JPH04365531A - Method for interchanging tool of machine tool and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a mechanism and operation by operating the roller of a tool supporter pivotally connected to a housing provided around a quill type spindle by a cam rotated by the spindle, so as to call and exchange a required tool. CONSTITUTION:A rotating spindle 31 is rotated at a low speed by rotating a driving motor alpha at a low speed through a controller. Thus, an outer gear 28, and a cam 19 slowly rotate through an internal gear 27 fixed to an end part 25. Then, a required tool is set at a position where it comes into contact with the roller 17 of a tool supporter 15 for supporting it. At the same time, the tool supporter 15 is oscillated to a position shown by a solid line by a spring 18. Then, a quill type spindle 3 is lowered and a tool holder 23 is fitted to the tapered part 26 of the end part 25 of the rotating spindle 31 and a rotation stopper 29 is engaged with the cut out part of the tool holder 23, so that both members are connected together. At this time, between the recessed part of the cam 19 and the roller 17.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] This invention enables various types of centering, drilling, tapping, etc. to be performed using tools held by a plurality of tool holders, each of which is swingably provided in a housing provided around a quill type spindle of a machine tool. This invention relates to a tool changing method and device for a machine tool capable of machining.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a machine tool equipped with a tool magazine for machining a workpiece with various tools that can be attached to the spindle of the machine tool has a cylindrical tube as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-35741. In the magazine 30 having the section 65, the tool 104 is attached to the barb section 74 of the tube section 65.
The tool holder 102 is held by a tool holder 102 linked to the spindle and arranged in a ring shape around the spindle, and the tool holder 102 is positioned concentrically with the spindle axis 80 when changing tools, and each tool is Each holding part 72 is equipped with one drive device 90 consisting of a unique piston cylinder, and each cylinder drive device 90
It is known to move the optional tool 104 to a position concentric with the spindle axis or to retreat from that position.

[0003] Then, the magazine 3 of the above-mentioned known machine tool
0, the holder 72 is held on a common support, which support is coupled to follow the movement of the spindle stock 8, which support has a tube section 65, which tube section 6
5 is movably guided on the associated tube 20 of the spindle stock 8 in the direction of the spindle axis 80 and is supported in a fixed position relative to the tube 20 of the spindle stock 8 during the machining movement of the spindle stock 8. body tube part 65
A tension helical spring 22 is provided to hold the tool and to effect a relative movement parallel to the spindle axis 80 between the tube section 65 of the support and the tube 20 of the spindle stock 8 during tool changes. For this purpose, the extension 115 rests against the free end 116 of the arm.

[0004] Also, the support body abuts against the stopper 24 of the spindle stock 8 as long as the spindle is in the position where the spindle is fed out onto the workpiece in the direction of the spindle axis 80 from the tool change position by the elastic clamping device 22 consisting of a tension coil spring. It is designed to be held in contact with the Moreover, the tool holder 102 of the tool 104 is connected to the protrusion part 74 of the support by parallel linkages 82 and 83, and when the tool change position is reached, another drive device 91 moves the tube part 65 of the support. The elastic clamp device 22
along the spindle axis 80 against the force of.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the magazine of the known machine tool described in the above publication, it is difficult to move an arbitrary tool 104 to a position concentric with the spindle axis or to evacuate it from that position. In addition, each tool holder 72 requires one drive device 90 consisting of a unique piston cylinder, which results in a complicated structure and a large control mechanism, making it impractical.

[0006] Also, when changing tools, the tube portion 65 of the support
In order to perform relative movement parallel to the spindle axis 80 between the tube 20 of the spindle stock 8 and the spindle stock 8, it is necessary to bring the extension portion 115 into contact with the free end 116 of the arm, making the mechanism complicated and difficult to operate. The drawback was that it was difficult.

The present invention was completed in view of the above circumstances, and has a simple structure and allows the necessary tool to be easily called up by operating the tool support with a cam that rotates together with the rotation of the spindle. The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for changing tools in a machine tool that can be replaced.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention processes various types of workpieces using tools held in tool holders of a plurality of tool supports provided around a quill type spindle of a machine tool. In a method for changing tools when the tool is changed, the necessary tool is changed by operating a roller of a tool support pivotably mounted on a housing provided around a quill type spindle with a cam rotated by the rotation of the spindle. A tool changing method for a machine tool characterized by calling and changing tools, and a machine tool for machining various types of workpieces using tools held in tool holders of a plurality of tool supports provided around a quill type spindle of the machine tool. In the tool changer, the tool support is pivotally connected to a guide provided around a quill type spindle, and a roller of the tool support is rotatably disposed around the outer periphery of the tip of the inner spindle. A tool changing device for a machine tool, comprising a spring means that constantly presses the cam body, and a spring means that always pulls up a rotatable tool holder relative to the tool support.

[0009]

[Operation] Next, the operation of the present invention will be explained. When changing tools in the machine tool according to the present invention, the quill type spindle is rotated at low speed by the drive source, and the quill type spindle is rotated at low speed, and the quill type spindle is rotated at low speed, and the quill type spindle is rotated at low speed. When the cam is rotated at a low speed and the roller of the tool support holding the necessary tool comes into contact with the recess of the cam, the tool support holding the necessary tool is pulled by the tensile force of the spring means and the tool holder is aligned with the spindle axis. Move the tool to a position beyond that point and call the necessary tool. Next, when the quill type spindle is installed in parallel with the quill type spindle, the quill type spindle is lowered by the rotation of the turning rod, and the cam indexing internal gear that meshes with the outer gear fixed to the cam is disengaged, and then the spindle rotates at a low speed. While rotating, the taper portion at the tip of the spindle is connected to the tool holder, and with the detent and tool holder connected, the tool is further lowered to the processing position against the spring means of the tool support. After that, the spindle is rotated at high speed during processing. In a state where the tapered portion at the tip of the spindle is connected to the tool holder, the roller of the tool support body is kept separated from the cam.

After the machining is completed, the spiral rod rotates in the opposite direction, the quill type spindle retreats, and the internal gear for cam indexing returns to the position where it engages with the outer gear fixed to the cam.At this time, the tool holder also rises. The spindle and tool holder are separated from each other by being stopped at a certain position by the tool support, and then the roller is pushed by the rotation of the cam caused by the low speed rotation of the quill type spindle, and the tool returns to the initial position together with the tool support. The next required tool is then called.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of a tool changing method and apparatus for a machine tool according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged side view, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of the main part. A drive motor 4 and a vertical movement motor 5 are suspended. The drive shaft 6 of the drive motor 4 transmits rotational force to the spline shaft 13 via the belt 7, and the rotational force is transmitted to the belt 7.
a to the rotating shaft 8 of the spindle 31 of the quill type spindle 3.

On the other hand, the drive shaft 9 of the vertical movement motor 5 rotates a spiral rod 11 via a belt 10. The rotation of the spiral rod 11 moves the sliding body 12 supporting the quill type spindle 3 up and down. When this sliding body 12 moves up and down, it moves along the spline shaft 13.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, the quill type spindle 3 is rotatably and vertically movably mounted on the housing 14 fixed to the stand 2. A plurality of tool supports 15 are each pivotably mounted around a pivot shaft 16 . This support 15 is equipped with rollers 17 projecting inwardly, and the tool support 1
5 is always urged inward by a spring 18, and presses the roller 17 against the cam 19 at all times.

A tool support rod 21, which is always urged upward by a spring 20, is slidably attached to the tool support body 15, and the bent tip 22 of this tool support rod 21 has a A tool holder 23 is rotatably mounted. Also, the tool support 15 has a stopper 2 of the tool support rod 21.
4 are provided. The processing tool 32 is then attached to the lower surface of the tool holder 23 by a chuck.

On the other hand, a tapered portion 26 is formed at the tip 25 of the rotary spindle 31 of the quill type spindle 3, and a conical tool holder 23 can be fitted into this tapered portion 26. Further, an internal gear 27 for cam indexing is fixed to the outer periphery of the tip portion 25, and this internal gear 27 meshes with an outer gear 28 fixed to the cam 19. Further, reference numeral 29 is a rotation stopper for the tool holder 23, and reference numeral 30 is a quill.
Reference numeral 31 is a rotating spindle, and reference numeral 33 is a tool holder 23.
This is a piston cylinder that attaches and detaches the rotary spindle 31 to and from the rotary spindle 31.

The operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be explained. When the drive motor 4 is controlled to rotate at a low speed by a control device (not shown) and the rotary spindle 31 is rotated, the internal gear 2 fixed to the tip 25 of the rotary spindle 31 is rotated.
The outer gear 28 is rotated at a low speed via the outer gear 28, and the cam 19 fixed thereto is slowly rotated until the cam is in contact with the roller 17 of the tool support 15 supporting the necessary tool, and the recessed portion of the cam 19 is rotated slowly. move automatically. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the tool support 15 supporting the tool holder 23 is swung around the pivot 16 by the spring 18 from the position shown by the dashed line to the position shown by the solid line.

Next, while the rotation of the rotary spindle 31 is stopped by the control device, the vertical movement motor 5 is turned on.
is driven, the spiral rod 11 rotates, and the quill type spindle 3 is moved downward via the sliding body 12. As a result of this movement, the internal gear 27 and the outer gear 28 fixed to the cam 19 are disengaged, the quill type spindle 3 descends, and a conical tool is inserted into the tapered part 26 formed at the tip 25 of the rotary spindle 31. The holder 23 is fitted, and at the same time, the detent 29 is engaged with the notch of the tool holder 23, and the two are connected. At this time, a small gap is maintained between the recessed portion of the cam 19 and the roller 17.

The vertical movement state of the quill type spindle 3 is schematically shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. (A), (B) in Figure 6,
7(C) shows the quill type spindle 3 in its lowered state, and FIGS. 7(A) and 7(B) show its raised state.

In FIG. 6A, the cam 19 rotates due to the low speed rotation of the rotary spindle 31, and the roller 17 moves to the cam 19.
The tool support 15 supporting the tool holder 23 in contact with the recessed portion of the tool support 15 swings about the pivot 16 to move the tool holder 23 onto the rotation axis of the rotary spindle 31. In (B), the rotating spindle 31 stops rotating and descends, and the internal gear 27 and outer gear 28
The tool holder 23 is shown in a state in which the tool holder 23 is disengaged from the rotary spindle 31 and fitted into the tapered portion 26 formed at the tip 25 of the rotary spindle 31. In (C), the rotary spindle 31 further descends while compressing the spring 20, and the tool 32 is rotated by the rotary spindle 31 at the machining speed with respect to the workpiece.

FIG. 7A shows a state in which the rotary spindle 31 is raised and the tip 22 of the tool support 15 hits the stopper 24 of the tool support rod 21 after machining is completed. (B) further rises, the internal gear 27 meshes with the outer gear 28, and the tool holder moves to the rotating spindle 3.
The state shown in FIG. 1 is removed from the taper portion 26 of No. 1.

According to this embodiment, a necessary tool can be easily called and replaced from among a large number of tools for various types of machining by using a cam that rotates together with the spindle, and in that state, the tool can be moved downward to perform machining. Therefore, it has a simple structure and has an excellent effect of being able to quickly perform various types of processing.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, the roller of the tool support, which is pivotably mounted to the housing provided around the quill type spindle, is operated by the cam rotated by the rotation of the spindle. The cam indexing internal gear that engages with the cam is automatically disengaged from the cam as the quill type spindle descends, and then the spindle Since it connects with the tool holder while rotating at low speed, then descends to the processing position and rotates at the processing speed, various types of processing such as centering, drilling, and tapping can be easily automated. In addition, after machining is completed, the quill type spindle retreats and the cam indexing internal gear returns to the position where it engages with the cam. At this time, the tool holder also rises, but is stopped at a fixed position by the tool support and the spindle and tool holder Since the two are automatically separated, it is very easy to determine the tool needed for the next machining.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the main part.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operating state.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the tool support.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a cam portion.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the descending state of the quill type spindle.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a raised state of the quill type spindle.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Base 2 Stand 3 Quill type spindle 4 Drive motor 5　Motor for vertical movement 11 Turning rod 12 Sliding body 13 Spline shaft 14 Housing 15 Tool support 17 Roller 19 Cam 21 Tool support rod 23 Tool holder 26 Taper part 27 Internal gear 28 Outer gear 30 Quill 31 Rotating spindle 32 Tools 33 Piston cylinder for attachment and detachment

Claims (6)

[Claims] Claim 1. A tool changing method when machining various types of workpieces using tools held in tool holding holders of a plurality of tool supports provided around a quill type spindle of a machine tool. A tool changing method for a machine tool, characterized in that a necessary tool is called out and replaced by operating a roller of a tool support pivotably mounted on a provided housing with a cam rotated by the rotation of the spindle. . [Claim 2] After the necessary tool is called and moved to a predetermined position, the cam indexing internal gear that engages with the cam is disengaged from the cam by lowering the quill type spindle, and then the spindle rotates at a low speed. 2. The method for changing a tool in a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is connected to the tool holder while rotating at a speed of 100 degrees, is further lowered to a machining position, and is rotated at a machining speed. 3. After the machining is completed, the quill type spindle retreats and the cam indexing internal gear returns to the position where it engages with the cam. At this time, the tool holder also rises, but is stopped at a certain position by the tool support and the spindle 3. A tool changing method for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool holder and the tool holder are separated. 4. A tool changer for a machine tool that processes various types of workpieces using tools held in tool holders of a plurality of tool supports provided around a quill type spindle of the machine tool, wherein the tool support has a quill type spindle. A spring means is pivotably mounted on a housing provided around the spindle and constantly presses the roller of the tool support against a cam body rotatably disposed around the outer periphery of the tip of the inner spindle. ,
A tool changing device for a machine tool, further comprising a spring means for always urging upwardly a rotatable tool holding holder with respect to the tool support. 5. When the roller of the tool support body is located in the recess of the cam body, the tool holder forms the recess so as to extend beyond the axis of the quill type spindle, and the tool holder moves into the tapered part formed at the tip of the spindle. 5. The tool changing device for a machine tool according to claim 4, wherein a gap is created between the roller of the tool support and the cam body when the tool support is fitted onto the tool support. 6. The tool holder is supported movably relative to the tool support and rotatably relative to a tool support rod that is constantly biased upward by spring means. A tool changing device for a machine tool according to claim 4 or 5.