-09-08 | Method for desulfurization of hydrogen sulfide-containing gas |
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Cited By (10)
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| JP2006116381A (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-05-11 | Kazuaki Tamatsubo | Method and apparatus for methane-fermenting organic waste water |
| JP2007038188A (en) * | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for desulfurizing hydrogen sulfide-containing gas |
| KR100864426B1 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2008-10-20 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method of removing H2S from Coke Oven Gas |
| JP2009126982A (en) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Jfe Engineering Corp | Biological desulfurizer for digestion gas |
| JP2011235234A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2011-11-24 | Ihi Corp | Desulfurizer and desulfurization method |
| CN102350203A (en) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-02-15 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Process for removing hydrogen-sulfide-containing gas by using rotary power equipment |
| US20120270307A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-25 | Beijing Helee Bio-Energy Technology Co., Ltd. | Biogas desulfurization device |
| CN104031709A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-09-10 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Methane micro-aerobic wet-type ammonia desulphurization device |
| KR101566643B1 (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2015-11-10 | 에이티이 주식회사 | Foul odor eliminating device |
| CN108636065A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-10-12 | 珠海恒基达鑫国际化工仓储股份有限公司 | A kind of waste-gas desulfurization deodorizing device |
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| KR100864426B1 (en) * | 2002-09-03 | 2008-10-20 | 주식회사 포스코 | Method of removing H2S from Coke Oven Gas |
| JP2006116381A (en) * | 2004-10-19 | 2006-05-11 | Kazuaki Tamatsubo | Method and apparatus for methane-fermenting organic waste water |
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| CN108636065A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-10-12 | 珠海恒基达鑫国际化工仓储股份有限公司 | A kind of waste-gas desulfurization deodorizing device |
| CN108636065B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2023-11-14 | 珠海恒基达鑫国际化工仓储股份有限公司 | Exhaust gas desulfurization and deodorization device |
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