JPH04260760A - Single-double effect absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize the operation of a single-double effect absorption refrigerator by avoiding the insufficiency of absorption liquid and refrigerant during the single effect operation. CONSTITUTION:A refrigerant pipe 36 having a U-seal part 36A is connected between a condenser 7 of a low temperature regenerator-condenser body 8 and an evaporator 1 of an evaporator-absorber body 3 and a refrigerant pipe 37 having a U-seal part 37A is connected between a condenser 10 of a low heat source regenerator-condenser body 11 and the upstream side of the U-seal part 36A of the refrigerant pipe 36 to thereby create the self-evaporation of the refrigerant flowing from the condenser 10 through the U-seal part 37A into the refrigerant pipe 37 during the single effect operation in order to prevent the inner pressure of the low temperature regenerator-condenser body 8 from decreasing by the evaporative pressure.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerator, and more particularly to a single-double effect absorption refrigerator equipped with a low heat source regenerator condenser shell housing a low heat source regenerator and a condenser.

0002

[Prior Art] For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-13546 discloses a high-temperature regenerator using a high-temperature heat source, a low-temperature regenerator,
A refrigeration cycle is constructed by connecting a condenser, evaporator, absorber, low-temperature heat exchanger, and high-temperature heat exchanger with piping, and an auxiliary regenerator (auxiliary generator) uses a low-temperature heat source as a heating source for the condenser.
A single-double effect absorption refrigerator is disclosed in which a dilute absorption liquid pipe is connected to the upper part of the auxiliary regenerator, and a concentrated absorption liquid pipe is connected to the lower part of the auxiliary regenerator.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the above conventional technology, when the auxiliary regenerator, low-temperature regenerator, and condenser are housed in one shell, the volume of the shell increases, and the conventional dual-effect absorption refrigeration It is necessary to install the above-mentioned shell in place of the low-temperature regenerator condenser shell of the machine, connect it with piping, and operate the control valve and on-off valve provided in the piping to switch between single-effect operation and double-effect operation. A problem arises in that switching between single-effect operation and dual-effect operation becomes complicated.

In order to solve the above problem, a low heat source regenerator (corresponding to an auxiliary regenerator) and an auxiliary condenser that use a low temperature heat source as a heating source are housed outside the low temperature regenerator condenser shell. Connect the regenerator condenser shell with piping. Then, connect a refrigerant liquid pipe that has a U-seal part on the way from the condenser of the low-temperature regenerator condenser body to the evaporator, and connect the refrigerant liquid pipe from the condenser of the low-heat source regenerator condenser body to the evaporator. If the refrigerant pipe that reaches the bottom of the seal part or the refrigerant pipe that goes from the auxiliary condenser to the evaporator via the U-seal part is connected, the absorption liquid will not circulate in the low-temperature regenerator during single-effect operation using a low-temperature heat source. The pressure in the condenser shell decreases, and the absorption liquid or refrigerant liquid flows into the condenser shell of the low temperature regenerator and accumulates, causing a shortage of absorption liquid or refrigerant liquid flowing through the single-double effect absorption refrigerator, and the absorption liquid pump or Cavitation may occur in the refrigerant pump, or absorption liquid may mix with the refrigerant liquid in the low temperature regenerator condenser shell.
There was a risk that driving would become unstable and the coefficient of performance (C.O.P.) would decrease.

The present invention prevents pressure drop in the condenser shell of the low temperature regenerator during single-effect operation, avoids absorption liquid or refrigerant liquid from flowing into the condenser shell of the low temperature regenerator, and prevents cavitation of the absorption liquid pump. The purpose is to prevent this and stabilize driving.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an evaporator absorber shell 3, a high temperature regenerator 4, a low temperature regenerator condenser shell 8, a low temperature heat exchanger 12, a high temperature heat exchanger 13
and an absorption refrigerator to which a dilute absorption liquid pump 16 is connected via piping, a low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 housing a low heat source regenerator 9 and a condenser 10 that use a low temperature heat source as a heat source, and a low temperature regenerator condenser body 8. from the condenser 7 to the evaporator 1, and the U
The first refrigerant liquid pipe 36 having a seal portion 36A and the condenser 10 of the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 reach the upstream side of the U seal portion 36A of the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36, and there is a U seal portion 3 on the way.
7A and a second refrigerant liquid pipe 37, which prevents the pressure from decreasing in the low-temperature regenerator condenser shell 8 during single-effect operation, and prevents the absorption liquid and refrigerant from decreasing. This is to avoid liquid shortage.

Furthermore, the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 and the condenser 10 of the low heat source regenerator condenser body 11 reach the evaporator 1, and there are a first U seal portion 36a and a second U seal portion 36 on the way.
refrigerant liquid pipe 36B, and low temperature regenerator condenser body 8.
The refrigerant liquid pipe 3 extends from the condenser 7 to the upper part of the refrigerant liquid pipe 36C between the first U seal part 36a and the second U seal part 36b.
7a, to avoid shortage of absorption liquid and refrigerant liquid during single-effect operation, and
1st U seal portion 36a and 2nd U during single/double effect operation
This ensures liquid sealing of the seal portion 36b.

[0008]

[Operation] During single-effect operation, the refrigerant flows from the condenser 10 into the second refrigerant liquid pipe 37, and from the U-seal section 37A to the U-seal section 36A.
The refrigerant liquid flowing into the refrigerant self-evaporates, and the vapor pressure of the refrigerant prevents the pressure in the low temperature regenerator condenser shell 8 from decreasing, thereby avoiding the absorption liquid and the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low temperature regenerator condenser shell 8. ,
It is possible to prevent a shortage of the absorption liquid and the refrigerant liquid, and it is possible to stabilize single-effect operation.

Furthermore, during single-effect operation, the refrigerant liquid that flows from the condenser 10 into the refrigerant liquid pipe 36 and flows from the first U seal part 36a to the second U seal part 36b self-evaporates, and the refrigerant liquid flows into the refrigerant liquid pipe 36.
The vapor pressure of the refrigerant avoids a drop in the pressure in the low temperature regenerator condenser shell 8 communicated through 7a, and prevents the absorption liquid and refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low temperature regenerator condenser shell 8. It becomes possible to prevent liquid shortage. Furthermore, during single-double effect operation, the refrigerant liquid flowing down from the condenser 7 ensures liquid sealing of the first U-seal section 36a and the second U-seal section 36b, making it possible to stabilize the operation.

0010

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single/double effect absorption chiller/heater using water as a refrigerant and lithium bromide (LiBr) solution as an absorption liquid (solution). 1 is an evaporator, 2 is an absorber. 3 is an evaporator-absorber shell (hereinafter referred to as a lower shell) housing the evaporator 1 and absorber 2; 4 is a high-temperature regenerator equipped with, for example, a gas burner 5 and heated by a high-temperature heat source; 6 is a low-temperature regenerator; 7 is a condenser for the low-temperature regenerator 6 (hereinafter referred to as the first condenser); 8 is a low-temperature regenerator condenser body housing the low-temperature regenerator 6 and the first condenser 7 (hereinafter referred to as the first upper body); ),
9 is a low heat source regenerator that uses heated wastewater at approximately 80°C as a low temperature heat source, and 10 is a condenser for the low heat source regenerator 9 (hereinafter referred to as
11 is a low heat source regenerator condenser body (hereinafter referred to as a second condenser) housing a low heat source regenerator 9 and a second condenser 10.
12 is a low temperature heat exchanger, and 13 is a high temperature heat exchanger.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a dilute absorption liquid reservoir formed below the absorber 2 and in the lower part of the lower body 3.
The upper gas phase part of the low heat source regenerator 9 of the second upper body 11 includes a dilute absorption liquid pipe 15, a dilute absorption liquid pump 16, a dilute absorption liquid pipe 17,
The pipes are connected by a dilute absorption liquid pipe 19 consisting of 18. Further, the intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 20 formed in the lower part of the second upper body 11 and the gas phase part of the high temperature regenerator 4 are connected to an intermediate absorption liquid pipe consisting of an intermediate absorption liquid pump 22 and intermediate absorption liquid pipes 21, 23, and 24. Piping connection is made by 25.

26 is an intermediate absorption liquid reservoir formed in the high temperature regenerator 4, and this intermediate absorption liquid reservoir 26 and the low temperature regenerator 6
It is connected to the gas phase by intermediate absorption liquid pipes 27 and 28. In addition, below the low-temperature regenerator 6, a concentrated absorption liquid reservoir 29 formed in the lower part of the first upper body 8 and a concentrated absorption liquid distribution device 30 in the upper part of the absorber 2 are connected to a concentrated absorption liquid pipe 31A, 31B. They are connected by an absorption liquid pipe 31. Further, the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 21 on the suction side of the intermediate absorption liquid pump 22 and the concentrated absorption liquid pipe 31A on the upstream side of the low temperature heat exchanger 12 are connected by an absorption liquid pipe 32. The absorption liquid pipe 32 is lower than the height of the low-temperature regenerator condenser shell 8, so that even if there is a difference between the pressure in the low-heat source regenerator condenser shell 11 and the pressure in the low-temperature regenerator condenser shell 8, Each cylinder is connected in a position where it can be U-sealed.

33 is an intermediate absorption liquid pipe, and this intermediate absorption liquid pipe 33 is connected to the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 2 on the upstream side of the high temperature heat exchanger 13.
7 and the absorber 2 are connected by piping. Further, 34 is an on-off valve provided in the intermediate absorption liquid pipe 33, and this on-off valve 34 is closed when cold water is supplied and opened when hot water is supplied.

Reference numeral 36 denotes a first refrigerant liquid pipe extending from the first condenser 7 to the evaporator 1, and a U-seal portion 36A is formed in this first refrigerant liquid pipe 36. Further, 37 is a second refrigerant liquid pipe extending from the second condenser 10 to the first refrigerant pipe 36, and a U-seal portion 37A is formed in this second refrigerant liquid pipe 37. Further, the connection portion 3 between the second refrigerant liquid pipe 37 and the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36
8 is on the upstream side of the U-seal portion 36A, and the U-seal portion 3
It is located at the top of 6A. A refrigerant circulation pipe 39 is connected between the refrigerant reservoir 1A of the evaporator 1 and the refrigerant distribution device 1B, and a refrigerant pump 40 is provided in the middle of the refrigerant circulation pipe 39. Also, 41 is a refrigerant liquid reservoir 1A
This is a refrigerant liquid drain pipe connected between the refrigerant liquid drain pipe 41 and the dilute absorption liquid reservoir 14, and an on-off valve 42 is provided in the middle of this refrigerant liquid drain pipe 41.

Reference numeral 43 denotes a hot and cold water heat exchanger provided in the evaporator 1, and 44 and 45 denote cold and hot water pipes connected to the cold and hot water heat exchanger 43. 46 is a cooling water pipe, and this cooling water pipe 46 is connected to the cooling tower (not shown) through the absorber heat exchanger 2A, the first condenser heat exchanger 7A, and the second condenser heat exchanger 10A. It forms a cooling water circulation path leading to. or,
47 is a cooling water pipe, and this cooling water pipe 47 is connected between the cooling water pipe 46A extending from the first condenser heat exchanger 7A to the second condenser heat exchanger 10 and the cold/hot water pipe 45. When the absorption refrigerator is in operation, the cooling water flows through the absorber 2, the first condenser 7, and the second condenser 10 in this order. 48 is cooling water pipe 4
This on-off valve 48 is opened when hot water is supplied and when cooling water is stored in the cooling water pipe 46.

49 is a heat source flow rate control valve, and this control valve 49
The opening degree of is adjusted based on the outlet temperature of the cold/hot water heat exchanger 43.

The operation of the single-double effect absorption chiller/heater will be explained below. (a) Single-effect operation If sufficient heat can be obtained from the heated waste water, which is a low-temperature heat source, the intermediate absorption liquid pump 22 stops operating. At this time,
When cold water is supplied from the cold/hot water heat exchanger 43 to the load, the respective on-off valves 34, 35B, 42 and 48 are closed. Further, the dilute absorption liquid pump 16 and the refrigerant pump 40 are each operated, and a refrigeration cycle is constituted by the low heat source regenerator 9, the second condenser 10, the evaporator 1, the absorber 2, and the low temperature heat exchanger 12. Here, the dilute absorption liquid discharged from the dilute absorption liquid pump 16 passes through the low temperature heat exchanger 12 and then passes through the low heat source regenerator 9.
sent to. In the low heat source regenerator 9, the diluted absorption liquid is heated by heated waste water, and the refrigerant is separated from the diluted absorption liquid.

The intermediate absorption liquid whose concentration has been increased by separating the refrigerant in the low heat source regenerator 9 is transferred to an intermediate absorption liquid pipe 21, an absorption liquid pipe 32,
Concentrated absorption liquid pipe 31A, low temperature heat exchanger 12 and concentrated absorption liquid pipe 3
It passes through 1B and is dispersed in absorber 2. Also, low heat source regenerator 9
The separated refrigerant flows into the second condenser 10, where it is cooled and condensed. Then, the refrigerant liquid flows down the refrigerant liquid pipe 37 and the second
It accumulates in the U-seal portion 37A of the refrigerant liquid pipe 37. U seal part 3
The refrigerant liquid accumulated in 7A overflows from the connection part 38, flows into the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36, and accumulates in the U-seal part 36A. The refrigerant liquid accumulated in the U-seal portion 36A overflows into the evaporator 1 and flows into it. Further, the refrigerant liquid that has flowed into the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36 from the U-seal portion 37A self-evaporates, and the vapor pressure causes the refrigerant liquid to flow into the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36.
The pressure inside and inside the first upper shell 8 increases.

The refrigerant liquid accumulated in the refrigerant liquid reservoir 1A of the evaporator 1 is distributed to the cold/hot water heat exchanger 43 by the operation of the refrigerant pump 40. Then, cold water cooled by latent heat generated when the refrigerant liquid is vaporized is supplied from the cold/hot water heat exchanger 43 to the load. The refrigerant vaporized in the evaporator 1 flows to the absorber 2 and is absorbed by the concentrated absorption liquid.

(b) Single-duplex combined operation When the temperature of hot water and wastewater decreases and the outlet temperature of the cold water becomes higher than the set temperature with only the single-effect operation described above, the intermediate absorption liquid pump 22 is operated and the high-temperature The burner 5 of the regenerator 4 burns. Then, the absorber 2, the low heat source regenerator 9, the high temperature regenerator 4, the high temperature heat exchanger 13, the low temperature regenerator 6, the low temperature heat exchanger 12, the first condenser 7, the second condenser 10, and the evaporator 1 A refrigeration cycle is configured. Then, the intermediate absorption liquid from the low heat source regenerator 9 is sent to the high temperature regenerator 4 by the intermediate absorption liquid pump 22, where it is heated and the refrigerant is separated. The intermediate absorption liquid whose concentration has increased in the high-temperature regenerator 4 is sent to the low-temperature regenerator 6 via the high-temperature heat exchanger 13, as in the conventional dual-effect absorption refrigerator. Then, the intermediate absorption liquid is heated in the low-temperature regenerator 6, and the refrigerant is further separated to increase its concentration.The concentrated absorption liquid is sent to the absorber 2 via the low-temperature heat exchanger 12 and is sprayed.

[0022] Furthermore, the refrigerant separated in the low heat source regenerator 9 is
The refrigerant condensed in the condenser 10 and separated in the low temperature regenerator 6 is condensed in the first condenser 7. Then, the refrigerant liquid is transferred to the first condenser 7.
It flows from the second condenser 10 through the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36 and the second refrigerant liquid pipe 37 to the evaporator 1, where it is dispersed. and,
Cold water cooled by the hot/cold water heat exchanger 43 is supplied to the load. Further, the refrigerant vaporized in the evaporator 1 flows to the absorber 2 and is absorbed by the concentrated absorption liquid. Furthermore, when supplying hot water to the load, the on-off valves 34, 35B, 42, 48 are opened, and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor generated in the high-temperature regenerator 4 is transferred to the refrigerant vapor pipes 35, 35A.
It flows to the lower body 3 through. Then, the hot water flowing through the cold/hot water heat exchanger 43 is heated by the refrigerant vapor and supplied to the load. In addition, the refrigerant is condensed in the cold/hot water heat exchanger 43 and becomes a refrigerant liquid reservoir 1A.
The refrigerant liquid accumulated in the refrigerant liquid drain pipe 41 flows to the dilute absorption liquid reservoir 14.

According to the above embodiment, the second upper shell 11 housing the low heat source regenerator 9 and the second condenser 10 is provided separately from the first upper shell 8 of the dual-effect absorption chiller/heater. By connecting the second upper body 11 to the dual-effect absorption chiller/heater through piping, a single/double-effect absorption chiller/heater can be easily constructed. Further, the second refrigerant liquid pipe 37 having the U seal portion 37A extending from the second condenser 10 to the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36 is on the upstream side of the U seal portion 36A of the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36, and has a U seal portion. 36
Since it is connected to the upper part of A, the U seal part 36A, 3
7A, it is possible to ensure a liquid seal between the first upper body 8 and the second upper body 11 and the lower body 3. Furthermore, during single-effect operation, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant liquid flowing from the second refrigerant liquid pipe 37 to the first refrigerant liquid pipe 36 from self-evaporating, thereby preventing the pressure within the first upper shell 8 from decreasing. As a result, it is possible to avoid the absorption liquid from accumulating in the low-temperature regenerator 6 of the first upper body 8 and the refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the first condenser 7. Absorptive liquid shortage can be avoided, cavitation of the dilute absorbent liquid pump 16 and refrigerant liquid pump 40 can be prevented, and single-effect operation can be stabilized. In addition, as shown by broken lines in FIG. 1, a concentrated absorption liquid pump 50 and an absorption liquid pipe 5
1 is also provided, similar effects can be obtained.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, components having the same configuration as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. A U seal part (first U seal part) 3 is located in the middle of the refrigerant liquid pipe 36B from the second condenser 10 to the evaporator 1 in the second upper body 11.
6a and a U-seal portion (second U-seal portion) 36b. Also, when connecting the refrigerant liquid pipe 37a from the first condenser 7 of the first upper body 8 to the upper part of the refrigerant liquid pipe 36C between the U seal part 36a and the U seal part 36b, the above embodiment is applied. Similarly, a portion of the refrigerant liquid flowing from the U-seal portion 36a to the U-seal portion 36b self-evaporates, making it possible to prevent the pressure within the first upper shell 8 from decreasing, thereby achieving the same effects as in the first embodiment. Obtainable. Also, during single-double effect operation, the refrigerant liquid flows from the first condenser 7 to the U-seal section 36a and the U-seal section 3.
6b, and the liquid can be reliably sealed at each U-seal portion.

Furthermore, in the above embodiments, a single-double-effect absorption refrigerator (included in single-double-effect absorption refrigerators) that supplies cold water or hot water has been described, but a single-double-effect absorption refrigerator that supplies only cold water In the absorption refrigerator as well, similar effects can be obtained by connecting the first upper body 11 with piping as in the above embodiment.

[0026]

Effects of the Invention The present invention is a single-double effect absorption refrigerating machine constructed as described above. The condenser of the regenerator condenser body and the evaporator are connected by a first refrigerant liquid pipe having a U seal part in the middle, and the upstream side of the U seal part of this first refrigerant liquid pipe and the low heat source regenerator condenser body are connected. Since it is connected to the condenser by a second refrigerant liquid pipe with a U-seal part in the middle,
During single-effect operation, the refrigerant liquid flowing from the second refrigerant liquid pipe to the first refrigerant liquid pipe self-evaporates, which prevents the pressure in the low-temperature regenerator condenser shell from decreasing when the operation is stopped, and absorbs The liquid or refrigerant liquid can flow into the condenser shell of the low temperature regenerator and can be prevented from accumulating.As a result, a shortage of absorption liquid and a shortage of refrigerant liquid can be prevented and operation can be stabilized.

[0027] Furthermore, the condenser and evaporator of the low heat source regenerator condenser body are connected by a refrigerant liquid pipe having a first U seal portion and a second U seal portion, and the condenser of the low heat source regenerator condenser body is By connecting the refrigerant liquid pipe to the upper part of the refrigerant pipe between the first U seal part and the second U seal part, during single effect operation, the liquid flows out from the condenser of the low heat source regenerator condenser body and flows into the first U seal part. The refrigerant liquid flowing from the to the second U seal part self-evaporates, which prevents a drop in the pressure inside the low temperature regenerator condenser body, and prevents the absorption liquid or refrigerant liquid from accumulating in the low temperature regenerator condenser body. It is possible to prevent shortages and refrigerant liquid shortages and stabilize operation. Furthermore, it is possible to avoid a shortage of refrigerant liquid in the first U seal portion and the second U seal portion during single/double effect operation, and to ensure liquid sealing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-double effect absorption chiller/heater showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main parts of a single-double effect absorption chiller/heater showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Evaporator 2 Absorber 3 Evaporator absorber shell 4 High temperature regenerator 6 Low temperature regenerator 7 First condenser 8 Low temperature regenerator condenser shell 9 Low heat source regenerator 10 Second condenser 11 Low heat source regenerator condenser shell 12 Low temperature heat exchanger 13 High temperature heat exchanger 16 Dilute absorption liquid pump 19 Dilute absorption liquid piping 36 First refrigerant liquid pipe 36A U seal part 37 Second refrigerant liquid pipe 37A U seal part 36B Refrigerant liquid pipe 36a 1st U seal part 36b 2nd U seal part 37a Refrigerant liquid pipe

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim 1: An evaporator-absorber shell housing an evaporator and an absorber, a low-temperature regenerator condenser shell housing a high-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, and a condenser, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature heat exchanger, and a low-temperature regenerator condenser shell housing an evaporator and an absorber. In an absorption refrigerator with an absorption liquid pump connected to the piping, there is a low heat source regenerator condenser body housing a low heat source regenerator and condenser that uses a low temperature heat source as a heat source, and a low heat source regenerator condenser body that houses a low heat source regenerator condenser body. The first refrigerant liquid pipe has a U-seal part in the middle, and the condenser of the low heat source regenerator condenser body reaches the upstream side of the U-seal part of the first refrigerant liquid pipe, and has a U-seal part in the middle. A single/double effect absorption refrigerator comprising: a second refrigerant liquid pipe having a second refrigerant liquid pipe. Claim 2: An evaporator-absorber shell housing an evaporator and an absorber, a low-temperature regenerator condenser shell housing a high-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, and a condenser, a low-temperature heat exchanger, a high-temperature heat exchanger, and a low-temperature regenerator condenser shell housing an evaporator and an absorber. In an absorption refrigerator with an absorption liquid pump connected to the piping, evaporation from the low heat source regenerator condenser body housing the low heat source regenerator and condenser that uses a low temperature heat source as a heat source, and the condenser of this low heat source regenerator condenser body The first U seal part and the second part are connected to the container.
a refrigerant liquid pipe having a U-seal part, and a refrigerant liquid pipe extending from the condenser of the low-temperature regenerator condenser body to the upper part of the refrigerant liquid pipe between the first U-seal part and the second U-seal part. A single/double effect absorption chiller featuring: