JPH04327425A - Loading method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform the piling of the load into the assigned position on a pallet and unloading work to each destination efficiently with simple operation by operating a hot melt jetting device interlockingly so as to jet out hot melt onto a pallet or an already loaded load for the mark indication of the loading position and also for adhesion holding function. CONSTITUTION:The data on the geometry, weight and transport-consigned quantity of a load is inputted from a keyboard 4 and stored into a loading pattern storage part 7 through the control mechanism of a computer part 6. The loading position on a pallet 3 in the order of the load brought out is then computed by a computer part 6 and transmitted to a hot melt jetting device 9 through an output part 8 so that hot melt is jetted out onto the placing position of the bottom face, side face or end face of the load to perform the mark assignment of the loading position and also to provide adhesion holding function. Each face of the load conveyed on a conveyor 1 is then confirmed to set it to the mark indication part for loading. After loading, the following conveyance starting signal and loading signal are inputted into an input part 11 by an action signal based on button operation, weight change, or the like.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides convenient loading or stacking operations on pallets for delivery to each delivery destination when transporting packages such as cargo, other baggage, and goods on pallets. This relates to the loading method carried out under certain conditions.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, in pallet transport in which packages and cargoes are stacked on pallets, containers, etc., there is no problem if they are of the same type or a single type, but in the case of different types, workers have to change the loading plan on the pallet. Items are arranged one by one, one by one, in layers, taking into consideration the loading position on top of each other, which takes a lot of time and effort even for experienced workers, resulting in fatigue and fatigue. was also significantly larger. However, recently there has been an increasing demand for robots to automatically load cargo onto pallets. Attempts are also being made to automatically stow cargo on a single pallet, but automation using robots is limited to cargo of the same shape and size, and cargo is stowed on a single pallet, such as in a transportation system for high-mix, low-volume transportation. The greater the number of products that need to be handled, the more complex their operation control becomes, and the workability becomes extremely poor, making it impossible to actually stow cargo or taking too long to be practical at all. . Therefore, as a method of conveying the cargo stowage position to workers so that they can work, it is possible to display the stowage position on paper or on a CRT screen. It was necessary to stack the cargo without shifting it to the designated position while checking the situation, which made the work extremely difficult and unsatisfactory. Therefore, as a measure to improve this problem, automatic cargo stowage systems have been proposed as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-28226.

0003

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] However, in this automatic cargo stowage system, the worker specifies the laser spot irradiation position on the terminal screen, and the laser spot is irradiated onto the pallet or the loaded cargo. After detecting this spot position, the robot automatically stacks the cargo.
Not only does the work efficiency not improve because the operator specifies the loading position, but as the number of products increases, the instantaneous power of robots is inferior to that of humans, and it takes too much time, making it impractical. There have been problems in that the cargo tends to collapse after finishing, and the correction alignment work to prevent the cargo from collapsing is extremely troublesome, making it unsuitable for stacking a wide variety of products. The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks and makes it possible to stack cargo appropriately and extremely efficiently at designated positions on pallets without collapsing the cargo by simple operations, and also facilitates unloading work for each transport destination. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a loading method that can achieve a significant improvement in work efficiency.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention allows cargo to be transported to multiple destinations or a wide variety of different products to be loaded on a pallet by inputting and calculating the shape, dimensions, quantity, weight, etc. of the cargo. In the loading method, the order of cutting is decided in advance and conveyed by a conveyor, and the loading position on the pallet or already loaded baggage is specified for the cargo cut out by the conveyor. The stowage position and direction are calculated and input to the hot melt spraying device, which operates in conjunction with the hot melt sprayer to spray hot melt onto the pallet or loaded cargo, marking the stowage position and providing an adhesive holding function. This loading method is characterized by:

[0005]

[Function] In the loading operation according to the present invention, the operator determines the cutout order in advance by operating the transmission of the conveyance start signal of the conveyor 1, and the conveyed articles 2 are placed on the pallet 3.
To stack the items on top of each other, first input the dimensions, weight, and destination quantity of the baggage shape from the keyboard 4, and store the data in the stowage pattern storage unit 7 via the control mechanism of the computer unit 6. . Next, the computer section 6 calculates the positions at which the pieces of cargo to be cut out should be sequentially stacked on the pallet 3, and sends the information to the hot melt injection device 9 via the output section 8, and the hot melt is stacked on the pallet 3. It not only specifies the placement position by spraying it on the bottom, side, or surface of the baggage, but also has an adhesive holding function. The operator only needs to check the bottom, side, or living surface of the cargo 2 being conveyed onto the conveyor 1 and load it in line with the marked area, and after placing the cargo, press a button or send an operation signal based on changes in weight, etc. Then, the next conveyance start signal and loading signal are sent to the input section 11 via the conveyor control device 10.
The next cargo to be stowed and the stowage position are calculated by the computer section 6 according to the data in the storage section 7 and transmitted to the output section 8. This is then repeated to sequentially transport various cargoes onto the pallet 3. This allows for efficient stacking of items for each destination.

[0006]

[Embodiment] To explain an embodiment of the present invention using the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the shape, dimensions, quantity, weight, etc. of the cargo 2 are input using the keyboard 4, and the computer section 6 calculates the stowage pattern. By storing the data in the storage unit 7, when stacking packages that span multiple destinations or packages of different types on the pallet 3, the cutting order can be decided in advance and transported by the conveyor 1, and the cutout order can be determined in advance. In a loading method that specifies the stowage position on the pallet 3 or on the loaded baggage for the incoming cargo 2, the pre-calculated stowage position is input to the hot melt injection device 9, and the hot melt injection device 9 are operated in conjunction with each other to inject hot melt onto the pallet 3 or onto the loaded cargo, sequentially indicating marks with an adhesive holding function, and loading the cargo according to the instructions.

In this case, the spraying range of the hot melt spraying device 9 is as shown in FIG.
The x and y coordinates indicate the entire surface of the pallet 3. For example, this is done for each section arranged in a 20 x 20 grid, and the cargo placement surface is displayed as a spot on the pallet 3, letters and numbers are displayed, and the flap of the cargo is displayed. It is also possible to make the stowage position recognizable with a motif that indicates a straight line along the joining line. In any case, the computer section 6 calculates the stowage position, x, y
It outputs the coordinates of , and jets hot melt to create a position plane on the pallet.

[0008] The above-mentioned hot melt for indicating the mark is a colored one, and a movable nozzle is used to form a shape that indicates the upright stacking, side stacking, living area, and loading direction at the stacking position. and mark instructions. This mark display may include a code, symbol, or other figure designating each stacking direction, such as 〇 for upright stacking, × for side stacking,
The △ mark is displayed to indicate the living area, and the ink jetting device of the movable inkjet nozzle indicates the stacking position, but if necessary, numbers or letters can be printed to stack multiple identical items. You can also provide instructions on where to place them. Further, the marking instruction for the loading position is given from the second stage of stacked cargo on the pallet, and the first stage is indicated by lighting designation by a lighting device, voice designation, or ink mark designation. It is also possible to switch to other means. Furthermore, when the hot melt is colored, the coloring agent is of a type that disappears over time, for example, in a few hours, that is, an alkaline type that neutralizes the color with the acidity of the packaging material of the luggage, such as cardboard or wrapping paper, and disappears. It is possible to use a material that is erased by irradiation with a specific light beam, or a material that can be seen in response to a light beam of a specific wavelength, for example, a wavelength other than visible light. Further, the hot melt injection device 9 may have its nozzles or the entirety movably disposed on the pallet 3, but it may also be marked and displayed using a fixed multi-nozzle selection switching method.

The data input terminal of this computer 6 is a keyboard 4 for inputting the code of the baggage to be loaded and the like. For example, enter order data such as destination, product name, and quantity, add dimensions, weight, volume, shape, etc. to the product master, determine the unit based on total weight, total area, and number of destinations, and then select the weight group, bottom surface, etc. piled up,
The order of the products is determined based on the flags that can be stacked on the side or in the living area, and instructions are given to the product supply line, and the units are arranged in reverse order of delivery destinations and in the order of cutting. Then, stowage rules, i.e., stowage methods, such as maximum stowage height, grouping of items with similar dimensions (items with similar dimensions may be stacked on top), and stowage prohibitions (heavy items are prohibited on top of light items) ), etc., calculate the loading position and loading direction, decide whether to flow along the long side or short side, and check whether the item is correct using the logistics barcode. If Yes, hot melt is injected at the stowage position, and if No, the product is flowed to the bypass line, reworked and transported, and if necessary, the lighting system is linked to highlight the stowage position on the pallet so that workers can To stack the cargo, the worker only has to load each cargo 2 that is sequentially conveyed onto the conveyor 1, aligning the bottom, side, or surface of the cargo with the marked display area on the pallet. The cargo is fixed and maintained without collapsing, and the next transport start signal and stowage signal are input to the transport conveyor control device 10 in response to an operation signal such as a button operation, thereby transporting the next product to be loaded and displaying the stowage position. can.

[0010] The code for the cargo to be loaded can also be entered online from a central delivery control center. Furthermore, when the packages 2 flow on the conveyor 1 in the order of cut-outs, the stacking of multiple packages to be transported is performed according to a certain rule. For example, the pallets 3 may be stacked from the corner to a certain height and moved to the adjacent surface, or the pallets may be stacked from the corner to fill the entire corner, and when the first tier is filled, they are stacked on the next tier. In addition, the products are placed so as to fill the entire surface of pallet 3, but if products of the same size arrive, they are stacked on top of each other, and if the destination changes and products of the same size arrive again, they are stacked on top of the same product. You can also go there. In addition, if the product has flaps, the transport direction can be selected to match the direction of the flaps and the items can be stacked in that direction, but these instructions are given by instructions from the computer unit 6. .

[0011]Furthermore, the cargo is transported in descending order of weight, and within the same weight group, the cargo with the largest base area or the bottom area and living area are compared, and the larger area is given priority in the cutting order. Consideration is given to loading the cargo onto pallets for each destination, and transporting the cargo separately for each destination. In addition, the control unit 6 can display a stacking image pattern or numbers or other printed information on the monitor 5 to help with the work, and can display the stacking position of the next product for each product to be loaded in sequence. For melt injection, it is preferable to adopt a method in which the stacking pattern is instructed by the hot melt injection device 9 based on a signal indicating the end of the previous work. For example, a weight checker can detect changes in weight on a pallet, a manual or foot button can be operated after checking the stacked products, and a sensor that responds to voice can be installed to check the next load. A voice system that indicates the loading position using the speaker 91, or an optical sensor that detects the completion of loading using emitted and received light or reflected light (difference in the amount of received light) illuminates the next loading position, etc. , it is considered that the hot melt jetting device, the ink jetting device, and the lighting device are interlocked. Furthermore, when workers stack multiple items of the same product at once, they can either cut out multiple items in succession at a cutting station, stack multiple items, transport them, display this with a flashing signal, etc., and stack multiple items at once. It is also a good idea to improve work efficiency by notifying people when something is being picked up.

0012

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention can improve the shape, size, quantity,
By inputting and calculating weight, etc., you can determine the cutting order in advance and transport it on a conveyor when loading packages that span multiple destinations or a wide variety of different items on a pallet. In a loading method that specifies the loading position on a pallet or loaded baggage, the computer calculates the loading position and direction in advance and inputs it into the hot melt injection device for interlocking operation. Hot melt is sprayed onto the pallet or onto the loaded cargo to mark the loading position and has an adhesive holding function, allowing the cargo to be placed at the specified location on the pallet with simple operation and extremely efficiently. This enables them to be stacked well, allowing them to be safely handled without causing the cargo to collapse, and to simplify unloading work to each transport destination, resulting in a significant improvement in work efficiency. Especially,
To select the most efficient stowage method according to the type, number, and pallet of the cargo, and to take into consideration the stowage conditions to accurately stack the cargo in the limited space on the pallet and to make adjustments to prevent cargo from collapsing. It is possible to reduce transportation costs and shorten the loading planning time without any problems, and it also helps to improve service to the receiving side at the destination, making loading work smoother and ensuring safe transportation.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a loading device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing how the pallet of the embodiment is used.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Conveyor 2 Luggage 3 Palette 4 Keyboard 5. Monitor 6 Control mechanism 7　Stowage pattern storage section 8 Output section 9 Hot melt injection device 91 Speaker 10 Conveyor control device 11 Input section

Claims (3)

[Claims] [Claim 1] By inputting and calculating the shape, dimensions, quantity, weight, etc. of the cargo, it is possible to determine the cutting order in advance when stacking cargo that spans multiple destinations or a wide variety of different products on a pallet. In this loading method, the loading position is determined and transported on a conveyor, and the loading position on a pallet or pre-loaded baggage is specified for the load cut out by the conveyor.The computer section calculates the loading position and direction in advance. A loading method characterized by inputting information into a hot melt injection device and operating the hot melt in an interlocking manner to spray hot melt onto a pallet or onto pre-stacked cargo, mark the stowage position, and have an adhesive holding function. . 2. The loading method according to claim 1, wherein the hot melt is colored, and a movable nozzle is used to form a shape that indicates upright stacking, side stacking, or flattening at the stacking position. . 3. The marking instruction for the loading position is given from the second stage of stacked cargo on the pallet, and the first stage is marked by lighting designation, audio designation, or ink mark designation. 3. The loading method according to claim 1, wherein the loading method is carried out by switching means.