JPH04327423A - Loading method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the efficient piling of the load into the assigned position on a pallet with simple operation and simplify unloading work to each transport destination by converting the array position partitioned into lattice coordinates on the pallet through a voice converter to perform speech indication by a speaker. CONSTITUTION:The data on the geometry, weight and transport-consigned quantity of a load is inputted from a keyboard 4 and stored into a loading pattern storage part 7 through the control mechanism of a computer part 6. The loading position on a pallet 3 in the order of the load brought out is computed by a computer part 6 and transmitted to a voice converter 9 through an output part 8 so as to assign the loading position and the like on the pallet 3 by a speaker 10 indicating the placing position of the bottom face, side face or end face of the load. An operator thereby confirms the bottom face, side face or end face of the load 2 conveyed on a conveyor 1 to set it to the voice indicated part for loading. After placing the load, the following conveyance starting signal and loading signal are inputted into an input part 12 by an action signal based on button operation, weight change, or the like.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides convenient loading or stacking operations on pallets for delivery to each delivery destination when transporting packages such as cargo, other baggage, and goods on pallets. This relates to the loading method carried out under certain conditions.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in pallet transport in which packages and cargoes are stacked on pallets, containers, etc., there is no problem if they are of the same type or a single type, but in the case of different types, workers have to change the loading plan on the pallet. Items are arranged one by one, one by one, in layers, taking into consideration the loading position on top of each other, which takes a lot of time and effort even for experienced workers, resulting in fatigue and fatigue. was also significantly larger. However, recently there has been an increasing demand for robots to transport cargo automatically in order to automatically load the cargo onto pallets. Attempts are also being made to automatically stow cargo on a single pallet, but automation using robots is limited to cargo of the same shape and size, and cargo is stowed on a single pallet, such as in a transportation system for high-mix, low-volume transportation. The greater the number of products that need to be handled, the more complex their operation control becomes, and the workability becomes extremely poor, making it impossible to actually stow cargo or taking too long to be practical at all. . Therefore, as a method of conveying the cargo stowage position to workers so that they can work, it is possible to display the stowage position on paper or on a CRT screen. It was necessary to stack the cargo without shifting it to the designated position while checking the situation, which made the work extremely difficult and unsatisfactory. Therefore, as a measure to improve this problem, automatic cargo stowage systems have been proposed as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-28226.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, in this automatic cargo stowage system, the worker specifies the laser spot irradiation position on the terminal screen, and the laser spot is irradiated onto the pallet or the loaded cargo. After detecting this spot position, the robot automatically stacks the cargo.
Not only does the work efficiency not improve because the operator specifies the loading position, but as the number of products increases, the instantaneous power of robots is inferior to that of humans, and it takes too much time, making it impractical. There was a problem in that the correction alignment work to prevent the cargo from collapsing after finishing was extremely troublesome, making it unsuitable for stacking a wide variety of products. The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks, makes it possible to appropriately and efficiently stack cargo at specified positions on pallets with simple operations, and simplifies unloading work for each destination, thereby increasing work efficiency. The purpose is to provide a loading method that can significantly improve the

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention allows cargo to be transported to multiple destinations or a wide variety of different products to be loaded on a pallet by inputting and calculating the shape, dimensions, quantity, weight, etc. of the cargo. In the loading method, the order of cutting is decided in advance and conveyed by a conveyor, and the loading position on the pallet or already loaded baggage is specified for the cargo cut out by the conveyor. Calculating the stacking position and direction, dividing the pallet into x, y coordinates in a grid pattern using multiple straight lines that are orthogonal to each other, converting the array position using an audio converter, and amplifying and displaying audio using a speaker. This loading method is characterized by:

[0005]

[Function] In the loading operation according to the present invention, the operator determines the cutout order in advance by operating the transmission of the conveyance start signal of the conveyor 1, and the conveyed articles 2 are placed on the pallet 3.
To stack the items on top of each other, data such as the size, weight, and destination quantity of the baggage are first entered from the keyboard 4 and stored in the stowage pattern storage unit 7 via the control mechanism of the computer unit 6. Next, the computer unit 6 calculates the positions at which the pieces of luggage to be cut out should be stacked on the pallet 3 in sequence, and transmits the information to the audio converter 9 via the output unit 8, and the information on the stacking positions etc. on the pallet 3 is transmitted. The placement position on the bottom, side, or living surface of the luggage is designated by the speaker 10. The operator only needs to check the bottom, side, or living surface of the baggage 2 being conveyed onto the conveyor 1 and load it in line with the audio display area.After loading the baggage, the operator can press a button or send an operation signal based on changes in weight, etc. Then, the next conveyance start signal and stowage signal are inputted to the input section 12 via the conveyor control device 11, and the next cargo to be stowed and the stowage position are calculated by the computer section 6 according to the data in the storage section 7. The information is transmitted to the output unit 8, and this process is then repeated to efficiently stack various types of cargo on the pallet 3 for each destination.

[0006]

[Embodiment] To explain an embodiment of the present invention using the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the shape, dimensions, quantity, weight, etc. of the cargo 2 are input using the keyboard 4, and the computer section 6 calculates the stowage pattern. By storing the data in the storage unit 7, when stacking packages that span multiple destinations or packages of different types on the pallet 3, the cutting order can be decided in advance and transported by the conveyor 1, and the cutout order can be determined in advance. In the loading method that specifies the loading position on the pallet 3 or on the loaded baggage for the incoming baggage 2, the computer unit 6 calculates the loading position and direction in advance and places it on the pallet 3 or on the loaded baggage. The array positions of the cargo to be loaded are divided into grid-like x and y coordinates by a plurality of straight lines that are perpendicular to each other, are converted by an audio converter, amplified by the speaker 10, and sequentially given instructions. The cargo shall be loaded in accordance with the following.

In this case, as the audio converter 9, for example, an audio IF circuit, an audio answer back, etc. are used, and as shown in FIG.
For example, this is done by specifying the positions separated by x and y coordinates arranged in a 5 x 5 grid as A-1, B-3, etc., but the stowage positions are calculated in advance by the computer section 6. Then, divide the pallet 3 into multiple cells, decide on the columns and order 1 to 5 for each section A, B, C, D, and E, and use the grid as a grid at the loading center position to instruct the combinations by voice. In addition, vertical and horizontal directions are also transmitted to the worker by voice instruction, and furthermore, the computer unit 6 displays the arrangement position order of the x and y coordinates that matches the voice display using a numerical converter 91. It may be displayed on a screen, for example, on the monitor 5, or if necessary, the arrangement positions of the x and y coordinates may be displayed in a combination form in which a light beam is irradiated onto a pallet by an illumination device 19 to separate them, in which case the illumination light source The position plane is realized on the pallet by lighting or blinking.

The data input terminal of this computer section 6 is a keyboard 4 for inputting the code of the baggage to be loaded and the like. For example, input order data such as destination, product name, and quantity, add dimensions, weight, volume, shape, etc. to the product master, determine the unit based on total weight, total area, and number of destinations, and then calculate the weight group and base area. ，
The order of the products is determined based on the flags that can be stacked on the side or in the living area, and instructions are given to the product supply line, and the units are arranged in reverse order of delivery destinations and in the order of cutting. Then, stowage rules, i.e., stowage methods, such as maximum stowage height, grouping of items with similar dimensions (items with similar dimensions may be stacked on top), and stowage prohibitions (heavy items are prohibited on top of light items) ), etc., calculate the loading position and loading direction, decide whether to flow along the long side or short side, and check whether the item is correct using the logistics barcode. , If Yes, the product will be instructed by voice to indicate the loading position, and if No, it will be sent to the bypass line, corrected and transported, and if necessary, the lighting system will be linked to illuminate the loading position onto the pallet so that the worker can load it. However, the worker only needs to load each baggage 2 that is sequentially conveyed onto the conveyor 1 onto the pallet 3, and after placing the baggage, the next conveyance start signal and loading signal can be sent by operating signals such as button operations. is input to the conveyor control device 11, so that the next product to be loaded can be conveyed and the loading position can be displayed.

[0009] The code for the package to be loaded can also be entered online from a central delivery management center. Furthermore, when the packages 2 flow on the conveyor 1 in the order of cut-outs, the stacking of multiple packages to be transported is performed according to a certain rule. For example, the pallets 3 may be stacked from the corner to a certain height and moved to the adjacent surface, or the pallets may be stacked from the corner to fill the entire corner, and when the first tier is filled, they are stacked on the next tier. In addition, the products are placed so as to fill the entire surface of pallet 3, but if products of the same size arrive, they are stacked on top of each other, and if the destination changes and products of the same size arrive again, they are stacked on top of the same product. You can also go there. Furthermore, if the product has flaps, the transport direction can be selected to match the direction of the flaps, and the products can be stacked in that direction.

[0010]Furthermore, the above-mentioned cargo is transported in descending order of weight, and within the same weight group, the cargo with the largest base area or the bottom area and living area are compared and the larger area is given priority in the cutting order. Consideration is given to loading the cargo onto pallets for each destination, and transporting the cargo separately for each destination. The control unit 6 can also display the stacking position in characters such as numbers on the monitor 5 to assist in work, and can provide instructions for the stacking position of the next product for each product to be loaded in sequence. It is preferable to adopt a method of instructing the loading position using the audio transducer 9 based on a signal indicating the end of the previous work. For example, a weight checker can detect changes in weight on a pallet, a manual or foot button can be operated after checking the stacked products, and a sensor that responds to voice can be installed to check the next load. A voice system that illuminates the loading position, or an optical sensor that detects the completion of stacking using emitted and received light or reflected light (difference in the amount of received light), and illuminates the next loading position to activate the product cutting station or conveyor and voice conversion. Consideration will be given to linking the equipment and lighting equipment. Furthermore, when workers stack multiple items of the same product at once, they can either cut out multiple items in succession at a cutting station, stack multiple items, transport them, display this with a flashing signal, etc., and stack multiple items at once. It is also a good idea to improve work efficiency by notifying people when something is being picked up.

[0011]

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention can improve the shape, size, quantity,
By inputting and calculating weight, etc., you can determine the cutting order in advance and transport it on a conveyor when loading packages that span multiple destinations or a wide variety of different items on a pallet. In a loading method that specifies the loading position on a pallet or already loaded baggage, the computer section calculates the loading position and direction in advance, and the loading position and direction are calculated in advance on the pallet using multiple straight lines that are orthogonal to each other. By converting the array position divided into x and y coordinates in a grid using an audio converter and amplifying the sound using a speaker, it is possible to stack packages appropriately and extremely efficiently at designated positions on a pallet with simple operations. This makes it possible to simplify the unloading work for each transport destination and significantly improve work efficiency. In particular, the type and number of luggage,
It is possible to select the most efficient stowage method depending on the pallet, take into account the stowage conditions, and accurately stow in the limited space on the pallet, reducing transportation costs and shortening the stowage planning time. It is also useful for improving service to the receiving side at the destination, facilitating loading work and ensuring safe transportation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a loading device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing how the pallet of the embodiment is used.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Conveyor 2 Luggage 3 Palette 4 Keyboard 5. Monitor 6 Computer Department 7　Stowage pattern storage section 8 Output section 9 Audio converter 10 Speaker 11 Conveyor control device 12 Input section

Claims (3)

[Claims] [Claim 1] By inputting and calculating the shape, dimensions, quantity, weight, etc. of the cargo, it is possible to determine the cutting order in advance when stacking cargo that spans multiple destinations or a wide variety of different products on a pallet. In this loading method, the loading position is determined and transported on a conveyor, and the loading position on a pallet or pre-loaded baggage is specified for the load cut out by the conveyor.The computer section calculates the loading position and direction in advance. A loading method characterized by converting array positions on a pallet into grid-like x and y coordinates using a plurality of straight lines orthogonal to each other, using an audio converter, and amplifying and displaying audio using a speaker. 2. The loading method according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement position order of the x and y coordinates that matches the audio display in the computer section is displayed on a display screen using a numerical converter. 3. The loading method according to claim 1, wherein the array positions of the x and y coordinates are separated by irradiating light beams onto the pallet with an illumination device.