JPH04279712A - Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04279712A JPH04279712A JP3039893A JP3989391A JPH04279712A JP H04279712 A JPH04279712 A JP H04279712A JP 3039893 A JP3039893 A JP 3039893A JP 3989391 A JP3989391 A JP 3989391A JP H04279712 A JPH04279712 A JP H04279712A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter element
- exhaust
- honeycomb catalyst
- flow path
- sub
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/011—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more purifying devices arranged in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
- F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】0001
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、内燃機関、特にディ
ーゼル機関で問題となるカーボンやＳＯＦ（可溶性有機
成分）等の排気微粒子を捕集除去するための排気浄化装
置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust purification device for collecting and removing exhaust particulates such as carbon and SOF (soluble organic components) which are problematic in internal combustion engines, particularly diesel engines.
【０００２】0002
【従来の技術】ディーゼル機関で問題となるカーボン等
の排気微粒子を、排気系に介装した排気フィルタにて捕
集除去するようにした排気浄化装置は従来から種々提案
されている。2. Description of the Related Art Various exhaust purification devices have been proposed in the past in which exhaust particulates such as carbon, which are a problem in diesel engines, are collected and removed by an exhaust filter installed in an exhaust system.
【０００３】この排気フィルタのフィルタエレメントと
しては、例えば特開昭５６−１２４４１７号公報に示さ
れているように、セラミックス製のブロックに排気流方
向に沿った多数の微細な流路を形成し、かつ各流路の端
部を交互にセラミックスにて閉塞した濾過捕集形式のも
のや、特開昭６２−４５３０９号公報に見られるような
セラミックスの三次元多孔体いわゆるセラミックスフォ
ームを用いた付着捕集形式のものなどが知られているが
、いずれの場合でも、フィルタエレメントに排気微粒子
がある程度堆積した場合には、バーナー等の強制的な再
生手段もしくは排気熱によって排気微粒子を燃焼除去し
、フィルタエレメントを再生する必要がある。The filter element of this exhaust filter is, for example, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-124417, in which a large number of fine flow channels are formed in a ceramic block along the exhaust flow direction. In addition, there are filtration and collection methods in which the ends of each flow path are alternately closed with ceramics, and adhesion collection using a three-dimensional ceramic porous body, so-called ceramic foam, as seen in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 62-45309. In either case, if a certain amount of exhaust particles accumulate on the filter element, the exhaust particles are burned and removed using forced regeneration means such as a burner or exhaust heat, and the filter Elements need to be played.
【０００４】0004
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のようなフィルタ
エレメントの再生は、排気温度がある程度高いことが必
要であり、排気温度が低い低速運転が長時間継続される
と、フィルタエレメントの再生がなされず、該フィルタ
エレメントに過度に排気微粒子が堆積する。この状態で
、次に高速高負荷運転に移行するなどしてフィルタエレ
メントの再生が開始されると、多量に堆積していた排気
微粒子が急激に燃焼するため、過度に高温となってフィ
ルタエレメントが焼損する虞れがあった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Regeneration of the filter element as described above requires the exhaust temperature to be high to a certain extent, and if low-speed operation with low exhaust temperature continues for a long time, the filter element cannot be regenerated. First, excessive exhaust particles accumulate on the filter element. In this state, when regeneration of the filter element is started due to the next transition to high-speed, high-load operation, the large amount of accumulated exhaust particulates will be rapidly combusted, resulting in an excessively high temperature and the filter element. There was a risk of burnout.
【０００５】尚、フィルタエレメントと並列にバイパス
通路を形成するとともに切換弁を設け、フィルタエレメ
ントに所定量の排気微粒子が堆積した後は切換弁の切換
によりバイパス通路側に排気を逃がすようにした構成も
一部で考えられているが、制御回路や切換弁のアクチュ
エータ等が必要となって構成が複雑化するとともに、排
気微粒子の堆積を検出して流路の切換を適切に行うこと
が非常に困難である。[0005] Furthermore, a bypass passage is formed in parallel with the filter element, and a switching valve is provided, and after a predetermined amount of exhaust particulates have accumulated on the filter element, the switching valve is switched to release exhaust gas to the bypass passage side. This is also being considered in some areas, but it requires a control circuit and switching valve actuator, making the configuration complicated, and it is extremely difficult to detect the accumulation of exhaust particles and switch the flow path appropriately. Have difficulty.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、この発明は複雑
な制御や可動機構を全く用いずに、フィルタエレメント
に堆積する排気微粒子量を適切な範囲内に保つようにし
た。すなわち、この発明に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置
は、排気系の一部に、互いに並列に形成された主流路お
よび副流路と、上記主流路に介装され、かつ排気微粒子
を捕集除去するフィルタエレメントと、上記副流路に介
装されたハニカム構造体を担体とするハニカム触媒と、
このハニカム触媒と直列に配置され、かつ主流路と副流
路の流量割合を調整するオリフィスとを備えて構成され
ている。[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the present invention maintains the amount of exhaust particulates deposited on the filter element within an appropriate range without using any complicated control or movable mechanism. That is, the exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention includes a main flow path and a sub flow path formed in parallel with each other in a part of the exhaust system, and a main flow path that is interposed in the main flow path, and that collects and removes exhaust particulates. a honeycomb catalyst having a honeycomb structure interposed in the sub-flow path as a carrier;
It is configured to include an orifice that is arranged in series with the honeycomb catalyst and adjusts the flow rate ratio between the main flow channel and the sub flow channel.
【０００７】また、請求項２の発明では、ケーシングの
中心部に位置するフィルタエレメントの外周に、筒状に
形成したハニカム触媒を配設し、かつこのハニカム触媒
の後端側にオリフィスを配置した。[0007] Furthermore, in the invention of claim 2, a cylindrical honeycomb catalyst is disposed around the outer periphery of the filter element located at the center of the casing, and an orifice is disposed at the rear end side of the honeycomb catalyst. .
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】ハニカム構造体からなるハニカム触媒はフィル
タエレメントに比して通気抵抗が小さいが、これに直列
に配置されたオリフィスによって適宜な通気抵抗が与え
られるため、排気は主流路と副流路の双方つまりフィル
タエレメントとハニカム触媒の双方を所定の割合で流れ
る。フィルタエレメントでは、カーボンやＳＯＦ等の排
気微粒子が捕集される。またハニカム触媒側では、カー
ボンの捕集は行えないものの、ＳＯＦ成分は捕集除去さ
れる。[Operation] The honeycomb catalyst, which is made up of a honeycomb structure, has a lower ventilation resistance than a filter element, but the orifice arranged in series provides an appropriate ventilation resistance, so the exhaust gas flows between the main flow path and the sub flow path. It flows through both the filter element and the honeycomb catalyst at a predetermined rate. The filter element collects exhaust particulates such as carbon and SOF. Further, on the honeycomb catalyst side, although carbon cannot be collected, SOF components are collected and removed.
【０００９】長時間の低速走行等によりフィルタエレメ
ントに排気微粒子が多量に堆積してくると、該フィルタ
エレメントの通気抵抗が増大してくるため、副流路つま
りハニカム触媒側を流れる割合が高くなる。これによっ
て、フィルタエレメントにおける排気微粒子堆積量の増
加が抑制される。つまり焼損限界量以上に堆積すること
がない。[0009] When a large amount of exhaust particulates accumulate on the filter element due to long-term low-speed driving, etc., the ventilation resistance of the filter element increases, and the proportion of the exhaust particles flowing through the sub-flow path, that is, the honeycomb catalyst side increases. . This suppresses an increase in the amount of exhaust particulates deposited on the filter element. In other words, the amount does not accumulate beyond the burnout limit.
【００１０】また、フィルタエレメントの外周を筒状の
ハニカム触媒で囲った構成とすれば、フィルタエレメン
ト側の排気微粒子堆積量が飽和状態となって主にハニカ
ム触媒側を排気が通流する場合に、フィルタエレメント
が保温され、次の再生が容易となる。[0010] Furthermore, if the outer periphery of the filter element is surrounded by a cylindrical honeycomb catalyst, when the amount of accumulated exhaust particulates on the filter element side becomes saturated and the exhaust gas mainly flows through the honeycomb catalyst side, , the filter element is kept warm, making subsequent regeneration easier.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、この発明の一実施例を図面に基づいて
詳細に説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
【００１２】図１は、この発明に係る排気フイルタの全
体的構成を示す断面図であり、円筒状をなすケーシング
１の一端に円錐形をなす入口部１ａが設けられ、かつ排
気入口管２が接続されている。また他端に円錐形をなす
出口部１ｂが設けられ、かつ排気出口管３が接続されて
いる。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the overall structure of an exhaust filter according to the present invention, in which a conical inlet portion 1a is provided at one end of a cylindrical casing 1, and an exhaust inlet pipe 2 is provided with a conical inlet portion 1a. It is connected. Further, a conical outlet portion 1b is provided at the other end, and an exhaust outlet pipe 3 is connected thereto.
【００１３】上記ケーシング１の円筒部１ｃと出口部１
ｂとの境界部には、中心部が開口した円環状をなすオリ
フィスプレート４が挟持固定されている。またケーシン
グ１内に、該ケーシング１と同心状に内筒５が配設され
ており、その下流側端部が、上記オリフィスプレート４
の中心開口部周縁に接続固定されている。この内筒５に
よって、ケーシング１内が、中心部の主流路６と外周側
の副流路７とに区画されている。Cylindrical portion 1c and outlet portion 1 of the casing 1
An annular orifice plate 4 with an open center is clamped and fixed at the boundary with b. Further, an inner cylinder 5 is disposed within the casing 1 concentrically with the casing 1, and its downstream end is connected to the orifice plate 4.
It is connected and fixed to the periphery of the center opening. This inner cylinder 5 divides the inside of the casing 1 into a main flow path 6 at the center and a sub flow path 7 at the outer circumferential side.
【００１４】そして、主流路６を構成する内筒５内には
、円柱状をなすフィルタエレメント８が挿填されている
。このフィルタエレメント８は、例えばセラミックスの
三次元多孔体いわゆるセラミックスフォームからなり、
付着捕集によりカーボン等の排気微粒子を捕集するよう
になっている。またワイヤメッシュ等を用いることもで
きる。なお、このフィルタエレメント８にも、再生の促
進および排気浄化性能向上のために、適宜な触媒金属が
担持させてある。A cylindrical filter element 8 is inserted into the inner cylinder 5 constituting the main flow path 6. The filter element 8 is made of, for example, a three-dimensional porous ceramic material, so-called ceramic foam.
It is designed to collect exhaust particulates such as carbon by adhesion collection. Moreover, wire mesh etc. can also be used. Note that this filter element 8 also carries an appropriate catalyst metal in order to promote regeneration and improve exhaust purification performance.
【００１５】副流路７を構成する内筒５外周部には、ハ
ニカム構造体を担体とするハニカム触媒９が収容されて
いる。このハニカム触媒９は、例えば、平坦な薄い金属
板と波板状の薄い金属板とを重ね合わせ、かつ円筒状に
巻回して固定したいわゆるメタル担体に、触媒金属を担
持させた構成であって、図２にも示すように、内筒５と
ケーシング１との間に密に挿填されている。なお、この
ようなメタル担体に代えて、セラミックスブロックに多
数の流路をハニカム状に形成したセラミックス製モノリ
ス触媒を用いることもできる。A honeycomb catalyst 9 having a honeycomb structure as a carrier is accommodated in the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 5 constituting the sub-flow passage 7. This honeycomb catalyst 9 has a structure in which a catalytic metal is supported on a so-called metal carrier, which is made by overlapping a flat thin metal plate and a corrugated thin metal plate and fixing them by winding them into a cylindrical shape. , as shown in FIG. 2, is tightly inserted between the inner cylinder 5 and the casing 1. Note that instead of such a metal carrier, a ceramic monolithic catalyst in which a large number of channels are formed in a honeycomb shape in a ceramic block can also be used.
【００１６】上記ハニカム触媒９の後端面は、オリフィ
スプレート４に対向しているが、両者間には、僅かに間
隙が設けられている。そして、このオリフィスプレート
４には、図３に示すように、副流路７の流路面積を絞る
オリフィス１０が複数個等間隔に形成されている。この
オリフィス１０の開口面積は、フィルタエレメント８を
通る主流路６の流量とハニカム触媒９を通る副流路７の
流量とを、所定割合（例えば初期状態で５０％程度）に
保つように、適宜に設定されている。The rear end surface of the honeycomb catalyst 9 faces the orifice plate 4, but a slight gap is provided between the two. As shown in FIG. 3, this orifice plate 4 has a plurality of orifices 10 formed at equal intervals to narrow down the flow area of the sub flow path 7. The opening area of the orifice 10 is determined as appropriate to maintain the flow rate of the main flow path 6 passing through the filter element 8 and the flow rate of the sub flow path 7 passing through the honeycomb catalyst 9 at a predetermined ratio (for example, about 50% in the initial state). is set to .
【００１７】尚、図示していないが、フィルタエレメン
ト８における再生を促進するために、再生時期にフィル
タエレメント８へ向けて若干の燃料を噴射供給する燃料
噴射装置を設けてもよい。Although not shown, a fuel injection device may be provided to inject and supply a small amount of fuel to the filter element 8 during the regeneration period in order to promote regeneration in the filter element 8.
【００１８】上記のように構成された排気浄化装置にお
いては、排気入口管２から流入した排気は、互いに並列
に形成された主流路６と副流路７とに分流し、フィルタ
エレメント８あるいはハニカム触媒９を通過する。ここ
で、ハニカム触媒９の通気抵抗はフィルタエレメント８
に比して小さいが、その下流側のオリフィス１０によっ
て流路面積が絞られているため、両者に所定割合の流量
比でもって分流する。そして、フィルタエレメント８に
おいては、排気中に含まれるカーボンやＳＯＦ等の排気
微粒子が付着捕集される。またハニカム触媒９において
は、カーボンは捕集できないものの、ＳＯＦ成分を捕集
して酸化低減することができる。In the exhaust gas purification device configured as described above, the exhaust gas flowing in from the exhaust inlet pipe 2 is divided into a main flow path 6 and a sub flow path 7 that are formed in parallel with each other, and is divided into a filter element 8 or a honeycomb flow path. Passes through catalyst 9. Here, the ventilation resistance of the honeycomb catalyst 9 is the filter element 8
Although the flow path area is narrowed by the orifice 10 on the downstream side, the flow is divided into both at a predetermined flow rate ratio. Then, in the filter element 8, exhaust particulates such as carbon and SOF contained in the exhaust gas are attached and collected. Further, although the honeycomb catalyst 9 cannot collect carbon, it can collect SOF components and reduce oxidation.
【００１９】一方、機関の運転に伴い、フィルタエレメ
ント８には、徐々に排気微粒子が堆積していく。図４は
、ハニカム触媒９側へ流れる流量割合（ｂ）とそのとき
の排気微粒子の低減率（ｃ）およびフィルタエレメント
８における微粒子堆積量（ａ）の三者の関係を図示した
もので、フィルタエレメント８に排気微粒子が堆積して
いくと、該フィルタエレメント８側の通気抵抗が増大す
るため、ハニカム触媒９側の流量が増加する。但し、加
速，減速を繰り返す通常の市街地走行時には、加速時等
排気温度が高くなったときに、排気熱によりフィルタエ
レメント８が再生されるので、図４左側に図示するよう
に微粒子堆積量（ａ）は常に比較的少ない範囲に保たれ
る。尚、ハニカム触媒９側ではＳＯＦ成分が連続的に酸
化低減される。On the other hand, as the engine operates, exhaust particulates gradually accumulate on the filter element 8. FIG. 4 illustrates the relationship between the flow rate (b) flowing to the honeycomb catalyst 9 side, the reduction rate (c) of exhaust particulates at that time, and the amount of particulate accumulation in the filter element 8 (a). As exhaust particulates accumulate on the element 8, the ventilation resistance on the filter element 8 side increases, so the flow rate on the honeycomb catalyst 9 side increases. However, during normal city driving where acceleration and deceleration are repeated, the filter element 8 is regenerated by the exhaust heat when the exhaust gas temperature increases, such as during acceleration, so the amount of particulate accumulation (a ) is always kept to a relatively small range. Note that on the honeycomb catalyst 9 side, the SOF component is continuously oxidized and reduced.
【００２０】これに対し、フィルタエレメント８の再生
が不可能な低速運転状態が長時間継続すると、図４の右
側に示すように、微粒子堆積量（ａ）の増加に伴ってハ
ニカム触媒９側の流量割合（ｂ）が徐々に増大し、最終
的には排気の略全量がハニカム触媒９側を流れるように
なる。そのため、フィルタエレメント８における微粒子
堆積量（ａ）は、ある一定値で飽和した状態となる。従
って、このときの堆積量がフィルタエレメント８の焼損
限界以下となるように予めオリフィス１０の流路面積を
設定しておけば、実際の微粒子堆積量が焼損限界を超え
ることがない。つまり、その後高速走行に移行し、排温
の上昇に伴って再生が行われた際に、過度の温度上昇に
よるフィルタエレメント８の焼損が確実に防止される。
尚、このように排気の略全量がハニカム触媒９側に流れ
る状態でも、ハニカム触媒９において排気微粒子中のＳ
ＯＦ成分が吸着，酸化により除去されるため、（ｃ）に
示すように、排気微粒子をある程度低減できる。On the other hand, if the low-speed operating state in which the filter element 8 cannot be regenerated continues for a long time, as shown on the right side of FIG. The flow rate ratio (b) gradually increases, and eventually almost all of the exhaust gas comes to flow on the honeycomb catalyst 9 side. Therefore, the amount of particulate matter (a) deposited on the filter element 8 is saturated at a certain constant value. Therefore, if the flow path area of the orifice 10 is set in advance so that the amount of deposited particles at this time is below the burnout limit of the filter element 8, the actual amount of deposited particles will not exceed the burnout limit. That is, when the vehicle then shifts to high-speed running and regeneration is performed as the exhaust temperature rises, the filter element 8 is reliably prevented from burning out due to an excessive temperature rise. Note that even in a state where almost the entire amount of exhaust gas flows to the honeycomb catalyst 9 side, the S in the exhaust particulates in the honeycomb catalyst 9
Since the OF component is removed by adsorption and oxidation, exhaust particulates can be reduced to some extent as shown in (c).
【００２１】このように上記実施例では、フィルタエレ
メント８の微粒子堆積量に応じて排気の一部をハニカム
触媒９側に分流させることができ、複雑な制御や可動機
構を一切用いずに、フィルタエレメント８の微粒子堆積
量を確実に焼損限界内に保つことが可能となる。In this way, in the above embodiment, a part of the exhaust gas can be diverted to the honeycomb catalyst 9 side according to the amount of particulates deposited on the filter element 8, and the filter element 8 can be diverted to the honeycomb catalyst 9 side without using any complicated control or movable mechanism. It becomes possible to reliably maintain the amount of fine particles deposited on the element 8 within the burnout limit.
【００２２】また上記構成では、フィルタエレメント８
の外周を包むようにハニカム触媒９が配置されているた
め、ハニカム触媒９側に排気の略全量が流れている状態
においてもフィルタエレメント８を保温でき、例えば高
速高負荷運転に移行して排温が上昇すると直ちに再燃焼
が生じ、フィルタエレメント８を速やかに再生できる利
点がある。Furthermore, in the above configuration, the filter element 8
Since the honeycomb catalyst 9 is arranged so as to surround the outer periphery of the honeycomb catalyst 9, the filter element 8 can be kept warm even when almost all of the exhaust gas is flowing to the honeycomb catalyst 9 side. When the temperature rises, re-combustion occurs immediately, which has the advantage that the filter element 8 can be regenerated quickly.
【００２３】次に、図５はこの発明の異なる実施例を示
している。この実施例は、セラミックスフォーム等から
なるフィルタエレメント１１が収容されるケーシング１
２と、ハニカム触媒１３が収容されるケーシング１４と
を別体に構成したものであって、フィルタエレメント１
１上流側の排気入口管１５と下流側の排気出口管１６と
の間に、排気バイパス管１７が形成され、該排気バイパ
ス管１７にケーシング１４が介装されている。つまり、
主流路１８と副流路１９とが独立した管路として並列に
形成されている。そして、排気バイパス管１７のケーシ
ング１４下流側に、両流路の流量割合を調整するための
オリフィス２０が介装されている。Next, FIG. 5 shows a different embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a casing 1 houses a filter element 11 made of ceramic foam or the like.
2 and a casing 14 in which the honeycomb catalyst 13 is housed are configured separately, and the filter element 1
An exhaust bypass pipe 17 is formed between an exhaust inlet pipe 15 on the upstream side and an exhaust outlet pipe 16 on the downstream side, and a casing 14 is interposed in the exhaust bypass pipe 17. In other words,
The main flow path 18 and the sub flow path 19 are formed in parallel as independent pipes. An orifice 20 is provided on the downstream side of the casing 14 of the exhaust bypass pipe 17 to adjust the flow rate ratio of both flow paths.
【００２４】この構成においても、前述した実施例と同
様に、フィルタエレメント１１の微粒子堆積量を確実に
焼損限界内に保つことができる。[0024] Also in this configuration, the amount of fine particles deposited on the filter element 11 can be reliably maintained within the burnout limit, as in the above-described embodiment.
【００２５】[0025]
【発明の効果】以上の説明で明らかなように、この発明
に係る内燃機関の排気浄化装置によれば、排気熱による
再生が不可能な低速走行等が長時間継続したような場合
でも、セラミックスフォーム等からなるフィルタエレメ
ントの微粒子堆積量を一定範囲内に保つことができ、再
生時の過度の温度上昇による焼損を確実に防止できる。
特に、機械的な可動機構や複雑な制御を一切用いていな
いため、構成が簡単であるとともに、信頼性に優れたも
のとなる。また、低速走行等により再生が長時間行われ
ずにフィルタエレメント側の捕集量が飽和した場合でも
、ハニカム触媒により排気微粒子中のＳＯＦ成分を低減
でき、全体としての排気微粒子排出量を一層抑制できる
。[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, according to the exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention, ceramics The amount of fine particles deposited on the filter element made of foam or the like can be maintained within a certain range, and burnout due to excessive temperature rise during regeneration can be reliably prevented. In particular, since no mechanical movable mechanism or complicated control is used, the configuration is simple and highly reliable. In addition, even if the amount of collected particles on the filter element side is saturated due to low-speed driving, etc. due to no regeneration for a long time, the honeycomb catalyst can reduce the SOF component in the exhaust particulates, further suppressing the overall amount of exhaust particulate emissions. .
【００２６】またケーシング中心部に位置するフィルタ
エレメントの外周を囲むように筒状のハニカム触媒を設
けた構成によれば、主にハニカム触媒側に排気が通流し
ているとき、つまりフィルタエレメント側が再生不良状
態にあるときに、ハニカム触媒を通流する排気によって
フィルタエレメントを保温でき、その後排温が上昇した
際に直ちに再生を開始できる。Furthermore, according to the configuration in which a cylindrical honeycomb catalyst is provided so as to surround the outer periphery of the filter element located in the center of the casing, when exhaust gas is mainly flowing to the honeycomb catalyst side, that is, the filter element side is regenerated. When in a bad condition, the filter element can be kept warm by the exhaust gas flowing through the honeycomb catalyst, and then regeneration can be started immediately when the exhaust temperature rises.
【図１】この発明に係る排気浄化装置の一実施例を示す
断面図。FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an exhaust purification device according to the present invention.
【図２】図１におけるＡ−Ａ線に沿った断面図。FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.
【図３】この実施例におけるオリフィスプレートの平面
図。FIG. 3 is a plan view of the orifice plate in this embodiment.
【図４】この実施例における排気微粒子堆積量（ａ）と
ハニカム触媒側の流量割合（ｂ）と排気微粒子低減率（
ｃ）とを対比して示す特性図。FIG. 4: Exhaust particulate accumulation amount (a), honeycomb catalyst side flow rate (b), and exhaust particulate reduction rate (
A characteristic diagram showing a comparison with c).
【図５】この発明の異なる実施例を示す断面図。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a different embodiment of the invention.
６…主流路 ７…副流路 ８…フィルタエレメント ９…ハニカム触媒 １０…オリフィス 6...Main flow path 7...Sub-channel 8...Filter element 9...Honeycomb catalyst 10...Orifice
Claims (2)
れた主流路および副流路と、上記主流路に介装され、か
つ排気微粒子を捕集除去するフィルタエレメントと、上
記副流路に介装されたハニカム構造体を担体とするハニ
カム触媒と、このハニカム触媒と直列に配置され、かつ
主流路と副流路の流量割合を調整するオリフィスとを備
えてなる内燃機関の排気浄化装置。1. A main flow path and a sub flow path formed in parallel with each other in a part of an exhaust system, a filter element interposed in the main flow path for collecting and removing exhaust particulates, and the sub flow path. An exhaust purification device for an internal combustion engine, comprising a honeycomb catalyst having a honeycomb structure interposed in the carrier, and an orifice arranged in series with the honeycomb catalyst and adjusting the flow rate ratio between the main flow path and the sub flow path. .
タエレメントの外周に、筒状に形成したハニカム触媒を
配設し、かつこのハニカム触媒の後端側にオリフィスを
配置したことを特徴とする請求項１記載の内燃機関の排
気浄化装置。[Claim 2] A claim characterized in that a cylindrical honeycomb catalyst is disposed around the outer periphery of the filter element located in the center of the casing, and an orifice is disposed at the rear end side of the honeycomb catalyst. 1. The exhaust purification device for an internal combustion engine according to 1.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3039893A JPH04279712A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1991-03-06 | Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engine |
| DE4207005A DE4207005C2 (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1992-03-05 | Exhaust gas cleaner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3039893A JPH04279712A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1991-03-06 | Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH04279712A true JPH04279712A (en) | 1992-10-05 |
Family
ID=12565647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3039893A Pending JPH04279712A (en) | 1991-03-06 | 1991-03-06 | Exhaust gas purifying device for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH04279712A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4207005C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0763048A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-03-07 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Exhaust emission control system and method thereof |
| DE4400202C1 (en) * | 1994-01-05 | 1995-04-06 | Daimler Benz Ag | Method for the reduction of hydrocarbon emissions from an internal combustion engine |
| JPH10501860A (en) * | 1994-01-17 | 1998-02-17 | ジョイント−ストック コマーシャル バンク “ペトロフスキ” | Exhaust gas purification device containing solid particles, device design for neutralizing released toxic gas, and method of manufacturing this device |
| DE10044893A1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2002-03-21 | Volkswagen Ag | Soot filter for continuous regeneration trap of diesel exhaust purification system, includes internal longitudinal bypass |
| DE10058824A1 (en) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-13 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Tubular device for the separation and combustion of soot particles in exhaust gas streams, in particular diesel soot, and method for removing soot particles in exhaust gas streams, in particular diesel exhaust gases |
| US20050247051A1 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2005-11-10 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Exhaust treatment control system for an internal combustion engine |
| JP2009115064A (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-28 | Toyota Industries Corp | Exhaust emission control device |
| FR2941490A1 (en) * | 2009-01-26 | 2010-07-30 | Renault Sas | Combustion gas exhaust line for diesel engine of vehicle, has isolation sleeve for surrounding envelope, and connected to connection pipe and to evacuation pipe for permitting passage of combustion gas around envelope |
| DE102010037971B4 (en) * | 2010-10-05 | 2024-02-01 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine |
| FI20115731A0 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2011-07-07 | Ecocat Oy | New cleaning equipment |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2064360B (en) * | 1979-12-03 | 1984-05-16 | Gen Motors Corp | Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates and methods for making such filters |
| CA1145270A (en) * | 1979-12-03 | 1983-04-26 | Morris Berg | Ceramic filters for diesel exhaust particulates and methods of making |
| EP0216729B1 (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1990-10-24 | Alusuisse-Lonza Services Ag | Filter plug for cleaning exhaust gases from diesel engines |
| JPH02196120A (en) * | 1989-01-24 | 1990-08-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Exhaust particulate processing equipment for internal combustion engine |
| US5067319A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1991-11-26 | Steyr-Daimler-Puch Ag | System for purifying the exhaust gases of diesel engines |
| JPH06245309A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-09-02 | Hitachi Ltd | Current collector and vehicle mounting the same |
-
1991
- 1991-03-06 JP JP3039893A patent/JPH04279712A/en active Pending
-
1992
- 1992-03-05 DE DE4207005A patent/DE4207005C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4207005C2 (en) | 1997-03-06 |
| DE4207005A1 (en) | 1992-09-10 |
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