JP2748999B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher for producing coarse aggregate and fine aggregate for use in concrete and asphalt mixes, and more particularly to a crusher capable of automatically setting a minimum gap (set value) at a crushed portion by automatic remote control. About crushers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a mantle mounted so as to cover a pine cone-shaped head that moves up and down while rotating eccentrically about a vertical axis, and the inside of a bowl stationaryly disposed around the mantle. In a crusher of the type in which the raw material is crushed with a bowl liner, such as a cone crusher or a gyra disc, the minimum gap formed between the mantle and the bowl liner is called a set or set value, and this set value is adjusted. It controlled the crusher product size. When adjusting the set value, as shown in FIG. 1, the adjustment ring 22 mounted on the main frame 2 is kept stationary, and the bowl 20 screwed with the adjustment ring 22 is enlarged to increase the set value. In order to reduce the set value, it was necessary to rotate counterclockwise in order to reduce the set value. For this purpose, since the total weight of the bowl 20 and the bowl liner 21 is large, wires are respectively hooked on hooks provided at four circumferential positions of the adjustment cap 40 previously attached to the upper end of the bowl by using a lifting means such as a crane, and gravity. To the free state,
The wire is directly wound on the above-mentioned hook without being lifted or wound around the outer periphery of the adjustment cap 40 for several turns by pushing three hands, and the other end of the wire is shovel loader, hoisting machine. ,
They used trucks and other pulling devices and pulleys to rotate horizontally, but all of these operations were complicated and forced to suspend operation for a long time.

[0003]

In the apparatus according to the present invention, a person is dispatched to the site to replace such complicated and time-consuming work simply and automatically without reducing the operation rate. The remote control allows the operator to easily change the set value without damaging the equipment. At the same time, the operator can perform various operations from start to stop by inputting / outputting the screen display on the operation panel. It can respond via the interface.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a crusher according to the present invention comprises a main frame, an adjustment ring mounted on the main frame and having an inner peripheral surface screwed therein. A bowl having an outer peripheral surface threaded therein and capable of being moved up and down by being screwed into the adjustment ring; and a main shaft disposed at the center bottom of the main frame and vertically or substantially vertically supported via a boss. A crusher having an eccentric fitted to the main shaft via a bearing and eccentrically rotated about a vertical axis, a head fitted and rotated to the eccentric via a bearing, and eccentric rotation driving means; A release cylinder for urging the adjustment ring toward the main frame; A clamping cylinder that locks the threading of the tring is disposed and connected between the clamping ring that is threadedly engaged with the bowl and the adjustment ring. A plurality of drive bars protruding from the side surface of the adjustment cap at equal circumferential intervals, and being rotatable about a vertical axis and abutting on the drive bar via a spring force to prevent rotation of the bowl. A pair of hydraulic cylinders, which release the lock of the ratchet mechanism as the piston rod advances and press the side surface of the drive bar to rotate the bowl clockwise or counterclockwise. Alternatively, the drive cap is disposed horizontally so as to be rotatable around a vertical axis outside the adjustment cap, and at least one of the drive bars is provided. A control switch, comprising a hydraulic switch for driving the pair of hydraulic cylinders, and a control device comprising a programmable operation display for transmitting operation commands to the hydraulic unit and a sequencer control device. A panel is provided, and the sequencer controller and the programmable operation display are provided with an operation procedure from start to stop of the crusher, a program function for set adjustment, and a screen display function.

[0005]

In the crusher of the present invention, a series of operations from the start to the stop of the operation are all programmed and stored in the sequence controller through the programmable operation display. Then, each operation sequentially proceeds according to a question displayed on the screen and a response to a key operation in response thereto, and each device is driven and driven. Also, when it is necessary to adjust the crusher set, that is, when it is necessary to readjust the set value, which is the minimum clearance of the crushing part, due to the progress of wear on the pair of upper and lower liners of the crushing part during operation. When an operation command is input to rotate the bowl clockwise or counterclockwise depending on whether the set value is reduced or increased with respect to the current state, the device operates according to a predetermined operation procedure. According to the program, the number of rotation pitches (number of frame feeds) of the drive bar is determined. Then, the working pressure of the clamping cylinder fixed to the clamping ring that locks the screwing of the bowl and the adjustment ring is reduced to 10% to 15% of the working pressure to reduce the working pressure of both (the bowl and the adjustment ring). unlock.

After the preliminary preparation is completed, the hydraulic cylinder (ram cylinder) corresponding to the designated rotation direction is reciprocated by the number of frame feeds, and the side surface of the drive bar is pressed to move the bowl by the required number of frame feeds. The set value is changed by lowering or raising by rotating. Thereafter, the hydraulic pressure of the unlocked clamping cylinder is returned to the normal pressure again and raised to lock the screwing of the bowl and the adjustment ring. By the above operation procedure,
The set value is changed to the required value. In addition, a failure display and an alarm during the operation are displayed on the screen of the programmable operation display, and the operation operator can immediately respond accordingly.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 9 show an embodiment of a crusher set adjusting device according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of the crusher,
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the crusher, FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of main parts of the set adjusting device, FIG. 4 is a plan view of main parts of the set adjusting device, FIG. 5 is a control system diagram of the set adjusting device, and FIG. FIG. 7 is an input / output system diagram of the control device, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a screen display of the programmable operation display, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of various messages displayed on both sides of the programmable operation display. is there.

In the figure, 1 is a crusher, 2 is a main frame, and a vertical main shaft 4 is erected on a boss 3 at a lower central portion of the main frame 2. A cylindrical eccentric 5, which is somewhat eccentric from the center axis, is fitted to the upper half of the main shaft 4 via an eccentric bush 6, and a pine cone-shaped head 8 is further fitted via a head bush 7. Is equipped. The outside of the head 8 is also covered with a pine cone-shaped mantle 9, and the raw material is crushed between the mantle 9 and a bowl liner 21 described later. On the lower end surface of the eccentric 5, the entire load of the eccentric 5, the head 8 and the mantle 9 rotating between the pair of upper and lower thrust bearings 18 and the lower thrust bearing 19 and the compressive load during the crushing movement are transmitted to the main frame 2. At the same time, the head ball 16 sits on the spherical seat 17 at the upper end of the main shaft 4 to promote smooth rotation. On the outer periphery of the lower end of the eccentric 5, a gear 10 composed of a bevel gear is fixedly provided.
The eccentric 5 is rotationally driven by a V-pulley 14 and is rotationally driven via a pinion 11 of a bevel gear at the tip of a horizontal rotating shaft 12 which is supported by bearings 13 and 13. 15 is a feed plate,
The raw material supplied to the hopper 23 is equally distributed around the circumference.

On the other hand, an adjustment ring 22 is mounted on the upper end surface of the main frame 2 via a tapered surface, and is constantly pulled downward through a release cylinder 25 to be in close contact with the main frame 2. Four to six circumferential holes are provided between the main frame 2 and the adjustment ring 22, and the main frame pins 2 a for preventing rotation are penetrated. A right-hand taper screw is threaded on the inner peripheral surface of the adjustment ring 22 and is screwed into a bowl 20 having a right-hand taper screw similarly threaded on the outer periphery thereof.
The bowl 20 is configured to be vertically movable by the rotation of zero. Further, in order to lock the screwing of the adjustment ring 22 and the bowl 20 during operation, a clamp ring 22a screwed on the inner peripheral surface is mounted on the adjustment ring 22 in the same manner, and a piston rod is mounted. It is fastened to the adjustment ring 22, and the cylinder projects a piston rod of the clamping cylinder 24 fixedly mounted on the clamp ring 22a by hydraulic pressure, so that a strong force is applied to the contact surface of both screws. .

A bowl liner 21 is fixed inside the bowl 20 and forms a crushing chamber with the mantle 9. An adjustment cap 40 is fixedly mounted on the outer periphery of the upper end of the bowl 20 with a stud.

Next, the set adjusting device will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the adjustment cap 4
On the outer periphery of 0, protruding drive bars 42 made of square bars are arranged at equal intervals. On the outside of the adjustment cap 40, there is a bowl lock 50 rotatable around the vertical shaft 50a and having a projection 50c facing inward at the center, and the projection 50c is rotationally urged in a direction in which it contacts the side surface of the drive bar. A tension coil spring 50b is elastically mounted between the fixed bracket and one end of the bowl lock 50. Therefore, unless the bowl lock 50 is unlocked,
When the tip of the projection 50c constantly contacts the peripheral wall of the adjustment cap 40 by the ratchet mechanism, and the side surface of the projection 50c contacts the side surface of the drive bar 42, the adjustment cap 40 cannot be rotated. However, by forming the other surface of the projection 50c in a tapered shape, the adjustment cap 50
When the bowl is rotated counterclockwise, the bowl lock 50 is flipped up and rotated.

A pair of ram cylinders 44 are disposed horizontally at the tip end of the bowl lock 50 so as to be rotatable about a vertical shaft 45 substantially at the center.
4. That is, the rod-side ends of the right-handed ram cylinder 44A and the left-handed ram cylinder 44B are fastened by a tension coil spring 46, and the piston rod side is urged to face the adjustment cap 40 side. ing. At the tip of the piston rod of the ram cylinder 44, the bowl lock 50
The striker 44 that is driven to rotate in a direction to separate from the striker 44
and a driver 44b pressing the side surface of the drive bar 42 on the piston rod.
Is attached. Therefore, the advancement of the piston rod unlocks (unlocks) the bowl lock 50 and simultaneously presses the drive bar 42, thereby rotating the adjustment cap 40. When the adjustment ring 40 is turned clockwise, the ram cylinder 44A is driven, and when the adjustment ring 40 is turned counterclockwise, the ram cylinder 44B is driven.

On the other hand, a proximity switch 70 is fixedly arranged as shown in FIG. 3 so as to face the center of the front of at least one of the drive bars 42, and as shown in FIG. It is connected to a control panel (control panel) 100 that stores a display 110 and a sequencer controller 120. From the control panel 100, the solenoid valve 62 for switching the pressure oil to the clamping cylinder 24, the solenoid valves 64 and 66 for switching the pressure oil of the ram cylinder 44 (44A and 44B), and the limit switch for detecting the retreat limit of the ram cylinder 44 6
7 and 68, and transmit an operation command and a detection signal, respectively.

Next, the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic unit 60 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6, the hydraulic unit 60 controls the driving operation of the release cylinder 25, the clamping cylinder 24, and the ram cylinder 44. 301 is an oil tank, 302 is an oil level gauge, 305 is a strainer, 306 is an electric motor, 307 is a coupling, 308 is a hydraulic pump, 3
09 is a filter, 311 is a pressure gauge, 313 and 314 are pressure switches, 317 is a solenoid valve, 318 is a check valve, 319
Is a relief valve, 320 is a solenoid valve, 321 is a solenoid valve, 32
2 is a pressure regulating valve, 323 is a solenoid valve, 324 is a relief valve, 325 is a solenoid valve, 326 is a solenoid valve, 327 is a solenoid valve, 328 is a pilot check valve, 328 is an in-line check valve, 329 is an accumulator, and 330 is an accumulator. Is an air bleed valve, and 332 is a pressure switch. Numerical values in parentheses in the figure indicate set pressures (kg / cm ² ).

[0015] In the system of the release cylinder 25, the pressure switch 314 to be able to set the release pressure in the range of 115~125kg / cm ² provided, so that the crusher is stopped when the operation in the release pressure became 80 kg / cm ² or less Was provided with a pressure switch 313. In the system of the clamping cylinder 24, the clamping pressure is set to 150 to 17
Pressure switch 3 so that it can be set in the range of 5 kg / cm ²
14 and a clamping pressure of 105 kg / cm ² during operation.
A pressure switch 313 is provided so that the crusher can be stopped in the following cases. The above set pressure 80kg / cm
² and 105 kg / cm ² are normal load pressure 1
15-125 kg / cm ² and normal load pressure 150-
The pressure is selected from a range of 60% to 70% of 175 kg / cm ² . Further, in the system of the clamping cylinder, it is necessary to adjust the set during the load operation.
21 kg / corresponding to 10% to 15% of 5 kg / cm ²
Set adjustment is performed by lowering the clamp pressure to cm ² . Therefore, a pressure switch 332 is provided and the solenoid valve 32
Send set adjustment command signal to 1 and pressurize oil at 21kg / c
By flowing the pressure through the pressure adjusting valve 322 set to m ² , the clamp pressure is set to 21 kg / cm ² and the ram cylinder 44 is operated.

In the present invention, the set value is changed without stopping the crusher during operation. Therefore, if the pressure applied to the clamping cylinder 24 is set to 0, the material caught in the crushing section during the set value adjustment depends on the material. There is a danger that the meshing portion of the gear will rattle and damage the gear. Therefore, the working pressure, ie, 150 to 175 kg / c
The pressure is in the range of 10% to 15% of m ^2, for example 21
Reduce the pressure to kg / cm ² and hold. The reason why the pressure to be reduced is set in this range is that when the pressure becomes 10% or less, the rattling of the gear starts to occur, and the pressure is reduced by 15%.
This is because the lock of the engagement is not sufficiently released and the rotation of the bowl 20 in the next step is not performed smoothly.

The reason why the in-line check valve 329 is provided is that when one of the ram cylinders 44 is operated to move forward, the other ram cylinder 44 is reliably held at the retreat limit. The reason for providing the solenoid valve 320 is as follows.
When the set is adjusted, the solenoid valve 321 is excited to reduce the pressure oil in the piping to 2
Even if the pressure drops to 1 kg / cm ² , the interlock of stopping the crusher operation (ie, stopping the crusher main motor) while satisfying the condition of 105 kg / cm ² or less set by the pressure switch 313 is not activated. This is because the pressure in the piping below the solenoid valve 320 is maintained at the normal pressure.

The operation of the crusher set adjusting device of the present invention configured as described above will be described. First, when the mantle 9 and the bowl liner 21 forming the crushing portion are worn out, a product larger than a desired product size comes out, and when it is desired to correct the set value immediately, the bowl 2 is used.
0, that is, it is necessary to rotate the adjustment cap 40 clockwise and lower it to change the set value to a smaller value. In such a case, the number of pitches (number of frames) of the drive bar 42 corresponding to the rotation direction and the descending amount is input to the programmable display 110 of the control panel 100, the hydraulic pump 308 is started, and the electromagnetic valves 317,
320 and 321 are actuated to release the pressure oil of the clamping cylinder 24 and the bowl 20 and the adjustment ring 2
The screw locking force of Step 2 is released to make the bowl 20 rotatable. Then, the ram cylinder 44 corresponding to the designated rotation direction is selected (the solenoid valve 323 or the solenoid valve 325 is excited), and according to the designated pitch number,
For example, by moving the piston rod of the clockwise ram cylinder 44A forward and backward by this number of times, the adjustment cap 40 is rotated by a predetermined number of pitches and lowered by a required amount to change the set value. When increasing the set value, the same operation is repeated using the ram cylinder 44B. After changing the set, solenoid valve 323,
325 is demagnetized and the piston rod retracts to the retreat limit so that the projection 50c of the bowl lock 50 contacts one of the drive bars 42 and is locked. Then, the solenoid valve 317 is demagnetized, and the rod of the clamping cylinder 24 is again advanced and locked. The above drive bar 1
The vertical movement allowance for the pitch may be selected in the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, and the number of drive bars 42 may be selected.
Further, the forward limit of the ram cylinder 44 is detected by the proximity switch 70, and the backward limit is limited by the limit switches 67 and 68.
It is detected by. The above-mentioned pitch number, that is, the number of times the ram cylinder is operated is counted by the proximity switch 70. Proximity switches may be used for the limit switches 67 and 68 for backward limit detection.

In this way, each time the set value needs to be changed, a command is transmitted to the hydraulic unit 60 operated by the clamping cylinder 24 or the ram cylinder 44 via the control panel 100 to perform remote control. In addition, the set value can be easily changed in a short time by automatically rotating the adjustment cap 40 during operation.

The stationary adjustment ring 22
, A bowl 20 is provided so as to be slidable up and down, and a plurality of vertical hydraulic cylinders are provided circumferentially between the bowl 20 and the bowl 20.
It is also conceivable that the set value can be changed by raising and lowering the pressure, but in this case, the hydraulic oil must always be filled in the hydraulic cylinder in order to maintain the specified set value. However, it is impossible to completely eliminate the leakage of the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder for a long period of several months to one year, and the set value changes in accordance with the amount of the leakage, which is not preferable. On the other hand, in the present invention, the adjustment ring 22 and the bowl 20 are screwed together, and the screw rotation is locked by the bowl lock 50, so that the above-described inconvenience does not occur, which is excellent.

Next, the program function and the screen display function of the sequencer controller 120 and the programmable operation display 110 will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the programmable operation display 110 and the sequencer controller 120 stored in the control panel 100 transmit operation signals to a crusher driving electric motor, a refueling pump of a refueling device, and a hydraulic pump of a hydraulic unit 60. Receives control signals from proximity switches and limit switches.
On the front surface of the programmable operation display 110, there are provided a switch for key operation, an operation button key 110b, and a liquid crystal display screen 110a. The display screen is, for example, as shown in FIG. Various operations at each stage can be responded to by an interface with a screen in accordance with the activation order. In addition, the operating status during operation and the wear status of the crushing section liner are displayed.
Each operation at the time of the set adjustment can be sequentially performed in response to a command for screen display in accordance with a programmed order. Further, various abnormal signals and trouble information are displayed and alarmed by, for example, a message as shown in FIG.

[0022]

As described above, in the crusher of the present invention, the bowl is automatically and easily adjusted by remote control during operation by operating the drive bar, the bowl lock, and the ram cylinder provided on the adjustment cap. The set value can be freely changed by rotating the ring up and down. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the loss time of the stoppage, improve the production efficiency, and remarkably improve the maintainability. In addition, it has a program function for various operation procedures and set adjustment, and at the same time, driving information and trouble information are displayed on the screen every moment, so that the driving operation of the driving operator is easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall vertical sectional view of a crusher showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional perspective view of a crusher showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of a crusher set adjusting device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of a crusher set adjusting device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a control system diagram of a crusher set adjusting device showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a hydraulic unit of a crusher showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an input / output system diagram of a control device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a screen display of the programmable operation display according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of various messages displayed on the screen of the programmable operation display according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 crusher 2 main frame 2a main frame pin 3 boss 4 main shaft 5 eccentric 6 eccentric bush 7 head bush 8 head 9 mantle 10 gear 11 pinion 12 rotation shaft 13 bearing 14 V pulley 15 feed plate 16 head ball 17 spherical seat 18 upper thrust Bearing 19 Lower thrust bearing 20 Bowl 21 Bowl liner 22 Adjustment ring 22a Clamping ring 23 Hopper 24 Clamping cylinder 25 Release cylinder 40 Adjustment cap 42 Drive bar 44 Ram cylinder 44a Striker 44b Driver 44A Right-hand ram cylinder 44B Left-hand Ram Cylinder 45 Vertical Shaft 46 Tension Coil Spring 50 Bowl Lock 0 Hydraulic unit 62 Solenoid valve 64 Solenoid valve 66 Solenoid valve 67 Limit switch 68 Limit switch 70 Proximity switch 100 Control panel 110 Programmable operation display 110a Display screen 110b Operation button key 120 Sequencer control device 301 Oil tank 302 Oil level gauge 308 Oil pressure Pump 313 Pressure switch 314 Pressure switch 317 Solenoid valve 318 Check valve 319 Relief valve 320 Solenoid valve 321 Solenoid valve 322 Pressure regulating valve 323 Solenoid valve 324 Relief valve 325 Solenoid valve 326 Solenoid valve 327 Solenoid valve 328 Pilot check valve 329 In-line reverse Stop valve 330 Accumulator 331 Air bleed valve 332 Pressure switch

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A main frame, an adjustment ring mounted on the main frame and having an inner peripheral surface screwed therein, and an outer peripheral surface screwed up and down to be vertically engaged with the adjustment ring. A bowl, a main shaft disposed on the center bottom of the main frame and vertically or substantially vertically supported through a boss, and an eccentric which is fitted to the main shaft via a bearing and eccentrically rotates with respect to a vertical axis. A crusher having a rotating head fitted to the eccentric via a bearing, and a eccentric rotation driving means, comprising a release cylinder for urging the adjustment ring toward the main frame; Clamp pin for screwing a clamping cylinder that locks the adjustment ring into engagement with the bowl A plurality of drive bars are arranged at equal circumferential intervals on the side surface of the adjustment cap having a cylindrical surface and disposed at the upper end of the bowl or the bowl. A ratchet mechanism that is rotatable about a vertical axis and abuts on the drive bar via a spring force to suppress rotation of the bowl, and unlocks the ratchet mechanism as the piston rod advances. And a pair of hydraulic cylinders that rotate the bowl clockwise or counterclockwise by pressing the side surface of the drive bar are disposed horizontally outside the bowl or the adjustment cap so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. A proximity switch is fixedly provided facing at least one of the drive bars, and a hydraulic unit for driving the pair of hydraulic cylinders is provided. And a control panel for storing a control device comprising a programmable operation display for transmitting an operation command to the hydraulic unit and a sequencer control device, wherein the sequencer control device and the programmable operation display display an operation from starting to stopping of the crusher. Crusher with program function and screen display function for procedure and set adjustment.