JPH0424132B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0424132B2
JPH0424132B2 JP10099283A JP10099283A JPH0424132B2 JP H0424132 B2 JPH0424132 B2 JP H0424132B2 JP 10099283 A JP10099283 A JP 10099283A JP 10099283 A JP10099283 A JP 10099283A JP H0424132 B2 JPH0424132 B2 JP H0424132B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
sand
weight
model
mold
binder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP10099283A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59225852A (en
Inventor
Toshio Kai
Ryuichi Sakai
Shigeyuki Yokoi
Nobuhito Imamura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Tokyu Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Tokyu Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd, Tokyu Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to JP10099283A priority Critical patent/JPS59225852A/en
Publication of JPS59225852A publication Critical patent/JPS59225852A/en
Publication of JPH0424132B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0424132B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/04Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は鋳型の製造法に関するものである。 鋳物砂の吹付造型装置(特願昭57−067470号)
を用いて鋳鋼品の鋳放重量1トン以上の鋳型を製
造する場合には鋳肌表面に焼着が発生するため
に、硅砂の代りに耐火度の高い、ジルコン砂、ク
ロマイト砂等にて薄い肌砂層を形成するが、その
方法は既に特願昭56−170788号に提案している。 この方法は、第1,2図に示すように模型表面
1にエキスパンドメタル又は亀甲金網等の金網2
を張り付け、該金網には肌砂層厚3に相当する支
柱4を模型寸法に応じて数本ないし数10本出し、
吹付造型装置を用いて、所定の肌砂層を形成する
ものである。 本発明は、上記方法によらず、模型面に急速硬
化用剤を用いた混練砂を吹付けて、所定の肌砂層
を急速に形成し、砂込め工数の低減並びに肌砂材
料の節減を計ることを目的としてなされたもので
ある。 すなわち本発明は、耐火性粒子を粘結剤及び急
速硬化促進剤添加硬化剤にて混練した速硬性の混
練砂を模型面に吹付け、肌砂層を急速に形成する
ことを特徴とする鋳型の製造法に関するものであ
る。 本発明方法における造型材料は鋳込後の焼着防
止の為に耐火度の高いジルコン砂、クロマイト砂
等の耐火性粒子を用いる。粘結剤はフラン系、フ
エノール系、フエノール・フラン系樹脂を使用
し、また硬化剤はキシレンスルホン酸系、パラト
ルエンスルホン酸系、ベンゼンスルホン酸系、リ
ン酸系のものに、急速硬化促進剤としての硫酸を
添加したものを使用する。 上記の耐火性粒子に対する粘結剤の添加割合は
0.5〜1.2重量%、硬化剤の添加割合は0.1〜0.5重
量%とすることが望ましい。粘結剤が0.5重量%
以下の場合には硬化剤の添加量にもよるが、硬化
速度が遅くなり、1.2重量%以上の場合は硬化速
度が更に促進されるが、経済性の面(粘結剤のコ
スト)で好ましくない。また硬化剤が0.1重量%
以下の場合には粘結剤の添加量にもよるが、硬化
速度が遅くなり、0.5重量%以上の場合は硬化速
度が更に促進されるが、経済性の面で好ましくな
い。 また、上記硬化剤には急速硬化促進剤としての
硫酸が添加されているが、その量は硬化剤に対し
3〜10重量%が好ましい。 硫酸が3重量%以下の場合には硬化速度が遅く
なり、また10重量%以上を添加の場合には硬化速
度は早くなるが、所定の鋳型強度が出なくなるか
らである。 なお、本発明において、一般に、混練砂の可使
時間を調整するために、春、夏、冬用として粘結
剤、硬化剤の種類、添加量、硬化促進剤の添加量
を変えて使用する。 本発明者らは、吹付造型装置を用いて模型面に
肌砂層を形成し得る造型条件を見い出すための基
礎試験を実施した。以下に、その検討結果を示
す。 1 試験条件 1.1 供試材料 (1) 耐火性粒子:ジルコン砂(A,F,
S110) (2) 急速硬化用剤(本発明適用分) 粘結剤:フエノール・フラン樹脂(旭有機
材工業(株)製商品名HP1000F)(0.8重量
%/対砂) 硬化剤:ベンゼンスルホン酸(旭有機材工
業(株)製商品名PB−20)(30重量%/対粘
結材、但し硫酸1〜15重量%/対ベンゼ
ンスルホン酸) 1.2 吹付造型装置 第3図に示す装置を用いた。 第3図において、砂タンク5に投入されたジル
コン砂は連続定量供給機6で連続かつ定量的に混
練機7に供給される。混練機7は多翼式高速回転
により添加される粘結剤と硬化剤とジルコン砂を
瞬時に混練排出を行い、シユート8を経てブース
ター9へと流出する。混練砂はブースター9にて
吹付造型に必要な速度に加速され、ブラストホー
ス10を介して吹付造型する。 1.3 吹付造型条件 (1) 装置: ブラストホース10の寸法:32mmφ×6m 出砂量;1.5ton/Hr 混練砂の噴射速度比(混練砂の噴射速度
を、混練砂がブラストホース内を輸送され
る際に脈動を生じる限界速度で除したも
の):任意の噴射速度比 (2) 模型,その他: 模型及び吹付角度:平板模型(500mm×
500mm×50mmt)を用い、水平面となす角
度を90゜(垂直)に設置して吹付けた。 吹付距離;1m 2 試験方法 肌砂層を形成するための条件としては、耐火
性粒子が模型面に吹付けられるとほゞ同時に急
速硬化反応を生じて固着し、しかも連続的に吹
付けられる後続の耐火性粒子により飛散されな
いことが要求される。この要件を満たす形成条
件を見出すために試験を重ねた結果、模型面
90゜に対して50mm以下の肌砂層を形成する場合
の適正吹付条件は表1に示す通りであつた。 2.1 適正吹付条件把握試験 出砂量と噴射速度比は相関関係があり、まず噴
射速度比を任意に変えて模型面での耐火性粒子の
飛散状況を観察した。その結果、最適な噴射速度
比は2.5〜3.3であつた。 次に模型面での耐火性粒子が急速硬化反応を生
じて固着し、肌砂層を形成する最適硬化剤配分条
件を見い出す為に、粘結剤はフエノール・フラン
樹脂の同一種類とし、硬化剤はベンゼンスルホン
酸中の硫酸量を変えて、最適噴射速度比2.5〜3.3
以下で吹付試験を繰り返し実施したところ、最適
硬化剤配合比はベンゼンスルホン酸中に硫酸3〜
10重量%添加の場合であることが判明した。
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a mold. Foundry sand spray molding device (Patent Application No. 1983-067470)
When manufacturing molds with an as-cast weight of 1 ton or more for cast steel products using silica sand, baking may occur on the casting surface, so instead of silica sand, use a thin film of highly refractory zircon sand, chromite sand, etc. A sandy layer is formed, and the method has already been proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 170788/1983. In this method, as shown in Figs.
, and put out several to several tens of pillars 4 corresponding to the sand layer thickness 3 on the wire mesh depending on the model dimensions,
A predetermined sand layer is formed using a spray molding device. The present invention does not rely on the above-mentioned method, but instead sprays kneaded sand using a rapid hardening agent onto the model surface to rapidly form a predetermined skin sand layer, thereby reducing the number of man-hours required for sand filling and saving the material used for skin sand. It was done for that purpose. That is, the present invention provides a mold characterized in that a quickly hardening kneaded sand prepared by kneading refractory particles with a binder and a hardening agent added with a rapid hardening accelerator is sprayed onto the model surface to rapidly form a surface sand layer. It concerns the manufacturing method. The molding material used in the method of the present invention uses refractory particles such as zircon sand and chromite sand, which have high refractory properties, in order to prevent burning after casting. The binder used is furan-based, phenol-based, or phenol/furan-based resin, and the curing agent was xylene sulfonic acid-based, p-toluene sulfonic acid-based, benzene sulfonic acid-based, or phosphoric acid-based, and a rapid curing accelerator was used. Use sulfuric acid added as sulfuric acid. The addition ratio of binder to the above refractory particles is
It is desirable that the curing agent be added in an amount of 0.5 to 1.2% by weight, and that the curing agent be added in an amount of 0.1 to 0.5% by weight. Binding agent 0.5% by weight
In the following cases, the curing speed will be slow depending on the amount of curing agent added, and if it is 1.2% by weight or more, the curing speed will be further accelerated, but this is preferable from an economic standpoint (binder cost). do not have. In addition, the hardening agent is 0.1% by weight.
In the following cases, depending on the amount of binder added, the curing speed becomes slow, and in cases of 0.5% by weight or more, the curing speed is further accelerated, but this is not preferable from an economic point of view. Furthermore, sulfuric acid is added to the curing agent as a rapid curing accelerator, and the amount thereof is preferably 3 to 10% by weight based on the curing agent. If the amount of sulfuric acid is less than 3% by weight, the curing rate will be slow, and if it is added in an amount of 10% by weight or more, the curing rate will be faster, but the desired mold strength will not be achieved. In addition, in the present invention, in general, in order to adjust the pot life of the kneaded sand, the type and amount of the binder and hardening agent, and the amount of the hardening accelerator added are changed for spring, summer, and winter. . The present inventors conducted a basic test to find out the molding conditions that can form a sand layer on the model surface using a spray molding device. The results of the study are shown below. 1 Test conditions 1.1 Test materials (1) Fire-resistant particles: Zircon sand (A, F,
S110) (2) Rapid curing agent (applicable to the present invention) Binder: Phenol-furan resin (trade name HP1000F, manufactured by Asahi Yokuzai Kogyo Co., Ltd.) (0.8% by weight/based on sand) Curing agent: Benzene sulfonic acid (Product name PB-20 manufactured by Asahi Yokuzai Kogyo Co., Ltd.) (30% by weight/to binder, however, sulfuric acid 1 to 15% by weight/to benzenesulfonic acid) 1.2 Spray molding device Use the device shown in Figure 3. there was. In FIG. 3, zircon sand put into a sand tank 5 is continuously and quantitatively supplied to a kneading machine 7 by a continuous quantitative feeder 6. The kneader 7 instantaneously kneads and discharges the added binder, curing agent, and zircon sand by rotating at a multi-blade type at high speed, and the kneader 7 flows out through the chute 8 to the booster 9. The kneaded sand is accelerated by a booster 9 to a speed required for spray molding, and is spray molded via a blast hose 10. 1.3 Blow molding conditions (1) Equipment: Blast hose 10 dimensions: 32 mmφ x 6 m Amount of sand output: 1.5 ton/Hr Mixed sand injection speed ratio (mixed sand injection speed (divided by the critical speed that causes pulsation): Arbitrary injection speed ratio (2) Model, etc.: Model and spray angle: Flat plate model (500 mm
500mm x 50mmt), and was installed at an angle of 90° (vertical) to the horizontal surface. Spraying distance: 1m 2 Test method The conditions for forming a sand layer are that when the refractory particles are sprayed onto the model surface, a rapid hardening reaction occurs and hardens, and the subsequent spraying is continuous. It is required that it not be blown away by refractory particles. As a result of repeated tests to find forming conditions that met this requirement, the model surface
Appropriate spraying conditions for forming a sand layer of 50 mm or less with respect to 90° were as shown in Table 1. 2.1 Test to understand the appropriate spraying conditions There is a correlation between the amount of sand produced and the injection speed ratio, so first, we arbitrarily changed the injection speed ratio and observed the scattering of refractory particles on the model surface. As a result, the optimal injection speed ratio was 2.5 to 3.3. Next, in order to find the optimal hardening agent distribution conditions in which the refractory particles on the model surface undergo a rapid hardening reaction and adhere to form a sandy layer, the binder is the same type of phenol-furan resin, and the hardening agent is By changing the amount of sulfuric acid in benzenesulfonic acid, the optimum injection speed ratio is 2.5 to 3.3.
After repeating the spraying test below, we found that the optimum curing agent mixing ratio was 3 to 3 sulfuric acid in benzenesulfonic acid.
It was found that this was the case when 10% by weight was added.

【表】 表1に示すように、常用剤の適用は、模型面に
吹付けられた混練砂がさらさらしているため、肌
砂層が全く形成されない。一方、本発明方法に係
る急速硬化用剤の適用の場合には、模型面に吹付
けられた混練砂が急速に硬化反応を生じ、しかも
粘性増大により固着作用が増加し、肌砂層が形成
される。但し、この場合、吹付条件として最適噴
射速度比(2.5〜3.3)、最適硬化剤配合比(ベン
ゼンスルホン酸中に硫酸3〜10重量%添加)のも
のを設定することにより、鋳型品質の良好な肌砂
層が得られることが判明した。尚、表1では模型
面90゜に対して厚さ約50mmの肌砂層を形成したが、
この条件で厚さ約60mmの場合には肌砂層の自重に
より脱落を生じた。模型面の傾斜角度を更に小さ
くすることにより更に厚い肌砂層を形成すること
は可能であるが、鋳型の通気度の関係から肌砂層
厚は実用上50mm程度で全くさしつかえない。尚、
肌砂層の厚さが厚くなると鋳型の通気度が悪くな
り、鋳物の表面欠陥(ガス欠陥)の要因となる。 また本発明者らは、上記基礎試験にて把握した
急速硬化用剤による肌砂層の形成条件の妥当性を
確認する為に試験品模型を用いて肌砂、裏砂を吹
付造型後、鋳込試験を行い肌砂性能を評価した。
試験条件は次の通りである。 1 供試材料 (1) 耐火性粒子 肌砂:ジルコン砂(A,F,S 110) 裏砂:硅砂回収砂(A,F,S 45) (2) 急速硬化用剤 粘結剤:フエノール・フラン樹脂(旭有機材
工業(株)製商品名HP1000F)(0.8重量%/対
砂) 硬化剤:ベンゼン・スルホン酸(旭有機材工
業(株)製商品名PB−20)+硫酸(30重量%/
対粘結剤、但し、硫酸5重量%/対ベンゼ
ンスルホン酸) 2 吹付造型装置 第3図の吹付造型装置を用いた。 3 吹付造型条件 ホース10の寸法:32mmφ×6m 出 砂 量:1.5ton/Hr 混練砂の噴射速度比:2.5〜3.3 吹 付 角 度 :30〜90゜ 吹 付 距 離 :0.5〜1.0m 4 試験品模型 製品重量約2tonの角型模型(1000mm×1000mm
×250mm)を用いた。 5 造型試験 下型は第4図のように定盤14上に鋳枠15
を設置し、枠内に模型01、湯道16を配置し
た。 上記の状況下で吹付造型装置を用いて、本発明
方法により、まず約20mmの肌砂層13を成型後、
引き続いて裏砂17を込め付けて固化する。固化
後は下型を反転し、第5図のようにその上部に鋳
枠15′を設置し、下型模型01、湯道16と同
位置に上型模型01′、湯口16′を設置する。上
型模型01と同一手順にて造型を行い、固化後は
上下模型01,01′を離型し、試験品鋳型を完
成した。 この試験品鋳型を用いて、鋳鋼(SC46)の鋳
込試験(鋳込温度1540℃、鋳型乾燥温度約80℃)
を実施した結果、鋳肌面にはガス欠陥等の鋳造欠
陥もなく、良質な鋳物製品が製造できた。
[Table] As shown in Table 1, when the common agent is applied, no sand layer is formed at all because the kneading sand sprayed onto the model surface is loose. On the other hand, in the case of applying the rapid curing agent according to the method of the present invention, the kneaded sand sprayed onto the model surface undergoes a rapid curing reaction, and the fixation effect increases due to increased viscosity, resulting in the formation of a skin sand layer. Ru. However, in this case, by setting the optimum injection speed ratio (2.5 to 3.3) and the optimum curing agent blending ratio (addition of 3 to 10% by weight of sulfuric acid to benzenesulfonic acid) as the spraying conditions, good mold quality can be achieved. It was found that a sandy layer was obtained. In addition, in Table 1, a sand layer with a thickness of approximately 50 mm was formed at a 90° angle to the model surface.
Under these conditions, when the thickness was approximately 60 mm, the sand layer fell off due to its own weight. Although it is possible to form a thicker skin sand layer by further reducing the inclination angle of the model surface, a skin sand layer thickness of about 50 mm is practically acceptable due to the air permeability of the mold. still,
When the thickness of the sand layer increases, the air permeability of the mold becomes poor, which causes surface defects (gas defects) in the casting. In addition, in order to confirm the validity of the conditions for forming the skin sand layer using the rapid hardening agent that we had identified in the basic test, we used a test product model to spray mold the skin sand and back sand, and then cast them. A test was conducted to evaluate sand performance.
The test conditions are as follows. 1 Test materials (1) Refractory particle surface sand: Zircon sand (A, F, S 110) Back sand: Silica sand recovered sand (A, F, S 45) (2) Rapid hardening agent Binder: Phenol Furan resin (Product name: HP1000F, manufactured by Asahi Yokuzai Co., Ltd.) (0.8% by weight/based on sand) Curing agent: Benzene sulfonic acid (Product name: PB-20, manufactured by Asahi Yokuzai Co., Ltd.) + Sulfuric acid (30% by weight %/
Binder vs. sulfuric acid 5% by weight/benzenesulfonic acid) 2. Spray molding device The spray molding device shown in Fig. 3 was used. 3 Blow molding conditions Dimensions of hose 10: 32 mmφ x 6 m Amount of sand output: 1.5 ton/Hr Injection speed ratio of mixed sand: 2.5 to 3.3 Blow angle: 30 to 90° Blow distance: 0.5 to 1.0 m 4 Test Product model A square model with a product weight of approximately 2 tons (1000mm x 1000mm)
×250mm) was used. 5 Molding test The lower mold is placed in the casting flask 15 on the surface plate 14 as shown in Figure 4.
was installed, and model 01 and runner 16 were placed within the frame. Under the above circumstances, using the spray molding device and the method of the present invention, after first molding the skin sand layer 13 of about 20 mm,
Subsequently, backing sand 17 is packed and solidified. After solidification, the lower mold is turned over and the flask 15' is installed on top of it as shown in Fig. 5, and the upper mold model 01' and sprue 16' are installed in the same position as the lower mold model 01 and runner 16. . Molding was carried out in the same procedure as for upper model 01, and after solidification, upper and lower models 01 and 01' were released to complete a test mold. Cast steel (SC46) casting test using this test mold (casting temperature 1540℃, mold drying temperature approximately 80℃)
As a result, we were able to manufacture high-quality cast products with no casting defects such as gas defects on the casting surface.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1,2図は従来の鋳型製造法に使用される模
型を説明するための図、第3図は本発明方法に使
用される吹付造型装置の一例を示す図、第4,5
図は本発明方法で造型した鋳型の一例を示す図で
ある。
Figures 1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining a model used in the conventional mold manufacturing method, Figure 3 is a diagram showing an example of a spray molding apparatus used in the method of the present invention, and Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams for explaining a model used in the conventional mold manufacturing method.
The figure shows an example of a mold molded by the method of the present invention.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 耐火性粒子を粘結剤及び急速硬化促進剤添加
硬化剤にて混練した速硬性の混練砂を模型表面に
吹付け、肌砂層を急速に形成することを特徴とす
る鋳型造型法。
1. A mold making method characterized by spraying fast-hardening kneaded sand prepared by kneading fire-resistant particles with a binder and a hardening agent added with a rapid hardening accelerator onto the model surface to rapidly form a skin sand layer.
JP10099283A 1983-06-08 1983-06-08 Production of casting mold Granted JPS59225852A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10099283A JPS59225852A (en) 1983-06-08 1983-06-08 Production of casting mold

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10099283A JPS59225852A (en) 1983-06-08 1983-06-08 Production of casting mold

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59225852A JPS59225852A (en) 1984-12-18
JPH0424132B2 true JPH0424132B2 (en) 1992-04-24

Family

ID=14288798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP10099283A Granted JPS59225852A (en) 1983-06-08 1983-06-08 Production of casting mold

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59225852A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU598163B2 (en) * 1987-11-12 1990-06-14 Herbert William Reynolds Apparatus for and a method of producing sand moulds

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59225852A (en) 1984-12-18

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