JPH04317748A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a crusher capable of changing safely and simply the set value of a crushing part by remote control without damaging equipment under operation. CONSTITUTION:Plural driving bars 42 are installed on the peripheral surface of an adjustment cap 40 engaged on the top of a bowl 20 in the longitudinal direction and keeping an equal space. A ratchet mechanism which can rotate around a vertical shaft and stops the rotation of the adjustment cap 40 by touching the driving bars 42 through a spring force is fixed. A pair of oil pressure cylinders 44, rotating clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, which rotate the driving bars by pressing the side faces of the bars, is installed. An oil pressure line is equipped with a pressure control valve which reduces the oil pressure of a clamping cylinder locking the engagement between the bowl and an adjustment ring in case of the setting adjustment to 10-15% of the normal pressure.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a crusher for producing coarse aggregate and fine aggregate used for concrete and asphalt mixture, etc., and in particular, it is capable of automatically and remotely controlling the minimum gap (set value) in the crushing section. Regarding the crusher.

0002

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a mantle was attached to cover a pine cone-shaped head that moved up and down while rotating eccentrically around a vertical axis, and the inside of a bowl was stationary on the outer periphery of the mantle. In a type of crusher where raw material is crushed between a bowl liner and a bowl liner, such as a cone crusher or a gyral disk, the minimum gap formed between the mantle and bowl liner is called a set or set value, and this set value can be adjusted. It controlled the product size of the crusher. When adjusting the set value, as shown in FIG. It was necessary to rotate counterclockwise to do this, and clockwise to reduce the set value. In order to do this, since the total weight of the bowl 20 and bowl liner 21 is large, it is necessary to use a crane or other lifting means to hang wires on hooks provided at four locations around the circumference of the adjustment cap 40, which has been attached to the upper end of the bowl in advance. In addition to making it free, 2 to 3
Either the wire is rotated by a specified amount by manual push by a human worker, or the wire is directly hooked onto the hook without being lifted, and the wire is wound several times around the outer circumference of the adjustment cap 40, and the other end of the wire is attached to a shovel loader, hoisting machine, etc. Trucks, other pulling devices, and pulleys were used to perform horizontal rotation work, but all of these methods were complicated and required long periods of suspension of operation.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the device of the present invention, instead of dispatching personnel to the site for such complicated and time-consuming work, it can be easily and automatically done without reducing the operating rate. The aim is to make it possible to easily change set values by remote control without damaging the equipment.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the crusher set adjustment device of the present invention includes a main frame, and an adjustment device mounted on the main frame and screwed onto the inner peripheral surface. a ring, a bowl whose outer circumferential surface is screwed and can be moved in the vertical direction by being screwed into the adjustment ring, and a main shaft which is disposed at the center bottom of the main frame and is vertically or nearly vertically supported via a boss. A crusher comprising: an eccentric fitted to the main shaft via a bearing and rotated eccentrically with respect to a vertical axis; a head fitted to the eccentric via a bearing and rotated; and rotational driving means for the eccentric. , a clamping ring that includes a release cylinder that urges the adjustment ring toward the main frame, a clamping cylinder that locks the screwing of the bowl and the adjustment ring, and a clamping ring that screws into the bowl; and the adjustment ring. At the same time, a plurality of drive bars are provided protruding from the side surface of the bowl or an adjustment cap having a cylindrical surface and arranged at the upper end of the bowl at equal intervals around the circumference, A ratchet mechanism is provided which is rotatable to the drive bar and which prevents rotation of the bowl by coming into contact with the drive bar through a spring force, and which unlocks the ratchet mechanism as the piston rod moves forward and locks the drive bar. A pair of hydraulic sills that press the sides of the bar to rotate the bowl clockwise or counterclockwise are arranged horizontally on the outside of the bowl or adjustment cap so as to be freely rotatable around a vertical axis;
A pressure switch is provided in the hydraulic circuit that sends a signal to stop the crusher operation when the normal load pressure of the release cylinder and clamping cylinder drops to 60% to 70%, and when the set adjustment is performed during load operation, the pressure switch is The hydraulic circuit is provided with a pressure regulating valve for reducing the pressure oil in the ping cylinder to 10% to 15% of the normal load pressure, and a solenoid valve for switching to the circuit leading to the pressure regulating valve.

[0005]

[Function] In the crusher of the present invention, when the pressure oil in the release cylinder and clamping cylinder is discharged due to leakage during operation and the pressure decreases, the pressure decreases within the range of 60% to 70% of the normal load pressure of each cylinder. When the pressure drops below the specified pressure, the pressure switch is activated and the main motor that drives the rotation of the eccentric stops, stopping the crusher from operating. This prevents product defects due to insufficient crushing force due to a drop in pressure in the release cylinder, and damage due to rattling of the threaded portions of the bowl and adjustment ring due to a drop in pressure in the clamping cylinder. In addition, when adjusting the set during operation, the pressure oil in the clamping cylinder can be maintained at 10% to 15% of the normal load pressure, so the bowl can rotate smoothly relative to the adjustment ring, and both Since the threaded part is completely locked and not free, and a certain level of restraining force is maintained, rattling of the screw fitting is prevented and damage to the threaded part is avoided.

To specifically explain the operation of the set adjustment device of the present invention, when the bowl is rotated clockwise, the piston rod of the clockwise ram cylinder 44A of the pair of hydraulic cylinders 44 is protruded. . Then, the striker 44a of the ram cylinder 44A hits the bowl lock 5.
The tip of the bowl lock 50 is rotated in the direction of unlocking the bowl lock by overcoming the biasing force of the tension coil spring 50b for tensioning 0, and the driver 44b also provided at the tip of the piston rod performs adjustment. The adjustment cap 40 is rotated clockwise by one pitch by contacting one side of the drive bar 42 provided on the cap 40. After that, ram cylinder 44A
The piston rod moves back once and moves forward again to perform the same operation, and the adjustment cap 4
Rotate 0 by 1 pitch. Thereafter, the set value is changed by rotating by the required pitch in the same manner. When rotating the bowl counterclockwise, the counterclockwise ram cylinder 44B is driven to perform the same operation.

[0007]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the crusher set adjustment device of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of the crusher,
Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the crusher, Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the main parts of the set adjustment device, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the main parts of the set adjustment device, Fig. 5 is a control system diagram of the set adjustment device, and Fig. 6 is the hydraulic pressure FIG. 3 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the unit.

In the figure, 1 is a crusher, 2 is a main frame, and a vertical main shaft 4 is erected from a boss 3 at the lower center of the main frame 2. A cylindrical eccentric 5 that is slightly eccentric from the central axis is fitted into the upper half of the main shaft 4 via an eccentric bush 6, and a pine cone-shaped head 8 is fitted via a head bush 7. equipped. The outside of the head 8 is covered with a similarly pine-shaped mantle 9, and the raw material is crushed between the mantle 9 and a bowl liner 21, which will be described later. On the lower end surface of the eccentric 5, there is an eccentric 5 and a head 8 that rotate between a pair of upper and lower thrust bearings 18 and 19.
The main shaft 4 transmits the full load of the mantle 9 and the compressive load during the crushing movement to the main frame 2.
A head ball 16 is seated on a spherical seat 17 at the upper end of the ball to promote smooth rotation. A gear 10 composed of a bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the eccentric 5.
The eccentric 5 is rotatably driven by a pulley 14 and via a pinion 11 of a bevel gear at the tip of a horizontal rotating shaft 12 which is supported by bearings 13, 13. A feed plate 15 distributes the raw material input into the hopper 23 equally around the circumference.

On the other hand, an adjustment ring 22 is placed on the upper end surface of the main frame 2 via a tapered surface, and is constantly pulled downward via a release cylinder 25 to be brought into close contact with the main frame 2. Between the main frame 2 and the adjustment ring 22, four to six through holes are provided in the circumference, and main frame pins 2a for preventing rotation are passed through them. A right-handed tapered screw is threaded on the inner peripheral surface of the adjustment ring 22, and the bowl 20 is screwed onto the outer periphery of the adjustment ring 22.
The bowl 20 is configured to be movable up and down by the rotation. In addition, in order to lock the threaded connection between the adjustment ring 22 and the bowl 20 during operation, a clamp ring 22a similarly screwed onto the inner peripheral surface is placed on the adjustment ring 22, and the piston rod is secured to the clamp ring 22a. The piston rod of a clamping cylinder 24, which is fastened to the adjustment ring 22 and whose cylinder is fixed to the clamp ring 22a, is protruded by hydraulic pressure to apply a strong force to the contact surfaces of both screws. .

A bowl liner 21 is fixedly installed inside the bowl 20 and forms a crushing chamber with the mantle 9. An adjustment cap 40 is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper end of the bowl 20 with stud bolts.

Next, the set adjustment device will be explained. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the adjustment cap 4
Protruding drive bars 42 made of square timber are arranged at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the drive bar 0. On the outside of the adjustment cap 40, there is a bowl lock 50 that is rotatable around a vertical shaft 50a and has a protrusion 50c facing inward at the center. A tension coil spring 50b is mounted between the fixed bracket and one end of the bowl lock 50. Therefore, unless the bowl lock 50 is unlocked,
Due to the ratchet mechanism, the tip of the protrusion 50c is always in contact with the peripheral wall of the adjustment cap 40, and when the side surface of the protrusion 50c and the side surface of the drive bar 42 are in contact with each other, the adjustment cap 40 cannot be rotated. However, by forming the other surface of the protrusion 50c into a tapered shape, the adjustment cap 50
When rotating counterclockwise, this bowl lock 50 is flipped up to allow rotation.

A pair of ram cylinders 44 are disposed horizontally on the distal end side of the bowl lock 50 so as to be rotatable about a vertical shaft 45 located approximately at the center.
4, that is, the cylinder rod side ends of the clockwise ram cylinder 44A and the counterclockwise ram cylinder 44B are fastened together by a tension coil spring 46, and the piston rod side is biased to face the adjustment cap 40 side. ing. At the tip of the piston rod of the ram cylinder 44, a bowl lock 50 is attached to the drive bar 42 due to its protrusion.
A striker 44a that is rotationally driven in a direction that makes it more detachable.
is attached to the piston rod, and above it is the piston rod.
A driver 44b that presses the side surface of the drive bar 42 is attached. Therefore, due to the advancement of the piston rod,
The drive bar 42 is pressed at the same time as the bowl lock 50 is unlocked, so that the adjustment cap 40 can be rotated. When rotating the adjustment ring 40 clockwise, the ram cylinder 44A is driven; when rotating the adjustment ring 40 counterclockwise, the ram cylinder 44A is driven.
Drives 4B.

On the other hand, a proximity switch 70 is fixedly arranged opposite to the front center of at least one of the drive bars 42 as shown in FIG. 3, and has a programmable operation as shown in FIG. It is connected to a control panel 100 that houses a display 110 and a sequencer control device 120. The control panel 100 includes a solenoid valve 62 that switches the pressure oil to the clamping cylinder 24, solenoid valves 64 and 66 that switches the pressure oil to the ram cylinders 44 (44A and 44B), and a limit switch that detects the backward limit of the ram cylinder 44. 67
, 68, and transmits operation commands and detection signals, respectively.

Next, the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic unit 60 will be explained. As shown in Figure 6, the release cylinder 25
and controls the driving operations of the clamping cylinder 24 and the ram cylinder 44. 301 is an oil tank, 302 is an oil level gauge,
305 is a strainer, 306 is an electric motor, 307 is a coupling, 308 is a hydraulic pump, 309 is a filter, 31
1 is a pressure gauge, 313 and 314 are pressure switches, 317 is a solenoid valve, 318 is a check valve, 319 is a relief valve, 320
is a solenoid valve, 321 is a solenoid valve, 322 is a pressure regulating valve, 32
3 is a solenoid valve, 324 is a relief valve, 325 is a solenoid valve, 3
26 is a solenoid valve, 327 is a solenoid valve, 328 is a pilot check valve, 329 is an in-line check valve, 330 is an accumulator, 331 is an air bleed valve, and 332 is a pressure switch. The numbers in parentheses in the figure are set pressure (kg/cm
2) is shown.

In the system of the release cylinder 25, a pressure switch 314 is provided so that the release pressure can be set in the range of 115 to 125 kg/cm2, and the pressure switch 314 is set so that the crusher stops when the release pressure becomes 80 kg/cm2 or less during operation. A switch 313 is provided. In the system of the clamping cylinder 24, the clamping pressure is set to 150 to 17
Pressure switch 3 so that it can be set within the range of 5kg/cm2
14 is installed, and the clamp pressure during operation is 105 kg/cm2.
A pressure switch 313 is provided so that the crusher can be stopped when the pressure is below. Above set pressure 80kg/cm
2 and 105kg/cm2 are both normal load pressure 1
15-125kg/cm2 and normal load pressure 15-1
The pressure was selected from a range of 60% to 70% of 75 kg/cm2. In addition, in the clamping cylinder system,
Because it is necessary to adjust the set during load operation, the normal load pressure is 150 to 175 k to release the clamp pressure.
21kg/cm, equivalent to 10% to 15% of g/cm2
Step 2: Lower the clamp pressure and perform set adjustment. Therefore, a pressure switch 332 is provided, a set adjustment command signal is sent to the solenoid valve 21, and pressure oil is made to flow to the pressure adjustment valve 322, which is set at 21 kg/cm2. operate.

In the present invention, since the set value is changed without stopping the crusher during operation, if the pressure applied to the clamping cylinder 24 is set to 0, the raw material caught in the crushing part during the set value adjustment will The meshing parts of the gears may become loose and the gears may be damaged. Therefore, the normal pressure is 150-175 kg/c.
A pressure in the range 10% to 15% of m2, e.g. 21
Reduce the pressure to kg/cm2 and hold. The reason for setting the pressure to be reduced within this range is that gears begin to rattle when the pressure decreases below 10%, and when the pressure decreases below 15%,
If this happens, the lock of engagement will not be released sufficiently and the bowl 20 will not rotate smoothly in the next step.

The reason why the in-line check valve 329 is provided is to ensure that when one ram cylinder 44 is actuated to advance, the other ram cylinder 44 is held at the backward limit. In addition, the reason why the solenoid valve 320 was provided is as follows.
When adjusting the set, the solenoid valve 321 is energized and the pressure oil in the piping is
In order to prevent the interlock from operating even if the pressure drops to 1 kg/cm2, the crusher operation stops (that is, the crusher main motor stops) when the condition of 105 kg/cm2 or less set by the pressure switch 313 is satisfied. This is to maintain the pressure in the piping below the solenoid valve 320 at a normal pressure.

The operation of the crusher set adjustment device of the present invention constructed as described above will be explained. First, as a result of wear of the mantle 9 and bowl liner 21 that form the crushing part, products larger than the desired product size come out, and if you want to correct the set value immediately,
0, that is, it is necessary to rotate the adjustment cap 40 clockwise and lower it to change the set value to a smaller value. In such a case, input the pitch number (number of frames) of the drive bar 42 corresponding to the direction of rotation and the amount of descent into the programmable display 110 of the control panel 100, release the pressure oil in the clamping cylinder 24,
The screw locking force between the bowl 20 and the adjustment ring 22 is released to make the bowl 20 rotatable. After that, the ram cylinder 4 corresponding to the specified rotation direction is
4 is selected, and by moving the piston rod of the clockwise ram cylinder 44A forward and backward this number of times according to the specified number of pitches, the adjustment cap 40 rotates by the predetermined number of pitches and descends by the required amount. The set value is changed. When enlarging the set value, the same operation is repeated using the ram cylinder 44B. After the set change is completed, the piston rod is retracted to the retract limit so that the protrusion 50C of the bowl lock 50 comes into contact with one of the drive bars 42 and is locked. Then, the rod of the clamping cylinder 24 is moved forward and locked again. In addition, it is preferable that the vertical movement distance for one pitch of the drive bar is selected in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and the number of drive bars 42 is selected. Further, the forward limit of the ram cylinder 44 is detected by a proximity switch 70, and the backward limit is detected by limit switches 67, 68. The number of pitches mentioned above, ie the number of actuations of the ram cylinder, is counted by the proximity switch 70. Proximity switches may be used as the limit switches 67 and 68 for eye regression detection.

In this way, each time it is necessary to change the set value, a command is sent via the control panel 100 to the hydraulic unit 60 that operates the clamping cylinder 24 and the ram cylinder 44. By remotely controlling and automatically rotating the adjustment cap 40 during operation, set values can be easily changed in a short time.

Note that the stationary adjustment ring 22
In contrast, the bowl 20 is provided so as to be able to move up and down, and a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders are provided between the two on the circumference.
It is also possible to change the set value by raising and lowering the cylinder, but in this case, the hydraulic cylinder must be filled with pressure oil at all times in order to maintain the specified set value. However, it is impossible to completely eliminate leakage of pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder for a long period of time, such as several months to one year, and the set value changes depending on the amount of leakage, which is not preferable. In contrast, in the present invention, the adjustment ring 22 and the bowl 20 are screwed together, and the screw rotation is locked by the bowl lock 50, so that the above-mentioned disadvantages do not occur and the present invention is superior.

[0021]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the crusher of the present invention automatically and easily moves the bowl to the adjustment ring by remote control during operation by operating the drive bar, bowl lock, and ram cylinder provided on the adjustment cap. The set value can be changed by rotating it up and down. Therefore, lost time due to idle operation can be prevented and maintainability can be significantly improved. In addition, the crusher can automatically stop when the pressure drop in the release cylinder or clamping cylinder falls below a set value, and the clamp pressure can be maintained at an appropriate level when adjusting the set, which prevents equipment damage and is safe. Excellent properties. After the set is completed, the adjustment ring and bowl are locked in a double manner, so that the set value remains unchanged and the product size remains uniform.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of a crusher showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially sectional perspective view of a crusher showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of a crusher set adjustment device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of essential parts of a crusher set adjustment device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a control system diagram of a crusher set adjustment device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a hydraulic unit of a crusher showing one embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Crusher 2 Mainframe 2a Main frame pin 3 Boss 4 Main shaft 5 Eccentric 6 Eccentric bush 7 Head bush 8 Head 9 Mantle 10 Gear 11 Pinion 12 Rotation axis 13 Bearing 14 V pulley 15 Feed plate 16 Head ball 17 Spherical seat 18 Upper thrust bearing 19 Lower thrust bearing 20 Bowl 21 Bowl liner 22 Adjustment ring 22a Clamping ring 23 Hopper 24 Clamping cylinder 25 Release cylinder 40 Adjustment cap 42 Drive bar 44 Ram cylinder 44a Striker 44b driver 44A Clockwise ram cylinder 44B Ram cylinder for counterclockwise rotation 45 Vertical axis 46 Tension coil spring 50 Bowl Rock 60 Hydraulic unit 62 Solenoid valve 64 Solenoid valve 66 Solenoid valve 67 Limit switch 68 Limit switch 70 Proximity switch 100 Control panel 110 Programmable operation display 120 Sequencer control device 301 Oil tank 302 Oil level gauge 308 Hydraulic pump 313 Pressure switch 314 Pressure switch 317 Solenoid valve 318 Check valve 319 Relief valve 320 Solenoid valve 321 Solenoid valve 322 Pressure regulating valve 323 Solenoid valve 324 Relief valve 325 Solenoid valve 326 Solenoid valve 327 Solenoid valve 328 Pilot check valve 329 In-line check valve 330 Accumulator 331 Air bleed valve 332 Pressure switch

Claims (1)

[Claims] [Claim 1] A main frame, an adjustment ring mounted on the main frame and screwed on the inner peripheral surface, and an adjustment ring screwed on the outer peripheral surface and movable in the vertical direction by being screwed into the adjustment ring. a main shaft disposed at the center bottom of the main frame and supported vertically or nearly vertically via a boss; and an eccentric shaft fitted to the main shaft via a bearing and rotating eccentrically with respect to the vertical axis. a crusher having a head that is fitted on the eccentric through a bearing and rotates; and a rotational drive means for the eccentric; the crusher includes a release cylinder that biases the adjustment ring toward the main frame; A clamping cylinder that locks the screw base of the adjustment ring is disposed and connected between the clamping ring that is threadedly engaged with the bowl and the adjustment ring, and a clamping cylinder that is disposed on the bowl or the upper end of the bowl. A plurality of drive bars are protruded from the side surface of the adjustment cap having a cylindrical surface at equal intervals around the circumference, and are rotatable around a vertical axis and abut against the drive bars through spring force to control the rotation of the bowl. It is equipped with a ratchet mechanism for restraining and unlocks the ratchet mechanism as the piston rod moves forward, and
A pair of hydraulic cylinders that press the side surface of the drive bar to rotate the bowl clockwise or counterclockwise are horizontally disposed outside the bowl or the adjustment cap so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis, and the release A pressure switch is installed in the hydraulic circuit that sends a signal to stop the crusher operation when the normal load pressure of the cylinder and clamping cylinder drops to 60% to 70%. A crusher characterized in that a hydraulic circuit is provided with a pressure regulating valve for reducing the pressure oil to 10% to 15% of the normal load pressure, and a solenoid valve for switching to a circuit leading to the pressure regulating valve.