JPH0429405B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for dewatering and drying a slurry containing a solid suspended in a liquid.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, devices have been known that condense, filter, and crush slurry to dehydrate and dry it.

Such conventional equipment includes concentration units, filtration compression units (i.e. vacuum filtration units),
There are four units, a crushing unit and a drying unit, and the slurry is sequentially conveyed between these units to be dehydrated and dried.

This kind of equipment has four different units, which makes the entire equipment large and consumes a lot of energy.Furthermore, it requires a large floor space for installation and is troublesome to maintain. be. Moreover, such conventional devices also have the disadvantage of having a large negative impact on the environment. Furthermore, the efficiency of the concentration process is low, and there are also other problems such as particles remaining in the separated liquid.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and is capable of dewatering and drying slurry using a single-stage processing unit, and without relying on manual labor by workers. The present invention provides a slurry dewatering/drying method and an apparatus therefor, which can automatically discharge dried processed materials and further reduce energy consumption.

[Means for Solving the Problems and Their Effects] The present invention compresses the slurry to be treated and at the same time maintains the internal pressure below the vapor pressure of the liquid, and this liquid is evaporated under vacuum. removed.

The apparatus of the present invention includes a filter press, a compression container provided with a pressure chamber, a heat exchanger provided within the container, a vacuum collector provided with a vacuum pump, and the like.

This filter press solidifies the slurry to be treated and is connected alternately to vacuum filter plates and hot plates. The hot plate is supported between and parallel to the fixed head. The stationary head is also connected to the vacuum collector and compression container, and the self-propelled head is connected to the vacuum collector and compression container. A hopper equipped with a screw is provided below the head, filter plate, and hot plate. An air duct is connected to the top of the hopper, and a movable screen is provided within the ventilation dome. The hot plate described above consists of a closed frame, divided into two symmetrical sections by a heating element, which consists of two porous receiving chambers connected to a supply inlet. ing. Main drain passages are also formed in the frame and are separated from the receiving chamber. The heating element also includes a membrane and is separated from the main drain passageway by a membrane. Further, the vacuum filter plate is composed of a closed frame and a vacuum chamber. Porous compartments with feed ports are provided on both sides of the vacuum chamber and are separated from the vacuum chamber. A main drain passage formed within the frame is also connected to a vibrator mounted to the support column by a vertical support. Moreover, the above-mentioned hot plate is attached above the above-mentioned vibrator via a sliding roller.
The vacuum filter plate is attached to the hot plate via a plurality of pivots. The self-propelled head is also attached via rollers to the ventilation dome, which is attached via a sliding nut to a fixed tension screw. A motor reducer is also attached to the self-propelled head connected to the sliding nut. A vacuum filter plate is also provided inside the self-propelled head, the main drain passage of which is connected at its outer end to a collector (manifold) pipe which is connected via a removable connection and a supply pressure pipe. and is connected to the above compression container.
Also, the holes in the vacuum filter plate of the fixed head are connected to the support column and the ventilation dome.
Also, the above filter press is completely sealed,
A hopper is provided below the hot plate and vacuum filter plate, and a discharge screw worm is provided below the hopper. A forced air duct is also provided above the walls of the hopper, and the hopper is provided with a ventilation dome and a movable screen. The ventilation dome is mounted along the longitudinal axis of the press and is connected to a fan, which is attached to a vertical support column of the press. Moreover, the above-mentioned supply compression container is provided with a pressure supply chamber, and a heat exchanger connected to the input side of the above-mentioned vacuum collector is provided in this pressure supply chamber. The upper part of this supply chamber is connected to the balance gas cylinder, and the lower part thereof is connected to the supply inlet of the self-propelled head and of the fixed head, and on the one hand to the compression unit, and on the other hand, this compression unit connected directly to the supply port. The collector is also equipped with an insulated vacuum container, which is connected to a heat exchanger and a vacuum pump, and connected via a discharge valve to various devices or a storage container for storing the separated liquid together with its thermal energy. It is connected.

Additionally, the method of the present invention performed using such a device requires less energy;
It also has less negative impact on the environment. Furthermore, the thermal energy of the separated liquid can be used as energy for other equipment. Additionally, this device can automatically handle the processed material, eliminating the need for workers to handle the processed material manually.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this dewatering/drying apparatus, a plurality of vacuum filter plates 1 and hot plates 2 are alternately connected by pivots 64 and supported by a vibrating device 3 via rollers 63. A vacuum chamber 4 is formed in the vacuum filter plate 1, and these vacuum filter plates are
Via collector (manifold) pipes connected via removable connections 10 to the intermediate passage 5, the main drain passage 6, the stationary head 8 and the self-propelled head 9, and also to the heat exchanger 11 of the supply compression container 12.
It is connected to the vacuum collector 13 via. The removable vacuum connection section 10 has a conical hole 65 formed in one member, and a conical part 66 made of an elastic material formed in the other member, and this conical part includes a guide 67 and a spring 68. The conical portion 66 is movably attached to the fixed side tube 69 via the fixed side tube 69, and the conical portion 66 is movable in the axial direction with respect to the fixed side tube 69.

Further, the storage chamber 14 of the hot plate 2 is supplied to the compressed container 1 via the supply ports 15 of the fixed head 8 and the self-propelled head 9, and the removable pressure connection 16.
Connected to 2. This pressure connection part 16 has a conical hole 70 formed in one member, and a conical part 71 made of an elastic material is provided in the fixed side tube 72 so as to be movable in the axial direction thereof. Further, inside the hopper 17, a screw 1 is located below the heads 8 and 9, the heating plate and the vacuum filter plates 1 and 2.
8 is provided. This screw is connected to a motor via a speed reducer 54, an air duct 19 is connected to the hopper 17, and above this a movable screen 20 is connected to a ventilation dome 21.
The ventilation dome 21 is attached to a support column 22.

Moreover, the above-mentioned hot plate 2 has a closed frame 2
3, and its largest cross section is provided with an electric heating membrane 24 or a fluid heating membrane 61 equipped with an electric heater 62, and is divided into two receiving chambers 14. These receiving chambers are connected to the supply port 15. The receiving chamber 14, the heating chamber 24, and the main drain passage 6 are formed in the frame 23. The cake-like product 25 is then fed into this receiving chamber 14 and blocked by the frame 23 and the heating membrane 24 or 61 on the opposite side and the porous section 26 of the vacuum filter plate 1.

Further, the vacuum filter plate 1 described above includes a sealed frame 27 and a vacuum chamber 4. A porous section 26 equipped with a supply port 15 is provided on both sides of this vacuum chamber 4, and this frame 2
The contact compartment within 7 is configured to be gas impermeable. This vacuum chamber is connected to a main drain passage 6 formed in this frame 27 through an intermediate passage 5.

Further, the supply compression container 12 includes a pressure supply chamber 29 and a heat exchanger 11 provided inside the pressure supply chamber 29. The upper part of this pressure supply chamber 29 is connected to a balance gas cylinder 30. Further, a stirrer 56 is housed in the lower part of this pressure supply chamber, and is connected to the compression unit 32 via a valve 31. Further, a through pipe 33 passes through this pressure supply chamber 29, and a second valve 3
4 to the compression unit 32.
Further, this other end is connected to a pressure supply pipe 35. This pressure supply pipe 35 is connected to the pressure supply chamber 29 via a third valve 36, and the other end is connected to the supply port 15 of the fixed head 8 and the removable pressure connection 16. Further, a drive nut 37 is connected to the self-propelled head 9, and further connected to a second speed reduction motor 38 and a main drain passage 6, which passage is connected to a collector pipe 7 and a detachable vacuum connection 10. There is. The drive nut 37 of the self-propelled head 9 is connected to a fixed tension screw 52.

Said vibratory device 3 also comprises a supporting horizontal member 39 which is connected to a vertical support 40 which is provided in the central space 41 of the vertical support column 22 . These supports 4
A movable impact member 42 with rollers 43 is provided at the bottom of the support column 22, and this impact member abuts against an eccentric cam 44 of a bearing box 45 provided on the support column 22. The shaft 46 of this eccentric cam 44 is connected via a connecting shaft 47, and is also connected to a speed reducer 53 of a variable speed motor. Further, the upper part of the vacuum collector 13 is connected to a vacuum pump 49, and the lower part thereof is connected to a drain valve 55.

This device is also provided with a control panel 57, which connects the motor of the reducer 54 and the reducer 53 via electric wires 58.
motor, stirrer 56, valve 31, valve 34, valve 36, valve 55, compression unit 32, vacuum pump 4
9, and a heated fluid source 60. Further, the electric heating membrane 24 is connected to the control panel 57 via an electric wire 51, and the fluid heating membrane 61 is connected to the heating fluid source 60 via a pipe.

Next, the operation of such a device will be explained. First, the slurry to be dehydrated and dried is transferred to the compression unit 32, the valve 34, the through pipe 33, the pressure supply pipe 35, the supply port 15 of the fixed head 8, and the supply port 15 of the self-propelled head 9 in the receiving chamber 14 of the hot plate 2. is supplied to the closed filter press via a removable connection 16. In this case, the elastic conical portion 71 expands due to this pressure and comes into close contact with the conical hole 70, thereby sealing the removable connecting portion 16. Then, in the first cycle, this slurry is supplied to the pressure supply chamber 29 through the valve 31.
filled inside. Then, after the receiving chamber 14 is shut off from the through pipe 33 by the valve 34, the slurry 48 is supplied into the pressure supply chamber 29 via the valve 36, and the compression process is started. The pressure within the balance gas cylinder 30 is also maintained by the compression unit 32. Then, the power supply is cut off, the valves 31 and 34 are closed, and the pressure of the gas inside the cylinder 30 performs filtration. Therefore, filtration takes place without an external supply of energy. In addition, the above vacuum pump 49
A vacuum is created in the vacuum collector 13 by the vacuum collector 13, which facilitates filtration in this closed filter press,
This vacuum is applied only at the beginning of the process. Then, the evaporated liquid is condensed in the heat exchanger 11 to maintain a vacuum, and this vacuum is connected to the detachable vacuum connection 10, the collector pipe 7, the main drain passage 6,
and acts on the vacuum chamber 4 via the intermediate passage 5. In this case, due to the vacuum, the conical portion 66 of the vacuum connection portion 10 is brought into close contact with the conical hole 65 by the spring 68, and the airtightness of the vacuum connection portion 10 is maintained. Therefore, the vacuum connection section 10 is automatically maintained airtight, and the inflow of outside air is prevented.
Under the action of this vacuum, filtration takes place in the porous compartment 26 within this vacuum chamber 4. In this filtration step, the filtered liquid 50 is deposited in the vacuum collector 13. Then, after the pressure and vacuum reach their maximum values and the cake 25 is dehydrated, current is supplied from the control panel 57 to the electric heating membrane 24 via the electric wire 51, or
Alternatively, heating fluid is supplied to the fluid heating membrane 61 from the heating fluid supply source 60 via the pipe 59. By rapidly heating the membrane, a "steam jacket" is formed around the membrane, and the liquid held within the cake 25 by its capillary force is absorbed by the vapor. It is extruded by pressure into the porous compartment 26. This vacuum then draws this liquid and its vapor into the vacuum collector 13, and its thermal energy is stored therein. A portion of this thermal energy is transferred by heat exchanger 11 to slurry 48 in pressure supply chamber 29 . Therefore, during the next processing step, this slurry 48 will be at a higher temperature, increasing the efficiency of filtration and reducing the amount of thermal energy required. Also, due to the above steam pressure, cake 2
By removing the liquid held within 5 by capillary forces, the thermal energy required to dry the cake, i.e. to evaporate the contained liquid, is reduced. When the moisture content has fallen below a predetermined level, the vacuum of the filter press is released and the self-propelled head 9 is activated. This self-propelled head 9 has its drive nut 3
It is driven by a speed reducer 38 connected to 7.
This drive nut 37 then spirals on the tension screw 52. And the air duct 19
The cake 25 in the receiving chamber 14 is dried by the air flowing from the air into the ventilation dome 21. and. Once drying is done by this air flow,
The vibration device 3 is activated, the eccentric cam 44 is rotated by the motor 53, and the dried cake 25 is
is dropped into the hopper 17. and. This cake is discharged by a screw worm 18 driven by a motor reducer 54. and,
Once this cake has fallen, proceed to the next step.
In addition, the liquid 50 accumulated in the vacuum collector 13
is discharged through the drain valve 55 and used for other purposes.

Such treatment does not contaminate the surrounding environment with dust, aerosols, steam, etc. Also, inside this device is a movable part 20.
Maintenance can be performed by releasing the . Further, the control panel 57 controls the power supply, the filtration process, the monitoring of the pressure supply container 12, the vacuum collector 13, etc. The control panel 57 also controls the supply of current to the electric heating membrane 24, the supply of heating fluid to the fluid heating membrane 61, and the like.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the filter press,
FIG. 3 is a front view of the hot plate, FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the hot plate, FIGS. 5 and 6 are partial sectional views of the hot plate, and FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of the vacuum filter plate. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the vacuum filter plate, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the pressure supply container, FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the self-propelled head, and FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the vibration device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Vacuum filter plate, 2... Heat plate, 3... Vibration device, 4... Vacuum chamber, 8... Fixed head, 9...
...Self-propelled head, 11...Heat exchanger, 12...
Pressure supply container, 14... Receiving chamber, 17... Hopper, 23... Frame, 24... Electric heating membrane, 2
7...Frame, 29...Pressure supply chamber.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for dehydrating and drying slurry, comprising the steps of: compressing the slurry by applying pressure; applying a vacuum in the receiving chamber to draw the liquid components of the slurry through the porous compartment, and in addition to the pressure and vacuum dehydration described above, heating the heated membrane to forming a layer of vapor in the slurry, sucking the remaining liquid component and the layer of vapor through the porous compartment, and discharging the solid component of the slurry from the receiving chamber. A slurry dehydration/drying method characterized by: 2. The layer of vapor and the remaining liquid are sucked through the porous compartment and sent to a heat exchanger, the heat contained therein preheating the slurry to be fed in the next cycle. A method for dewatering and drying a slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3 An apparatus for dehydrating and drying slurry, which is equipped with a filter press configured by alternately arranging a vacuum filter plate 1 and a hot plate supported by a vibration device 3, and the vacuum filter plate 1 has a vacuum chamber 4. This vacuum chamber is formed through an intermediate passage 5, a main drain passage 6, a fixed head 8 connected to a heat exchanger 11 via a separable vacuum connection 10, and a collector pipe 7 of a self-propelled head 9. Connected to the supply compression container 12 and the vacuum collector 13, the porous receiving chamber 14 of the hot plate 2 is connected to a removable pressure connection 16 and A hopper 17 is connected to the supply compression container 12 and below the heads 8, 9, the vacuum filter plate 1 and the hot plate 2, and a screw worm 18 is provided at the bottom of the hopper. 1
7 is connected to an air duct 19, and the upper part of this duct is provided with a movable screen 20, which is supported by a ventilation dome 21 supported by a support column 22. drying equipment. 4 The hot plate 2 of the filter press has a closed frame 23, and the inside of this frame is divided into two receiving chambers 14 by an electric appliance heating membrane 24 or a fluid heating membrane 61, and these receiving chambers are connected to a supply port. 15, and the main drain passage 6 is connected to the receiving chamber 1 by the heating membrane 24 or 61 of the frame 23.
4, the solid material or cake 25 supplied is collected in the receiving chamber 14 of the frame 23, in the heating membrane 24 or 61 attached on the opposite side, and in the part of the vacuum filter plate 1. A slurry dehydration/drying device according to claim 3. 5. The vacuum filter plate 1 of the filter press comprises a closed frame 27 and a vacuum chamber 4, and on both sides of the vacuum chamber 4 a porous compartment 26 with a feed opening 15 is formed, and the vacuum chamber 4 4 is connected to the frame 27 over its entire contact portion 28.
Claim 3 characterized in that the vacuum chamber is formed gas-impermeable to the frame 27 and that the vacuum chamber is connected via an intermediate passage 5 to a main drain passage 6 provided in the frame 27. The slurry dehydration/drying device according to any one of Item 4 and Item 4. 6 The supply compression container 12 is connected to the heat exchanger 11
The upper part of this pressure supply chamber 29 is connected to a balance gas cylinder 30, and the lower part thereof is connected to a compression unit 32 via a valve 31. A pipe 33 passes through it, and this through pipe is connected to the compression unit 32 through a second valve 34, and the other end of this through pipe is connected to a pressure supply pipe 35, which It is connected to the pressure supply 29 through a third valve 36, and the other end of this pressure supply pipe 35 is connected to the supply port 15 of the fixed head 8 and the removable pressure connection 16. A slurry dewatering/drying apparatus according to claim 3. 7. The self-propelled head 9 of the filter press is provided with a main drain passage 6, which is connected to a collector pipe 7, the end of which is provided with a detachable vacuum connection 10; This vacuum connection part is composed of a conical hole 65 and an elastic conical member 66 movably provided in the fixed side tube 69 by a guide 67 and a spring 68. tube 69
The supply port 15 of the self-propelled head 9 is provided with a removable pressure connection 16, which has a conical hole 70 and an elastic cone. The conical nozzle 71 is provided on the fixed side pipe 72 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The slurry dehydration/drying device according to (1) above. 8 The vibration device 3 of the filter press comprises a supporting horizontal member 39, which is connected to a vertical supporting member 40 provided in the central cavity 41 of the vertical supporting column 22, and the lower part of the vertical supporting member 40 is a movable drive member 4 having rollers 43;
2, this roller abuts eccentric cams 44, the shafts 46 of these eccentric cams 44 are supported along the longitudinal direction of this filter press, and are connected by a connecting shaft 47. Claims 3, 4, 5, or 7
The slurry dehydration/connection device according to any one of Items 1 to 9.