JP2933104B2 - Loading method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for carrying out loading or stacking operations on a pallet when carrying packages to be transported, such as freight and other goods and goods, on a pallet. It relates to a loading method performed under given conditions.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in pallet transport for loading packages and cargo including packages on pallets, containers, etc., in the case of different types of products, an operator individually arranges articles while considering the loading position on the pallet one by one. If the first stage is stacked on the plane from the lower layer and the first stage can be arranged in a plane, the second stage is sequentially laminated in layers, and even a skilled person takes a lot of time and effort to get tired The degree was also remarkably large. However, recently, there has been an increasing demand for robotic cargo transport work to automatically load goods onto pallets, and the cargo flowing on the conveyor has been grabbed and pallets have been set according to a predetermined pattern. Attempts have also been made to automatically load items on the pallets, but automation by robots is limited to cargoes of the same shape and dimensions, and can be loaded on a single pallet such as a multi-product small-volume transport system. The greater the number of varieties to be attached, the more complicated the operation control becomes, and the more varieties of robots become, the worse their instantaneous power becomes and their workability becomes extremely poor. Is impossible or takes too long to be practical at all. Therefore, as a method of transmitting the loading position of the cargo to the worker and performing the work, a method of displaying the loading position on paper or on a CRT screen is conceivable, but in this method, the worker looks at the paper or CRT screen. It was necessary to load cargo without shifting to the specified position, and the work was extremely difficult and was not satisfactory enough.

[0003]

In these conventional stowage systems, each layer is arranged on a plane by plane stacking, another product is placed thereon, and the next layer is formed in a plane. If the combination is made from the lower layer, the loading efficiency will be poor and the stability of the load after loading will decrease. For example, when multiple products are stacked on top of each other, different products are placed on top of each other, creating unevenness in the plane, making it unstable, and making it difficult to create the next layer. There is a problem that the flat surface that can be created when another product is placed on the car becomes gradually smaller, resulting in a mountain-shaped load, and the loading efficiency is significantly reduced. The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks, makes it possible to stack cargo appropriately and efficiently at a designated position on a pallet by a simple operation, simplifies unloading work for each shipping destination, and improves work efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a loading method capable of realizing a significant improvement in the load.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
When loading cargo on multiple pallets that span multiple destinations or different types of cargo on a pallet, determine the cutting order in advance and transport the cargo on a conveyor, and transport the cargo cut out by the conveyor on a pallet or other loading surface. In the loading method of loading, a support plate provided at both upper and lower ends with slidable support pieces for pinching and holding the articles stacked in a bar shape from above and below, between the article transport conveyor and the pallet. Positioning and standing in an upright state, and by lowering the entire support plate, articles sequentially conveyed from the conveyor are stacked vertically in a bar shape along the support plate wall surface, and When the individual articles are stacked along the wall surface of the support plate, the support piece is moved to pinch and hold the articles stacked in a bar shape from above and below, and the article is stacked. Is characterized in that for transferring the collapsing impossible clamping retained Stowage of articles the support plates across each lifting specified pallet position. Further, according to the invention of claim 2, when loading a plurality of destinations to be transported or a package of different kinds of products on a pallet, the cargo is conveyed on a conveyor in a predetermined cutting order and cut on the conveyor. In a loading method for loading incoming cargo on a loading surface such as a pallet, a support plate provided at both upper and lower ends with slidable support pieces for sandwiching and holding a stack of articles in a bar shape from above and below. Was placed between the article transport conveyor and the pallet in a state of being laid down along the article transport direction, and the articles conveyed from the transport conveyor were raised to bring the article bottom surface into a vertical state, and the bed was laid down. At the time when a predetermined number of articles are arranged side by side on the support plate, they are sequentially transferred onto the support plate in a state and are arranged in a bar shape and abutted.
The support piece is moved to pinch and hold the articles stacked in a bar shape from the left and right directions, and the articles held and held by the support pieces so that the load cannot be collapsed are caused to stand together with the entire support plate. Pallet is transferred to a designated loading position on the pallet. Further, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that when loading a plurality of transport destinations or a package of different kinds of goods on a pallet, the cargo is conveyed on a conveyor in a predetermined cutting order and cut on the conveyor. In a loading method for loading incoming cargo on a loading surface such as a pallet, the loading surface of the pallet is held in a vertical direction in advance, and the receiving plate is placed along the lower edge of the pallet arranged vertically. The operation of arranging the articles flowing from the conveyor in a horizontal direction toward the conveyor side and abutting the articles flowing from the conveyor on the stacking surface of the pallet and arranging them in a bar shape on the receiving plate is sequentially repeated at adjacent positions. After stacking the second and subsequent layers while moving the whole receiving plate up and down, raise the pallet and the receiving plate together with the pallet and place the goods on the pallet. It is an feature.

[0005]

In the loading operation according to the present invention, the operator operates the transmission of the transport start signal of the transport conveyor 1 so that the load 2 which is transported in a predetermined cutting order is transferred to the pallet 3.
The luggage of the same group that is cut out is sequentially piled up on the wall surface and superimposed, arranged in a rod shape, and stacked on the pallet 3 from the back side to the front side. 3 can efficiently load various kinds of luggage.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the example of FIG. 1. The shape, size, quantity, weight, etc. of a package 2 are inputted by a keyboard, operated by a computer control mechanism, and stored in a stowage pattern storage section. By storing the information, when loading a plurality of transport destinations or different kinds of different kinds of goods on the pallet 3, the cutting order is determined in advance and the goods are conveyed on the conveyor 1, and the goods cut on the conveyor 1 are stored. In the loading method of loading on the pallet 3 in the step 2, the articles 2 of the same item or the same group are moved up and down along the support plate 4 which sequentially turns the article transport conveyor 1 or the pallet 3 into the same wall. This is a loading method in which articles are stacked in a bar shape along the wall while abutting the wall against the wall, and are sequentially placed in a state of being vertically stacked on the pallet 3. In addition, the same group of products cut out by the conveyor are supported by a support plate 4 that is maintained in a horizontal or vertical state as a wall surface.
Put on or abut against it and line it up in a bar,
The arranged articles 2 are collectively pressed and sandwiched from both ends by a support piece 5, for example, a fork, and the articles 2
Is supported by a vacuum or a clamp 6 and stacked on the pallet 3 from the back side to the front side. In this case, the support plate 4 is provided on an arm of a robot that can move up and down and pivot so that support pieces 5 and 5 are slidably provided at both ends of the support plate 4 to hold articles stacked in a bar shape. It is better to use something that does.

As shown in FIG. 2, the articles 2 cut out by the transport conveyor 1, for example, a roller conveyor, are raised on the conveyor, and the articles 2 are sequentially transported in a vertical state with the bottom face of the articles. Work efficiency is to transfer the objects on the same wall surface, collect a predetermined number of these arranged items, return or raise the bottom surface of each item 2 to a horizontal state, and load the items 2 on the pallet 3 from the back to the front. Can be greatly improved and is convenient. In this case, the same group products cut out by the conveyor 1 are arranged in a row on a support plate 4 which is sequentially arranged in a horizontal state, and a predetermined number of them are superposed and arranged. A method of loading the pallet 3 by raising the support plate 4 in a vertical state is also effective, and it is preferable to use means for holding the side surface with a vacuum or a clamp. In order to cause the article 2, for example, a conveyed article is received using a star-shaped rotor, then turned and turned over, fed out of the rotor by a feed mechanism that moves between the rotors, and conveyed onto the support plate 4. The support plate 4 may be turned upside down by a cylinder system or a robot mechanism.

[0008] Further, as shown in FIG.
Is held in the vertical direction in advance, the flow line is selected from the conveyor 1 by a sorting mechanism (not shown) from the conveyor 1, and the articles 2 flowing therefrom are brought into contact with each other and arranged in a bar shape. ₁
Repeatedly performed to sequentially adjacent positions an operation put on after wearing the product in the second stage or later is further moved to the pallet 3 in vertical position in the vertical direction in the lifter with the receiving surface 3 _1, each pallet collectively article Loading methods that cause a horizontal state are also effective. In this case, the pallet 3
Comprising a receiving plate 3 ₁ for receiving articles to be held in the horizontal direction, to employ a means for sequentially arranging the article 2 to the rod-like flowing from conveyor 1 onto the receiving plate 3 ₁ abut the article to the pallet While it is convenient, and沿設was caused in place of the receiving plate 3 _first plate to the pallet 3, is transferred onto the pallet 3 causes the articles to cooperate in a horizontal direction of movement of the pallet 3 You can also. Also, on the conveyor 1, it is considered that the flow direction to the designated loading position is regulated, for example, a sorting pusher, a combination with a lateral roller, or a channelizer is used. It is also effective to sandwich the article from the side with a vacuum clamp and raise the entire pallet. Incidentally, the flow articles 2 fed by moving the rod or gripper in the width direction to allocate to each of the conveyor 1 of array type, further to align articles 2 with pusher or transfer mechanism feeds on the receiving plate 3 ₁ It is also used selectively.

In addition, instead of using the pallet, it is possible to use a container or a loading platform or the like, and it is effective to carry out a combination loading operation using loading software. Enter the order data of the quantity, quantity, and the product master, for example, add dimensions, weight, volume, shape, etc., and determine the unit unit based on the total weight, total area, and the number of destinations. Determine the product order from the flag that can be sized and instruct the product supply line, arrange in the unit in the order of cutout in reverse order of destination, and stowage rules, that is, stowage method such as maximum stowage height, Calculate the loading position and loading direction according to the conditions such as grouping of approximate size products (products with similar dimensions can be loaded on top) and prohibitions on loading (prohibiting heavy products on light products) And And determining flow in a short side direction or the flow in the side direction can be conveyed and stowage of the product to be loading. In this case, the luggage is transported in order of increasing weight, and in the same weight group, the luggage is determined by comparing the luggage with the larger bottom area or comparing the bottom area with the habitable area and giving priority to the larger area. It is considered that the goods are transported or loaded on a pallet for the same transport destination, and that the package is transported while separating the packages for each transport destination.

The experimental results obtained by stacking the method of the present invention and the conventional planar stacking method are shown in Table 1.

[0011]

[Table 1] Under the loading condition under the conditions of each data, the method of the present invention resulted in excellent loading conditions and loading efficiency. Table 2 shows the results of the loading operation using the loading software under the conditions of each data.

[0012]

[Table 2] It has been confirmed that when the flat stacking method is used for all data, unloading packing is large and the stowage efficiency is greatly reduced. According to the method of the present invention, good results are obtained without unloading packing.

According to the present invention, a combination of various kinds of products can be easily stacked with an instantaneous force using a palletizer or the like, and the loading efficiency and the stability of the loaded state after the loading are greatly improved. By the operation, the load can be appropriately and efficiently loaded on the pallet, the unloading operation for each destination can be simplified, and the operation efficiency can be greatly improved. In particular, the most efficient stowage can be selected according to the type, number, and pallet of the load, and the stowage can be stowed accurately in a limited space on the pallet, taking into account the stowage conditions. It is possible to reduce the load and shorten the stowage planning time, and it is also useful for improving the serviceability to the receiving side at the destination, and it is also possible to facilitate the stowage work and ensure safe transportation. In addition, when using a support plate provided at both upper and lower ends with slidable support pieces that sandwich and hold the articles stacked in a bar shape from above and below, even after being transferred onto a pallet. In addition, the articles stacked in a bar shape can be sandwiched and held from above and below, thereby preventing the collapse of the load and improving the safety.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system explanatory diagram of another embodiment method.

FIG. 3 is a system explanatory diagram of a method according to still another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conveyor 2 Luggage 3 Pallet 3 ₁ Receiving plate 4 Support plate 5 Supporting piece 6 Clamp

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B65G 57/22-57/24

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. When loading a plurality of delivery destinations or a package of different kinds of goods on a pallet, the delivery order is determined in advance and the goods are conveyed by a conveyor, and the goods cut out by the conveyance conveyor are palletized. In a loading method for loading articles on a loading surface, a support plate having slidable support pieces at both upper and lower ends for sandwiching and holding the articles stacked in a bar shape from above and below is provided on an article transport conveyor. And the pallets are arranged in an upright state, and by lowering the entire support plate, articles sequentially conveyed from the transport conveyor are formed into a bar-like shape in the vertical direction along the support plate wall surface. Stacking, at the time when a predetermined number of articles are stacked along the support plate wall surface, the support piece is moved to pinch and hold the articles stacked in a bar shape from above and below, A loading method comprising: lifting an article, which has been squeezed and held by the support piece such that the load cannot collapse, and transferring the article to a designated loading position on a pallet by lifting the entire support plate. 2. A method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: loading, on a pallet, a plurality of different delivery destinations or packages of different types of goods on a pallet; In a loading method for loading articles on a loading surface, a support plate having slidable support pieces at both upper and lower ends for sandwiching and holding the articles stacked in a bar shape from above and below is provided on an article transport conveyor. And the pallets are placed in a state of lying down along the article transport direction, and the articles conveyed from the transport conveyor are raised to bring the article bottom surface into a vertical state, and on the support plate in the lying state When the predetermined number of articles are arranged side by side on the support plate, the support piece is moved to sandwich the articles stacked in a rod shape from the left and right directions. A loading method, comprising: holding an article under pressure, causing the article, which has been squeezed and held by the support piece so as not to collapse, to raise the entire support plate, and to transfer the article to a designated pallet loading position. 3. When loading a plurality of destinations or different kinds of multi-type packages on a pallet, the packages are transported on a conveyor in a predetermined cutting order, and the packages cut on the transport conveyor are palletized. In a loading method for loading on a loading surface such as, the loading surface of the pallet is held in a vertical direction in advance, and the receiving plate is directed toward the transport conveyor along the lower edge of the vertically arranged pallet. The operation of arranging the articles flowing from the conveyor on the stacking surface of the pallet and arranging them in a bar on the receiving plate is sequentially repeated at adjacent positions. Loading the second tier and subsequent layers while moving the pallet in a vertical direction, and then causing the article to move vertically together with the pallet and the receiving plate and placing the article on the pallet Method.