JPH04275855A - Tool offset compensation quantity registering method for nc machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve workability by performing the measurement of tool offset compensation quantity and registering work while using the tool changing function (ATC), manual feed function and operation function of a machine tool. CONSTITUTION:The tool number and offset compensation number of a tool 8 to be used are extracted from a machining program to find the offset compensation quantity in the tool offset compensation data memory 20 corresponding to the offset compensation number. A tool whose offset compensation quantity is 0 and a tool whose offset compensation quantity is not 0 but different from the offset compensation quantity registered in a tool master data memory 22 are extracted as tools whose offset compensation quantities are required to be registered. This extracted tools 8 whose offset compensation quantities are required to be registered are secured to a main spindle 7 in order by means of a tool changing function (ATC) 15, and the secured tool 8 is made to contact with the detector fixed to a table 9 by means of a manual feed function to calculate offset compensation quantity from this feed quantity, and the result is registered in the tool offset compensation data memory 20.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] This invention is based on the origin of the spindle and uses NC data that describes the amount of movement of each tool in the same coordinate system to use tools with different lengths and diameters. The present invention relates to a tool correction amount registration method for an NC machine tool that allows easy registration of a movement amount correction amount applied for each movement.

0002

[Prior Art] NC machine tools are capable of processing milling cutters, end mills, drills, etc. based on data written in machining programs.
Replace and attach tools such as taps to the spindle, and proceed with machining while applying the specified amount of movement. The tools selected according to the machining method have specific lengths and diameters, and the positional relationship between the origin of the spindle and the cutting edge of the tool is different for each tool. d is registered as a correction amount, and the movement amount is corrected. Specifically, the method of assigning this compensation amount is to assign a compensation number to the tool, and to register the compensation number and compensation amount in association with each other in the tool compensation data memory of the NC machine tool. The amount is called based on the tool compensation number. If this correction amount is not registered correctly, not only will it not be possible to machine the specified shape, but it will also cause serious accidents such as damage to the tool and damage to the machine tool itself.

For this reason, conventionally, before performing NC machining, the amount of correction corresponding to the correction number set inside the NC machine tool was checked, and incorrect amounts were corrected and registered.

Specifically, when creating a machining program, this correction/registration method involves inputting the tool numbers T1, T2, T3, etc., names (for example, end mill), correction numbers H1, etc. of the tools used, as shown in FIG. H2, H3,...D1, D2, D3
..., create a tool layout table 1 that describes the correction amounts h and d (for example, height 100 mm, diameter 40 mm),
The correction amount registered in the tool correction data memory was displayed on the CRT 2 of the NC machine tool, and the incorrect correction amount X was corrected and registered using the keyboard 3 so that it matched the correction amount in the tool layout table 1. Here, the amount of correction for each tool is measured separately using a tool presetter or the like.

[0005]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, this method
This work procedure requires a lot of effort, such as creating a tool layout table 1, measuring the amount of correction using a tool presetter, etc., filling out the tool layout table 1, and inputting the amount of correction using the keyboard 3, and is prone to mistakes. There is.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for registering a tool correction amount for an NC machine tool, which can accurately and reliably register a correction amount in a tool correction data memory with a simple operation.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems] This invention provides a tool used in a machining program with a correction number, and performs NC processing with a correction amount corresponding to the correction number separately registered in a memory.
In NC machine tools that process workpieces while making corrections to data,

Before starting machining, extract the tool number used in the machining program and the compensation number assigned to it, and check the compensation amount registered in the tool compensation data memory corresponding to each compensation number. A tool with a correction amount of 0 is registered as the first correction amount registration tool, and a tool whose correction amount is not 0 and is different from the correction amount registered in the tool master data memory corresponding to the tool is registered with the second correction amount registration. Extract each as a necessary tool,

[0009] The extracted first and second tools requiring registration are
Using the manual switch and tool change function of the NC machine tool, the tools are sequentially loaded from the magazine onto the spindle, and the tool is moved relative to the spindle and table using the manual feed function of the machine to bring the tool into contact with the detector attached to the table. , provides a tool correction amount registration method for an NC machine tool in which the correction amount is calculated from the current feed amount and the set reference value using the calculation function of the machine, and is set in the corresponding area of tool correction data. .

In addition, when measuring and setting the correction amount in this way, in order to facilitate the measurement of the correction amount by manual feeding, when first measuring the correction amount of the tool mounted on the spindle, it is necessary to The horizontal position coordinates when the tool hits the tool are memorized, and when a second or subsequent tool is attached to the spindle, the horizontal position coordinates are used to move the tool to the detector before measuring the correction amount by manual feed. The present invention also provides a method for automatically moving the object directly above the object at a predetermined interval.

[0011]

[Operation] The above tool compensation amount registration method can be used to modify/register a tool with a compensation amount of 0 (a tool that has been newly inserted into the magazine and has not yet been registered), or a tool whose data is deleted when the compensation amount is to be corrected. (e.g., tools with a fixed value) and specific tools that require a constant correction amount at all times, and whose correction amount differs from the value registered in the tool master data memory. Then, the tools to be used are extracted from the machining program, and among them, the one with such a correction amount is selected as the first tool.
, is extracted as a tool requiring the second correction amount.

When the extraction is completed, the extracted tools are sequentially called to the spindle using the tool exchange function of the NC machine tool. Then, using the manual feed function, the tool is applied to a detector attached to the table, and the correction amount is measured from the feed amount at this time using the calculation function. This measurement result is registered in the tool correction data memory.

In particular, when a second or subsequent tool is attached to the spindle, the tool is automatically moved above the detector using the detector position coordinates stored during the first measurement.
Manual feed amount is minimized to simplify operation.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the configuration of an NC machine tool 4 that implements the tool correction amount registration method of the present invention. This N
The C machine tool 4 carries out machining according to the machining method and machining dimensions described in the machining program.
Its basic constituent parts will be explained first.

5 is a CPU, which is connected to the NC through the bus line 6.
Controls and manages the machine tool 4. Reference numeral 7 denotes a main shaft on which a tool 8 is attached, and 9 is a table on which a workpiece is attached. Reference numeral 10 denotes an XYZ three-dimensional feed mechanism that moves the main shaft 7 and the table 9 relative to each other, and is controlled by a servo mechanism 11. Reference numeral 12 denotes an operation console, which has a CRT 13 for displaying various menus and a keyboard 14 for inputting operation commands and data. 15
is an auto tool changer (ATC) which is a tool changing function of the NC machine tool 4, and calls out the tool 8 from the magazine 16 and attaches it to the spindle 7. This ATC 15 is connected to the CPU 5 through an interface 19 and a programmable controller 18. A processing program memory 19 reads a processing program from a recording medium such as a paper tape. A tool correction data memory 20 stores pairs of correction numbers and correction amounts. This pair of memories is stored in the magazine 1 when starting machining with a machining program different from the previous one.
The data that is not updated is saved as new tools are added to 6 or replaced with different tools.

The basic operation of this NC machine tool 4 will be explained. When the execution of a machining program is commanded from the console 12, the CPU 5 uses the tool change function (ATC) 15 to replace and attach the tool 8 according to the machining method to the spindle 7, and uses the feed mechanism 10 to move the workpiece. A predetermined amount of relative movement is given to the attached table 9 and spindle 7 in accordance with the machining dimensions and the amount of correction. This correction amount is determined according to the size of the tool 8, and is, for example, the length h for a drill, and the length h and diameter d for an end mill. This correction amount is specified in the machining program as a pair of tool number Tn and correction numbers Hn and Dn (T1...H1
), (T2...H2, D1), (T3...D2)
..., and the tool correction data memory 20 contains a pair of correction number and correction amount (H1...55, H2...105
, H3...120..., D1...19, D2...15, D
3...40...), and during execution, the CPU 5 refers to the tool correction data memory 20 and reads it out based on the correction number in the machining program.

The method of the present invention applies when the amount of correction is not registered in the tool correction data memory 20 for the tool used in the machining program, and when the amount of correction is not registered in the tool correction data memory 20, and for a specific tool that requires the amount of correction to be a constant value. If there is a registration error, this tool is automatically extracted and easily measured and registered on the NC machine tool 4.

FIG. 1 will now be further described with respect to the portions added for performing this extraction, measurement, and registration. Reference numeral 21 denotes a used tool data memory that stores pairs of tool numbers and correction numbers of tools used in the machining program. Reference numeral 22 is a tool master data memory, in which information about a specific tool, such as a finishing tool, for which the amount of correction should always be kept constant, is stored.
Register the tool number and correction amount pair as necessary.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a correction data check circuit, which includes a used tool data check circuit 25 and a measured tool data storage circuit 2.
6, the registered contents of the used tool data memory 21, tool correction data memory 20, and tool master data memory 22 are compared, and the tools whose correction amount needs to be corrected are designated as the first and second tools that require correction amount registration. Extract.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a measurement tool data memory for storing the first and second correction amount registration required tools output from the correction data check circuit 26.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a tool correction amount measuring circuit, which is composed of a tool measurement control circuit 29, a tool correction data calculation circuit 30, a tool correction amount storage circuit 31, and a sensor position acquisition circuit 32, and is stored in the measured tool data memory 27. The correction amounts are measured for the first and second tools requiring correction amount registration, and the correction amounts in the tool correction data memory 20 are corrected and registered based on the measurement results.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a tool measurement sequence, which determines the measurement order of the tools when measuring the correction amount, manages the progress, returns the measured tool to the magazine 16, and calls the next measurement tool to the spindle 7. , is a circuit for positioning a tool attached to the spindle 7 onto the touch sensor 35.

A machine coordinate memory 34 stores the machine coordinates at that time when a tool measurement operation is performed by moving the X, Y, and Z axes. A touch sensor 35 is a detector, and is fixed to the table 9 when measuring the amount of correction. At this time, the height reference value hc and the horizontal reference value dc are registered in the tool correction data calculation circuit 30. This reference value is, for example, as shown in FIG.
This is the distance in the x direction.

A sensor position memory 36 stores the position of the touch sensor 35 on the table. The procedure for registering the tool correction amount in the above configuration will be explained. When the machining program is registered in the machining program memory 19, the operation console 12 instructs the CPU 5 to analyze the tool used by specifying the program number. As a result, the tool number and correction number used in the machining program are extracted and stored in the used tool data memory 21 as a pair.

Next, when correction verification is started on the operation console 12, the used tool correction data check circuit 24 extracts the tool that requires correction as the first and second correction amount registration required tools, and selects the tool to be measured. The data is stored in the data memory 27. The extraction procedure is as follows.

First, the content of the correction amount registered in the tool correction data memory 20 is checked using the correction number registered in the used tool data memory 21, and the tool whose value is 0 is selected as the tool that requires first correction amount registration. Extract as. Furthermore, the correction amounts registered in the tool correction data memory 20 corresponding to these correction numbers are not 0, but when referenced by tool number, tools that differ from the correction amounts registered in the tool master data memory 22 are It is extracted as a tool requiring second correction amount registration. These tools are temporarily stored in the measurement tool data storage circuit 26.
, and then registered in the measurement tool data memory 27. The procedure for checking the correction data is shown in a flowchart as shown in FIG.

Note that a tool with a correction amount of 0 is a tool for which no correction amount has been registered, a tool that has been newly added to the magazine 16 and has not yet been registered, or a tool that has been deleted with the intention of updating, but has forgotten to enter new data. Tools, etc. Furthermore, the tools registered in the tool master data memory 22 are specific tools that require constant correction amounts.

Next, the manual switch (keyboard) on the console 12 is operated to start the correction amount measurement. At this time, the tool measurement control circuit 29 causes the tool measurement sequence 33 to determine the procedure for performing the measurement. When the start of measurement is commanded, tool 8 with the tool change function (ATC15) selected
is attached to the main shaft 7. Therefore, using the manual feeding function (feeding mechanism 10) of the NC machine tool 4, the tool 8 is moved to the table 9.
The main shaft 7 and the table 9 are moved relative to each other until they hit the probe of the touch sensor 35 attached to the main shaft 7 and the table 9. This feed amount is detected by the movement amount measuring means of the servo mechanism 11, the current position is always stored in the machine coordinate memory 34, and the feed amount at the time when the touch sensor 35 detects contact is calculated by the tool measurement data. It is output to the circuit 30. At the same time, these coordinates are stored in the sensor position memory 36 through the sensor position acquisition circuit 32. When measuring the tool length h, the tool correction data calculation circuit 30 subtracts the feed amount Hs from the set reference value Hc to obtain the measured value H to be registered, as shown in FIG. 4(a). , tool diameter d
When measuring, as shown in Fig. 4(b), subtract the feed amount Ds from the set reference value Dc, double the value, and obtain the correction value D = 2 (Dc - Ds) to be registered. demand. This correction value is temporarily stored in the tool correction storage circuit 31, and then stored in the tool correction data memory 20 according to an instruction from the console 12.
will be registered.

When the registration of the correction amount for the first tool is completed in this way, the second tool 8 is moved to the magazine 16 by the functions of the tool measurement control circuit 29, the tool measurement sequence 33, the automatic tool change function (ATC 15), etc. is called from the main axis. At this time, according to the position coordinates of the detector stored in the sensor position memory 36 when measuring the correction amount of the first tool, the tool 8 mounted on the spindle 7 is moved to the touch sensor 35 as shown in FIG. 4(c). The amount of manual feed for subsequent measurements can be reduced. This automatic positioning operation is performed in the same way when a third or subsequent tool is attached to the spindle, thereby saving labor in measurement work. When the correction amount of the last tool determined in the tool measurement sequence 33 is measured, the correction amount registration operation ends.

The procedure for measuring the above correction amount can be summarized as shown in FIG.
The process will look like the flowchart shown below.

[0031]

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, the amount of tool compensation can be measured and
The registration work is performed using the tool change function (ATC) of the NC machine tool.
), manual feeding function, calculation function, etc., it can be easily performed using only the NC machine tool without using other means such as a tool presetter or tool layout table, and its workability can be greatly improved.

In particular, in the present invention, since tools that require correction amount registration are automatically extracted from the machining program, tool errors that are likely to occur in manual work using a tool layout table can be avoided, and reliability can be improved. .

[0033] Furthermore, in the method according to claim 2 of the present invention,
During the second and subsequent correction amount measurements, the tool attached to the spindle is automatically moved above the detector, so work efficiency can be further improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the structure of an NC machine tool that implements the tool correction amount registration method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a procedure for extracting tools requiring correction amount registration, which is performed in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for measuring a tool correction amount performed in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the principle of calculating the correction amount from the feed amount with respect to the positional relationship between the touch sensor, the tool, and the spindle.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a tool layout table and an operation console showing a conventional tool correction amount registration method.

[Explanation of symbols]

4 NC machine tools 7 Main shaft 8 Tools 9 Table 10　Feeding mechanism 14 Keyboard (manual switch) 15 Tool change function (ATC) 16 Magazine 19 Machining program memory 20 Tool compensation data memory 21 Tool data memory used 22 Tool master data memory 30 Tool correction data calculation circuit 32 Sensor position acquisition circuit 35 Detector (touch sensor) 36 Sensor position memory

Claims (2)

[Claims] [Claim 1] NC machining in which the tool used in the machining program has a compensation number, and the workpiece is machined while adding compensation to the NC data with a compensation amount corresponding to the compensation number registered in a separate memory. Before starting machining, the machine extracts the tool number used in the machining program and the compensation number assigned to it, and calculates the compensation amount registered in the tool compensation data memory corresponding to each compensation number. 0 is the tool that requires first correction amount registration, and for tools whose correction amount is not 0 and which is different from the correction amount registered in the tool master data memory corresponding to this tool, the second correction is performed. The extracted first and second tools that need to be registered are sequentially installed from the magazine onto the spindle using the manual switch and tool change function of the NC machine tool as tools that require quantity registration, and the manual feed of the same machine is performed. The tool is moved relative to the spindle and table using the function to bring the tool into contact with the detector attached to the table, and the machine's calculation function calculates the correction amount from the feed amount at this time and the set reference value. A method for registering a tool correction amount for an NC machine tool, characterized in that the tool correction amount is set in a corresponding area of tool correction data. [Claim 2] When measuring and setting the correction amount of the extracted first and second tools requiring registration, when the correction amount of the tool mounted on the spindle is first measured, the tool is detected by the detector. The horizontal position coordinates at the time of collision are memorized, and when a second or subsequent tool is attached to the spindle, the horizontal position coordinates are used to move the tool to the true position of the detector before measuring the correction amount by manual feed. 2. The method of registering a tool correction amount for an NC machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is automatically moved upward at a predetermined interval.