JPH04273392A - Data medium and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a data medium containing the plane elements(OVD) having the optical variable effects dependent on the visual angles of a hologram, etc., such as ID cards, the securities, etc., in particular, and also a series of data media or a single data medium which can be individually identified, and also to provide a method to produce such data media. CONSTITUTION: The additional information 5 are prepared between an OVD 3 and the surface of a data medium 1 in the form of symbols, graphics, etc., which are built later into the OVD 3, overlap the optically variable effect of the OVD 3 and can be visually recognized in the same way at least in a prescribed area of the OVD 3.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION The invention relates to data carriers, in particular ID cards, securities, etc., with planar elements (OVDs) with viewing angle-dependent optically variable effects, and a method for producing such data carriers. Regarding.

0002

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In order to protect data media, it is known to use optically variable devices (hereinafter referred to as OVD) whose visual effects are based on diffraction, interference, etc. In this regard, holograms, cinegrams, diffraction gratings and interference layer elements are used in particular to protect credit cards, ID cards, bank notes, securities, etc. Such a device fulfills the traditional protection requirements for human-testable authenticity, namely high manufacturing effort on the one hand and clear testability without resorting to any additional measures on the other hand. Furthermore, since OVDs correspond to the latest technological level,
Related products are also equipped with modern advanced technology.

Due to the high manufacturing effort required, embossed holograms, for example, are relatively expensive and have hitherto limited their use as a medium for personal information. The economical production of holograms has hitherto been possible only in mass production. however,
In order to further protect against counterfeiting, and to be able to further individually identify a series or a single card, it is necessary to make holograms with the same appearance distinguishable from each other by additional means, i.e. similar Despite the use of holograms, it is necessary to be able to identify individuals to some extent in the hologram area. Although the holograms themselves do not directly indicate a difference, these additional measures make different cards visually distinguishable in the hologram area.

[0004] In the ideal case, these means should also be suitable for containing personal data that only concern the authorized user of the ID card, for example. The problem therefore arises when applying holograms to data carriers such that they are unique only to each and every data carrier, or at least to a limited number of data carriers. The point is to individualize when it is not too late.

The invention is therefore based on the problem of proposing a data medium with optically variable devices, in particular holograms, in which said optically variable devices are individualized by additional means.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide additional information in the OVD area in the form of symbols, figures, etc. that are subsequently incorporated into the OVD, overlap the optically variable effects, and are also visually recognizable. This is solved by

According to the invention, a data medium, in particular an ID
In cards, securities, etc., additional information is then incorporated into said optically variable effect element in the form of symbols, figures, etc. that overlap the optically variable effect and are likewise visually recognizable. A data medium is obtained which is characterized in that it is provided in the region of an element having a variable effect.

According to the invention there is also provided a method for manufacturing a data medium, in particular an ID card, a security, etc., with an optically variable planar element, the step of providing a data medium preferably having a smooth surface. providing an optically variable planar element, preferably as a planar element applied by a transfer method; and applying locally defined changes on said optically variable planar element or on the surface of said data carrier. applying the planar element to the surface of the data carrier using heat and pressure, and optionally peeling off a support from the optically variable planar element fixed to the data carrier. A method for manufacturing a data medium is obtained, characterized in that the method comprises:

[0009]

[Operation] The present invention uses a planar element in which an optically variable effect exists over a wide area, and the optically variable effect is locally changed, attenuated, or It is based on the discovery that additional information can be stored in almost any planar element with viewing angle-dependent optically variable effects, provided that it can even be destroyed. If these disturbances are given in the form of figures, symbols or pictograms, they are integrated into the OVD provided on the data carrier as figures, symbols or pictograms and are integrated into optically variable effects that can be seen at a particular viewing angle. Additionally, they can be recognized as well. In this way, on the one hand it is integrated within the OVD so that it can be verified with it, and on the other hand it is possible to create a personalization of the OVD that can thereby be protected against modification and tampering.

[0010] The additional information according to the invention is preferably created using a technique that is separate from the OVD manufacturing process and that selectively incorporates perturbations into the layers that provide the optically variable effect. In the simplest case, this is
This can be done by adding locally localized surface roughness to areas with relatively small surface roughness and forcing this roughness onto the OVD when it is applied to the data medium.

[0011] The term "surface roughening" refers to a data medium in which the OVD is subsequently fixed.

Therefore, the so-called cold bonding method (col
When roughening the surface using the d-bonding method, the optically variable layer is locally applied to the surface.
It must have the necessary roughness to "disturb" at room temperature. hot-laminating
method) or hot stamping method (ho
In the case of elements applied by the t-stamping method, the roughness must still be present sufficiently at this temperature, or at least appear eventually, in order to obtain the desired effect. The last mentioned aspect is of particular importance when using printing inks containing pigments and the like together with thermoplastic binders. This is because these inks basically form a sufficiently smooth surface in the dry state, but when the surface is sufficiently heated under the action of pressure (lamination pressure or hot stamping pressure), This is because the pigment appears on the surface as "roughness." This is probably because if a sufficiently high proportion of pigment is present, the pressure will push the binder aside, leaving the solid pigment "stacked" as it were. Since the effect of the present invention does not occur with insufficient pigment proportions, with excessively thick ink layers, or with binders that do not become completely fluid at the lamination temperature, "roughness" is particularly regulated by these parameters. can do.

To obtain the effects of the invention, surface structures constructed in the data carrier by engraving, sandblasting, embossing, etching, etc. are suitable, regardless of the method of applying the planar elements. However, if the optically variable device uses a data carrier which is applied by hot lamination or hot stamping methods, it is already sufficient for the roughness to be present only in the hot state. That is, it is also possible to use pigments embedded in thermoplastic binders.

By combining two of the possibilities mentioned above, for example by partially engraving the uniformly colored outer layer of the data carrier and by covering the surface roughness with an uncolored smooth layer. It is of course also conceivable to locally eliminate surface roughness or to partially iron rough structures provided on the surface.

The layered elements used basically have, on the one hand, different optical properties at different viewing angles and, on the other hand, the surface roughness, by surface deformation, visually (preferably) All elements are thin enough to be appreciably altered (in areas such as using microscopy). These requirements are met by all thin glossy layers applied by transfer techniques and by appropriately applied diffraction gratings, holograms, cinegrams,
Substantially filled with interference layered elements or the like.

The basic principles of the invention will be explained below with respect to various planar elements which are produced as semi-finished products on so-called transfer supports and which are transferred by transfer methods to actual data carriers.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 5 shows a conventional data medium 1, for example I
Showing D card.

Such a data carrier 1 usually consists of a plurality of film layers, the inner layers of which are opaque;
A printed pattern 2 is provided on its front and back sides. In order to avoid damage, tampering and counterfeiting of the printed pattern 2, the printed inner layer is usually covered with a transparent film layer. Optically variable devices, in this case holograms 3, are generally applied on the outer surface of these transparent protective films. This joining can be carried out by gluing (cold lamination) or by lamination under the action of heat and pressure (hot lamination) using so-called hot stamping or hot lamination methods. Regardless of the bonding method, efforts are always being made to place holograms on the card surface, preferably very thin, without forming ridges.

It is well known that a typical transferred hologram looks like a high-gloss mirror at certain viewing angles, but has a metallic reflective layer that clearly shows holographic information at other viewing angles. There is. Such holograms are integrated into the design of the data carrier. That is, they are matched with the printed pattern 2 so that together they form an optical unit.

FIG. 1 shows a known ID card 1 in which additional information 5 according to the invention is provided in the area of an embossed hologram 3, in this case in the form of the letter "A". The additional information 5 is integrated into the high gloss metal layer of the hologram 3 as a matte structure. When viewed at different angles of reflection,
On the one hand, the holographic information can be perceptible as usual, but on the other hand, the additional information that can be perceptible in almost all viewing angles and is in a sense covered by the holographic information is It is also distinguished from common holographic information because of its appearance. Additional information 5 is that at the reflection angle where no holographic effect is observed and the metal layer appears only as a mirror,
This can be especially clearly recognized. At angles where holographic information appears particularly clearly, additional information 5
is illuminated more brightly by holographic information, so to speak, so you can't see it very well.

The structure of a transfer hologram that can be used in the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. 2 without considering the actual proportions. The transfer band includes a support 10 that is, for example, a polyester film.
and melted at the lamination temperature to form the support layer 1.
0 and a separation layer 12 that can be peeled off. Adjacent to the separation layer 12, a protective lacquer layer 14 is provided, which becomes the outer layer after transferring the hologram to the data carrier and provides some mechanical protection for the hologram. Beneath the protective lacquer layer 14 there is a thermoplastic resin layer 16 in which the diffractive structure of the hologram is embossed by means of a press die. metal layer 1
8 is sputtered onto the hologram structure. Depending on the production method, the embossing and metallization can also be carried out in the reverse order. Finally, a protective lacquer layer 20 and a heat sealing layer 22 above it are usually provided on the embossed side of the laminate. Metal layer 18 can also be sputtered thin so that it is partially transparent. Also,
A screen may be used to apply the metal layer or various other methods may be used.

The embossed hologram 3 consisting of layers 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 is transferred to the data carrier 1 with the aid of a support 10.

The embossed hologram is transferred to the data medium by a hot stamping method using a so-called hot stamping die. Transfer band to heat seal layer 2
2 is placed on the medium layer 24. By pressing the hot stamping die at a predetermined pressure for a certain period of time, the separation layer 12 under the hot stamping die is melted and the heat sealing layer 22 is activated. After removing the hot stamping die, the support 10 is peeled off. Precisely, the part of the hologram embossed by the hot stamping die remains fixed to the data medium 1 on the medium layer 24. The remaining part of the hologram that is not located directly below the hot stamping die remains on the support and is removed from the data carrier 1 together with the support. Transfer bands are known per se and are not an object of the present invention.

Hot lamination transfer is carried out in a manner similar to that described above, except that the data carrier is completely covered with the laminating plate and heat and pressure are applied over the entire area of the data carrier. Therefore, if the element to be transferred is to be confined to a part of the data carrier, it must already be present in the transfer band in the extent that it will later be present on the data carrier.

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the hologram portion of the data medium 1 shown in FIG. For simplicity, the card body 1, which generally consists of three or more layers, is shown as one layer. For clarity the proportions of each layer are not true as well. Card 1, designed as a standard card, typically has approximately 0
．． It is 76mm thick. The thickness of the transferred hologram is usually in the range of several μm.

The layered structure of FIG. 3 includes a data medium 1 to which a hologram consisting of layers 20, 18, 16 and 14 is fixed by means of an adhesive layer 22. The layered structure of FIG. Holographic information 4 is a method known as microrelief,
It is pressed into the thermoplastic resin layer 16 and the metal thin layer 18. Layers 14 and 20 are designed as resistive lacquer layers to protect the hologram from mechanical damage.

Layered structures 14, 16, 18, 20 and 2
2 is of such dimensions and structure that, on the one hand, it is a mechanically stable unit when fixed to the card body, but on the other hand, it has such a low inherent stability that the hologram will collapse when removed from the card. It is configured. A more detailed description of such transfer holograms can be found, for example, in DE-A-33 08 831.

In FIG. 4, the same layered structure as in FIG. 3 has been selected, except that the additional information 5 is integrated into the layered structure in this case in a structurally heterogeneous manner. .

[0030] As explained below, the additional information 5 can be created in a variety of different ways. In this case of FIG. 4, it is created by additional printed information 6 which is provided below the hologram and is forced into the layers 20 and 18 supporting the hologram through the layered structure when applying the OVD. The printing layer 6 consists of a colored ink and preferably has a thickness of about 5 to 20 μm. The ratio of binder to pigment is chosen such that a good "filling" is present in the dry ink layer, ie, the pigment is present continuously when viewed through the layer cross section. This is generally the case with highly opaque pigmented inks.

Since inks vary greatly in structure depending on the components used, it is impossible to state a preferred mixing ratio. However, experiments have shown that many highly opaque colored inks can be used to achieve the desired effect without further additional measures. The magnitude of the effect must be verified experimentally for each ink separately. The magnitude of the effect can then be varied by varying the layer thickness or by varying the pigment or binder proportions.

[0032] Wiederhold
Particularly good results have been obtained using screen printing inks commercially available under the tradenames J65, J60, J12 and J20 from Co., Ltd.). Pigments that have proven particularly useful are carbon black, chrome yellow and titanium dioxide, although this is not intended to limit the invention to these pigments.

The hologram 3, shown in cross section in FIG. 4 and provided on the printing layer 6, is pressed onto the card surface by hot lamination under the action of pressure and heat. During pressing, the softened adhesive layer 22 is activated and generally brings about a close contact with the card, while the screen printing layer is forced into the layered structure of the transferred hologram.

[0034] While the thermoplastic binder of the pigmented ink softens like the adhesive layer and the pigments "stay layered",
The effect of the invention probably occurs because it flows aside under pressure and forms a more or less rough surface structure depending on the particle size. This structure is forced into the hologram layer 18 and causes visually perceptible disturbances in the otherwise smooth metal surface in the relief structure of the hologram in the micron range. The turbulence created in this way, on the one hand, attenuates the holographic recording and, on the other hand, produces matte planar structures in the high-gloss metal that contrast well with the surroundings and can therefore be visually discerned.

Depending on the efficacy of the pigment structure, the disturbance of the holographic effect can be adjusted within a wide range. That is,
The holographic effect can be completely eliminated in these regions, or it can be weakened so that the additional information is only noticeable when looking closer at a viewing angle that is grazing the metal layer.

As already mentioned, various means are conceivable for producing the effects of the invention. In the simplest case,
The information and data selected for personalization are applied with a pigmented ink in the areas of the card where they will appear in the hologram to which they are subsequently applied. When the holographic planar elements are applied onto this printed pattern by hot lamination or hot stamping transfer, the printed surface portions are deposited later in the hologram as a matte surface into the otherwise high gloss metallic layer of the hologram. Recognized. The hologram effect is attenuated by these means to varying degrees depending on their effectiveness, but is generally not completely destroyed, so that an overlap of two types of information can be detected at a certain viewing angle.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, additional printed information can also be printed by means of pigmented ink onto the adhesive layer 22 of the transfer hologram and transferred to the data carrier 1 at the same time.

It is also possible to print the pigment-containing layer over large areas on the data carrier and then subsequently remove the areas that are to still appear shiny in the hologram by engraving or cover them with a transparent lacquer or the like.

Instead of the extensive pigment-containing printing layer, depending on the additional information, a suitably filled cover film may also be partially covered with a transparent lacquer or the like, or depending on the additional information, the thickness of the adhesive layer may be used. It is likewise within the scope of the present invention to use transfer holograms whose repositioning has been varied.

The invention will now be further explained by some examples out of the many possible variants.

Example 1 The OVD area of a multilayer card with a transparent protective film on its outer surface was printed (alphanumeric symbols, figures, etc.) by screen printing technology. Screen printing is done using Wiederhold Screen Printing Ink J.
65 (containing carbon black pigment) with a 70 screen (70 mesh/cm). This screen printing ink, which originally exists in paste form, is mixed with 10% thinner (Wiederhold JVS).
) mixed with

A commercially available transfer hologram was laminated onto the cured print with a dry layer thickness of approximately 20 μm.

After peeling off the transfer foil, the hologram could be recognized in the unprinted areas with high gloss. In the area of the screen-printed symbols, these parts were present as clearly delineated matte structures that were well recognized at all viewing angles. The holographic effect was still visible in the area of additional information, but only to a very attenuated extent.

Example 2 A card similar to that in Example 1 was used, ie a multilayer structure with a transparent protective film on the outside. O.V.
In area D, symbols were applied to the card surface in the form of a grained surface relief. This surface relief was originally created by locally sandblasting the high-gloss laminate board.

A commercially available transfer hologram was applied onto the relief structure by a hot stamping transfer method.

After peeling off the transfer band, the symbol could likewise be recognized as a sharply delineated matte structure, distinctly different from the glossy structure of the hologram at certain viewing angles. However, in this example, this matte structure was quite weak and was mainly visible only at viewing angles just past the metal layer. In this example, the holographic effect was also so strong in the area of the additional information that the additional information became almost completely invisible at the optimum viewing angle for the hologram.

Example 3 A card similar to that in Example 1 was coated with screen printing ink (Wiederhold J65, 70 mesh/cm) over the entire area of its OVD.
Printed using a screen). After the ink has hardened,
A pattern was engraved into the screen printed surface, or the screen printing ink within the pattern was removed.

After laminating the transfer hologram thereon, the engraved part can be recognized as a glossy structure with a clearly distinguishable holographic effect against a matte surrounding with a damped holographic effect. Ta. The attenuation of the holographic effect almost matched that in Example 1.

Example 4 A card having a screen-printed area over a wide area was prepared in Example 3.
After the ink has hardened, clear lacquer (Wiederhold) is applied over it.
(old) J70, layer thickness approx. 20 μm). A commercially available transfer hologram was applied onto this assembly by hot stamping transfer method.

After peeling off the transfer foil, the areas covered by the transparent lacquer could be recognized with a high-gloss, unattenuated holographic effect in the hologram area. In the areas not covered by the lacquer, additional information was recognized in the form of a matte structure with a highly damped holographic effect, as mentioned in Example 1.

Example 5 Transfer holograms in which the thickness of the adhesive layer was varied in a pattern were laminated (according to Example 3) onto a screen-printed card over a large area. The thickness of the thin adhesive layer region corresponded to the usual thickness in transferred holograms. The thick adhesive layer areas were made thicker by approximately 15 μm by printing additional adhesive.

After applying the hologram by hot lamination, additional information was recognized (in the area of the thin adhesive layer) as the same matte structure as in Example 1. In the region of the thick adhesive layer, the hologram was present in an unattenuated shiny structure.

Example 6 A commercially available transfer hologram was applied by hot stamping (according to Example 1) to a card with a transparent outer layer film. Before applying the hologram, a colored ink (Wiederhold J65,
A screen printed pattern was applied to the adhesive layer using a 70 screen).

After peeling off the transfer foil, this screen-printed pattern was visible as a matte structure in the high-gloss metal layer of the hologram, just as in the previous example.

Example 7 Clear lacquer (Wiederhol)
d) Transparent lacquer J70 obtained from Co., Ltd., layer thickness approximately 10μ
The negative print made in step m) was placed in the OVD area of a card whose outer layer was designed as an opaque white PVC film with titanium dioxide as filler. A thin metal layer of high gloss was applied onto the transparent lacquer layer by a hot stamping transfer method.

After peeling off the transfer foil, the surface parts not covered by the transparent lacquer could be seen as matte structures in the high-gloss metal layer to varying degrees depending on the viewing angle.

Example 8 A transferred hologram was applied by hot stamping (according to Example 1) to a card with a transparent cover film. Prior to application to the card, a relief created by sandblasting was embossed from behind against a highly polished steel plate to form a pattern on this transferred hologram. The additional structure created in this way could already be recognized as a matte pattern structure in the transferred hologram before it was transferred to the card.

After the transfer hologram was applied to the card surface by hot stamping, the matte structure remained almost unchanged and was clearly visible at different viewing angles, as in the examples described above.

Example 9 A transfer interference element was applied to the card described in Example 1 by hot stamping transfer. Such interference elements are known, eg, U.S. Pat. No. 3,858,97
It is stated in No. 7.

[0060] Before applying the transfer element, the rough pattern structure is placed behind (adhesive layer) against a smooth steel surface.
This transfer interference element was formed by embossing. The transfer element normally has a gold-orange color effect that changes to an iridescent green color effect at different viewing angles. Areas with additional information were still visible almost consistently at all viewing angles as matte structures exhibiting a slightly iridescent yellow color.

After applying the interference element created in this way, the additional information generated by the embossed structure was present in almost the same form.

Example 10 A transfer interference element was applied to the card described in Example 1 (screen printed on a transparent cover film). After peeling off the transfer foil, the same color change effect as in the example described in Example 9 was observed in the screen printed areas.

According to the present invention, it is possible to add additional information to OVDs very easily and inexpensively. With respect to its optically variable effect, its efficacy can be selectively adjusted to lack predominance at all viewing angles, or to have only a secondary effect, or to be sufficiently appreciable to incorporate additional information. . The additional information is always distinguishable from the optically variable effect and harmoniously integrated into the general impression of the optically variable effect.

The method of producing the effects of the invention can be easily integrated into known card manufacturing techniques. Optically variable devices, especially holograms, are usually applied in one of the last manufacturing steps of the card, if laminated and already stamped.

The structure required for the additional information of the invention can be generated in one or more intermediate operations. Depending on the materials used and the desired effect, the necessary measures are taken for the particular semi-finished and/or finished product.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 shows a data medium with an OVD provided with additional information according to the invention; FIG.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of a transfer band.

3 shows a cross section of the known data medium of FIG. 5; FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross section of the data medium of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows a known data medium provided with OVD.

[Explanation of symbols]

1... Data carrier 2... Print pattern 3... Optically variable device (hologram) 4... Holographic information (wavy lines) 5... Additional information 6... Print layer (additional printed information) 10... Support 12... Separation layer 14... Protective lacquer Layer 16...Thermoplastic resin layer 18...Metal layer 20...Protective lacquer layer 22...Adhesive layer (heat sealing layer)

Claims (29)

[Claims] 1. A data carrier, in particular an ID card, a security document, etc., comprising a planar element with an optically variable effect depending on the viewing angle, in which additional information is subsequently incorporated into said element with an optically variable effect. A data carrier, characterized in that the data carrier is provided in the area of the element with an optically variable effect in the form of symbols, figures, etc., which overlap the optically variable effect and can likewise be visually recognized. 2. A data carrier according to claim 1, wherein the additional information is present in the form of locally localized structural changes, disturbances or inhomogeneities in the optically variable effect element. A data medium characterized by: 3. Data carrier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said additional information is not produced by the technology of said optically variable effect element. 4. A data medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the element having an optically variable effect is present in the form of a multilayer thin film laminated on the data medium. Medium. 5. Data carrier according to claim 4, characterized in that the element with optically variable effects is a high-gloss metallic layer, an interference layer structure or a diffractive structure, preferably a hologram. 6. A data medium according to claim 5, wherein the element having an optically variable effect is an embossed hologram. 7. A data medium according to claim 1, wherein the element having an optically variable effect is formed in another layer (14, 16, 2).
A data medium characterized in that, in addition to 0), it has a shiny metal thin film layer (18). 8. A data medium according to claim 1, wherein the additional information is created by locally limited changes in the surface structure of the data medium or by locally limited incorporation of additions. A data medium characterized in that: 9. A data carrier according to claim 8, characterized in that the additional information is created by incorporating locally limited appendages into the data carrier or into an adhesive layer adjacent to the data carrier. data medium. 10. A data medium according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional information is created by locally limited variation of the layer thickness of the planar element. 11. The data medium according to claim 10,
Data medium, characterized in that the additional information is created by locally limited variation of the layer thickness of the adhesive layer adjacent to the data medium surface. 12. A data carrier according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the appendages have such hardness and temperature stability that during application they are forced into the optically variable effect element with their shape. A data medium characterized in that it contains particles. 13. A data medium according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the appendage is applied to the data medium or to the element having an optically variable effect by a printing method. 14. The data medium according to claim 13,
Data carrier, characterized in that the additive is applied by screen printing technology and is present in a dry layer thickness of approximately 5-20 μm. 15. The data medium according to claim 13,
A data medium characterized in that the adduct is an ink containing a pigment and a binder. 16. The data medium according to claim 13,
The pigment may be carbon black, chrome yellow and/or
or a data medium characterized in that it is titanium dioxide. 17. A method for manufacturing a data medium, in particular an ID card, a security, etc., with an optically variable planar element, comprising the steps of providing a data medium, preferably having a smooth surface, and preferably a transfer method. providing an optically variable planar element as a planar element imparted by a method, applying locally defined changes on said optically variable planar element or on the surface of said data carrier, preferably using heat and pressure; the planar element on the surface of the data medium; and, if necessary, peeling off the support from the optically variable planar element fixed to the data medium. Method of manufacturing data media. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the locally limited change is produced by printing a pigment-containing ink on the data carrier or on the optically variable planar element. A method of manufacturing a data medium. 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the locally defined changes are made by printing a pigmented ink entirely on the data medium, at least in the area in which the planar elements are to be applied, and then mechanically applying the pigmented ink. or a method for producing a data medium, characterized in that the data medium is produced by selectively removing a certain portion of the printing layer by thermal engraving. 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the locally limited changes are made by printing or filling the data carrier entirely with a pigment-containing ink, at least in the area where planar elements are to be provided. A method for producing a data carrier, characterized in that it is produced by applying a cover film to the part and then locally covering the pigmented layer with pigment-free layer areas. 21. A method as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that the data carrier or transfer element is printed by a conventional printing method, preferably by a screen printing method. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the layer free of printed additives and/or pigments comprises about 5 to 20 layers.
A method for manufacturing a data medium, characterized in that the data medium is coated with a preferred thickness of μm. 23. The method of manufacturing a data medium according to claim 18, wherein the degree of change in the optical properties of the optically variable planar element is adjusted by the pigment concentration in the binder. 24. The manufacturing method according to claim 20, wherein the degree of change in the optical properties of the optically variable planar element is adjusted by the locally defined thickness of the pigment-free layer. Method of manufacturing data media. 25. The method of manufacturing according to claim 17, wherein the locally limited change is produced by forcing a rough structure in the form of additional information into the optically variable planar element or into the data medium. A method for manufacturing a data medium characterized by: 26. The method of manufacturing a data medium according to claim 25, wherein the degree of change in the optical properties of the optically variable planar element is adjusted by the surface roughness of the surface of the data medium. 27. The method of manufacturing a data medium according to claim 17, wherein said locally limited change is caused by changing the thickness of an adhesive layer of said optically variable planar element. Production method. 28. A method of manufacturing a data medium according to claim 27, wherein the degree of change in optical properties of said optically variable planar element is adjusted by its layer thickness. 29. The data medium according to claim 1, wherein the additional information is in an adhesive layer adjacent to a surface of the data medium, the additional information displacing the layer thickness of the adhesive layer. Data medium characterized in that it is present in the form or as a printed ink containing additives, in particular pigments.