JPH042372Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of industrial application] The present invention relates to a separated water cooling reuse system for effectively utilizing water separated from bleed air for cooling the bleed air in an air conditioner. It is something.

[Prior Art] For example, in the case of an air conditioner mounted on an aircraft, a portion of engine bleed air is taken in and used as bleed air necessary for air conditioning, and this is cooled by a turbine compressor mechanism combined with a heat exchanger. Generally, a system is adopted in which the water is then supplied to a stock pit. Specifically, as shown in Figure 4, the bleed air taken in from the engine is first adiabatically compressed by a compressor C driven by turbine power to raise its temperature and pressure, and then this high temperature and high pressure bleed air is Cooling air taken in from the outside (ram air)
The high-pressure bleed air is passed through a heat exchanger H as a refrigerant to pre-cool it, and then the high-pressure bleed air is adiabatically expanded in a turbine T to obtain cold air at a sufficiently low temperature (usually around 0° C.). At the same time, the moisture contained in the bleed air condenses on the turbine outlet side, so that the water separator S separates this moisture and removes it from the cold air, thereby achieving the necessary dehumidification.

However, if we look at the condensation of moisture in the bleed air from the perspective of cooling efficiency, part of the cold heat that should be collected as the expansion work of the bleed air in the turbine T is absorbed by the latent heat necessary to condense the water vapor. This may lead to a decrease in cooling capacity. Therefore, in order to recover the cold energy lost due to the generation of condensed water, as shown in Figure 4, an aspirator (sprayer) is installed on the inlet line of the cooling air flowing to the heat exchanger H. The water separated from the aspirator by the waiter separator S is devised to be sprayed together with a portion of the high-pressure bleed air (in the figure, s is the suction line for the separated water, and j is the part of the high-pressure bleed air for driving the aspirator). (indicates the intake diversion line). That is,
According to this system, when the moisture sprayed into the cooling air evaporates in the heat exchanger H, it absorbs the latent heat of evaporation from the high-temperature bleed air and improves the cooling performance of the heat exchanger H.

However, in the case of this type of conventional system, although the latent heat of vaporization of the condensed water generated at the turbine outlet side is reused for cooling the bleed air, the high temperature bleed air that requires the cooling effect of the spray water Not only that, but it is also consumed to lower the temperature of the cooling air of heat exchanger H, so it is not necessarily efficient and can only contribute about 20 to 40% of the latent heat of vaporization to the cooling of the bleed air. This is the reality.

[Problems that the invention attempts to solve] This invention was created with attention to the above circumstances.
As a cooling reuse system for separated water in an air conditioner, the latent heat of vaporization of separated water can be used with higher efficiency for cooling bleed air than existing systems, but the system does not require an increase in the size and weight of the entire air conditioner or a complicated structure. We are trying to offer a new compact and high-performance product.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention pre-cools extracted air that has been adiabatically compressed by a compressor in a heat exchanger that circulates cooling air, and then adiabatically expands it in a turbine to cool it. At the same time, in the air conditioner in which condensed water in the bleed air is separated by a water separator, an evaporator is provided in the bleed line between the compressor and the turbine to remove latent heat of vaporization from the bleed air and evaporate the spray water. an aspirator that sprays the water separated by the water separator onto the evaporator; a storage tank that stores unevaporated water in the evaporator; and an aspirator that re-sprays the unevaporated water in the storage tank. It is characterized by the following.

[Function] According to this system configuration, the water separated and recovered by the water separator is atomized in the evaporator installed in the upstream bleed line through which high-temperature bleed air flows, and the latent heat of vaporization is directly absorbed from the bleed air. Compared to the case of cooling through atomization of the cooling air of a conventional heat exchanger, most of the latent heat of vaporization of the atomized water contributes to the cooling of the hot bleed air, thus achieving a very high cooling efficiency. is demonstrated.
In addition, the water that is directly absorbed from the water separator is sprayed in the evaporator by aspirators in sequence, and the water that cannot be completely evaporated in the evaporator is stored and completely sprayed again in another aspirator. Since the water is circulated and sprayed until it evaporates, all of the water separated by the water separator can be effectively used to absorb the latent heat of vaporization from the high-temperature bleed air, which reduces the cooling capacity of the air conditioner. This will greatly contribute to recovery. The only new system configuration required is the evaporator, and the aspirator can be extremely simple, simply injecting a portion of the high-pressure bleed air from the bleed line as a driving gas from an orifice, so the entire air conditioning system However, there is almost no increase in size or complexity of the structure.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

The illustrated embodiment shows the improved separated water reuse system of the present invention in an aircraft air conditioner in contrast to that of the conventional system of FIG. However, the basic configuration of this air conditioner is the same as the previous one. That is, in the figure, C is a compressor that is driven by turbine power and adiabatically compresses the bleed air from the engine sent through the bleed line _A1 , and T is a compressor that adiabatically expands and cools the bleed air that has been heated to a higher temperature by compressor C. The turbine H is a heat exchanger that is interposed in the bleed air line _a2 between the turbine T and the compressor C and precools the high temperature bleed air by exchanging heat with the cooling air flowing through the cooling line _b1 ; S indicates a water separator provided in the bleed air line _a3 on the outlet side of the turbine T to separate moisture condensed in the cooled bleed air.

In the air conditioner having such a configuration, an evaporator V is disposed in series with the heat exchanger H in the extraction line _a2 connecting the compressor C and the turbine T. This evaporator V is
Water is sprayed inside the air bleed line and this spray water is transferred to the air extraction line.
It is for removing the latent heat of vaporization from the bleed air passing through _a2 and evaporating it, and specifically, it has the same internal structure as the tube type or plate fin type heat exchanger H. A bypass line b is connected to the evaporator V from the cooling line b ₁ of the adjacent heat exchanger H, bypassing the heat exchanger H, for the main purpose of exhausting the aspirator driving gas ejected inside. ₂ , b ₃ are attached, and
A suction line s for separating water from the water separator S, which was conventionally connected to the heat exchanger H, is connected to a branch line j for high-pressure bleed air taken in from the bleed line _a2 for driving the aspirator. As shown in FIG. 2, this evaporator V has a primary aspirator A ₁ and a secondary aspirator A on its upstream side that spray water using high-temperature bleed air, which is partially taken in from the branch line j, as a driving gas. ₂
On the other hand, on the downstream side thereof, a storage tank t is provided to store unevaporated water w of the spray water m sprayed inside these aspirators A ₁ and A ₂ . That is, the primary aspirator _A1 sprays the separated water drawn from the water separator S through the suction line s into the evaporator V, and the secondary aspirator
_A2 serves to re-spray and circulate unevaporated water W drawn from the storage tank t through the suction line _s1 into the evaporator V. Further, a tertiary aspirator A ₃ similar to that in the conventional system is provided on the upstream side of the cooling line b ₁ of the heat exchanger H, and this aspirator A ₃
A suction line _s2 for unevaporated water W is provided at a suitable water surface level position on the side of the suction port of the evaporator V and the storage tank t of the evaporator V. This tertiary aspirator _A3 operates only when the amount of unevaporated water W in the storage tank t increases and there is a risk of overflowing to the cooling line _b1 side of the heat exchanger H.

In addition, these aspirators A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ are
Both of them are operated using high-pressure bleed air taken in from the above-mentioned branch line j as their driving gas, and the details of their internal structure are shown in Figure 3, in which a suction pipe s _P of spray water is connected. It is sufficient to use a small and lightweight device with a simple structure in which an orifice O is inserted near the tip of the nozzle A (aspirator main body).

If the separated water cooling and reuse system having the above configuration is adopted, first of all, the water separated and recovered by the water separator S is interposed in the upstream bleed air line A ₂ through which the high temperature bleed air is distributed. Evaporator V
Then, fine particles are continuously sprayed from the orifice o of the primary aspirator _A1 by the atomizing effect using high-pressure bleed air as the driving gas.
Then, the spray water m sprayed into the evaporator V directly takes away the latent heat of vaporization from the high temperature bleed air at the heat transfer surface ht with the bleed air line _a2 , and evaporates. In other words,
Compared to the conventional case where the cooling air of the heat exchanger H is cooled by spraying, most of the latent heat of vaporization taken away by the spray water m contributes to cooling the high temperature bleed air, and therefore very high cooling efficiency is achieved. This is why it is demonstrated. Secondly, the water in the evaporator V is not only sprayed sequentially from the water directly sucked from the water separator S as in the conventional method.
Even under conditions where the evaporation efficiency is poor, for example when operating at a low temperature, all the water that cannot be evaporated in the evaporator V is stored in the storage tank t on the downstream side, and is completely removed by the secondary aspirator A ₂ . Since the water is circulated and sprayed repeatedly until it evaporates, all of the water separated by the water separator S can be effectively used to absorb the latent heat of vaporization from the high-temperature bleed air. Therefore, as a result of the combination of these first and second effects, an air conditioner incorporating this system can effectively cover the cooling loss lost due to condensation of water evaporation from the bleed air, and the original This allows the cooling capacity to be recovered to its maximum.

In addition, in this system, if unevaporated water W accumulates in the storage tank t of the evaporator V in excess of the specified amount, the tertiary aspirator A ₃ attached to the heat exchanger H becomes effective as described above. The system effectively avoids problems with the evaporator V, and at the same time contributes to cooling the bleed air using the same principle as the conventional system, so the water separated and collected by the water separator S is not wasted. Therefore, all of the cooling capacity is always effectively used to restore the cooling capacity.

On the other hand, when looking at this system from the perspective of equipment configuration, compared to existing systems, the only new thing required is an evaporator V, which has a simple structure and a storage tank t for storing water on the downstream side, and an attached evaporator V. The aspirators A ₁ , A ₂ , and A ₃ can be very simple ones that use part of the high-pressure bleed air in the bleed line A ₂ as a driving gas to be injected from their respective orifices O, so they are suitable for aircraft use. From the point of view of an air conditioner, there is almost no increase in size or complexity of structure that would impede its installation.

Although one embodiment has been described in detail above, the air conditioner to which the present invention is applied is not necessarily limited to those for aircraft, and may include the basic device configuration described above.
It can generally be used in air conditioners whose cooling capacity is reduced due to dehumidification of condensed water during cooling on the turbine side.

[Effects of the invention] As described above, the present invention is a cooling system that utilizes the latent heat of vaporization of separated water to recover from the problem of reduced cooling capacity that inevitably occurs with the generation of condensed water in air conditioners. As a reuse system, this is a small, lightweight, and high-performance reuse system that can reuse separated water with much higher efficiency than conventional systems, and does not make the air conditioner as a whole bulky, heavy, or structurally complex. This is what we were able to provide.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a system schematic diagram of a separated water reuse system showing an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is the first
It is a schematic diagram showing details of the next k part. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the structure of the aspirator shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a system outline diagram showing a conventional system. C... Compressor, T... Turbine, H...
Heat exchanger, S...Water separator, V...Evaporator, _A1 ...Primary aspirator, _A2 ...Secondary aspirator, _A3 ...Tertiary aspirator, A...
Aspirator body, o...orifice, sp...suction pipe, t...storage tank, s, s ₁ , s ₂ ...suction pipe, j
... High pressure bleed air branch line, a ₁ , a ₂ , a ₃ ...
Bleeding line, b ₁ ... Cooling line, b ₂ , b ₃ ... Bypass line, m ... Spray water, W ... Unevaporated water, ht
...Heat transfer surface.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In the air conditioner, in which extracted air adiabatically compressed by a compressor is precooled by a heat exchanger through which cooling air flows, it is adiabatically expanded and cooled by a turbine, and condensed water in the extracted air is separated by a water separator. and an evaporator that removes latent heat of vaporization from the bleed air and evaporates the spray water in the bleed air line between the bleed air and the turbine,
The evaporator was provided with an aspirator for spraying the water separated by the water separator, a storage tank for storing unevaporated water in the evaporator, and an aspirator for re-spraying the unevaporated water in the storage tank. A system for cooling and reusing separated water in an air conditioner, characterized by: