JPH04353176A - Surface type heating unit - Google Patents
Surface type heating unitInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04353176A JPH04353176A JP12704491A JP12704491A JPH04353176A JP H04353176 A JPH04353176 A JP H04353176A JP 12704491 A JP12704491 A JP 12704491A JP 12704491 A JP12704491 A JP 12704491A JP H04353176 A JPH04353176 A JP H04353176A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- resistor
- temperature
- heat generation
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 34
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920006038 crystalline resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、融雪シ−トなどに使用
する面状発熱体に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sheet heating element used for snow melting sheets and the like.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】従来、屋根に積もった雪を溶かす融雪シ
−トとして、図３の平面図に示すような面状発熱体１を
使用したものがある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a sheet heating element 1 as shown in a plan view of FIG. 3 has been used as a snow melting sheet for melting snow accumulated on a roof.
【０００３】この面状発熱体１は、金属箔、カ−ボン繊
維、カ−ボン塗料などの抵抗材料によって発熱用面抵抗
体２（以下、面抵抗体と略記）を形成し、さらにこの面
抵抗体２の幅方向端部等に一対の電極３を形成し、その
外表面を絶縁被覆体４によって覆って絶縁被覆し、電極
３に電源線５を通じて電圧を印加することにより面抵抗
体２を発熱させるように構成される。This planar heating element 1 includes a heat generating sheet resistor 2 (hereinafter abbreviated as sheet resistor) made of a resistive material such as metal foil, carbon fiber, carbon paint, etc. A pair of electrodes 3 are formed at the ends in the width direction of the resistor 2, the outer surface of the electrodes 3 is covered with an insulating coating 4, and a voltage is applied to the electrodes 3 through the power line 5, thereby forming the sheet resistor 2. is configured to generate heat.
【０００４】ここで、面状発熱体１として、図４に示す
図３のＡ−Ａ断面図に見られるように、電極３を面抵抗
体２の中に埋め込んだ構造のものと、図５に示す図３の
Ａ−Ａ断面図に見られるように、電極３を面抵抗体２の
片面の突設した構造のものがある。Here, as the sheet heating element 1, as shown in the A-A cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 shown in FIG. As shown in the A-A sectional view of FIG. 3, there is a structure in which the electrode 3 is provided protruding from one side of the sheet resistor 2.
【０００５】このような面状発熱体１において、金属箔
、カ−ボン繊維、カ−ボン塗料などの抵抗材料は抵抗値
の温度変化がほとんどないため、発熱温度が異常に高く
なって火災等の事故を防止するには、発熱温度を測定す
る温度測定センサを取り付け、この温度測定センサの出
力に基づいて発熱温度を制御する必要がある。In such a planar heating element 1, the resistance value of the resistance material such as metal foil, carbon fiber, carbon paint, etc. hardly changes with temperature, so the heat generation temperature becomes abnormally high and may cause a fire, etc. In order to prevent accidents, it is necessary to install a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the heat generated, and to control the temperature of the heat generated based on the output of this temperature measurement sensor.
【０００６】しかし、温度測定センサによって発熱温度
を制御するようにした場合、温度測定センサが故障する
と、温度制御が不能になり、安全性が保証できなくなる
という問題があった。However, when the heat generation temperature is controlled by a temperature measurement sensor, there is a problem in that if the temperature measurement sensor fails, temperature control becomes impossible and safety cannot be guaranteed.
【０００７】そこで、面抵抗体２として、ポリエチレン
、ポリプロピレン等の結晶性樹脂に導電性カ−ボンブラ
ックを練り込んで形成したものを使用した面状発熱体が
開発されている。この面抵抗体２は、融点付近で急激に
抵抗値が高くなる特性を有している。このため、発熱温
度が異常に高くなると、抵抗値が急激に高くなり、自身
で電流を抑制し、発熱温度が異常になるのを規制するよ
うに作用する。したがって、温度測定センサを使用する
ことなく発熱温度を規制することができ、安全性を保証
することができる。[0007] Therefore, a planar heating element has been developed in which the sheet resistor 2 is formed by kneading conductive carbon black into a crystalline resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene. This sheet resistor 2 has a characteristic that the resistance value increases rapidly near the melting point. Therefore, when the heat generation temperature becomes abnormally high, the resistance value increases rapidly, which acts to suppress the current by itself and prevent the heat generation temperature from becoming abnormal. Therefore, the heat generation temperature can be regulated without using a temperature measurement sensor, and safety can be guaranteed.
【０００８】[0008]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、ポリエ
チレン、ポリプロピレン等の結晶性樹脂に導電性カ−ボ
ンブラックを練り込んで形成した面抵抗体２を用いた面
状発熱体１においては、面積の大きな面に結晶性の樹脂
に導電性カ−ボンブラックを均一に分散させることが非
常に困難である。このため、抵抗値のばらつきが非常に
大きくなり、発熱温度を規制する作用に大きなばらつき
が生じ、品質が安定しないという問題がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the planar heating element 1 using the sheet resistor 2 formed by kneading conductive carbon black into a crystalline resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, the sheet heating element 1 has a large area. It is extremely difficult to uniformly disperse conductive carbon black in a crystalline resin. For this reason, there is a problem in that the resistance value varies greatly, the effect of regulating the heat generation temperature varies greatly, and the quality is unstable.
【０００９】本発明は上記のような問題点を解決するた
めになされたもので、その技術的課題は、発熱温度の自
己規制作用のばらつきを小さくし、品質の安定した面状
発熱体を提供することである。The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its technical object is to reduce variations in the self-regulating effect of heat generation temperature and provide a planar heating element with stable quality. It is to be.
【００１０】0010
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による面状発熱体
は、電圧が印加されることによって発熱する発熱用面抵
抗体と、この発熱用面抵抗体に直列接続となるように形
成された正の温度係数を有する発熱制御用抵抗体とから
構成した。[Means for Solving the Problems] A planar heating element according to the present invention includes a heating sheet resistor that generates heat when a voltage is applied, and a heating sheet resistor that is connected in series to the heating sheet resistor. It consists of a heat generation control resistor having a positive temperature coefficient.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】上記構成によれば、発熱用面抵抗体の発熱温度
は、この面抵抗体に直列接続した正の温度係数を有する
発熱制御用抵抗体によって規制される。すなわち、発熱
用面抵抗体の発熱温度が高くなると、発熱制御用抵抗体
の抵抗値が高くなるので、この抵抗値の増加分だけ電流
が抑制され、発熱温度が低くなるように制御される。According to the above structure, the heat generation temperature of the heat generating sheet resistor is regulated by the heat generation control resistor having a positive temperature coefficient connected in series with the sheet resistor. That is, as the heat generation temperature of the heat generating sheet resistor increases, the resistance value of the heat generation control resistor increases, so the current is suppressed by the increase in resistance value, and the heat generation temperature is controlled to be lower.
【００１２】0012
【実施例】図１，図２は本発明の一実施例を示す断面図
であり、図１は電極３を面抵抗体２の中に埋め込んだ構
造の面状発熱体１を示している。図２は電極３を面抵抗
体２の片面に突設した構造の面状発熱体１を示している
。この図１および図２の実施例の面状発熱体１は、電極
３と面抵抗体２との間に発熱制御用抵抗体６を直列接続
となるように形成したものであり、面抵抗体２は、金属
箔、カ−ボン塗料などのように抵抗値の温度変化がほと
んど無い材料で形成され、発熱制御用抵抗体６は温度上
昇に伴って抵抗値が増加する正の温度係数を持つ材料、
例えばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の結晶性樹脂に
導電性カ−ボンブラックを練り込んで形成した抵抗材料
で構成されている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows a sheet heating element 1 having a structure in which an electrode 3 is embedded in a sheet resistor 2. FIG. FIG. 2 shows a sheet heating element 1 having a structure in which an electrode 3 is provided protrudingly from one side of a sheet resistor 2. As shown in FIG. The sheet heating element 1 of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a heating control resistor 6 connected in series between an electrode 3 and a sheet resistor 2. 2 is made of a material such as metal foil or carbon paint whose resistance value hardly changes with temperature, and the heat generation control resistor 6 has a positive temperature coefficient whose resistance value increases as the temperature rises. material,
For example, it is made of a resistance material formed by kneading conductive carbon black into a crystalline resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene.
【００１３】そして、発熱制御用抵抗体６の体積固有抵
抗値は、常温では、面抵抗体２の体積固有抵抗値と同じ
か、それ以下のもので、通電による発熱温度の上昇によ
って発熱温度が所定温度以上になると、面抵抗体２の体
積固有抵抗値の１０倍以上になるように選定されている
。The volume resistivity value of the heat generation control resistor 6 is equal to or lower than the volume resistivity value of the sheet resistor 2 at room temperature, and the heat generation temperature increases as the heat generation temperature increases due to energization. It is selected so that when the temperature reaches a predetermined temperature or higher, the volume resistivity value becomes 10 times or more the volume resistivity value of the sheet resistor 2.
【００１４】例えば、通電前の常温において、発熱制御
用抵抗体６の抵抗値は１０Ω、面抵抗体２の抵抗値は１
００Ω、通電によって発熱温度が所定温度を越えると、
発熱制御用抵抗体６の抵抗値は１０倍の１００Ωに増加
するように選定されている。このように構成された面状
発熱体１において、通電前における電極３，３間の抵抗
値Ｒは「１０＋１００＝１１０Ω」となっている。しか
し、通電によって面抵抗体２が発熱し、その発熱温度が
所定温度を越え、発熱制御用抵抗体６の抵抗値が１００
Ωに増加すると、電極３，３間の抵抗値Ｒは２００Ωに
増加する。このため、電流がほぼ１／２に制限され、以
降の発熱温度の上昇が規制される。For example, at room temperature before energization, the resistance value of the heat generation control resistor 6 is 10Ω, and the resistance value of the sheet resistor 2 is 1
00Ω, when the heat generation temperature exceeds the specified temperature due to energization,
The resistance value of the heat generation control resistor 6 is selected to increase ten times to 100Ω. In the planar heating element 1 configured in this way, the resistance value R between the electrodes 3, 3 before energization is "10+100=110Ω". However, the sheet resistor 2 generates heat when energized, the heat generation temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, and the resistance value of the heat generation control resistor 6 becomes 100.
Ω, the resistance value R between the electrodes 3, 3 increases to 200Ω. Therefore, the current is limited to approximately 1/2, and the subsequent rise in heat generation temperature is regulated.
【００１５】ここで、温度制御用抵抗体６の抵抗値のば
らつきが大きく、例え平均値に対して５０％高い１５Ω
であったとすると、通電前の電極間抵抗値Ｒは１１５Ω
となるが、平均値に対して＋５％だけ高くなるだけであ
り、発熱作用にほとんど影響を及ぼすことがない。Here, there is a large variation in the resistance value of the temperature control resistor 6, and even if it is 15Ω, which is 50% higher than the average value,
Assuming that, the interelectrode resistance value R before energization is 115Ω
However, it is only +5% higher than the average value, and has almost no effect on the exothermic effect.
【００１６】したがって、発熱制御用抵抗体６を、ポリ
エチレン、ポリプロピレン等の結晶性樹脂に導電性カ−
ボンブラックを練り込んで形成した抵抗材料で構成し、
その抵抗値に大きな「ばらつき」があったとしても、面
抵抗体２による発熱作用に影響を及ぼすことがない。Therefore, the heat generation control resistor 6 is made of a crystalline resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene with a conductive carton.
Composed of a resistance material made by kneading bomb black,
Even if there is a large "variation" in the resistance value, it does not affect the heating effect of the sheet resistor 2.
【００１７】一方、発熱温度が所定温度を越えた場合は
、発熱制御用抵抗体６の抵抗値が１５０Ωに増加し、電
極間抵抗値Ｒが２５０Ωになって面状発熱体１としての
発熱温度が自己規制されるが、電極間抵抗値Ｒの平均値
２００Ωに対するばらつきは＋２５％になり、発熱規制
作用のばらつきは発熱制御用抵抗体６のばらつきに比べ
て小さくなる。この結果、品質が安定する。On the other hand, when the heat generation temperature exceeds the predetermined temperature, the resistance value of the heat generation control resistor 6 increases to 150Ω, the interelectrode resistance value R becomes 250Ω, and the heat generation temperature as the sheet heating element 1 increases. is self-regulated, but the variation in the interelectrode resistance value R with respect to the average value of 200Ω is +25%, and the variation in the heat generation regulating effect is smaller than the variation in the heat generation control resistor 6. As a result, quality is stabilized.
【００１８】なお、上記実施例において、特別な電極材
料を用いて電極３を形成するのでなく、発熱制御用抵抗
体６の一端を電極３として兼用することができる。この
ようにした場合は、上記のような利点に加え、製造が容
易になるという利点がある。また、発熱制御用抵抗体６
の抵抗値は発熱温度が所定温度を越えると、１０倍に増
加する例を挙げて説明したが、これに限定されるもので
はなく、要は、所定温度を越えた時に発熱温度を十分に
規制できるような値に増加するものであればよい。In the above embodiment, instead of forming the electrode 3 using a special electrode material, one end of the heat generation control resistor 6 can also be used as the electrode 3. In this case, in addition to the above-mentioned advantages, there is an advantage that manufacturing becomes easy. In addition, the heat generation control resistor 6
The explanation was given using an example in which the resistance value increases 10 times when the heat generation temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, but this is not limited to this. Any value that can be increased to a value that can be used can be used.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明の面状発熱体は、発
熱用面抵抗体と、この発熱用面抵抗体に直列接続となる
ように形成された正の温度係数を有する発熱制御用抵抗
体とから構成したので、発熱温度の自己規制作用のばら
つきを小さくし、品質の安定した面状発熱体を得ること
ができる。Effects of the Invention As described above, the sheet heating element of the present invention includes a heating sheet resistor and a sheet heating element for heating control having a positive temperature coefficient formed so as to be connected in series with the heating sheet resistor. Since it is composed of a resistor, it is possible to reduce variations in the self-regulating effect of heat generation temperature and obtain a planar heating element with stable quality.
【図１】電極を面抵抗体の中に埋め込んだ構造の本発明
の実施例を示す面状発熱体の横断面構成図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a sheet heating element showing an embodiment of the present invention having a structure in which electrodes are embedded in a sheet resistor.
【図２】電極を面抵抗体の片面に突設構造の本発明の実
施例を示す面状発熱体の横断面構成図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a planar heating element showing an embodiment of the present invention in which an electrode is provided protruding from one side of a sheet resistor.
【図３】従来の面状発熱体の平面構成図である。FIG. 3 is a plan configuration diagram of a conventional sheet heating element.
【図４】電極を面抵抗体の中に埋め込んだ構造の図３の
Ａ−Ａ断面図である。FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3 of a structure in which electrodes are embedded in a sheet resistor.
【図５】電極を面抵抗体の片面に突設した構造の図３の
Ａ−Ａ断面図である。FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3 of a structure in which electrodes are provided protruding from one side of a sheet resistor.
１ 面状発熱体 ２ 発熱用面抵抗体 ３ 電極 ４ 絶縁被覆体 ５ 電源線 ６ 発熱制御用抵抗体 1 Planar heating element 2 Sheet resistor for heating 3 Electrode 4 Insulation coating 5 Power line 6 Resistor for heat generation control
Claims (1)
る発熱用面抵抗体と、この発熱用面抵抗体に直列接続と
なるように形成された正の温度係数を有する発熱制御用
抵抗体とを備えてなる面状発熱体。1. A heating sheet resistor that generates heat when a voltage is applied, and a heating control resistor that has a positive temperature coefficient and is connected in series to the heating sheet resistor. A planar heating element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12704491A JPH04353176A (en) | 1991-05-30 | 1991-05-30 | Surface type heating unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12704491A JPH04353176A (en) | 1991-05-30 | 1991-05-30 | Surface type heating unit |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04353176A true JPH04353176A (en) | 1992-12-08 |
Family
ID=14950232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12704491A Pending JPH04353176A (en) | 1991-05-30 | 1991-05-30 | Surface type heating unit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04353176A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08193435A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-07-30 | Toyo Foods Syst Kk | Snow melting board and snow melting method |
-
1991
- 1991-05-30 JP JP12704491A patent/JPH04353176A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08193435A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-07-30 | Toyo Foods Syst Kk | Snow melting board and snow melting method |
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