JPH0426708A - Impact treatment for material with explosive - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make initial condition high temp. and to execute treatment under safe condition by executing impact treatment for a material to be treated under condition of heating with exothermic agent. CONSTITUTION:The material 1 to be treated of powder material is incorporated into a sample vessel 2. The sample vessel 2 is housed into a sample holding material 5 having recessed part at center part. To the sample vessel 2, the exothermic agent 3 is put to all the circumference, side face, upper face or lower face. The exothermic agent 3 is exothermic-reacted with ignition source 4 to heat the powder sample 1. After the lapse of desired time, plane wave generating device 9 is explosed with an electric detonator 10 to execute the impact treatment. The exothermic agent is solidified from fused sticking condition after developing exothermic reaction, and impact compression wave developed with an explosive is propagated without attenuating. This method has wide application to formation, synthesization, compression, pressing, etc., of ceramic material, diamond, polymeric material, metallic material, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for impact treatment of substances by utilizing the energy of explosives.

[Conventional technology]

Methods of processing materials using the high temperature and ultra-high pressure energy of explosives include explosive crimping, which joins two or more dissimilar metal materials, manufacturing diamond by phase transformation of carbon, and low-pressure boron nitride. There are various methods for producing boron nitride at higher pressures, methods for obtaining fine powder by pulverizing particles of several millimeters to several hundred microns, and methods for obtaining molded bodies by compressing fine powder.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in all of these manufacturing methods, the general method is to apply the energy of explosives to the substance at room temperature. The high-temperature, ultra-high-pressure energy generated by explosives causes the elements of substances to bond, move, and dissociate, but in order to facilitate the movement of atoms in this case, it is desirable to set the initial conditions to high temperatures. is well known.

Currently, a method using an electric furnace is generally used as a method of heating the material to be treated, but this method is not preferable because it has the following problems.

This is to ensure that the equipment is not damaged by the impact of an explosion.
Efficient heating at shock treatment sites is extremely complex due to the complicated electrical system that must be used to prevent dangers when handling explosives, and the need to take safety measures into consideration when placing high-temperature materials. It requires equipment, and its operation is complicated and unsafe.

The present inventor has completed the present invention as a result of various studies to solve the above problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention is a method for impact treating a substance using the energy of an explosive, which is characterized in that the material to be treated is subjected to the impact treatment while being heated with an exothermic agent.

The exothermic agent used in the present invention means any reactive agent that generates heat through a chemical reaction.

Specifically, heat generated by a hydration reaction between calcium oxide and water or the like may be used, or heat generated by a reaction between a strongly oxidizing substance and oxygen in the air may be used. However, the most preferred are metal oxides, semimetals, and metal powders because they have a large calorific value per unit weight, can be handled in powder form, and can be molded into any shape by pressing. It is an exothermic agent consisting of a mixture. This exothermic agent generates greater heat of oxidation when metalloids and metal powders deprive oxygen and oxidize than metal oxides.

Metal oxides include potassium permanganate, lead oxide,
Strontium peroxide, barium peroxide, bromate, copper oxide, perchlorate, iron oxide, etc. are used, and semimetals and metal powders have a higher oxidation heat than the metal forming the oxide. Large iron, silicon iron, silicon, aluminum, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, boron, copper, etc. are used. The mixing combination and mixing ratio at this time are selected depending on the heating temperature of the substance to be treated, but the temperature may be controlled using a heat insulating material. For example, a combination of copper oxide, iron powder, and silicon iron produces an exothermic temperature of about 1300°C.

In order to cause this reaction with the exothermic agent, it is preferable to use a mixture as the ignition agent that causes the reaction more easily than the exothermic agent. For example, an ignition agent consisting of a combination of silicon iron powder and trilead tetroxide powder is preferable. .

Although a lighter or a match can be used as the ignition source for the ignition agent, electrical ignition is most preferable in consideration of handling safety.

Explosive impact treatment methods using exothermic agents in the present invention include the above-mentioned explosive crimping method, explosive phase transformation method, explosive crushing method, explosive squeezing method, and explosive synthesis method. It can be applied to all cases where it is preferable to process it in a state.

In this case, in order to heat the material to be treated, the exothermic agent is placed around the entire circumference or part of the material to be treated, either directly or through a heating medium, but in this placement method, the heat of reaction from the exothermic agent is removed. It is preferable to use heat transfer most efficiently.

Furthermore, when arranging the exothermic agent and the explosive, it is most preferable to provide a space using a support, etc., as it is undesirable for the reaction heat of the exothermic agent to transfer to the explosive. Also good.

The substances to be treated, exothermic agents and explosives arranged in such a manner are
First, the material to be treated is heated by the reaction heat of the exothermic agent and after reaching a desired temperature, impact treatment is performed by adding energy from the explosion of the explosive.

Hereinafter, a case will be explained with reference to the drawings, taking as an example a case where a heat-generating agent made of a metal oxide, a metalloid, and a metal powder is used when powder is made into a molded body by the explosive compression method.

In Figure 1, the material to be processed (powder sample) to be made into a molded body
1, the material of the sample container 2 housed in the sample container 2 is preferably a metal material such as steel, and the inside is kept in a vacuum to remove harmful air components during molding. is preferable. The sample container 2 is housed in a sample holding material 5 having a recessed portion in the center. The material of the sample holding material is
Metal materials such as steel and stainless steel are preferred in order to withstand the energy of the explosion.

The exothermic agent is placed on the entire circumference, side, top, or bottom of the sample container 2 housed in the recess of the sample holder 5, but if it does not cause harmful reactivity with the powder sample 1, the sample container 2 It may also be combined with powder sample 1 within the container. The ignition source 4 for the exothermic agent is a filament that generates heat when energized, attached to the tip of a copper wire, etc., and further coated with an igniter.In this case, in order to increase the adhesion force, nitrified cotton or the like is used as a binder. They may be combined. If operation by electrical ignition is difficult, remote control may be performed by applying the above-mentioned igniter to a fibrous material such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc. and using it as a fuse, and igniting it with a lighter, matchstick, etc.

The flying plate 7 is for transmitting energy from the explosion of the explosive 8 to the powder sample 1, and is attached to the support 6 with a gap.
is held by.

When there is no gap between the flying plate 7 and the powder sample 1, it is preferable to use a heat insulating material with excellent heat insulation properties, since the heat of the exothermic agent will not be transferred to the explosive 8 through the flying plate 7.

In order to detonate the explosive 8 uniformly in a planar shape, it is preferable to use a plane wave generator 9, and this plane wave generator is constructed by a combination of a high detonation velocity explosive and a low detonation velocity explosive. The metal plate 11 has the effect of preventing impact compression waves propagating from the top surface from becoming reflected waves (tensile waves) at the bottom surface.

In the impact processing device assembled as described above, if the amount of heat generated by the exothermic agent cannot be used effectively due to heat radiation to the surroundings, the area around the exothermic agent or the sample holding material 5
A heat insulating material etc. may be placed in the area.

It is preferable to install the impact treatment device on sand to prevent deformation and damage to the container, but if you want to forcefully cool down the remaining heat after impact treatment, it may be constructed so that it is submerged in water, or it can be constructed so that it is submerged in water. It may be stored in a waterproof container and subjected to impact treatment underwater.

Such an impact processing device first heats a powder sample 1 by causing an exothermic reaction with an exothermic agent 3 using an ignition source 4, and after a desired time has elapsed, detonates a plane wave generator 9 using an electric detonator 10 to perform impact processing. . It should be noted that the exothermic agent solidifies in a fused state after the exothermic reaction, so that the shock compression wave generated by the explosive is propagated without attenuation.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be explained below using examples.

Example A stainless steel cylindrical sample container with an inner diameter of 10 mm, a depth of 15 holes, and a thickness of 1 mm was loaded with aluminum powder of 100 mesh or less at a packing density of 1.65 g/cm, and the upper part was 1 mm thick and an outer diameter of 10 mm. It was covered with a stainless steel disc.

The cylindrical sample container was placed in the center of the recess of a steel sample holder with an outer diameter of 100 mm, a thickness of 40 mm, and a recess with an inner diameter of 20 mm and a depth of 17 holes in the center. 10 g of an exothermic agent containing copper oxide, 200 mesh baths of iron, and 100 mesh baths of silicon iron mixed in a mixing ratio of 4:4:2 was loaded.

The ignition source of the exothermic agent is a mixture of silicon iron with an average particle size of 30 microns and trilead tetroxide with an average particle size of 3 microns in a weight ratio of 3 nia, which is attached to the filament using nitrified cotton as a binder. It was electrically ignited.

A steel disk with a thickness of 5 m and an outer diameter of 100 mm was used as a flying plate to transmit the energy from the explosion of the explosive, and the gap between the lower surface of the disk and the upper surface of the holding material was 10 mm. It was installed by On top of that, it has an explosive speed of 6500 m.
Equipped with 500g of sheet-like explosives with a detonation speed of 2,500m/sec or more, and an explosive with a detonation velocity of 65m/sec or more.
A plane wave generator made from a combination of explosives of 0.00■8 ec or more and an electric detonator were installed, and an impact processing device was assembled.

In such an impact processing device, first, an exothermic reaction of the exothermic agent was caused by electricity. Approximately five minutes later, the explosives were detonated using an electric detonator.

As a result, the aluminum molded body obtained was 2.48 g/
ail density, and as a result of observing the particle interface with a scanning electron microscope, it was observed that the particles were bonded in a deformed state.

Comparative Example In Example 1, the recess in the center of the sample holding material was made with an inner diameter of 1
2 mm and a depth of 17 holes, and a sample container was installed in the recess,
After assembling the impact processing device in the same manner as in the example except that no exothermic agent was used, the explosive was detonated using an electric detonator. The density of the obtained aluminum molded body is 2.21 g/c+f
As a result of observation using a scanning electron microscope, many pores and cracks were observed at the particle interface.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The present invention not only facilitates the movement of atoms during explosive impact treatment by increasing the temperature of the initial conditions, but also allows the material to be treated to be easily heated to high temperatures at the impact treatment site, and in a safe manner. It is what made things possible. Furthermore, it has a wide range of applicability, such as molding, synthesis, squeezing, and crimping of ceramic materials, diamonds, polymer materials, metal materials, etc., which have not been sufficiently obtained in conventional impact treatment processing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1(A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an impact processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1(B) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' in FIG. 1(A). FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the impact processing device used in the present invention. 1 is a substance to be processed (powder sample), 2 is a sample container, 3 is an exothermic agent, 4 is an ignition source for the exothermic agent, 5 is a sample holding material, 6 is a support for the gap, 7 is a flying plate, 8 9 is an explosive, 9 is a plane wave generator, 10 is an electric detonator, and 11 is a metal plate. Patent applicant: Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for impact treatment of a substance using an explosive, the method comprising performing impact treatment on a substance to be treated while being heated with an exothermic agent.