JPH0426304A - Electric automobile - Google Patents
Electric automobileInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0426304A JPH0426304A JP2127262A JP12726290A JPH0426304A JP H0426304 A JPH0426304 A JP H0426304A JP 2127262 A JP2127262 A JP 2127262A JP 12726290 A JP12726290 A JP 12726290A JP H0426304 A JPH0426304 A JP H0426304A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- double layer
- layer capacitor
- pts
- electrolyte
- active carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940032159 propylene carbonate Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIVUCLWGARAQIO-OLIXTKCUSA-N (3s)-n-[(3s,5s,6r)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-5-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)piperidin-3-yl]-2-oxospiro[1h-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-3,6'-5,7-dihydrocyclopenta[b]pyridine]-3'-carboxamide Chemical compound C1([C@H]2[C@H](N(C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=3C=C4C[C@]5(CC4=NC=3)C3=CC=CN=C3NC5=O)C2)CC(F)(F)F)C)=C(F)C=CC(F)=C1F QIVUCLWGARAQIO-OLIXTKCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- IZJSTXINDUKPRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum lead Chemical compound [Al].[Pb] IZJSTXINDUKPRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229920006184 cellulose methylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003232 water-soluble binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は電気二重層キャパシタまた（よ 電気−重層キ
ャパシタと蓄電池とで駆動する電気自動車に関すム
従来の技術
電気自動車は 鉛電池のような二次電池を電源とし こ
れを充電放電してモータを駆動したものが従来の方式で
ある。駆動方式の具体例を示すと、第５図のように鉛蓄
電池５０． ＤＣ−ＡＣコンバータ５１、インバータ
５２とモータ５３とから基本的に構成される動力源で駆
動輪５４を駆動するものである。蓄電池５０は一定のサ
イクルで外部直流電源から充電するか車載の太陽電池を
電源とし充電する。他にＤＣ−ＡＣコンバータおよびイ
ンバータを介さないで直接鉛蓄電池５０でモータを直流
駆動する方式もある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor or an electric vehicle driven by an electric double layer capacitor and a storage battery. The conventional method uses a battery as a power source and charges and discharges it to drive the motor.A specific example of the drive method is shown in Figure 5, which includes a lead acid battery 50, a DC-AC converter 51, an inverter 52, The drive wheels 54 are driven by a power source basically consisting of a motor 53.The storage battery 50 is charged in a fixed cycle from an external DC power source or by using an on-vehicle solar battery as a power source. - There is also a method in which the motor is directly driven with direct current by the lead acid battery 50 without using an AC converter or an inverter.
従来の電気自動車の代表例（よ 総重量５００Ｋｇ０車
重に対して２０ＫＷｈの鉛蓄電池２００Ｋｇを積載し１
０時間充電で１１００Ｋ総走行距離であった 最高速度
は１１００Ｋ／ｈであった
発明が解決しようとする課題
従来のように鉛蓄電池のような二次電池を駆動源とする
電気自動車には以下のような短所がある。Typical example of a conventional electric vehicle (1) A vehicle with a total weight of 500 kg and a 20 KWh lead-acid battery loaded with 200 kg.
The total mileage was 1,100K after 0 hours of charging.The maximum speed was 1,100K/h.Problems to be solved by the inventionConventionally, electric vehicles powered by secondary batteries such as lead-acid batteries have the following problems. There are some disadvantages.
（１）パワー密度が小さｌ、Ｘ。(1) Low power density l,X.
電池は放電が電極と電解液との電気化学反応過程を含む
ために瞬時に流すことのできる電流値か制限される。こ
のため積載が必要な電池の容量（よモータ始動時やモー
タに逆の負荷がかかるような大電流放電時の電流値によ
り決まり、この値は定常走行時の電流値より非常に大き
なものになってしまう。すなわ板 重量当りに流すこと
の可能な最大電流値が小さいために電池の総重量を大き
くせざるを得な−
（２）充放電サイクル寿命が短り
電池は充電放電サイクルが電極と電解液との電気化学反
応過程（酸化還元反応）を含むために初期の電池特性を
維持できるサイクル寿命には限度があも 通常の鉛蓄電
池では５００サイクルである。Since discharge of a battery involves an electrochemical reaction process between an electrode and an electrolyte, the current value that can be instantaneously passed is limited. For this reason, the capacity of the battery that must be loaded is determined by the current value at the time of starting the motor or discharging a large current when a reverse load is applied to the motor, and this value is much larger than the current value during steady running. In other words, the total weight of the battery has to be increased because the maximum current that can be passed per unit weight of the plate is small. (2) The charge/discharge cycle life is short, and the battery has a short charge/discharge cycle. Because it involves an electrochemical reaction process (oxidation-reduction reaction) between the battery and the electrolyte, there is a limit to the cycle life in which the initial battery characteristics can be maintained; a typical lead-acid battery has a lifespan of 500 cycles.
（３）使用温度範囲が狭し■
上記のように電気化学反応プロセスは雰囲気温度により
反応の進行速度か大きく影響される。特に０℃以下の低
温では酸化還元反応の速度、電解液中でのイオンの移動
度などが極端に小さくなるために電池の起電力か小さく
なったり、内部抵抗値が大きくなって大電流充放電が困
難になる。(3) Narrow operating temperature range■ As mentioned above, the rate of progress of the reaction in the electrochemical reaction process is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature. In particular, at low temperatures below 0°C, the rate of redox reactions and the mobility of ions in the electrolyte become extremely low, resulting in a decrease in the electromotive force of the battery and an increase in internal resistance, resulting in large current charging and discharging. becomes difficult.
（４）構成材料に鉛と硫酸を使用している。(4) Lead and sulfuric acid are used as constituent materials.
鉛蓄電池（表 電極に鉛と酸化鉛を、電解液に硫酸水溶
液を用いているために使用後廃棄時に公害廃棄物処理の
必要がある。Lead-acid batteries (front) Because they use lead and lead oxide for the electrodes and sulfuric acid aqueous solution for the electrolyte, they must be disposed of as polluting waste when disposed of after use.
（５）メンテナンスを要する。(5) Requires maintenance.
電解液として使用している硫酸水溶液の濃度管理などメ
ンテナンスが必要である。Maintenance is required, such as controlling the concentration of the sulfuric acid aqueous solution used as the electrolyte.
（６）充電に長時間を要する。(6) Charging takes a long time.
充電電流の大きさが制限されるために充電に長い時間を
要すも
電源として二次電池を用いる限りこれらの点は改善する
べき課題として残る。Since the magnitude of the charging current is limited, charging takes a long time, but as long as a secondary battery is used as a power source, these points remain issues that need to be improved.
本発明は上記（１）から（６）の課題を解決するために
電気自動車の電源系を抜本的に改良するものである。The present invention fundamentally improves the power supply system of an electric vehicle in order to solve the problems (1) to (6) above.
課題を解決するための手段
本発明は 電気二重層キャパシタで駆動するモータを動
力源とする電気自動車である。さらに１よ電気二重層キ
ャパシタと蓄電池とで駆動するモタを動力源とする電気
自動車である。Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is an electric vehicle whose power source is a motor driven by an electric double layer capacitor. Furthermore, it is an electric vehicle whose power source is a motor driven by an electric double layer capacitor and a storage battery.
作用
本発明によれば 充放電時の制限がほとんどなく大電流
を流すことが可能で、低温での充放電特性に優れ パワ
ー密度が大きく、メンテナンスフリーで、充放電サイク
ル寿命が半永久の電気二重層キャパシタを電源に用いて
いるために軽♀、小ｔ 無公害で走行性能に優れた電気
自動車を得ることかできる。Function: According to the present invention, there is almost no restriction during charging and discharging, it is possible to flow a large current, it has excellent charging and discharging characteristics at low temperatures, it has a large power density, is maintenance-free, and has an electric double layer with a semi-permanent charging and discharging cycle life. Since a capacitor is used as a power source, it is possible to obtain an electric vehicle that is light in weight, small in weight, non-polluting, and has excellent running performance.
実施例 次に本発明の具体的な実施例について述べる。Example Next, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
（実施例用）
第１図のように 電気二重層キャパシタＬ ＤＣＡＣ
コンバータ入 インバータ３． ＡＣモータ東 を動
力源とする電気自動Ｌ５は駆動能 ただし 電気重層キ
ャパシタｉ１１ 以下のものを用いた； 活性炭粉末
（比表面積二 ２０００ｍ２／み 平均粒径： ２μｍ
）１Ｏｉｔ部とアセチレンブラック２重量部とを水とメ
タノールの混合溶液に均一に分散する。カルボキシメチ
ルセルロース（ＣＭＣ、カルボキシル基のプロトンの一
部をＮａイオンで置換した物）２重量部を水に溶解する
。両方の液を更に混合撹拌して活性炭スラリーとする。(For Example) As shown in Figure 1 Electric double layer capacitor L DCAC
Converter included Inverter 3. The electric automatic L5 powered by an AC motor has a drive capacity of an electric multilayer capacitor i11.
) Uniformly disperse 1 Oit part and 2 parts by weight of acetylene black in a mixed solution of water and methanol. Two parts by weight of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, a product in which some of the protons of carboxyl groups are replaced with Na ions) is dissolved in water. Both liquids are further mixed and stirred to form an activated carbon slurry.
第２図に示すように 厚さ２０μｍの化学エツチング法
によって粗面化したアルミニウム箔（２００ｍｌ［１ｌ
Ｊｌｉ ５ｍ長さ）１０の両面に活性炭スラリーを浸
漬法で付着する。空気中で３０分乾燥後１００℃で６０
分遠赤外線乾燥し活性炭型ｔｆｉｌｌ、１２を製膜する
。得られた箔状電極体の一対１友１４を、セパレータ１
５を介して捲回する。電解液としてプロピレンカーボネ
ート液にテトラエチルアンモニウムテトラフルオロボレ
ートを１ｍｏｌ／ｌ溶解囮 アルミニウムケース１ａ、
アルミニウムリード電極１７．１＆ ゴムパツキン１９
てハウジング完成する。このようにして作製した電気二
重層キャパシタ単セルを２０個直列接続した物をさらに
２０組並列接続する（合計４００個）。駆動電圧は５０
Ｖから４５Ｖの範囲である。As shown in Figure 2, aluminum foil (200 ml [1 liter
Activated carbon slurry is applied to both sides of Jli (length: 5m) by dipping method. 60 at 100℃ after drying in air for 30 minutes
Activated carbon type Tfill 12 is formed by drying with far infrared rays. The obtained foil-like electrode body 14 is placed on a separator 1.
Wind it through 5. As an electrolytic solution, 1 mol/l of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate is dissolved in a propylene carbonate solution as a decoy Aluminum case 1a,
Aluminum lead electrode 17.1 & rubber gasket 19
The housing is completed. 20 electric double layer capacitor single cells produced in this manner were connected in series and further 20 sets were connected in parallel (400 cells in total). The driving voltage is 50
The range is from V to 45V.
（実施例−２）
第３図のように 電気二重層キャパノタ２０、ＤＣＡＣ
コンバータ２１、昇圧トランス２２とＤＣモータ２３と
を動力源とする電気自動札 ただし電気二重層キャパシ
タ（よ 活性炭繊維布（目付け２００ｇ／ｍ２、平織比
表面積２０００ｍ２／ｇ）を分極性電極とし この片面
にニッケルをプラズマ溶射し九 これをセパレータを介
して対向して積層しＫＯＨ水溶液を電解液に用い九 外
装は変性ポリエチレンでラミネート封口した平板状であ
る。これを１６００個並列直接続し九
（実施例−３）
実施例−１と同じ構成の電気二重層キャパシタ単セルを
２０個直列接続し これを２０組並列接続して直接ＤＣ
モータを駆動する構成とした（実施例−４）
実施例−１と同じ構成の電気二重層キャパシタ３Ｑ。(Example-2) As shown in Figure 3, electric double layer capacitor 20, DCAC
An electric double-layer capacitor (electric double layer capacitor) powered by a converter 21, a step-up transformer 22, and a DC motor 23 is used as a polarizable electrode. Plasma sprayed nickel and stacked them facing each other with a separator in between. KOH aqueous solution was used as the electrolyte. The exterior was a flat plate sealed with a modified polyethylene laminate. 1600 pieces were connected in parallel and in series. -3) Connect 20 electric double layer capacitor single cells in series with the same configuration as Example 1, connect 20 sets in parallel, and directly DC
Configuration for driving a motor (Example-4) Electric double layer capacitor 3Q having the same configuration as Example-1.
鉛蓄電池３１、ＤＣ−ＡＣコンバータ３＆ インバータ
３３゜ＡＣモータ３屯駆動輪３５とから第４図に示す構
成とし九
以上の実施例の電気自動車のそれぞれの特徴を表に示す
。同表に比較例の特徴もあわせて示す。The characteristics of each of the electric vehicles of nine or more embodiments are shown in the table below, having the configuration shown in FIG. The characteristics of the comparative example are also shown in the same table.
但し 比較例ζよ 鉛蓄電池を動力源とするもので但し
パワー密度および充電時間（よ 比較例を１とした時の
比率で示してあム
特に実施例−１の構成の電気二重層キャパシタは内部抵
抗が低く本発明の実施には有効である。However, the comparative example ζ is powered by a lead-acid battery, but the power density and charging time are expressed as a ratio when the comparative example is set to 1. In particular, the electric double layer capacitor with the configuration of Example 1 has an internal It has low resistance and is effective for implementing the present invention.
な耘 電気二重層キャパシタとしては 活性炭を分極性
電極とし 有機電解液または水溶液を電解液としたもＱ
また電気二重層キャパシタカ＼導電性基体と導電性基
体上の活性炭、水溶性のバインダ、とからなる恩 また
はこれに導電性付与剤を添加した層とをセパレータを介
して対向して配置したものと、有機系電解液とから構成
されるもへ あるいは電気二重層キャパシタカ丈 水に
メチルセルロースまたはカルボキシメチルセルロースを
溶解した液と、活性炭、導電性付与剤とを混合分散した
溶液を塗布 浸漬、印刷のいずれかによってアルミニウ
ム基体上に担持し 乾燥し セパレータを介して基体を
対向して配置した構成ものがよ（も
発明の効果
以上のように本発明によれば パワー密度か大きく、使
用温度範囲が広く、メンテナンスフリーで、充電時間が
短く、半永久的に使用可能で、無公害構成の電気二重層
キャパシタを駆動電源とする走行性能に優れた小型軽量
の電気自動車を得ることができる。Nao: As an electric double layer capacitor, activated carbon is used as a polarizable electrode, and an organic electrolyte or an aqueous solution is used as an electrolyte.Q
Also, an electric double layer capacitor is a type in which a conductive substrate and a layer consisting of activated carbon and a water-soluble binder on the conductive substrate or a layer to which a conductivity imparting agent is added are placed facing each other with a separator interposed therebetween. and an organic electrolyte, or an electric double layer capacitor.A solution of methyl cellulose or carboxymethyl cellulose dissolved in water, activated carbon, and a conductivity imparting agent is mixed and dispersed.Dipping and printing. A configuration in which the substrates are supported on an aluminum substrate, dried, and placed facing each other with a separator in between is preferable. It is possible to obtain a small and lightweight electric vehicle that is maintenance-free, has a short charging time, can be used semi-permanently, and has excellent driving performance using an electric double layer capacitor with a non-polluting structure as a driving power source.
第１＠ 第３図および第４図は本発明の一実施例の電気
自動車の駆動部の原理構成医 第２図は同実施例におけ
る電気二重層キャパシタの構成医第５図は従来の電気自
動車の駆動部の原理構成図である。
１−一電気二重層キャバシ久 ２−−−ＤＣ−ＡＣコン
パ−久
一インバー久
ＡＣモー久
一駆動輸Figure 1 @ Figures 3 and 4 show the basic configuration of the drive unit of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 shows the configuration of the electric double layer capacitor in the same embodiment. Figure 5 shows the structure of a conventional electric vehicle. FIG. 1-1 Electric double layer cabbage 2--DC-AC comparator-Kuichi Invar-Kyu AC mo-Kuichi drive import
Claims (3)
とする電気自動車。(1) An electric vehicle whose power source is a motor driven by an electric double layer capacitor.
タを動力源とする電気自動車。(2) An electric vehicle whose power source is a motor driven by an electric double layer capacitor and a storage battery.
駆動する請求項１または２記載の電気自動車。(3) The electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the motor is driven via an AD converter and an inverter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2127262A JPH0426304A (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-05-16 | Electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2127262A JPH0426304A (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-05-16 | Electric automobile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0426304A true JPH0426304A (en) | 1992-01-29 |
Family
ID=14955686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2127262A Pending JPH0426304A (en) | 1990-05-16 | 1990-05-16 | Electric automobile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0426304A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002532869A (en) * | 1998-12-05 | 2002-10-02 | エナジィ・ストーリッジ・システムズ・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド | Charge storage device |
| EP1724796A3 (en) * | 1998-12-05 | 2014-04-09 | CAP-XX Limited | A charge storage device |
-
1990
- 1990-05-16 JP JP2127262A patent/JPH0426304A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002532869A (en) * | 1998-12-05 | 2002-10-02 | エナジィ・ストーリッジ・システムズ・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド | Charge storage device |
| JP2011129952A (en) * | 1998-12-05 | 2011-06-30 | Cap-Xx Ltd | Charge storage device |
| EP1724796A3 (en) * | 1998-12-05 | 2014-04-09 | CAP-XX Limited | A charge storage device |
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