JPH04364368A - Inverter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an inverter which is small even if the capacity is enlarged and allowed small installation space and is easy is maintenance and is low in the number of parts and is cheap in the cost. CONSTITUTION:Six transistor units 4, which include the parts of the three phases of an inverter part by an amount of one phase at a time, and a diode unit 5 are stored unit by unit freely of forward drawing out on a plurality of shelves which are arranged vertically in a rack 13. The maintenance work can be done by drawing it out forward, and the transistor unit contains parts by an amount of only one phase, so it becomes simple and low-cost. An air duct is provided to improve ventilation in each transistor unit.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an inverter device consisting of a converter section and an inverter section, and more specifically to a large inverter device realized in the form of a unit housed in a panel (sometimes referred to as an inverter panel). It is related to the structure of

0002

[Background Art] Conventionally, when constructing a large inverter device, a converter section and an inverter section are housed in the same unit to form one inverter device, and a plurality of such general-purpose inverter devices (units) are installed in a panel. By connecting them in parallel, a large-capacity inverter device (inverter panel) was manufactured.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of such a conventional inverter board. That is, as seen in the figure, a general-purpose inverter unit 25 is composed of a converter section made up of a diode element 3, an inverter section made up of a transistor element 1, and a smoothing capacitor 2.
The output is taken out from the terminals 1, V1, and W1. A plurality of such general-purpose inverter units 25 (two in this example) are housed in the panel to form the inverter panel 6.

FIG. 11 is an external view of the above-described conventional inverter panel when installed, with (a) being a front view and (b) being a partially cutaway side view. In (a) of Figure 11,
The inverter panel 6 includes a plurality of inverter units 25,
It will be recognized that they are arranged in a plane. In (b) of FIG. 11, the inverter unit 25 includes:
An inverter section consisting of a transistor element 1, its radiation fin 16, a smoothing capacitor 2, and a diode element 3
It can be seen that a converter section consisting of a converter section, its heat radiation fins 16, and an internal fan 8 are housed, and the air blown by the fan 8 cools the heat radiation fins 16.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of another conventional inverter board. In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a transistor unit, which includes an inverter section consisting of a transistor element 1 and a smoothing capacitor 2. 3 constitutes a converter section with a diode element. That is, only the inverter section and the entire three-phase upper and lower arm bridge components are housed in one transistor unit 4, and the converter section consisting of the diode element 3 is common to the entire transistor unit 4.

FIG. 13 is an external view of a conventional inverter board having the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 12 when installed, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a partially cutaway side view. As seen in FIGS. 13A and 13B, in this case, the inverter board 6 has a structure in which it has a plurality of shelves in the vertical direction, and the transistor units 4 are stored in each shelf. There is. Connections between the units 4 are made on the back side of the panel 6. As a means of cooling each unit, instead of installing a cooling fan for each unit, a single large-capacity cooling fan 7 is installed on the ceiling of the panel 6, and by operating this fan, each unit receives airflow. The heat dissipating fins 16 are cooled by causing a flow. Each unit was also provided with a suitable handle for pulling out each unit 4 from the shelf.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional inverter panels as explained above, the ones shown in FIGS. Since multiple units must be placed in the same area, the panel itself becomes larger and the space required increases.In response to recent market needs, it is desired that the panel be compact and require less installation space despite its large capacity. , there was a problem that they did not fit.

Furthermore, the conventional inverter panels as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, as well as the conventional inverter panels shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, have wiring for three phases in one unit. The number of parts increases due to the equipment being installed, which in turn leads to an increase in costs. Also, since the connections between the units 4 were made on the back side of the panel 6, the units could not be pulled out to the front unless the bar connections on the back side were disconnected.
As a result, maintenance will be performed on the back side of the panel, so in addition to the dimensions of the panel itself, an area (space) required for maintenance must be prepared on the back side of the panel, which increases the required space. There was a problem with getting bigger.

Furthermore, in the conventional inverter panel shown in FIG. 13, the entire panel is provided with one large-capacity fan.
Since this was used to cool each unit, an imbalance could occur in the cooling air flowing through each unit, and the capacity of the fan had to be determined according to the unit through which the least amount of cooling air was flowing. So,
As a result, we ended up selecting a fan with an uneconomical capacity.
The problem was that it was not economical.

[0010] Furthermore, in the case of inverter panels, various specifications are often requested by customers, and the panel configuration and equipment layout must be changed each time. Since the unit is equipped with a cooling fan and the temperature is evaluated as a whole, the temperature of the unit must be evaluated every time the customer's specifications change, which can lead to poor work efficiency during manufacturing and increased costs. There was a problem.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and to achieve a system that is compact and requires less installation space even when the capacity is increased, and that is easy to maintain, has a small number of parts, and is inexpensive. Inverter device (inverter panel)
Our goal is to provide the following.

0012

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, in an inverter device (inverter board) according to the present invention, a three-phase bridge circuit having a semiconductor element configuration, which is an inverter section,
The upper arm and lower arm each constitute one unit, and the entire inverter section is a three-phase output block consisting of three units, and by providing two three-phase output blocks in parallel, a total of six unit, and the converter sections corresponding to each of the three-phase output blocks (inverter section) are collectively set as one unit, and a total of seven units are placed on each shelf of a panel having a plurality of shelves arranged in the vertical direction, It is constructed by storing each unit in a drawable manner.

[0013]Furthermore, connecting metal bars and control lines for controlling wiring between each unit housed in the shelf are fixed to the rack serving as a framework constituting the shelf, and the units themselves are connected to the panel itself. It has been made possible to take it out from the constituent framework. Furthermore, each unit has a cooling fan therein, and the semiconductor element and smoothing capacitor for one phase constituting the unit can be cooled by the unit alone, and when each fan operates, each unit An induction fan was attached to the panel itself to collect and exhaust the airflow from the panel to the outside of the panel.

[0014]

[Operation] With the above configuration, each unit only includes an upper arm and a lower arm that constitute one phase, and does not include parts and wiring for three phases as in the conventional technology, so the resulting configuration is simplified and costs are reduced. Furthermore, since the unit itself can be pulled out from the frame that makes up the panel itself to the front (front) side, maintenance work such as replacing consumable parts (fans, capacitors, etc.) inside the unit can be easily performed. Since each unit has cooling capacity, when designing the panel, all you need to do is consider the wind pressure loss for each unit and select an induction fan to be installed on the ceiling of the panel, which increases versatility by allowing you to freely arrange the units and equipment. .

[0015]

Embodiments Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is an external view of an installed inverter device (inverter panel) that is an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a side view and (b) is a front view (view of (a) from the right side). ), is. In these figures, 4 is a transistor unit (
5 is a diode unit that constitutes the converter section; 6 is an inverter device (inverter board); 7
is an induction fan installed on the ceiling, 8 is a unit fan installed in each unit, 9 is a DC intermediate (+) shorting bar, 10 is a DC intermediate (-) shorting bar, 11 is an output bar, and 12 is installed in each unit. 13 is a rack serving as a framework, and + is a screw tightening point.

The transistor unit 4 consists of a unit fan 8 housed in a box made of thin sheet metal, together with transistors for one phase of the inverter section and a smoothing capacitor. This causes a flow of wind as shown by the arrow, cooling (heat dissipating) transistors, smoothing capacitors, etc.

The transistor unit 4 includes U1, V1,
There are a total of six units, W1, U2, V2, and W2, and with the addition of D, which is diode unit 5, the seven units are stacked in a rack 13 in a step-like manner, and can be freely pulled out forward when viewed from the front. It is located. The output bar 11 is
This is where the user (customer) connects the terminals to take out the output from the inverter device 6.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of an inverter device (inverter board) that is an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a transistor element, 2 is a smoothing capacitor, 3 is a diode element, 4 is a transistor unit, 5 is a diode unit, and 6 is an inverter device (inverter board). Each transistor unit 4 is
It includes transistors and smoothing capacitors for each phase of the three-phase bridge circuit that constitutes the inverter section, and includes U1, V
It can be seen that there are six diode units 1, W1, U2, V2, and W2, and that there is only one diode unit 5, D, constituting the converter section.

Returning to FIG. 1, the DC intermediate (+) in FIG.
The shorting bar 9 is a bar that connects and short-circuits the collectors of each transistor in the upper arm of the inverter section in FIG. It is a bar that connects and shorts. The output bar 11 is a bar that connects and short-circuits the emitter of the upper arm transistor and the collector of the lower arm transistor.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the transistor unit 4.
4 is a front view of the transistor unit 4, and FIG. 5 is a right side view of the transistor unit 4 (view from arrow A in FIG. 3).
, is. In these figures, 1 is a transistor element (the element that constitutes the upper arm and lower arm), 2 is a smoothing capacitor (in Figure 2, to simplify the diagram, 1 per unit)
Although this one smoothing capacitor 2 is actually made up of eight small capacitors (shown as eight in FIG. 3),
is a transistor unit.

In addition, 8 is a fan in the unit, 9 is a DC intermediate (+) shorting bar, 10 is a DC intermediate (-) shorting bar,
11 is an output bar, S is an auxiliary bar for holding, 12 is a unit handle (when carrying the unit as a single unit,
14 is the middle plate (located in the middle of the box that makes up the unit, and is used to fix smoothing capacitors etc. to it), 15 is the front plate, 16 is the radiation fin, 17 is the collector short circuit bar, 18 is an emitter shorting bar,
19 is a collector-emitter shorting bar.

In the front view of FIG. 4, the front plate 15 includes:
The handle 12 is attached horizontally (in the conventional technology, the handle was attached vertically, but by attaching it horizontally, the usability has been improved), and there is also a hole h for ventilation. It's open. Front plate 1
5 has the same dimensions as the width of the rack 13, and the box constituting the unit body is smaller than the width of the rack 13, and the front plate 1
5 and the rack 13 at the difference between the width of the box on both sides (
4 places). The DC intermediate (+) shorting bar 9, the DC intermediate (-) shorting bar 10, and the output bar 11 extend to the left toward the unit and outside the unit, and are connected to the shorting bar on the rack side.

FIG. 6 is a top view of the rack sheet metal (the right side is the front side of the panel), and FIG. 7 is an external view of the rack sheet metal.
(a) is a side view, and (b) is a front view. In these figures, 4 is a transistor unit, and 6 is an inverter device (
(inverter panel), 7 is an induction fan installed on the ceiling,
9 is a DC intermediate (+) short circuit bar, 10 is a DC intermediate (-) short circuit bar, 11 is an output bar, 12 is a unit handle, 13
2 is a rack, 20 is a reinforcing brace, 21 is an insulating insulator, and 22 is a unit receiving brace.

Refer to FIGS. 6 and 7. Both sides facing the front are made of boards, and are fixed with reinforcing braces 20 at the front and back. There is a notch in the left side plate, into which the bar extending from the unit fits. Then, a bar is fixed to the side plate via an insulating insulator 21, and the unit is connected. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of section B in FIG. 7(b). In FIG. 8, 9 is a DC intermediate (+) short circuit bar, 10 is a DC intermediate (-) short circuit bar, 13 is a rack, and 21
2 is an insulating insulator, and 22 is a unit receiving stiffener. That is, the unit receiving rib 22 receives the unit at its lower side, and its upper side serves as a guide when taking the unit in and out.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing how to take out the unit from the rack, in which (a) is a side view and (b) is a front view. In these figures, 4 is a transistor unit; 5 is a transistor unit;
is a diode unit, 6 is an inverter device (inverter panel), 9 is a DC intermediate (+) shorting bar, 10 is a DC intermediate (-) shorting bar, 11 is an output bar, 23 is a unit installation screw, 24 is a bar connection screw, It is. That is, when it becomes necessary to pull out the unit for maintenance work or the like, the unit can be pulled out by first removing three bar connection screws 24 and four unit attachment screws 23.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a transistor unit for explaining another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
is the same side view. Refer to FIGS. 14 and 15. In this embodiment, 6 parallel transistor elements 1 are arranged in 3 parallel to form 1 block to form 2 blocks, a gap SL is formed between these two blocks, and an air hole is formed in a part of the sheet metal frame (middle plate) 33. 35 opened. As a result, the air from the unit fan 8 passes between the smoothing capacitors 2 and 2, passes through the air hole 35, and flows through the gap SL, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the transistor unit.

FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG.
It is a figure for explaining yet another example of the present invention. In FIG. 16, it will be seen that the smoothing capacitor 2 is lifted from the floor of the case 36 by installing the bent sheet metal 34 as a seat between the smoothing capacitor 2 and the case 36. As a result, smoothing capacitor 2
A gap (air passage) is formed between the transistor unit and the case 36, which further increases the cooling efficiency of the transistor unit and improves the heat balance, thereby improving the quality and life of the product (inverter panel). .

FIG. 17 shows a case where a bent sheet metal 34 serving as a seat has a shape different from that shown in FIG. 16. That is, two bent sheet metals 34 are required in FIG. 16, but only one is required in FIG. 17, which is useful for reducing the number of parts.

[0029]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention,
It has the advantage of being able to provide an inverter panel (large capacity inverter device) that requires a small space for installation at a low price. Furthermore, since the individual units that are the constituent elements of the inverter panel can be freely arranged in one device image, there is an advantage that it is possible to easily accommodate inverter panels with a wide variety of specifications.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an external view of an installed inverter device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a circuit configuration of an inverter device that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the transistor unit.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the transistor unit.

FIG. 5 is a right side view of the transistor unit.

FIG. 6 is a top view of the sheet metal of the rack.

FIG. 7 is an external view of the sheet metal of the rack.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the main part B in FIG. 7(b).

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing how to take out the unit from the rack.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of a conventional inverter board.

FIG. 11 is an external view of a conventional inverter panel when it is installed.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of another conventional inverter board.

FIG. 13 is an external view of another conventional inverter panel when it is installed.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of a transistor unit for explaining another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a side view of a transistor unit for explaining another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 14;

FIG. 17 is another view taken along the line AA in FIG. 14;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Transistor element, 2... Smoothing capacitor, 3... Diode element, 4... Transistor unit, 5... Diode unit, 6... Inverter board, 7... Induction fan, 8
...Unit fan, 9...DC intermediate (+) shorting bar, 10
...DC intermediate (-) shorting bar, 11...Output bar, 12...Handle, 13...Rack, 14...Middle plate, 15...Front plate, 16
...Radiating fin, 17...Collector shorting bar, 18...Emitter shorting bar, 19...Collector/emitter shorting bar, 20
...Reinforcement tension, 21...Insulating insulator, 22...Unit support tension, 23...Unit mounting screw, 24...Bar connection screw, 33...Sheet metal frame (middle plate), 34...Bending sheet metal (
seat), 35...wind hole, 36...case

Claims (5)

[Claims] Claim 1: An inverter device consisting of a converter section and an inverter section, wherein an upper arm and a lower arm each constitute one unit, each forming one phase of a three-phase bridge circuit composed of semiconductor elements, which is the inverter section. The inverter section as a whole is a 3-phase output block composed of 3 units, and two 3-phase output blocks are provided in parallel for a total of 6 units, and a converter corresponding to each of the 3-phase output blocks (inverter section) is provided. An inverter device characterized in that a total of seven units are stored in each shelf of a board having a plurality of shelves arranged in the vertical direction so as to be freely drawn out. 2. The inverter device according to claim 1, wherein connection metal bars and control lines for controlling wiring between units housed in the shelf are fixed to the rack serving as a framework constituting the shelf. However, the unit itself is
An inverter device characterized in that it can be taken out from a framework that constitutes the panel itself. 3. The inverter device according to claim 2, wherein each of the units has a cooling fan therein, and the semiconductor elements and smoothing capacitors for one phase constituting the unit are cooled by the fan. An inverter device characterized in that an induction fan is attached to the panel itself to collectively discharge the flow of air discharged from each unit when each fan operates to the outside of the panel. 4. The inverter device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein each of the units includes a cooling fan (8
), and by lifting the smoothing capacitor (2) located in the wind path, which is the wind flow path, from the floor surface using the bending member (34), a space between the floor surface and the smoothing capacitor is created. An inverter device characterized by forming a gap to further smooth the flow of air. 5. In the inverter device according to claim 4, when each unit has an even number of semiconductor elements constituting the inverter section in parallel, the semiconductor elements are arranged on cooling fins (16) for heat radiation. The configuration is such that the even number of parallel semiconductor elements are divided into two blocks, the middle of which is widened to provide a wind flow path, and a sheet metal frame (33) that forms a wind barrel for the cooling fan (8) of the unit. ), the inverter device is characterized in that a wind loophole (35) is provided in a plate surface corresponding to the wind flow path to facilitate wind circulation.