JPH0423646Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention substantially blocks the transmission of infrared rays, has a large heat retention ability, is excellent in waterproofness and moisture permeability, and has excellent dimensional stability. Regarding the laminated sheets that are also well-endowed. [Conventional techniques and their problems] Construction methods for laying heat insulating materials on the walls, ceilings, or under floors of houses are known. However, in the conventional method of simply laying a heat insulating material between pillars and covering both sides with exterior and interior panels, the following problems occur during the cold season. That is, during the cold season, the amount of steam (humidity) inside the room due to heating is significantly higher than that of the outside air or under the floor. For this reason, steam from inside the room passes through the walls and floor and flows out to the outside. When this flowing steam reaches low-temperature areas, such as inside walls or under floors, it condenses and becomes water, which wets the insulation and wood, reducing the performance of the insulation and causing the wood to rot. . For this reason, there is a construction method in which a moisture-proof sheet such as a polyethylene sheet is interposed between the heat insulating material and the interior panel to prevent indoor steam from leaking outside. However, even if such a construction method is used, it is not possible to completely prevent dew condensation due to leakage from the joints of the moisture-proof sheet or the parts where it is fixed to the pillars, and because the sheet itself is not completely moisture-proof. Moreover, due to construction problems, it is impossible to completely lay the insulation material in the gap, and since gaps will always occur in the insulation layer, warm air will escape through these gaps. On the other hand, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-45849, a construction method has also been proposed in which a ventilation passage is provided between the heat insulating material and the exterior plate. This is an attempt to prevent dew condensation by allowing the steam flowing from the room to travel through the ventilation path and continuously flow out to the outside. However, this construction method results in warm air flowing outside along with steam from the room, resulting in a decrease in insulation. Further, even if the above two methods are combined, it is possible to prevent condensation, but it is not possible to prevent the deterioration of insulation properties due to the dispersion of warm air. Therefore, the applicant proposed a technique for laminating a laminate of nonwoven fabric and polyvinyl alcohol film on the exterior side of the heat insulating material as a windproof layer to prevent condensation, and attempted to solve the above problems. However, even with this method, rain may fall during construction before the exterior material is installed, or even after the exterior material has been installed, rain may seep into the laminated sheet from the gaps and wet the laminated sheet. It has been found that if this state continues for a long time, water in excess of the water absorption limit of polyvinyl alcohol will migrate to the heat insulating material, which may reduce the heat insulating performance. [Problems to be solved by the invention] The purpose of the invention is to provide resistance to rainwater and heat insulation properties in the above-mentioned insulation wall construction method using a laminated sheet of nonwoven fabric and polyvinyl alcohol film. The purpose is to provide a laminated sheet that does not deteriorate, has high heat retention ability, is excellent in waterproofness and moisture permeability, and
The purpose is to provide a laminated sheet that is also endowed with dimensional stability. [Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention provides a laminate sheet comprising a laminate made of a nonwoven fabric and a polyvinyl alcohol film, and at least one side of the laminate is waterproofed to the extent that moisture permeability is not impaired. Regarding. [Function, effect] The polyvinyl alcohol resin used in the present invention includes polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal derived from polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl formal, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl benzal, and furthermore, chemically removing a part of the hydroxyl groups of polyvinyl alcohol. These are so-called modified polyvinyl alcohols that have been modified or reacted with. Polyvinyl alcohol is usually produced by saponifying polyvinyl acetate obtained by polymerizing vinyl acetate, but it can also be produced by saponifying polyvinyl trifluoroacetate, polyvinyl formate, polyvinyl benzoate, etc. You can get it even if you twist it. Furthermore, by saponifying a copolymer of vinyl acetate and another vinyl monomer, a copolymer containing vinyl alcohol polymerized units, that is, a polyvinyl alcohol copolymer can be obtained. These polyvinyl alcohol copolymers and their acetalized products,
Modified products may also be used in the present invention. Vinyl monomers that can be copolymerized with vinyl acetate and can therefore be used as constituent components of polyvinyl alcohol copolymers include ethylene, vinyl fluoride, vinyl chloride, styrene, methyl methacrylate, versatility vinyl ester, lauryl vinyl ether, Examples include olefin sulfonic acid (salt). A polyvinyl alcohol resin containing all of the above-mentioned polymer compounds is useful for the purpose of the present invention, but in order to obtain a film with sufficient infrared opacity, the molar fraction of vinyl alcohol polymerized units in the polymer must be adjusted. It is desirable that it be 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more. In other words, polyvinyl alcohol resins containing 30 mol% or more of vinyl alcohol units have a large number of alcoholic hydroxyl groups in their molecules, so they exhibit strong absorption in the infrared region, especially in the 8-12 μm wavelength range, which is important for heat retention. It has a mode of molecular motion.
A polyvinyl alcohol resin having 30% or more of vinyl alcohol units has a remarkable ability to emit infrared rays from the resin itself at the same temperature, and although it is transparent, it has a radiation system number close to that of a perfect black body. Therefore, it has a great ability to radiate the infrared energy that has been absorbed into the room again as infrared rays, and therefore has high heat retention properties. Furthermore, since polyvinyl alcohol resin is aggregated by strong intermolecular forces including hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl groups in the molecules, its coating also has excellent mechanical properties. Furthermore, when molding polyvinyl alcohol resin into a film, a small proportion of additives such as ultraviolet absorbers, coloring pigments, fillers, deterioration inhibitors, plasticizers, and other resin components can be added. Furthermore, in the case of a resin component that can be mixed with the polyvinyl alcohol resin, it is also possible to form a blend film depending on the purpose. The nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric made of fibers made of polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, and pocamides such as nylon 66. In the present invention, spunbond nonwoven fabrics are particularly suitable from the viewpoint of balance between flexibility and strength. The nonwoven fabric and the polyvinyl alcohol film can be laminated by a known method such as a casting method or a lamination method. In particular, the laminated sheet of the present invention can be suitably applied by heat-treating one side of the nonwoven fabric and applying a polyvinyl alcohol film or film-like material to the other side in a hydrated and heat-softened state, or by using an adhesive. This is a method of crimping and joining. According to this method, a laminated sheet that is free from fuzz, has excellent mechanical strength, and has excellent heat retention properties can be obtained. In addition, in the case of this invention, the nonwoven fabric has a basis weight of approximately 15 to 200.
The best effect is obtained when ^the polyvinyl alcohol film has a thickness of about 5 to 60μ ^, preferably 10 to 25μ. The above-mentioned laminated sheet has excellent moisture permeability, heat retention, and air permeability to some extent, but is poor in waterproofness. Therefore, in the present invention, at least one side of the laminated sheet is waterproofed so as not to impair moisture permeability. Such waterproofing treatments include commercially available waterproofing agents such as paraffin-based metal soaps, silicone-based waterproofing agents,
This can be done by applying a zirconium-based waterproofing agent or a fluorine-based waterproofing agent using a sprayer, roll coater, or the like. Waterproofing without impairing moisture permeability depends on the basis weight of the base laminated sheet, especially the nonwoven fabric, and the size of the constituent fibers, but in most cases the solid content of the waterproofing agent is 0.05 to 5g/
m ² , especially by applying the coating to a range of 0.03 to 1 g/m ² . As mentioned above, an example of the application of the laminated sheet of the present invention is the windbreak layer of the insulation wall construction method. That is, the second
As shown in the figure, the laminated sheet 12 of the present invention, the heat insulating material 13, and the moisture-proof A seat 14 and an interior panel 15 are provided in sequence, and an exterior panel 16 is provided on the outside.
and the support member 11.
The upper and lower ends of 7 are communicated with the outside air. With this configuration, (1) Steam (humidity) leaking from the room is forcibly transferred to the outside through the air passage with ventilation holes, so that the amount of steam inside the insulation wall is the same as the outside environment;
As a result, dew condensation is prevented, reducing the performance of the insulation material and preventing wood from corroding. (3) Since the waterproof surface faces outward, even if rainwater comes into contact with the laminated sheet, it is hardly absorbed into the sheet. As a result, the absorbed water further migrates to the insulation material side and does not deteriorate the insulation performance. Further, other application examples of the laminated sheet of the present invention include agricultural covering materials and sheets constituting simple silos. Example Polypropylene was blended with an ultraviolet absorber, and continuous fibers with a fineness of 8 denier were melt-spun using the spunbond method to obtain a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 40 g/m ² . This nonwoven fabric was passed between an embossing roll heated to 160°C and a nylon roll, and spot bonding was applied to one side of the fabric to suppress the occurrence of fuzz. On the other hand, a 20% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol was cast into a film through a slit onto a heating roll.
The rough fiber side opposite to the heat-treated side of the previous nonwoven fabric sheet was placed on top of that, and the sheet was dried with hot air while lightly pressurized with a roll. Thereafter, it was brought into contact with a heating roll at 110°C to undergo heat treatment. In the obtained laminate, one side of the nonwoven fabric was heat embossed, and the other side had a polyvinyl alcohol film layer formed at a rate of 25 g/m ² with penetration into the fiber gaps. . Next, an emulsion of a silicone waterproofing agent (main component methylhydrodiene polysiloxane) is applied to the nonwoven fabric side of the laminated sheet using a roll coater so that the solid content is 0.5 g/m ² .
Thereafter, it was heat-treated by contacting it with a heating roll at 160°C. In this way, a laminated sheet as shown in FIG. 1 was obtained. Moisture permeability of the obtained laminated sheet (JIS Z 0208,
Table 1 shows the air permeability (JIS P 8117), and the contact angle with water (as measured by a goniometer-type Elma contact angle measuring device). In addition, Table 1 shows a comparative example that was not subjected to waterproofing treatment. 【table】

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of a laminated sheet according to the present invention. In this drawing, reference numeral 1 indicates a nonwoven fabric sheet, 2 indicates a heat-treated surface thereof, 3 indicates a rough fiber surface opposite thereto, 4 indicates a polyvinyl alcohol film layer, and 5 indicates a waterproof layer. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an application example of the laminated sheet of the present invention. In this drawing, reference numeral 11 is a support member for a heat insulating material, 12 is a laminated sheet, 13 is a heat insulating material, 14 is a moisture-proof sheet, 15 is an interior board, 16 is an exterior board, and 17
18 indicates an air passage, and 18 indicates a column.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A laminate sheet characterized by a laminate made of a nonwoven fabric and a polyvinyl alcohol film, and at least one side of the laminate is waterproofed to the extent that moisture permeability is not impaired. (2) The laminate sheet according to claim 1, wherein the laminate is a nonwoven fabric whose one surface is heat-treated and a polyvinyl alcohol film is laminated on the other surface. (3) The waterproofing treatment is performed by coating the surface with a waterproofing agent selected from paraffin metal soap, silicone waterproofing agent, zirconium waterproofing agent, and fluorine waterproofing agent. Or the laminated sheet according to item 2. (4) A sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3 of the utility model registration claims for use as a windproof layer of a heat insulating wall.