CN111540616B - Light enhancement effect transparent super capacitor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light enhancement effect transparent super capacitor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111540616B CN111540616B CN202010386354.XA CN202010386354A CN111540616B CN 111540616 B CN111540616 B CN 111540616B CN 202010386354 A CN202010386354 A CN 202010386354A CN 111540616 B CN111540616 B CN 111540616B
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L Copper hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2] JJLJMEJHUUYSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005750 Copper hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001956 copper hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013154 zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;2-methylimidazol-3-ide Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC1=NC=C[N-]1.CC1=NC=C[N-]1 MFLKDEMTKSVIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ni+2] BFDHFSHZJLFAMC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/46—Metal oxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect, which comprises the steps of taking foam copper as a substrate of an electrode material, reacting the substrate to obtain copper-doped nickel oxide taking a copper oxide array as the substrate, and obtaining the electrode material of the transparent super capacitor with the light enhancement effect; the foam nickel is used as a counter electrode material matrix, the activated carbon is used as an active material for uniform coating, and the coated active carbon is used as a counter electrode of a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect; a sodium ion battery diaphragm is used as a super capacitor diaphragm, a potassium hydroxide solution is used as a super capacitor electrode solution, an electrode material, an insulating diaphragm and a counter electrode are stacked and then are filled into a transparent packaging material, and a proper amount of electrolyte is injected for packaging, so that the light enhancement effect transparent super capacitor is obtained. The invention adopts the super capacitor electrode material with photoresponse to prepare the super capacitor with the transparent device, so that the specific capacitance of the super capacitor is improved and the cycle stability of the super capacitor is enhanced under the irradiation of sunlight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a super capacitor structure design, in particular to a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of science and technology, energy storage devices with long cycle life and high power energy density, which can meet the daily use of people, are paid important attention and researched, rapidly enter the daily life of people, and are widely applied to large and medium-sized electric equipment such as electric bicycles, electric automobile tools and the like.
The super capacitor has the dual functions of a battery and a capacitor, can be charged and discharged by large current instantly, is green and environment-friendly, has excellent performance and the like, and obtains wide attention. However, the electrode material is expensive and the capacity is low compared to the secondary battery, so that the use of the electrode material in many fields is limited, and the application of the electrode material is significantly influenced. Therefore, the preparation of super capacitors with high specific capacitance will greatly promote the development of future electronic technology products and vehicles.
In order to improve the energy storage performance of the super capacitor, most of research is mainly focused on the electrode material of the super capacitor, and the specific capacitance of the super capacitor is enhanced by improving the specific surface area and the electronic conductivity of the electrode material. Although the specific capacitance of the super capacitor can be improved by compounding the high-conductivity material with the active material, the manufacturing cost is too high, and the preparation process is complex, so that the use of the super capacitor material is not facilitated.
The sunlight is inexhaustible, green and pollution-free, so that the method is extremely important for the utilization of the sunlight, and the electrode material of the super capacitor with photoresponse needs to be prepared, and under the irradiation of the sunlight, the current density in the charge and discharge process is improved, the charge and discharge time is increased, and the specific capacitance of the capacitor is increased. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a technology that can effectively utilize the irradiation of sunlight to improve the charge and discharge current density of the supercapacitor and improve the cycle stability, thereby achieving the improvement of the overall electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a transparent super capacitor with a photo-enhancement effect, which can effectively increase the current density of the transparent super capacitor under charging and discharging conditions under illumination conditions, thereby improving the specific capacitance of the super capacitor and the cycle stability of the super capacitor.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention provides a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect, which is prepared by the following preparation method, and comprises the following steps:
taking foamy copper as a substrate of an electrode material, and reacting the substrate to obtain copper-doped nickel oxide with a copper oxide array as the substrate to obtain the electrode material of the transparent super capacitor with the light enhancement effect;
the foam nickel is used as a counter electrode material matrix, the activated carbon is used as an active material for uniform coating, and the coated active carbon is used as a counter electrode of a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect;
a sodium ion battery diaphragm is used as a super capacitor diaphragm, a potassium hydroxide solution is used as a super capacitor electrode solution, an electrode material, an insulating diaphragm and a counter electrode are stacked and then are filled into a transparent packaging material, and a proper amount of electrolyte is injected for packaging, so that the light enhancement effect transparent super capacitor is obtained.
The preparation method of the electrode material comprises the steps of taking foamy copper as a substrate, firstly synthesizing a copper hydroxide nanowire array on the substrate, and then coating ZIF-8 by taking the copper hydroxide nanowire array as a template; and then growing a copper ion-doped nickel hydroxide nanosheet on the ZIF-8-coated nanowire array by using nickel nitrate as a nickel source through a hydrothermal method, and finally calcining to obtain the copper-doped nickel oxide taking the copper oxide array as a substrate. The nano composite electrode material with the multilevel structure has the advantages of high cycle stability and high rate performance, can effectively increase the contact area of electrolyte, exposes more electrochemical active sites, and is favorable for improving the energy storage capacity. The phases with copper elements on the surface, such as copper oxide, cuprous oxide and the like, can effectively absorb sunlight. When an external circuit applies positive bias voltage, the photoproduction electrons and the holes are effectively separated, the enriched holes are equivalent to positive charges, and the conversion of the trivalent nickel and divalent nickel redox electron pairs can be promoted in the charging and discharging process, so that the light enhancement effect is realized.
Further, the active material coated on the foamed nickel is prepared by mixing active carbon and polyvinylidene fluoride according to the mass ratio of 9:1, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone and uniformly stirring.
Preferably, the electrode liquid of the super capacitor is 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution.
The transparent packaging material is made of transparent polyethylene. The purpose of the transparent encapsulating material is to facilitate the electrochemical performance (specific capacity and cycling stability) of the capacitor through which sunlight can pass and be absorbed by the photosensitive material.
The preset width of the super capacitor diaphragm is larger than or equal to the preset width of the electrode material and the counter electrode.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the transparent supercapacitor with the transparent device is prepared by adopting the supercapacitor electrode material with photoresponse, so that the specific capacitance is improved and the cycle stability is enhanced under the irradiation of sunlight, and the transparent supercapacitor with the photoresponse is suitable for outdoor large-scale energy storage and charging devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a transparent super capacitor with light enhancement effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a structure of a transparent super capacitor with light enhancement effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the photoresponse current of the light enhancement effect transparent supercapacitor of the present invention under periodic illumination;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the cycling stability of the light enhancement effect transparent supercapacitor of the present invention under periodic lighting conditions.
In the figure: 1. a positive electrode tab; 2. a negative electrode tab; 3. packaging the strip; 4. a transparent plastic housing; 5. an electrolyte; 6. an electric core; 7. a positive electrode plate; 8. a diaphragm; 9. a negative pole piece;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, a method for preparing a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the electrode material comprises the steps of taking the foamy copper as a substrate, firstly synthesizing a copper hydroxide nanowire array on the substrate, and then coating ZIF-8 by taking the copper hydroxide nanowire array as a template; and then growing a copper ion-doped nickel hydroxide nanosheet on the ZIF-8-coated nanowire array by using nickel nitrate as a nickel source through a hydrothermal method, and finally calcining to obtain the copper-doped nickel oxide taking the copper oxide array as a substrate.
The foamed nickel is used as a counter electrode material matrix, and is uniformly coated with an active material to be used as a counter electrode of a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect; the active material coated on the foamed nickel is prepared by mixing active carbon and polyvinylidene fluoride according to the mass ratio of 9:1, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone and uniformly stirring.
A sodium ion battery diaphragm is used as a super capacitor diaphragm, 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution is used as super capacitor electrode liquid, an electrode material, an insulating diaphragm and a counter electrode are stacked and then are filled into a transparent polyethylene material, and a proper amount of electrolyte is injected and then packaged, so that the light enhancement effect transparent super capacitor is obtained.
The preset width of the super capacitor diaphragm is larger than or equal to the preset width of the electrode material and the counter electrode.
In order to facilitate the above-described technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the novel technical solutions of the present invention will be given in terms of specific usage modes.
The light-enhanced square-shell supercapacitor comprises a shell 4, the shell is made of transparent polyethylene, and the side edges of the other three side surfaces of the shell except the packaging side are packaged and compacted, so that the situation that the electrolyte 5 leaks in the subsequent process to influence the normal use of the supercapacitor and a power battery is prevented.
The upper end of the shell 4 is uniformly sealed into a packaging strip 3 by a plastic packaging machine, so that external gas can be prevented from entering the super capacitor in actual work; the left side and the right side of the packaging strip 3 are respectively connected with a positive electrode tab 1 and a negative electrode tab 2, and the positive electrode plate 7 and the positive electrode tab 1, and the negative electrode plate 9 and the negative electrode plate 2 are connected by laser welding, so that the problem of falling off of the tabs and the pole pieces can be effectively avoided; and a diaphragm 8 is arranged between the positive pole piece 7 and the negative pole piece 9, so that accidents can be prevented after the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are short-circuited.
The light-enhanced super capacitor comprises a positive pole piece 7 and a negative pole piece 9, wherein the positive pole piece 7 and the negative pole piece 9 both comprise current collectors and active electrode materials, and the current collectors are of uniform porous 3D structures and can accelerate the circulation of electrolyte; the combination mode of the positive current collector body and the active material is in-situ growth, so that the passing current can be increased, the internal resistance is reduced, and the current collector plate is prevented from being overheated; under the condition of illumination, when the photo-enhanced super capacitor is positively biased, obvious photocurrent can be obtained, and the photocurrent flows to the anode in the direction, so that the positive bias can promote the separation of photo-generated holes and electron pairs, the holes have strong oxidizing property, the oxidation reaction of the material in the charging process can be obviously enhanced, and the increase of the capacitance is realized. The cyclic stability curve chart under the periodic illumination condition shows that the capacitance of the material under the illumination condition is obviously higher than that of the material under the non-illumination condition, the light enhancement effect has obvious reversibility, and the enhancement amplitude is close to 50%.
In conclusion, the super capacitor has the advantage of simple structure, the performance of the super capacitor is greatly improved under the illumination condition, and the super capacitor has important significance for large-scale use of the super capacitor.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking foamy copper as a substrate of an electrode material, firstly synthesizing a copper hydroxide nanowire array on the substrate, and then coating ZIF-8 by taking the copper hydroxide nanowire array as a template; growing a copper ion-doped nickel hydroxide nanosheet on the ZIF-8-coated nanowire array by using a hydrothermal method and taking nickel nitrate as a nickel source, and finally calcining to obtain a copper-doped nickel oxide taking a copper oxide array as a substrate to obtain an electrode material of the transparent supercapacitor with the photo-enhancement effect;
the foam nickel is used as a counter electrode material matrix, the activated carbon is used as an active material for uniform coating, and the coated active carbon is used as a counter electrode of a transparent super capacitor with a light enhancement effect;
a sodium ion battery diaphragm is used as a super capacitor diaphragm, a potassium hydroxide solution is used as a super capacitor electrode solution, an electrode material, an insulating diaphragm and a counter electrode are stacked and then are filled into a transparent packaging material, and a proper amount of electrolyte is injected for packaging, so that the light enhancement effect transparent super capacitor is obtained.
2. The method for preparing the transparent supercapacitor with the light enhancement effect according to claim 1, wherein the active material coated on the nickel foam is prepared by mixing active carbon and polyvinylidene fluoride according to a mass ratio of 9:1, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone, and uniformly stirring.
3. The method for preparing a transparent supercapacitor with a light enhancement effect according to claim 1, wherein the supercapacitor electrolyte is 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transparent encapsulant is a transparent polyethylene.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined widths of the separator of the supercapacitor are greater than or equal to the predetermined widths of the electrode material and the counter electrode.
6. A transparent supercapacitor with a light-amplifying effect, which is prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN106856152A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-16 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Light strengthens electrochemical energy storing device structure and method |
| CN106158431A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-11-23 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of basic oxide nano-array super capacitor material |
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