EP0477535B1 - Multilayered data carrier and its method of manufacture - Google Patents

Multilayered data carrier and its method of manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0477535B1
EP0477535B1 EP91114013A EP91114013A EP0477535B1 EP 0477535 B1 EP0477535 B1 EP 0477535B1 EP 91114013 A EP91114013 A EP 91114013A EP 91114013 A EP91114013 A EP 91114013A EP 0477535 B1 EP0477535 B1 EP 0477535B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data carrier
plane element
surface roughness
layer
areas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91114013A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0477535A2 (en
EP0477535A3 (en
Inventor
Albert Ojster
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GAO Gesellschaft fuer Automation und Organisation mbH
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GAO Gesellschaft fuer Automation und Organisation mbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/305Associated digital information
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/23Identity cards
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373Metallic materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378Special inks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/405Marking
    • B42D25/425Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/45Associating two or more layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/45Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/455Associating two or more layers using heat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/45Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/46Associating two or more layers using pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42DBOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40Manufacture
    • B42D25/45Associating two or more layers
    • B42D25/465Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
    • B42D25/47Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a single-layer or multi-layer data carrier, in particular an identification card, security or the like, with a surface element (OVD) applied to a surface, which has optically variable effects which are dependent on the viewing angle, and a method for producing such a data carrier.
  • OLED surface element
  • OTD optically variable elements
  • holograms, kinegams, diffraction gratings and interference layer elements are used to secure credit cards, ID cards, banknotes, security documents and the like.
  • holograms, kinegams, diffraction gratings and interference layer elements are used to secure credit cards, ID cards, banknotes, security documents and the like.
  • Such elements meet the traditionally customary security requirements for authenticity features that can be tested by humans, ie. H. high production costs on the one hand and clear verifiability without additional aids on the other.
  • the OVDs are also state-of-the-art, which gives the associated product a modern, high-tech character.
  • embossed holograms are comparatively expensive, which has limited their use as carriers of individual information.
  • the production of holograms has so far only been possible in large quantities in an economically justifiable framework.
  • these measures should also be suitable to include the individual data, which, for example, is only assigned to the authorized user of an ID card.
  • the problem is therefore to individualize standard holograms produced in large series at the latest when the holograms are applied to a data carrier in such a way that they are specific only for this one data carrier or at least only for a limited number of data carriers.
  • EP-A-201 323 proposes to apply a hologram to a substrate, the hologram being designed in such a way that, on the one hand, the hologram can be clearly observed and, on the other hand, card-specific information located below the hologram can be read simultaneously. This is achieved in that all the hologram layers are at least partially transparent and the hologram-enhancing layer has a refractive index which has a difference of at least 0.1 compared to the hologram layer.
  • Cards are still known from daily use, which carry a hologram and which additional information is superimposed by embossing characters in the hologram area.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a data carrier with an optically variable element, in particular one Hologram to propose, in which any optically variable element can be individualized by additional measures.
  • This object is solved by the features of claims 1, 12 and 22. Developments of the invention are the subject of the subordinate claims.
  • the invention is based on the finding that additional information can be stored in almost all surface elements with optically variable effects that are dependent on the viewing angle, insofar as surface elements are used in which the optically variable effect is present over a large area and in which the optically variable effects are caused by structural changes, disturbances or Inhomogeneities in the layer structure changed locally, damped or even can be destroyed. If these disturbances are formed in the form of patterns, characters or symbols, they are integrated in the OVD arranged on a data carrier as patterns, symbols or symbols and, in addition to the optically variable effects that can be recognized at special viewing angles, are also recognizable. In this way, individualizations of OVDs can be produced, which can be checked together with the OVD because of the integration in the OVD, but are also protected by this from changes and manipulation.
  • the additional information according to the invention is preferably brought about in a technology deviating from the manufacture of the OVDs by targeted introduction of disturbances in the layers producing the optically variable effect, which in the simplest case is provided by providing locally limited surface roughness in surface areas with otherwise comparatively low surface roughness and by impressing it Roughness in the OVD is to be caused when it is attached to the data carrier.
  • surface roughness in the sense of the invention is to be referred to the data carrier in the state in which the OVD is fixed on the data carrier.
  • the surface When applied in so-called cold adhesive processes, the surface must have the necessary roughness at room temperature, which is necessary in order to "disturb" the optically variable layers locally. In the case of elements to be applied in the hot lamination or hot stamping process, the roughness must still have a sufficient level even at this temperature or at least appear at this temperature in good time in order to achieve the desired effects.
  • the latter aspect is of particular interest when printing inks are used in which pigments or the like together with thermoplastic binders are provided, since these printing inks form a surface which is smooth per se in the dried state, by means of which the pigments, however, in the sufficiently heated state under the action of pressure (laminating or hot stamping pressure) can make themselves known as "roughness" on the surface.
  • all elements can be used as layer elements which, on the one hand, have different optical properties at different viewing angles and, on the other hand, are so thin that the surface roughness visually changes these optical effects through surface deformations (preferably in the microscopic range).
  • These requirements essentially meet all the thin, glossy layers to be applied using transfer technology, as well as corresponding diffraction gratings, holograms, kinegrams, interference layer elements and the like.
  • Fig. 1 shows a conventional data carrier 1, z. B. an identity card, with a general print image 2 and an optically variable element 3, which is designed in the present case as an embossed hologram and in which the holographic information is symbolized with wavy lines 4.
  • Such data carriers 1 are usually constructed from a plurality of film layers in which the inner layers are opaque and are provided with printed images 2 on the front and back.
  • the printed inner layers are usually covered with transparent film layers.
  • the optically variable elements, in this case the hologram 3 are generally applied to the outer surface of these transparent cover foils. This is done either by gluing (cold lamination process) or by lamination under the influence of heat and pressure according to the so-called hot stamping or hot lamination process (hot lamination). Regardless of the method of application, the aim is always to arrange the preferably very thin hologram as smoothly as possible on the card surface.
  • the common transfer holograms have a metallized reflection layer, which looks like a high-gloss mirror under special viewing angles, but clearly shows the holographic information under other viewing angles.
  • Such holograms are integrated in the design of the data carrier, i. H. matched with the printed image 2 so that together they form an optical unit.
  • the additional information 5 is in the area of the embossed hologram 3, in the present case in the form of the Letter "A" are provided.
  • the additional information 5 is integrated in the highly shiny metal layer of the hologram 3 as a matt structure.
  • the holographic information is recognizable on the one hand, as usual, but on the other hand the additional information 5, which can be recognized from almost all viewing angles and which is virtually overlaid by the holographic information, stands out from the general due to the flat matt appearance holographic information.
  • the additional information 5 can be seen particularly clearly and specifically, especially under the reflection angles at which the holographic effects cannot be recognized, but rather the metal layer only appears as a mirror. At the angles at which the holographic information appears particularly clearly, the additional information 5 is less visible because it is to a certain extent outshone by the holographic information.
  • the structure of a transfer hologram that can be used according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 3 without taking into account the actual proportions.
  • the transfer belt consists of a carrier material 10, for example a polyester film, a separating layer 12 arranged thereon, which melts at the laminating temperature and enables the carrier layer 10 to be detached.
  • a protective lacquer layer 14 is provided adjacent to the separating layer 12, which comes to rest as an outer layer after transfer of the transfer hologram to a data carrier and offers the hologram a certain mechanical protection.
  • a thermoplastic layer 16 is provided under the protective lacquer layer 14, into which the diffraction structures of the hologram are embossed with an embossing stamp.
  • a metal layer 18 is evaporated onto the hologram structure.
  • embossing and steaming can be reversed in their order.
  • a protective lacquer 20 and a hot-melt adhesive layer 22 lying thereon are usually also provided on the side of the layered bond.
  • the metal layer 18 can also be evaporated so thin that it is partially permeable; a raster application of the metal layer or other variants is also conceivable.
  • the embossed hologram 3 consisting of the layers 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 is transferred to the data carrier 1.
  • the embossing hologram is transferred to the data carrier in the hot embossing process with the help of a so-called hot embossing stamp.
  • the transfer tape with the hot-melt adhesive layer 22 is placed on the carrier layer 24.
  • the hot stamp is pressed with a defined pressure for a certain time, the separating layer 12 melting under the stamp and the hot adhesive layer 22 activated.
  • the carrier tape 10 is pulled off.
  • Exactly the parts of the hologram pressed by the hot stamping stamp remain adhering to the data carrier on the carrier layer 24.
  • the remaining parts of the hologram, which were not arranged directly below the hot stamp, remain on the carrier tape and are removed from the data carrier 1 with this.
  • the transfer belt is known per se and is not the subject of the invention.
  • the transfer in the hot lamination process takes place in a similar form, except that the data carrier is completely covered with lamination plates and heat and pressure act on the data carrier over the entire surface.
  • the element to be transferred must therefore, insofar as this is to be restricted to partial areas of the data carrier, already be present on the transfer belt in the dimensions in which it is to be present later on the data carrier.
  • FIG. 4 shows the area of the hologram of the data carrier 1 shown in FIG. 1 in section.
  • the card body 1 which as a rule consists of three or more layers, has been shown in one layer. The proportions of the layers are also not kept for better clarity.
  • the layer structure in FIG. 4 now includes the data carrier 1 on which the hologram consisting of the layers 20, 18, 16 and 14 is fastened by means of the adhesive layer 22.
  • the holographic information 4 is embossed in a known manner as a microrelief.
  • the layers 14 and 20 are designed as resistant lacquer layers, by means of which the hologram is protected against mechanical damage.
  • the layer structure 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 is dimensioned and structured such that it fixes on the card body on the one hand forms a mechanically stable unit, but on the other hand has such a low intrinsic stability that detachment from the card leads to the destruction of the hologram.
  • transfer holograms can be found, for example, in DE-OS 33 08 831.
  • the same layer structure is selected as in FIG. 4, except that the additional information 5 is integrated into the layer structure as structural inhomogeneity.
  • the additional information 5 can be produced in a wide variety of forms.
  • it is generated by additional pressure information 6, which are arranged under the hologram and which, when the OVD is applied, are pressed into the layers 20 and 18 carrying the hologram through the layer structure.
  • the printing layer 6 consists of pigmented printing inks and preferably has a thickness of approximately 5 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the ratio of binder and pigment is chosen so that there is a good "filling" in the dry color layer, i. H. the pigments are present throughout the layer thickness. This is usually always the case with highly opaque pigment colors.
  • the printing inks are structured very differently depending on the components used, it is not possible to name a preferred mixing ratio. However, tests have shown that the desired effect can be achieved with a large number of highly opaque and pigmented printing inks without additional measures.
  • the intensity of the effect is to be determined on a trial basis for each printing ink. A subsequent change in the intensity is possible by varying the layer thickness or by changing the pigment or binder compartment.
  • the hologram 3 shown in section in FIG. 5 and arranged above the printing layer 6 is by means of a hot lamination process under the action of pressure and heat pressed onto the card surface.
  • the softening adhesive layer 22 was activated, whereby on the one hand an intimate connection with the card surface is achieved and on the other hand the screen printing layer is impressed into the layer structure of the transfer hologram.
  • thermoplastic binder of the pigmented printing ink softens in the same way as the adhesive layer and yields to the side of the print, but the pigments "remain stacked on top of one another" and thus form a more or less rough surface structure depending on the grain size .
  • This structure is now embossed in the hologram layer 18 and generates disturbances in the relief structure of the hologram lying in the ⁇ range, which are visually recognizable in the otherwise smooth metal surface.
  • the disturbances generated in this way dampen the holographic recording on the one hand and, on the other hand, produce matt surface structures that contrast well with the surroundings in the high-gloss metal layer and are thus visually recognizable.
  • the disturbance of the holographic effect can be set in a wide range. H. it is both possible to completely eliminate the holographic effect in these areas and to attenuate it only so weakly that the additional information can only be seen when the metal layer is gleaming.
  • the information and data selected for the individualization are printed with pigment-containing printing ink in the areas of the card in which they are to appear in the hologram to be subsequently applied upset. If a holographic surface element is applied to this printed image in a hot lamination or hot stamping transfer process, the printed surface areas in the later hologram can be recognized as matt surfaces in the otherwise high-gloss metallic layer of the hologram.
  • the hologram effects are damped to a greater or lesser extent by these measures, depending on the intensity, but as a rule they are not completely destroyed, so that a superimposition of the two pieces of information that is recognizable from certain viewing angles can be recognized.
  • the printed additional information can also be printed on the adhesive layer 22 of the transfer hologram by means of the pigment-containing printing ink and transferred together with this onto the data carrier 1.
  • pigment-containing large-area printing layer instead of the pigment-containing large-area printing layer, it is possible to use appropriately filled cover films which are either also partially covered with clear lacquer or the like or in which transfer holograms are used in which the adhesive layer is varied in thickness in accordance with the additional information.
  • a printed image (alphanumeric characters, samples, etc.) is applied to a multilayer card with external transparent cover films in the area of the OVD using the screen printing process.
  • the screen printing was carried out with a 70 screen (70 meshes per centimeter) and using the repetitive screen printing ink J 65 (with carbon black pigment). 10% thinner (Repeat JVS) was added to the screen printing ink, which was originally in paste form.
  • a commercially available transfer hologram was laminated onto the hardened printed image, which had a dry layer thickness of approximately 20 ⁇ .
  • the hologram was recognizable with high brilliance in the unprinted areas. In the area of the screen printing characters, these were present as sharply delineated and clearly recognizable matt structures from all viewing angles. The holographic effect is still visible in the area of the additional information, but only with very subdued quality.
  • a card as in Example 1 was used, i. H. a multi-layer structure with external transparent cover foils.
  • characters in the form of a grained surface relief were provided on the card surface. This surface relief was created by local sandblasting of the high-gloss laminating panels.
  • a commercially available transfer hologram was applied over the relief structures using the hot stamping transfer process.
  • the characters were also recognizable as sharply contoured matt structures that clearly stood out from the glossy structure of the hologram at the respective viewing angles.
  • the matt structures were, however, much weaker and were primarily visible only in the gloss angle of the metal layer.
  • the holographic effect was so strong in the areas of the additional information that it almost completely disappeared when the viewing angle was optimal for the hologram.
  • a card as in example 1 was printed over the entire area with screen printing ink in the OVD area (Repeat J 65, screen with 70 meshes per centimeter). After the ink had hardened, a pattern was engraved on the screen printing surface or the screen printing ink was removed again in the form of a pattern.
  • Example 3 a card was prepared with a large-area screen printing field and, after the ink had hardened, was partially covered with clear lacquer (Repeat J 70, layer thickness about 20 ⁇ ). A commercially available transfer hologram was applied using this arrangement in the hot stamping transfer process.
  • the areas covered with clear varnish in the hologram area could be recognized with a high-gloss, undamped holographic effect.
  • the additional information, as described in Example 1 appeared as matt structures with a strongly damped holographic effect.
  • a transfer hologram was laminated onto a card with large-scale screen printing (corresponding to Example 3), in which the thickness of the adhesive layer was varied in a pattern.
  • the thin areas of adhesive layer corresponded to the thickness customary in transfer holograms.
  • the thick adhesive layer areas were reinforced by additional adhesive printing by about 15 micrometers.
  • the additional information (in the areas of the thin adhesive layer) was recognizable as matt structures as in Example 1.
  • the hologram was available in an undamped, shiny form.
  • a commercially available transfer hologram was applied to a card with outer transparent films (according to Example 1) using the hot stamping method. Before the hologram was applied, a screen print pattern with pigmented printing ink (Repeat J 65; 70 screen) was applied to the adhesive layer.
  • the screen print pattern was recognizable as a matt structure in the highly glossy metal layer of the hologram, as in the previous examples.
  • the surface areas not covered with clear lacquer were more or less recognizable as matt structures in the high-gloss metal layer, depending on the viewing angle.
  • a transfer hologram was applied to a card with transparent cover films (corresponding to Example 1) using the hot stamping method.
  • a sandblasted relief was embossed into the transfer hologram before being applied to the card against the back of a highly polished steel plate.
  • the additional structures generated in this way were recognizable as matt pattern structures in the transfer hologram before the transfer to the card.
  • a transfer interference element was hot stamped upset.
  • Such interference elements are known and described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,858,977.
  • the transfer element Before the transfer element was applied, it was embossed from the back (adhesive layer) against a smooth steel surface with a pattern-like roughness structure.
  • the transfer element normally has an orange-gold color effect, which changes to a shimmering green color effect when the viewing angle is changed.
  • the areas with the additional information were now almost consistently recognizable as a matte structure with a slightly iridescent yellow color at all viewing angles.
  • a transfer interference element was applied to a card as described in Example 1 (screen printing on a transparent cover film). After the transfer film had been removed, the same color change effects were discernible in the screen printing areas as in the exemplary embodiment described in Example 9.
  • the invention opens up a very simple and inexpensive way of providing OVDs with additional information.
  • the additional information based on the optically variable effect, can either be of little dominance or only secondary effect, or it can be easily recognizable from all viewing angles.
  • the additional information is always recognizable with the optically variable effect and binds harmoniously in the overall impression of the optically variable effect.
  • optically variable elements in particular holograms
  • the structures required for the additional information according to the invention can be generated in one or more intermediate work steps.
  • the required measures are carried out on the respective semi-finished cards and / or on the finished cards.

Abstract

The data support, partic an identity card or bond, has a surface section (3) giving optically variable effects pref a hologram, dependent on the angle of observation. At this section additional data in the form of letters, strips, patterns etc, is applied subsequently. The data is superimposed on the optically variable effect (4), and is likewise visually recongisable.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen ein- oder mehrschichtigen Datenträger, insbesondere eine Ausweiskarte, Wertpapier oder dergleichen, mit einem auf eine Oberfläche aufgebrachten Flächenelement (OVD), das optisch variable Effekte aufweist, die vom Betrachtungswinkel abhängig sind, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Datenträgers.The invention relates to a single-layer or multi-layer data carrier, in particular an identification card, security or the like, with a surface element (OVD) applied to a surface, which has optically variable effects which are dependent on the viewing angle, and a method for producing such a data carrier.

Zur Absicherung von Datenträgern ist es bekannt, optisch variable Elemente (OVD, Optical Variable Devices) einzusetzen, deren visueller Effekt auf Lichtbeugung, Interferenz oder dergleichen beruht. Verwendet werden in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere Hologramme, Kinegamme, Beugungsgitter und Interferenzschichtelemente zur Absicherung von Kreditkarten, Ausweiskarten, Banknoten, Sicherheitsdokumenten und dergleichen. Derartige Elemente erfüllen die traditionell üblichen Sicherheitsanforderungen für humanprüfbare Echtheitsmerkmale, d. h. hoher Herstellungsaufwand einerseits und eindeutige Überprüfbarkeit ohne zusätzliche Hilfsmittel andererseits. Die OVDs entsprechen darüber hinaus dem neuesten Stand der Technik, wodurch sie dem zugeordneten Produkt einen modernen hochtechnischen Charakter verleihen.To secure data carriers, it is known to use optically variable elements (OVD, Optical Variable Devices) whose visual effect is based on light diffraction, interference or the like. In this context, in particular holograms, kinegams, diffraction gratings and interference layer elements are used to secure credit cards, ID cards, banknotes, security documents and the like. Such elements meet the traditionally customary security requirements for authenticity features that can be tested by humans, ie. H. high production costs on the one hand and clear verifiability without additional aids on the other. The OVDs are also state-of-the-art, which gives the associated product a modern, high-tech character.

Bedingt durch den hohen Herstellungsaufwand sind beispielsweise Prägehologramme vergleichsweise teuer, was ihren Einsatz als Träger individueller Informationen bisher eingeschränkt hat. Die Herstellung von Hologrammen ist bisher nur bei hohen Stückzahlen in wirtschaftlich vertretbarem Rahmen möglich.Due to the high manufacturing costs, embossed holograms, for example, are comparatively expensive, which has limited their use as carriers of individual information. The production of holograms has so far only been possible in large quantities in an economically justifiable framework.

Zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit gegen Fälschungen, aber auch zur weiteren Individualisierung von Kartenserien oder Einzelkarten besteht jedoch ein Bedürfnis, Hologramme gleichen Aussehens durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen voneinander unterscheidbar zu machen oder trotz Verwendung gleicher Hologramme auch eine gewisse Individualisierung im Bereich des Hologramms zu ermöglichen. Durch diese zusätzlichen Maßnahmen wären unterschiedliche Karten auch im Hologrammbereich visuell unterscheidbar, obwohl die Hologramme selbst keinen direkten Unterschied aufweisen.In order to increase security against counterfeiting, but also for further individualization of card series or single cards, there is a need to make holograms of the same appearance distinguishable from one another by additional measures or to enable a certain degree of individualization in the area of the hologram despite the use of the same holograms. These additional measures would make it possible to visually distinguish different cards in the hologram area, even though the holograms themselves have no direct difference.

Im Idealfall sollten diese Maßnahmen auch geeignet sein, die individuellen Daten, die beispielsweise nur dem berechtigten Benutzer einer Ausweiskarte zugeordnet sind, mit einzubeziehen. Das Problem besteht somit darin, in großer Serie erzeugte Standardhologramme spätestens beim Aufbringen der Hologramme auf einen Datenträger so zu individualisieren, daß sie spezifisch nur für diesen einen Datenträger oder doch zuminmdest nur für eine begrenzte Zahl von Datenträgern sind.Ideally, these measures should also be suitable to include the individual data, which, for example, is only assigned to the authorized user of an ID card. The problem is therefore to individualize standard holograms produced in large series at the latest when the holograms are applied to a data carrier in such a way that they are specific only for this one data carrier or at least only for a limited number of data carriers.

In der EP-A-201 323 wird vorgeschlagen, ein Hologramm auf ein Substrat aufzubringen, wobei das Hologramm so ausgestaltet ist, daß zum einen das Hologramm klar beobachtet und zum anderen eine unter dem Hologramm liegende, aufgedruckte, kartenspezifische Information gleichzeitig gelesen werden kann. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß alle Hologrammschichten zumindest teilweise transparent sind und die hologrammverstärkende Schicht einen Brechungsindex aufweist, der im Vergleich zur Hologrammschicht einen Unterschied von mindestens 0,1 hat.EP-A-201 323 proposes to apply a hologram to a substrate, the hologram being designed in such a way that, on the one hand, the hologram can be clearly observed and, on the other hand, card-specific information located below the hologram can be read simultaneously. This is achieved in that all the hologram layers are at least partially transparent and the hologram-enhancing layer has a refractive index which has a difference of at least 0.1 compared to the hologram layer.

Aus dem täglichen Gebrauch sind weiterhin bereits Kreditkarten bekannt, die ein Hologramm tragen und denen Zusatzinformationen durch Hochprägen von Zeichen im Hologrammbereich überlagert sind.Credit cards are still known from daily use, which carry a hologram and which additional information is superimposed by embossing characters in the hologram area.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Datenträger mit einem optisch variablen Element, insbesondere einem Hologramm, vorzuschlagen, bei dem ein beliebiges optisch variable Element durch zusätzliche Maßnahmen individualisiert werden kann. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1, 12 und 22 gelöst. Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der untergeordneten Patentansprüche.The object of the invention is to provide a data carrier with an optically variable element, in particular one Hologram to propose, in which any optically variable element can be individualized by additional measures. This object is solved by the features of claims 1, 12 and 22. Developments of the invention are the subject of the subordinate claims.

Die Erfindung basiert auf der Erkenntnis, daß bei nahezu allen Flächenelementen mit optisch variablen, vom Betrachtungswinkel abhängigen Effekten Zusatzinformationen speicherbar sind, soweit Flächenelemente Verwendung finden, bei denen der optisch variable Effekt großflächig vorliegt und bei denen die optisch variablen Effekte durch strukturelle Änderungen, Störungen oder Inhomogenitäten im Schichtaufbau lokal verändert, gedämpft oder gar zerstört werden können. Bildet man diese Störungen in Form von Mustern, Schrift- oder Bildzeichen aus, so sind sie in dem auf einem Datenträger angeordneten OVD als Muster, Schrift- oder Bildzeichen integriert und zusätzlich zu den bei speziellen Betrachtungswinkeln erkennbaren optisch variablen Effekten ebenfalls erkennbar. Auf diese Weise sind Individualisierungen von OVD's herzustellen, die wegen der Integration im OVD einerseits zusammen mit diesem überprüfbar sind und andererseits aber auch durch dieses vor Veränderungen und Manipulationen geschützt werden.The invention is based on the finding that additional information can be stored in almost all surface elements with optically variable effects that are dependent on the viewing angle, insofar as surface elements are used in which the optically variable effect is present over a large area and in which the optically variable effects are caused by structural changes, disturbances or Inhomogeneities in the layer structure changed locally, damped or even can be destroyed. If these disturbances are formed in the form of patterns, characters or symbols, they are integrated in the OVD arranged on a data carrier as patterns, symbols or symbols and, in addition to the optically variable effects that can be recognized at special viewing angles, are also recognizable. In this way, individualizations of OVDs can be produced, which can be checked together with the OVD because of the integration in the OVD, but are also protected by this from changes and manipulation.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzinformationen werden vorzugsweise in einer von der Herstellung der OVD's abweichenden Technologie durch gezieltes Einbringen von Störungen in den den optisch variablen Effekt erzeugenden Schichten bewirkt, was im einfachsten Fall durch Vorsehen von lokal begrenzten Oberflächenrauhigkeiten in Flächenbereichen mit sonst vergleichsweise geringer Oberflächenrauhigkeit und dem Einprägen dieser Rauhigkeit in das OVD bei der Aufbringung auf den Datenträger zu bewirken ist.The additional information according to the invention is preferably brought about in a technology deviating from the manufacture of the OVDs by targeted introduction of disturbances in the layers producing the optically variable effect, which in the simplest case is provided by providing locally limited surface roughness in surface areas with otherwise comparatively low surface roughness and by impressing it Roughness in the OVD is to be caused when it is attached to the data carrier.

Der Begriff "Oberflächenrauhigkeit" ist im erfindungsgemäßen Sinn auf den Datenträger in dem Zustand zu beziehen, in dem das OVD auf dem Datenträger fixiert wird.The term "surface roughness" in the sense of the invention is to be referred to the data carrier in the state in which the OVD is fixed on the data carrier.

Beim Aufbringen in sogenannten Kaltklebeverfahren hat die Oberfläche damnach bei Zimmertemperatur die notwendige Rauhigkeit aufzuweisen, die notwendig ist, um die optisch variablen Schichten lokal zu "stören". Bei im Heißkaschier- oder Heißprägeverfahren aufzubringenden Elementen muß die Rauhigkeit auch bei dieser Temperatur noch in ausreichendem Maß Bestand haben oder zumindest bei dieser Temperatur rechtzeitig in Erscheinung treten, um die gewünschten Effekte zu erzielen. Der letztgenannte Aspekt ist von besonderem Interesse, wenn Druckfarben Verwendung finden, bei denen Pigmente oder dergleichen zusammen mit thermoplastischen Bindemitteln vorgesehen sind, da diese Druckfarben im getrockneten Zustand eine an sich glatte Oberfläche bilden, durch welche sich die Pigmente allerdings in ausreichend erwärmten Zustand unter Druckeinwirkung (Kaschier- oder Heißprägedruck) an der Oberfläche als "Rauhigkeit" bemerkbar machen können. Dies ist wohl darauf zurückzuführen, daß bei ausreichend hohem Pigmentanteil sich das Bindemittel zur Seite drückt und die härteren Pigmente gewissermaßen "übereinandergestapelt stehen bleiben". Da der erfindungsgemäße Effekt bei zu geringem Pigmentanteil zu dicken Farbschichten oder in Verbindung mit Bindemitteln, die bei den Kaschiertemperaturen nicht ausreichend flüssig werden, nicht auftritt, ist die "Rauhigkeit" unter anderem auch durch diese Parameter einstellbar.When applied in so-called cold adhesive processes, the surface must have the necessary roughness at room temperature, which is necessary in order to "disturb" the optically variable layers locally. In the case of elements to be applied in the hot lamination or hot stamping process, the roughness must still have a sufficient level even at this temperature or at least appear at this temperature in good time in order to achieve the desired effects. The latter aspect is of particular interest when printing inks are used in which pigments or the like together with thermoplastic binders are provided, since these printing inks form a surface which is smooth per se in the dried state, by means of which the pigments, however, in the sufficiently heated state under the action of pressure (laminating or hot stamping pressure) can make themselves known as "roughness" on the surface. This is probably due to the fact that when the pigment content is sufficiently high, the binder pushes aside and the harder pigments "remain in a stack". Since the effect according to the invention does not occur when the pigment content is too low, the layers of paint are too thick or in conjunction with binders which do not become sufficiently liquid at the lamination temperatures, the "roughness" can also be set using these parameters.

Zur Erzeugung der erfindungsgemäßen Effekte eignen sich somit unabhängig von dem Verfahren, mit dem das Flächenelement aufgebracht wird, Oberflächenstrukturen, die in Datenträgern durch Gravur, Sandstrahlen, Prägen, Ätzen oder dergleichen erzeugt werden. Bei Verwendung von Datenträgern, auf die die optisch variablen Elemente im Heißkaschier- oder Heißprägeverfahren aufgebracht werden, reicht aber bereits eine nur im Heißzustand vorliegende Rauhigkeit aus, d. h. dafür sind auch in thermoplastischen Bindemitteln eingebettete Pigmente verwendbar.Independent of the method with which the surface element is applied, surface structures which are produced in data carriers by engraving, sandblasting, embossing, etching or the like are therefore suitable for producing the effects according to the invention. When using data carriers to which the optically variable elements are applied by hot lamination or hot stamping, a roughness which is only present in the hot state is sufficient, i. H. pigments embedded in thermoplastic binders can also be used for this.

Selbstverständlich sind auch Kombinationen der beiden genannten Möglichkeiten denkbar, wie z. B. das partielle Gravieren einer homogenen pigmentierten äußeren Datenträgerschicht oder das lokale Eliminieren von Oberflächenrauhigkeiten durch Abdecken mit pigmentfreien glatten Schichten oder das partielle Glattbügeln von flächig vorgesehenen Rauhigkeitsstrukturen.Of course, combinations of the two options mentioned are also conceivable, such as. B. the partial engraving of a homogeneous pigmented outer data carrier layer or the local elimination of surface roughness by covering with pigment-free smooth layers or the partial smooth ironing of surface roughness structures.

Als Schichtelemente sind in erster Näherung alle Elemente verwendbar, die einerseits bei unterschiedlichen Betrachtungswinkeln abweichende optische Eigenschaften aufweisen und die andererseits so dünn sind, daß die Oberflächenrauhigkeit diese optischen Effekte durch Oberflächendeformationen (vorzugsweise im mikroskopischen Bereich) visuell erkennbar verändert. Diese Anforderungen erfüllen im wesentlichen alle dünnen in Transfertechnik aufzubringenden glänzenden Schichten sowie entsprechend aufzubringende Beugungsgitter, Hologramme, Kinegramme, Interferenzschichtelemente und dergleichen.In a first approximation, all elements can be used as layer elements which, on the one hand, have different optical properties at different viewing angles and, on the other hand, are so thin that the surface roughness visually changes these optical effects through surface deformations (preferably in the microscopic range). These requirements essentially meet all the thin, glossy layers to be applied using transfer technology, as well as corresponding diffraction gratings, holograms, kinegrams, interference layer elements and the like.

Das erfindungsgemäße Grundprinzip wird im folgenden anhand von verschiedenen Flächenelementen erläutert, die als Halbzeug auf sogenannten Transferbändern vorgefertigt und im Transferverfahren auf die eigentlichen Datenträger übertragen werden.The basic principle according to the invention is explained below on the basis of various surface elements which are prefabricated as semi-finished products on so-called transfer belts and are transferred to the actual data carriers in the transfer process.

Die nachfolgenden Ausführungsformen der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise beschrieben. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen bekannten Datenträger mit aufgebrachtem OVD,
Fig. 2
einen Datenträger mit OVD, in dem erfindungsgemäße Zusatzinformationen vorgesehen sind,
Fig. 3
den Querschnitt durch ein Transferband,
Fig. 4
den Querschnitt durch den bekannten Datenträger gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 5
den Querschnitt durch den Datenträger gemäß Fig. 2.
The following embodiments of the invention are described for example with reference to the drawing. In it show:
Fig. 1
a known data carrier with an applied OVD,
Fig. 2
a data carrier with OVD in which additional information according to the invention is provided,
Fig. 3
the cross section through a transfer belt,
Fig. 4
2 shows the cross section through the known data carrier according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 5
3 shows the cross section through the data carrier according to FIG. 2.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen herkömmlichen Datenträger 1, z. B. eine Ausweiskarte, mit einem allgemeinen Druckbild 2 und einem optisch variablen Element 3, das im vorliegenden Fall als Prägehologramm ausgeführt ist und bei dem die holografischen Informationen mit Wellenlinien 4 symbolisiert sind.Fig. 1 shows a conventional data carrier 1, z. B. an identity card, with a general print image 2 and an optically variable element 3, which is designed in the present case as an embossed hologram and in which the holographic information is symbolized with wavy lines 4.

Üblicherweise werden derartige Datenträger 1 aus mehreren Folienschichten aufgebaut, bei denen die inneren Schichten opak ausgebildet und auf Vorder- und Rückseite mit Druckbildern 2 versehen sind. Um Beschädigungen, Manipulationen und Verfälschungen des Druckbildes 2 zu vermeiden, sind die bedruckten inneren Schichten üblicherweise mit transparenten Folienschichten abgedeckt. Auf der äußeren Oberfläche dieser transparenten Deckfolien werden in der Regel die optisch variablen Elemente, im vorliegenden Fall das Hologramm 3, aufgebracht. Dies geschieht entweder durch Kleben (Kaltlaminierverfahren) oder durch Aufkaschieren unter Einwirkung von Wärme und Druck nach den sogenannten Heißpräge- oder Heißkaschierverfahren (Heißlaminierung). Unabhängig vom Aufbringverfahren ist man stets bestrebt, das vorzugsweise sehr dünn ausgeführte Hologramm möglichst stufenlos auf der Kartenoberfläche anzuordnen.Such data carriers 1 are usually constructed from a plurality of film layers in which the inner layers are opaque and are provided with printed images 2 on the front and back. In order to avoid damage, manipulation and falsification of the printed image 2, the printed inner layers are usually covered with transparent film layers. The optically variable elements, in this case the hologram 3, are generally applied to the outer surface of these transparent cover foils. This is done either by gluing (cold lamination process) or by lamination under the influence of heat and pressure according to the so-called hot stamping or hot lamination process (hot lamination). Regardless of the method of application, the aim is always to arrange the preferably very thin hologram as smoothly as possible on the card surface.

Bekanntermaßen weisen die gängigen Transferhologramme eine metallisierte Reflexionsschicht auf, die unter speziellen Betrachtungswinkeln wie ein hochglänzender Spiegel aussieht, unter anderen Betrachtungwinkeln aber die holographische Information deutlich erkennen läßt. Derartige Hologramme sind in das Design der Datenträger integriert, d. h. mit dem Druckbild 2 so abgestimmt, daß sie zusammen eine optische Einheit bilden.As is known, the common transfer holograms have a metallized reflection layer, which looks like a high-gloss mirror under special viewing angles, but clearly shows the holographic information under other viewing angles. Such holograms are integrated in the design of the data carrier, i. H. matched with the printed image 2 so that together they form an optical unit.

Fig. 2 zeigt die bekannte Ausweiskarte 1, bei der im Bereich des Prägehologramms 3 die erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzinformationen 5, im vorliegenden Fall in Form des Buchstabens "A", vorgesehen sind. Die Zusatzinformation 5 ist in der stark glänzenden Metallschicht des Hologramms 3 als matte Struktur integriert. Bei Betrachtung unter unterschiedlichen Reflexionswinkeln ist einerseits, wie üblich, die holographische Information erkennbar, andererseits aber hebt sich auch die Zusatzinformation 5, die nahezu unter allen Betrachtungswinkeln erkennbar ist und die von der holographischen Information quasi überlagert wird, durch das flächig matte Erscheinungsbild von der allgemeinen holographischen Information ab. Speziell unter den Reflexionswinkeln, unter denen die holographischen Effekte nicht erkennbar sind, sondern die Metallschicht nur als Spiegel erscheint, ist die Zusatzinformation 5 besonders klar und deutlich zu erkennen. Unter den Winkeln, unter denen die holographische Information besonders deutlich erscheint, ist die Zusatzinformation 5 weniger stark sichtbar, da sie von der holographischen Information gewissermaßen überstrahlt wird.2 shows the known identification card 1, in which the additional information 5 according to the invention is in the area of the embossed hologram 3, in the present case in the form of the Letter "A" are provided. The additional information 5 is integrated in the highly shiny metal layer of the hologram 3 as a matt structure. When viewing at different reflection angles, the holographic information is recognizable on the one hand, as usual, but on the other hand the additional information 5, which can be recognized from almost all viewing angles and which is virtually overlaid by the holographic information, stands out from the general due to the flat matt appearance holographic information. The additional information 5 can be seen particularly clearly and specifically, especially under the reflection angles at which the holographic effects cannot be recognized, but rather the metal layer only appears as a mirror. At the angles at which the holographic information appears particularly clearly, the additional information 5 is less visible because it is to a certain extent outshone by the holographic information.

Der Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäß verwendbaren Transferhologrammes ist in Fig. 3 ohne Berücksichtigung der tatsächlichen Proportionen schematisch dargestellt. Das Transferband besteht aus einem Trägermaterial 10, beispielsweise einer Polyesterfolie, einer darauf angeordneten Trennschicht 12, die bei der Kaschiertemperatur schmilzt und ein Ablösen der Trägerschicht 10 ermöglicht. An die Trennschicht 12 angrenzend ist eine Schutzlackschicht 14 vorgesehen, die nach Übertragung des Transferhologramms auf einen Datenträger als äußere Schicht zu liegen kommt und dem Hologramm einen gewissen mechanischen Schutz bietet. Unter der Schutzlackschicht 14 ist eine thermoplastische Schicht 16 vorgesehen, in welche mit einem Prägestempel die Beugungsstrukturen des Hologramms eingeprägt sind. Auf die Hologrammstruktur wird eine Metallschicht 18 aufgedampft. Je nach Fertigungsverfahren kann das Prägen und das Bedampfen in ihrer Reihenfolge auch vertauscht werden. Auf der geprägten Seite des Schichtverbands wird schließlich üblicherweise noch ein Schutzlack 20 und eine darauf liegende Heißklebeschicht 22 vorgesehen. Die Metallschicht 18 kann auch so dünn aufgedampft werden, daß sie teildurchlässig ist; ebenso ist ein gerastertes Auftragen der Metallschicht oder andere Varianten denkbar.The structure of a transfer hologram that can be used according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 3 without taking into account the actual proportions. The transfer belt consists of a carrier material 10, for example a polyester film, a separating layer 12 arranged thereon, which melts at the laminating temperature and enables the carrier layer 10 to be detached. A protective lacquer layer 14 is provided adjacent to the separating layer 12, which comes to rest as an outer layer after transfer of the transfer hologram to a data carrier and offers the hologram a certain mechanical protection. A thermoplastic layer 16 is provided under the protective lacquer layer 14, into which the diffraction structures of the hologram are embossed with an embossing stamp. A metal layer 18 is evaporated onto the hologram structure. Depending on the manufacturing process, embossing and steaming can be reversed in their order. On the embossed Finally, a protective lacquer 20 and a hot-melt adhesive layer 22 lying thereon are usually also provided on the side of the layered bond. The metal layer 18 can also be evaporated so thin that it is partially permeable; a raster application of the metal layer or other variants is also conceivable.

Mit Hilfe des Trägerbandes 10 wird das aus den Schichten 14, 16, 18, 20 und 22 bestehende Prägehologramm 3 auf den Datenträger 1 übertragen.With the aid of the carrier tape 10, the embossed hologram 3 consisting of the layers 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 is transferred to the data carrier 1.

Das Übertragen des Prägehologramms auf den Datenträger erfolgt im Heißprägeverfahren mit Hilfe eines sogenannten Heißprägestempels. Das Transferband wird dabei mit der Heißklebeschicht 22 auf die Trägerschicht 24 aufgelegt. Der Heißprägestempel wird mit definiertem Druck für eine bestimmte Zeit angepreßt, wobei die Trennschicht 12 unter dem Prägestempel schmilzt und die Heißklebeschicht 22 aktiviert. Nach Entfernen des Heißprägestempels wird das Trägerband 10 abgezogen. Auf der Trägerschicht 24 bleiben dabei genau die durch den Heißprägestempel angedrückten Teile des Hologramms am Datenträger haften. Die restlichen Teile des Hologramms, die nicht direkt unterhalb des Heißprägestempels angeordnet waren, verbleiben auf dem Trägerband und werden mit diesem vom Datenträger 1 abgezogen. Das Transferband ist an sich bekannt und nicht Gegenstand der Erfindung.The embossing hologram is transferred to the data carrier in the hot embossing process with the help of a so-called hot embossing stamp. The transfer tape with the hot-melt adhesive layer 22 is placed on the carrier layer 24. The hot stamp is pressed with a defined pressure for a certain time, the separating layer 12 melting under the stamp and the hot adhesive layer 22 activated. After removing the hot stamp, the carrier tape 10 is pulled off. Exactly the parts of the hologram pressed by the hot stamping stamp remain adhering to the data carrier on the carrier layer 24. The remaining parts of the hologram, which were not arranged directly below the hot stamp, remain on the carrier tape and are removed from the data carrier 1 with this. The transfer belt is known per se and is not the subject of the invention.

Die Übertragung im Heißkaschierverfahren erfolgt in ähnlicher Form, nur daß dabei der Datenträger mit Kaschierplatten vollflächig abgedeckt wird und Wärme und Druck vollflächig auf den Datenträger einwirken. Das zu transferierende Element hat somit, soweit dieses auf Teilbereiche des Datenträgers beschränkt sein soll, auf dem Transferband bereits in den Abmaßen vorzuliegen, in denen es später auf dem Datenträger vorliegen soll.The transfer in the hot lamination process takes place in a similar form, except that the data carrier is completely covered with lamination plates and heat and pressure act on the data carrier over the entire surface. The element to be transferred must therefore, insofar as this is to be restricted to partial areas of the data carrier, already be present on the transfer belt in the dimensions in which it is to be present later on the data carrier.

Fig. 4 zeigt den Bereich des Hologramms des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Datenträgers 1 im Schnitt. Der Einfachheit halber wurde der in der Regel aus drei oder mehr Schichten bestehende Kartenkörper 1 einschichtig dargestellt. Die Proportionen der Schichten sind der besseren Anschaulichkeit wegen ebenfalls nicht eingehalten. Die Karte 1 weist, als Normkarte ausgeführt, normalerweise eine Dicke von etwa 0,76 mm auf. Die Dicke des Transferhologramms bewegt sich üblicherweise in der Größenordnung weniger Mikrometer.FIG. 4 shows the area of the hologram of the data carrier 1 shown in FIG. 1 in section. For the sake of simplicity, the card body 1, which as a rule consists of three or more layers, has been shown in one layer. The proportions of the layers are also not kept for better clarity. The card 1, designed as a standard card, normally has a thickness of approximately 0.76 mm. The thickness of the transfer hologram is usually on the order of a few micrometers.

Der Schichtaufbau in Fig. 4 umfaßt nun den Datenträger 1, auf dem das aus den Schichten 20, 18, 16 und 14 bestehende Hologramm mittels der Kleberschicht 22 befestigt ist. In der thermoplastischen Schicht 16 und der dünnen Metallschicht 18 ist die holographische Information 4 in bekannter Weise als Mikrorelief eingeprägt. Die Schichten 14 und 20 sind als widerstandsfähige Lackschichten ausgeführt, durch die das Hologramm vor mechanischen Beschädigungen geschützt wird.The layer structure in FIG. 4 now includes the data carrier 1 on which the hologram consisting of the layers 20, 18, 16 and 14 is fastened by means of the adhesive layer 22. In the thermoplastic layer 16 and the thin metal layer 18, the holographic information 4 is embossed in a known manner as a microrelief. The layers 14 and 20 are designed as resistant lacquer layers, by means of which the hologram is protected against mechanical damage.

Der Schichtaufbau 14, 16, 18, 20 und 22 ist so dimensioniert und strukturiert, daß er auf den Kartenkörper fixiert einerseits eine mechanisch stabile Einheit bildet, andererseits aber eine so geringe Eigenstabilität aufweist, daß ein Loslösen von der Karte zur Zerstörung des Hologramms führt. Eine ausführlichere Beschreibung derartiger Transferhologramme ist beispielsweise der DE-OS 33 08 831 zu entnehmen.The layer structure 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 is dimensioned and structured such that it fixes on the card body on the one hand forms a mechanically stable unit, but on the other hand has such a low intrinsic stability that detachment from the card leads to the destruction of the hologram. A more detailed description of such transfer holograms can be found, for example, in DE-OS 33 08 831.

In Fig. 5 ist der gleiche Schichtaufbau gewählt wie in Fig. 4, nur daß hier die Zusatzinformation 5 als strukturelle Inhomogenität in den Schichtaufbau integriert ist.5, the same layer structure is selected as in FIG. 4, except that the additional information 5 is integrated into the layer structure as structural inhomogeneity.

Wie anschließend noch erläutert wird, ist die Zusatzinformation 5 in verschiedensten Formen herstellbar. Im vorliegenden Fall (Fig. 5) wird sie durch zusätzliche Druckinformationen 6 erzeugt, die unter dem Hologramm angeordnet sind und die sich beim Aufbringen des OVD durch den Schichtaufbau in die das Hologramm tragenden Schichten 20 und 18 eindrücken. Die Druckschicht 6 besteht aus pigmentierten Druckfarben und weist vorzugsweise eine Dicke von etwa 5 bis 20 µ auf. Das Verhältnis von Bindemittel und Pigment ist so gewählt, daß in der trockenen Farbschicht eine gute "Füllung" vorliegt, d. h. die Pigmente über die Schichtdicke betrachtet durchgehend vorhanden sind. Dies ist bei stark deckenden Pigmentfarben in der Regel immer der Fall.As will be explained below, the additional information 5 can be produced in a wide variety of forms. In the present case (FIG. 5), it is generated by additional pressure information 6, which are arranged under the hologram and which, when the OVD is applied, are pressed into the layers 20 and 18 carrying the hologram through the layer structure. The printing layer 6 consists of pigmented printing inks and preferably has a thickness of approximately 5 to 20 μm. The ratio of binder and pigment is chosen so that there is a good "filling" in the dry color layer, i. H. the pigments are present throughout the layer thickness. This is usually always the case with highly opaque pigment colors.

Da die Druckfarben je nach verwendeter Komponenten sehr unterschiedlich aufgebaut sind, ist die Nennung eines bevorzugten Mischungsverhältnisses nicht möglich. Versuche haben allerdings gezeigt, daß der gewünschte Effekt mit einer großen Zahl stark deckender und pigmentierter Druckfarben bereits ohne Zusatzmaßnahmen erreichbar ist. Die Intensität des Effektes ist für jede Druckfarbe getrennt versuchsweise festzustellen. Eine anschließende Veränderung der Intensität ist durch Variation der Schichtdicke oder durch Veränderung des Pigement- oder Bindemittelabteils möglich.Since the printing inks are structured very differently depending on the components used, it is not possible to name a preferred mixing ratio. However, tests have shown that the desired effect can be achieved with a large number of highly opaque and pigmented printing inks without additional measures. The intensity of the effect is to be determined on a trial basis for each printing ink. A subsequent change in the intensity is possible by varying the layer thickness or by changing the pigment or binder compartment.

Besonders gute Ergebnisse konnten erzielt werden mit Siebdruckfarben der Firma Wiederhold mit den Firmenbezeichnungen J 65, J 60, J 12 und J 20. Als Pigmente haben sich Ruß, Chromgelb und Titandioxid besonders bewährt, was allerdings keine Einschränkung der Erfindung auf diese Pigmente bedeuten soll.Particularly good results were achieved with screen printing inks from Wiederhold with the company names J 65, J 60, J 12 and J 20. Carbon black, chrome yellow and titanium dioxide have proven particularly useful as pigments, but this should not mean that the invention is restricted to these pigments.

Das in Fig. 5 im Schnitt dargestellte und über der Druckschicht 6 angeordnete Hologramm 3 ist mittels eines Heißkaschierverfahrens unter Einwirkung von Druck und Wärme auf die Kartenoberfläche aufgepreßt. Während des Aufpressens wurde die erweichende Kleberschicht 22 aktiviert, wodurch einerseits eine innige Verbindung mit der Kartenoberfläche erreicht wird und sich andererseits die Siebdruckschicht in den Schichtaufbau des Transferhologramms einprägt.The hologram 3 shown in section in FIG. 5 and arranged above the printing layer 6 is by means of a hot lamination process under the action of pressure and heat pressed onto the card surface. During the pressing on, the softening adhesive layer 22 was activated, whereby on the one hand an intimate connection with the card surface is achieved and on the other hand the screen printing layer is impressed into the layer structure of the transfer hologram.

Der erfindungsgemäße Effekt wird vermutlich dadurch erzeugt, daß das thermoplastische Bindemittel der pigmentierten Druckfarbe in gleicher Weise wie die Kleberschicht erweicht und dem Druck nachgebend zur Seite wegfließt, die Pigmente aber "übereinandergestapelt stehen bleiben" und somit je nach Korngröße eine mehr oder weniger rauhige Oberflächenstruktur bilden. Diese Struktur prägt sich nun in der Hologrammschicht 18 ab und erzeugt in der im µ-Bereich liegenden Reliefstruktur des Hologramms Störungen, die in der an sonst glatten Metallfläche visuell erkennbar sind. Die auf diese Weise erzeugten Störungen dämpfen einerseits die holographische Aufzeichnung und erzeugen andererseits in der hochglänzenden Metallschicht zur Umgebung gut kontrastierende und somit visuell gut erkennbare matte Flächenstrukturen.The effect according to the invention is presumably produced in that the thermoplastic binder of the pigmented printing ink softens in the same way as the adhesive layer and yields to the side of the print, but the pigments "remain stacked on top of one another" and thus form a more or less rough surface structure depending on the grain size . This structure is now embossed in the hologram layer 18 and generates disturbances in the relief structure of the hologram lying in the μ range, which are visually recognizable in the otherwise smooth metal surface. The disturbances generated in this way dampen the holographic recording on the one hand and, on the other hand, produce matt surface structures that contrast well with the surroundings in the high-gloss metal layer and are thus visually recognizable.

Je nach Intensität der Pigmentstruktur ist die Störung des holographischen Effektes in weiten Bereichen einstellbar, d. h. es ist sowohl möglich, den holographischen Effekt in diesen Bereichen völlig zu eliminieren als auch nur so schwach zu dämpfen, daß die Zusatzinformation nur bei genauer Betrachtung im Glanzwinkel der Metallschicht erkennbar ist.Depending on the intensity of the pigment structure, the disturbance of the holographic effect can be set in a wide range. H. it is both possible to completely eliminate the holographic effect in these areas and to attenuate it only so weakly that the additional information can only be seen when the metal layer is gleaming.

Zur Erzeugung der erfindungsgemäßen Effekte sind, wie bereits erwähnt, verschiedene Maßnahmen denkbar. Im einfachsten Fall werden die für die Individualisierung ausgewählten Informationen und Daten in den Bereichen der Karte, in denen sie im nachträglich aufzubringenden Hologramm erscheinen sollen, mit pigmenthaltiger Druckfarbe aufgebracht. Bringt man über dieses Druckbild ein holographisches Flächenelement im Heißkaschier- oder im Heißprägetransferverfahren auf, so sind die bedruckten Flächenbereiche im späteren Hologramm als matte Flächen in der sonst hochglänzenden metallischen Schicht des Hologramms erkennbar. Die Hologrammeffekte werden durch diese Maßnahmen je nach Intensität mehr oder weniger stark gedämpft, in der Regel aber nicht völlig zerstört, so daß eine unter bestimmten Betrachtungswinkeln erkennbare Überlagerung der beiden Informationen erkennbar ist.As already mentioned, various measures are conceivable for producing the effects according to the invention. In the simplest case, the information and data selected for the individualization are printed with pigment-containing printing ink in the areas of the card in which they are to appear in the hologram to be subsequently applied upset. If a holographic surface element is applied to this printed image in a hot lamination or hot stamping transfer process, the printed surface areas in the later hologram can be recognized as matt surfaces in the otherwise high-gloss metallic layer of the hologram. The hologram effects are damped to a greater or lesser extent by these measures, depending on the intensity, but as a rule they are not completely destroyed, so that a superimposition of the two pieces of information that is recognizable from certain viewing angles can be recognized.

Gemäß weiterer Ausführungsformen der Erfindung können die aufgedruckten Zusatzinformationen auch mittels der pigmenthaltigen Druckfarbe auf der Kleberschicht 22 des Transferhologrammes aufgedruckt und mit diesem zusammen auf den Datenträger 1 übertragen werden.According to further embodiments of the invention, the printed additional information can also be printed on the adhesive layer 22 of the transfer hologram by means of the pigment-containing printing ink and transferred together with this onto the data carrier 1.

Des weiteren besteht die Möglichkeit, auf dem Datenträger eine pigmenthaltige Druckschicht großflächig aufzudrucken und anschließend die Bereiche, die im späteren Hologramm unverändert glänzend erscheinen sollen, entweder durch Gravieren wieder zu entfernen oder aber mit Klarlack oder dergleichen abzudecken.Furthermore, there is the possibility of printing a pigment-containing printing layer over a large area on the data carrier and then either removing the areas that are to remain shiny in the later hologram either by engraving or covering them with clear lacquer or the like.

Ebenfalls im Sinne der Erfindung ist es möglich, anstelle der pigmenthaltigen großflächigen Druckschicht entsprechend gefüllte Deckfolien zu verwenden, die entweder ebenfalls partiell mit Klarlack oder dergleichen abgedeckt werden oder bei denen Transferhologramme verwendet werden, bei denen die Kleberschicht den Zusatzinformationen entsprechend in der Dicke variiert werden.Likewise within the meaning of the invention, instead of the pigment-containing large-area printing layer, it is possible to use appropriately filled cover films which are either also partially covered with clear lacquer or the like or in which transfer holograms are used in which the adhesive layer is varied in thickness in accordance with the additional information.

Aus der Vielzahl der möglichen Variationen werden im folgenden zur weiteren Veranschaulichung der Erfindung einige konkrete Beispiele beschrieben.From the multitude of possible variations, some concrete examples are described below to further illustrate the invention.

Beispiel 1:Example 1:

Auf einer mehrschichtigen Karte mit außenliegenden Klarsichtdeckfolien wird im Bereich des OVD ein Druckbild (alphanumerische Zeichen, Muster etc.) im Siebdruckverfahren aufgebracht. Der Siebdruck wurde mit einem 70er Sieb (70 Maschen pro Zentimeter) sowie unter Verwendung der Wiederhold-Siebdruckfarbe J 65 (mit Ruß-Pigment) durchgeführt. Der ursprünglich pastenförmig vorliegenden Siebdruckfarbe wurden 10 % Verdünner (Wiederhold JVS) zugegeben.A printed image (alphanumeric characters, samples, etc.) is applied to a multilayer card with external transparent cover films in the area of the OVD using the screen printing process. The screen printing was carried out with a 70 screen (70 meshes per centimeter) and using the repetitive screen printing ink J 65 (with carbon black pigment). 10% thinner (Repeat JVS) was added to the screen printing ink, which was originally in paste form.

Auf das ausgehärtete Druckbild, das eine Trockenschichtstärke von etwa 20 µ aufwies, wurde ein handelsübliches Transferhologramm aufkaschiert.A commercially available transfer hologram was laminated onto the hardened printed image, which had a dry layer thickness of approximately 20 μ.

Nach Ablösen der Transferfolie war das Hologramm in den unbedruckten Bereichen mit hoher Brillanz erkennbar. Im Bereich der Siebdruckzeichen waren diese als scharf begrenzte und unter allen Betrachtungswinkeln gut erkennbare matte Strukturen vorhanden. Der holographische Effekt ist im Bereich der Zusatzinformationen zwar noch sichtbar, aber nur mit stark gedämpfter Qualität.After removing the transfer film, the hologram was recognizable with high brilliance in the unprinted areas. In the area of the screen printing characters, these were present as sharply delineated and clearly recognizable matt structures from all viewing angles. The holographic effect is still visible in the area of the additional information, but only with very subdued quality.

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

Es wurde eine Karte wie in Beispiel 1 verwendet, d. h. ein mehrschichtiger Aufbau mit außenliegenden Klarsichtdeckfolien. Im Bereich des OVD wurden auf die Kartenoberfläche Schriftzeichen in Form eines gekörnten Oberflächenreliefs vorgesehen. Dieses Oberflächenrelief wurde durch lokales Sandstrahlen der an sich hochglänzenden Kaschierplatten erzeugt.A card as in Example 1 was used, i. H. a multi-layer structure with external transparent cover foils. In the area of the OVD, characters in the form of a grained surface relief were provided on the card surface. This surface relief was created by local sandblasting of the high-gloss laminating panels.

Über die Reliefstrukturen wurde ein handelsübliches Transferhologramm im Heißprägetransferverfahren aufgebracht.A commercially available transfer hologram was applied over the relief structures using the hot stamping transfer process.

Nach Abziehen des Transferbandes waren die Schriftzeichen ebenfalls als scharf konturierte matte Strukturen erkennbar, die sich in den jeweiligen Betrachtungswinkeln von der glänzenden Struktur des Hologramms deutlich abhoben. Die matten Strukturen waren in dieser Ausführungsform allerdings wesentlich schwächer ausgebildet und in erster Linie nur im Glanzwinkel der Metallschicht sichtbar. Der holographische Effekt war in diesem Fall auch in den Bereichen der Zusatzinformation so stark vorhanden, daß diese bei für das Hologramm optimalen Betrachtungswinkel nahezu vollständig verschwand.After the transfer ribbon had been removed, the characters were also recognizable as sharply contoured matt structures that clearly stood out from the glossy structure of the hologram at the respective viewing angles. In this embodiment, the matt structures were, however, much weaker and were primarily visible only in the gloss angle of the metal layer. In this case, the holographic effect was so strong in the areas of the additional information that it almost completely disappeared when the viewing angle was optimal for the hologram.

Beispiel 3:Example 3:

Eine Karte wie in Beipiel 1 wurde im OVD-Bereich ganzflächig mit Siebdruckfarbe bedruckt (Wiederhold J 65, Sieb mit 70 Maschen pro Zentimeter). Nach dem Aushärten der Farbe wurde ein Muster in die Siebdruckfläche eingraviert bzw. die Siebdruckfarbe in Musterform wieder entfernt.A card as in example 1 was printed over the entire area with screen printing ink in the OVD area (Repeat J 65, screen with 70 meshes per centimeter). After the ink had hardened, a pattern was engraved on the screen printing surface or the screen printing ink was removed again in the form of a pattern.

Nach dem Überkaschieren mit einem Transferhologramm waren die gravierten Bereiche als glänzende Strukturen mit deutlich erkennbarem holographischen Effekt in einer matten Umgebung mit gedämpftem holographischen Effekt erkennbar. Die Dämpfung des holographischen Effektes entsprach in etwa der von Beispiel 1.After covering with a transfer hologram, the engraved areas were visible as shiny structures with a clearly recognizable holographic effect in a matt environment with a damped holographic effect. The damping of the holographic effect corresponded approximately to that of Example 1.

Beispiel 4:Example 4:

Eine Karte wurde wie in Beispiel 3 mit einem großflächigen Siebdruckfeld vorbereitet und nach Aushärten der Farbe partiell mit Klarlack (Wiederhold J 70, Schichtdicke etwa 20 µ) abgedeckt. Über diese Anordnung wurde ein handelsübliches Transferhologramm im Heißprägetransferverfahren aufgebracht.As in Example 3, a card was prepared with a large-area screen printing field and, after the ink had hardened, was partially covered with clear lacquer (Repeat J 70, layer thickness about 20 μ). A commercially available transfer hologram was applied using this arrangement in the hot stamping transfer process.

Nach Entfernen der Transferfolie waren im Hologrammbereich die mit Klarlack abgedeckten Bereiche hochglänzend mit ungedämpftem holographischen Effekt erkennbar. In den unbedeckten Bereichen zeigten sich die Zusatzinformationen, wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, als matte Strukturen mit stark gedämpftem holographischen Effekt.After removing the transfer film, the areas covered with clear varnish in the hologram area could be recognized with a high-gloss, undamped holographic effect. In the uncovered areas, the additional information, as described in Example 1, appeared as matt structures with a strongly damped holographic effect.

Beispiel 5:Example 5:

Auf eine Karte mit großflächigem Siebdruck (entsprechend Beispiel 3) wurde ein Transferhologramm aufkaschiert, bei dem die Kleberschicht musterförmig in der Dicke variiert war. Die dünnen Kleberschichtbereiche entsprachen der bei Transferhologrammen üblichen Dicke. Die Dickenkleberschichtbereiche waren durch zusätzlichen Kleberaufdruck um etwa 15 Mikrometer verstärkt.A transfer hologram was laminated onto a card with large-scale screen printing (corresponding to Example 3), in which the thickness of the adhesive layer was varied in a pattern. The thin areas of adhesive layer corresponded to the thickness customary in transfer holograms. The thick adhesive layer areas were reinforced by additional adhesive printing by about 15 micrometers.

Nach Aufbringen des Hologramms im Heißkaschierverfahren waren die Zusatzinformationen (in den Bereichen der dünnen Kleberschicht) als matte Strukturen wie in Beispiel 1 erkennbar. In den Bereichen der dicken Kleberschicht lag das Hologramm in ungedämpfter glänzender Form vor.After applying the hologram in the hot lamination process, the additional information (in the areas of the thin adhesive layer) was recognizable as matt structures as in Example 1. In the areas of the thick adhesive layer, the hologram was available in an undamped, shiny form.

Beispiel 6:Example 6:

Auf eine Karte mit äußeren Klarsichtfolien (gemäß Beispiel 1) wurde ein handelsübliches Transferhologramm im Heißprägeverfahren aufgebracht. Vor der Aufbringung des Hologramms wurde auf der Kleberschicht ein Siebdruckmuster mit pigmentierter Druckfarbe (Wiederhold J 65; 70er Sieb) aufgebracht.A commercially available transfer hologram was applied to a card with outer transparent films (according to Example 1) using the hot stamping method. Before the hologram was applied, a screen print pattern with pigmented printing ink (Repeat J 65; 70 screen) was applied to the adhesive layer.

Nach Entfernen der Transferfolie war das Siebdruckmuster genau wie in den vorhergehenden Beispielen in der stark glänzenden Metallschicht des Hologramms als matte Struktur erkennbar.After removing the transfer film, the screen print pattern was recognizable as a matt structure in the highly glossy metal layer of the hologram, as in the previous examples.

Beispiel 7:Example 7:

Auf einer Karte, bei der die äußere Schicht als opake, weiße PVC-Folie mit Füllstoff-Titandioxid ausgeführt war, wurde im Bereich des OVD ein mit Klarlack ausgeführtes Negativdruckbild vorgesehen (Klarlack J 70 der Firma Wiederhold, Schichtdicke etwa 10 µ). Über die Klarlackschicht wurde eine hochglänzende dünne Metallschicht im Heißprägetransferverfahren aufgebracht.On a card in which the outer layer was designed as an opaque, white PVC film with filler titanium dioxide, a negative print image with clear varnish was provided in the area of the OVD (clear varnish J 70 from Wiederhold, layer thickness about 10 μ). A high-gloss thin metal layer was applied over the clear coat using the hot stamping transfer process.

Nach Ablösen der Transferfolie waren in der hochglänzenden Metallschicht die nicht mit Klarlack abgedeckten Flächenbereiche je nach Betrachtungswinkel mehr oder weniger stark als matte Strukturen erkennbar.After the transfer film had been removed, the surface areas not covered with clear lacquer were more or less recognizable as matt structures in the high-gloss metal layer, depending on the viewing angle.

Beispiel 8:Example 8:

Auf eine Karte mit durchsichtigen Deckfolien (entsprechend Beispiel 1) wurde ein Transferhologramm im Heißprägeverfahren aufgebracht. In das Transferhologramm wurde vor der Aufbringung auf die Karte von der Rückseite gegen eine hochpolierte Stahlplatte in Musterform ein Sandstrahlrelief eingeprägt. Die auf diese Weise erzeugten Zusatzstrukturen waren bereits vor der Übertragung auf die Karte im Transferhologramm als matte Musterstrukturen erkennbar.A transfer hologram was applied to a card with transparent cover films (corresponding to Example 1) using the hot stamping method. A sandblasted relief was embossed into the transfer hologram before being applied to the card against the back of a highly polished steel plate. The additional structures generated in this way were recognizable as matt pattern structures in the transfer hologram before the transfer to the card.

Nach dem Aufbringen des Transferhologramms auf die Kartenoberfläche mittels Heißprägeverfahren lagen die matten Strukturen in nahezu unveränderter Form vor und waren wie in den vorhergehenden Beispielen unter verschiedenen Betrachtungswinkeln deutlich erkennbar.After the transfer hologram had been applied to the card surface using the hot stamping method, the matt structures were virtually unchanged and, as in the previous examples, were clearly recognizable from different viewing angles.

Beispiel 9:Example 9:

Auf eine Karte, wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, wurde ein Transferinterferenzelement im Heißprägetransferverfahren aufgebracht. Derartige Interferenzelemente sind bekannt und beispielsweise in der US-PS 38 58 977 beschrieben.On a card, as described in Example 1, a transfer interference element was hot stamped upset. Such interference elements are known and described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,858,977.

Vor der Aufbringung des Transferelementes wurde dieses von der Rückseite her (Kleberschicht) gegen eine glatte Stahlfläche eine musterförmige Rauhigkeitstruktur eingeprägt. Das Transferelement weist im Normalfall einen orange-gold wirkenden Farbeffekt auf, der unter verändertem Betrachtungwinkel sich zu einem schilldernden grünen Farbeffekt verändert. Die Bereiche mit den Zusatzinformationen waren nun bei allen Betrachtungswinkeln nahezu gleichbleibend als matte Struktur erkennbar, die eine leicht schillernde gelbe Farbe aufwies.Before the transfer element was applied, it was embossed from the back (adhesive layer) against a smooth steel surface with a pattern-like roughness structure. The transfer element normally has an orange-gold color effect, which changes to a shimmering green color effect when the viewing angle is changed. The areas with the additional information were now almost consistently recognizable as a matte structure with a slightly iridescent yellow color at all viewing angles.

Nach dem Aufbringen des derart vorbereiteten Interferenzelementes waren die durch die eingeprägte Struktur erzeugten Zusatzinformationen in nahezu gleicher Form vorhanden.After the interference element prepared in this way had been applied, the additional information generated by the embossed structure was present in almost the same form.

Beispiel 10:Example 10:

Auf eine Karte, wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, (Siebdruck auf transparenter Deckfolie) wurde ein Transferinterferenzelement aufgebracht. Nach Abziehen der Transferfolie waren in den Siebdruckbereichen gleiche Farbveränderungseffekte erkennbar, wie bei dem in Beispiel 9 beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel.A transfer interference element was applied to a card as described in Example 1 (screen printing on a transparent cover film). After the transfer film had been removed, the same color change effects were discernible in the screen printing areas as in the exemplary embodiment described in Example 9.

Mit der Erfindung wird eine sehr einfache und billige Möglichkeit eröffnet, OVD's mit zusätzlichen Informationen auszustatten. Die Zusatzinformationen können, bezogen auf den optisch variablen Effekt, in der Intensität gezielt gesteuert entweder wenig dominant bzw. nur sekundär wirksam oder aber unter allen Betrachtungswinkeln gut erkennbar eingebracht sein. Die Zusatzinformationen sind stets mit dem optisch variablen Effekt erkennbar und binden sich in den Gesamteindruck des optisch variablen Effektes harmonisch ein.The invention opens up a very simple and inexpensive way of providing OVDs with additional information. The additional information, based on the optically variable effect, can either be of little dominance or only secondary effect, or it can be easily recognizable from all viewing angles. The additional information is always recognizable with the optically variable effect and binds harmoniously in the overall impression of the optically variable effect.

Die Erzeugung der erfindungsgemäßen Effekte läßt sich in die bekannten Technologien der Kartenherstellung ohne weiteres integrieren. Üblicherweise werden optisch variable Elemente, insbesondere Hologramme, in einen der letzten Fertigungsschritte an der kaschierten und bereits ausgestanzten Karte aufgebracht. Die für die erfindungsgemäßen Zusatzinformationen benötigten Strukturen können in einem oder mehreren zwischengeschalteten Arbeitsgängen erzeugt werden. In Abhängigkeit von den verwendeten Materialien und den gewünschten Effekten werden die benötigten Maßnahmen an den jeweiligen Kartenhalbzeugen und/oder an den fertigen Karten vorgenommen.The generation of the effects according to the invention can easily be integrated into the known technologies of card production. Typically, optically variable elements, in particular holograms, are applied to the laminated and already punched card in one of the last production steps. The structures required for the additional information according to the invention can be generated in one or more intermediate work steps. Depending on the materials used and the desired effects, the required measures are carried out on the respective semi-finished cards and / or on the finished cards.

Claims (22)

  1. A one- or multilayer data carrier, in particular identity card, paper of value or the like, having a plane element (3) applied to a surface and having optically variable effects which are dependent on the viewing angle, characterized in that areas of the surface have greater surface roughness than their surroundings, the contours of these areas representing information or a pattern and these contours being impressed into the optically effective layer of the plane element applied above this area.
  2. The data carrier of claim 1, characterized in that the surface roughness is caused by changes in the surface structure or by additives.
  3. The data carrier of claim 2, characterized in that the surface roughness is produced by printing.
  4. The data carrier of claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the additives contain particles having a hardness and temperature stability such that they are impressed into the plane element (3) in their form.
  5. The data carrier of any of claims 2 or 4, characterized in that the additives are applied by the screen printing technique and are present in a dry layer thickness of about 5 to 20 microns.
  6. The data carrier of any of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the additives are inks containing pigments and binders.
  7. The data carrier of claim 6, characterized in that the pigments are carbon black, chrome yellow and/or titanium dioxide.
  8. The data carrier of one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the plane element (3) is present in the form of a thin multilayer film that is laminated or glued onto the data carrier (1).
  9. The data carrier of one or more of claims 1 or 8, characterized in that the plane element (3) is a high-gloss metal layer, an interference layer structure or a diffraction structure, preferably a hologram.
  10. The data carrier of claim 9, characterized in that the plane element (3) is an embossed hologram.
  11. The data carrier of any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the plane element (3) has a glossy thin metal layer (18).
  12. A method for producing a one- or multilayer data carrier, in particular an identity card, paper of value or the like, having a plane element (3) applied to a surface and having optically variable effects which are dependent on the viewing angle, whereby a data carrier is first prepared whose surface roughness is changed in locally limited areas, the plane element is then applied to the data carrier in such a way that it covers at least parts of the surface area whose surface roughness was changed, and the plane element is pressed onto the areas with changed surface roughness with a pressure such that the roughness structure is impressed into the optically effective layer of the plane element.
  13. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the surface roughness is changed by printing a pigment-containing ink.
  14. The method of claim 13, characterized in that the surface roughness is changed by printing the pigment-containing ink all over at least in the areas in which the plane element is applied, and then selectively removing certain areas of the printed layer by mechanical or thermal engraving.
  15. The method of any of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the surface roughness is changed by printing a pigment-containing ink all over or applying a cover film filled with pigments at least in the areas in which the plane element is applied, and then locally covering the layer equipped with pigments with non-pigmented layer areas.
  16. The method of any of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the surface roughness is changed by printing by the screen printing technique.
  17. The method of any of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the printed additives are applied in a thickness of 5 to 20 microns.
  18. The method of one or more of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the intensity of the change of surface roughness is adjusted by the pigment concentration in the binder.
  19. The method of claim 15, characterized in that the intensity of the change of surface roughness is adjusted by the thickness of the locally limited non-pigmented layer.
  20. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the surface roughness is changed by impressing additional information into the data carrier.
  21. The method of claim 20, characterized in that the intensity of the change of surface roughness is adjusted by the depth of embossing of the data surface.
  22. A method for producing a one- or multilayer data carrier, in particular an identity card, paper of value or the like, having a plane element (3) applied to a surface and having optically variable effects which are dependent on the viewing angle, whereby a data carrier with a smooth surface and such a plane element are first prepared, the surface roughness of the side of the plane element facing the data carrier is then changed in locally limited areas, the plane element is applied to the data carrier all over, and the plane element is pressed onto the data carrier with a pressure such that the roughness structure is impressed into the optically effective layer of the plane element.
EP91114013A 1990-09-26 1991-08-21 Multilayered data carrier and its method of manufacture Expired - Lifetime EP0477535B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4030493 1990-09-26
DE4030493A DE4030493A1 (en) 1990-09-26 1990-09-26 MULTI-LAYERED DATA CARRIER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0477535A2 EP0477535A2 (en) 1992-04-01
EP0477535A3 EP0477535A3 (en) 1992-04-29
EP0477535B1 true EP0477535B1 (en) 1996-01-10

Family

ID=6415045

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91114013A Expired - Lifetime EP0477535B1 (en) 1990-09-26 1991-08-21 Multilayered data carrier and its method of manufacture

Country Status (9)

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EP (1) EP0477535B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3354580B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE132811T1 (en)
AU (1) AU656149B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2052232A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4030493A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2082064T3 (en)
MX (1) MX173731B (en)
ZA (1) ZA916843B (en)

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DE4200746A1 (en) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-15 Inform Vertriebsgesellschaft F Machine readable identification information in hologram bar=code - having fixed and variable code section formed by combination of two diffraction angle materials and blanked out section
WO1993024332A1 (en) * 1992-05-25 1993-12-09 Reserve Bank Of Australia Trading As Note Printing Australia Applying diffraction gratings to security documents
US5449200A (en) * 1993-06-08 1995-09-12 Domtar, Inc. Security paper with color mark
DE4432062C1 (en) * 1994-09-09 1995-11-30 Kurz Leonhard Fa Visually identifiable optical security element for credit cards etc.
DE4446368A1 (en) * 1994-12-23 1996-06-27 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Data carrier with an optically variable element
US5991057A (en) * 1996-09-17 1999-11-23 Sony Corporation Image transformation of a picture by using a superimmposed hologram
DE19928060A1 (en) 1999-06-15 2000-12-21 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh Optically variable security feature and process for its manufacture
DE19940790B4 (en) * 1999-08-27 2004-12-09 Leonhard Kurz Gmbh & Co Transfer film for applying a decorative layer arrangement to a substrate and method for its production
US6589628B1 (en) * 2000-06-27 2003-07-08 Omnova Solutions Inc. Article having optical effects
DE10047460A1 (en) * 2000-09-21 2002-04-11 Orga Kartensysteme Gmbh Method for producing a personalized product that is secure against fraud provides an optically effective structure in a security element with different optical color effects and a personalized layer to show personal information.
AT412200B (en) * 2001-10-05 2004-11-25 Securikett Ulrich & Horn Gmbh PIXEL
CZ20041001A3 (en) 2002-04-03 2005-03-16 De La Rue International Limited Optically variable protective element and process for producing thereof
DE10343890A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2005-05-04 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Security element and method for producing the same
DE102004017094A1 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-11-03 Leonhard Kurz Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for producing secure licence plate for vehicle with a macroscopic pattern pressed into the areas not covered by the number symbols
JP5776247B2 (en) * 2011-03-22 2015-09-09 凸版印刷株式会社 Indicator

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GB1143086A (en) * 1965-08-13 1969-02-19 Ibm Information correlating
US4033059A (en) * 1972-07-06 1977-07-05 American Bank Note Company Documents of value including intaglio printed transitory images
DE2546007B2 (en) * 1975-10-14 1977-12-29 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München FALSE-PROOF IDENTITY CARD AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING IT
US4094575A (en) * 1976-04-30 1978-06-13 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Holographic article and process for making same
FR2418955A1 (en) * 1978-03-02 1979-09-28 Instruments Sa ACCESS CARD CODING AND RECOGNITION PROCESS
EP0201323B1 (en) * 1985-05-07 1994-08-17 Dai Nippon Insatsu Kabushiki Kaisha Article incorporating a transparent hologramm
DE3866230D1 (en) * 1988-03-03 1991-12-19 Landis & Gyr Betriebs Ag DOCUMENT.
DE3932505C2 (en) * 1989-09-28 2001-03-15 Gao Ges Automation Org Data carrier with an optically variable element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2052232A1 (en) 1992-03-27
ZA916843B (en) 1992-06-24
ATE132811T1 (en) 1996-01-15
DE4030493A1 (en) 1992-04-02
JP3354580B2 (en) 2002-12-09
EP0477535A2 (en) 1992-04-01
AU656149B2 (en) 1995-01-27
DE59107238D1 (en) 1996-02-22
JPH04273392A (en) 1992-09-29
EP0477535A3 (en) 1992-04-29
ES2082064T3 (en) 1996-03-16
AU8476291A (en) 1992-04-02
MX173731B (en) 1994-03-22

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