JPS5825066Y2 - Composite plate building material - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] The present invention relates to the structure of composite plate-shaped building materials.

More specifically, the first layer is made of a moisture-permeable flexible sheet-like reinforcing material, and the flexible layer is made of gypsum trihydrate or an inorganic powder and fibrous material mainly composed of gypsum trihydrate and a small amount of a water-resistant binder. a second layer having moisture absorption and desorption properties;
A third layer made of a nonflammable sheet-like material, a fourth layer made of a flexible material having heat insulating properties, and a fifth layer made of a thin metal plate.
Boldability, fire retardancy, and
This invention relates to the structure of composite plate-shaped building materials that have excellent heat insulation properties, anti-condensation properties, water resistance, aesthetic appearance, and are easy to handle.

In recent years, roofing and wall materials have been used that are made by combining thin metal plates with various types of heat insulating materials and bending them into appropriate shapes.

In the field of roofing materials, a plate-shaped material has traditionally been used in which a thin metal layer is combined with a foam layer of an organic material such as polyethylene foam or flexible polyurethane foam.

However, when the thickness of the foam layer is set to a thickness that allows for heat insulation, there is a drawback that the fire protection performance decreases.

In addition, plate-shaped building materials made by combining thin metal plates with inorganic insulation materials such as rock wool, asbestos, or glass fiber have excellent fire retardant properties, but they cannot be bent mechanically using folding rollers. Furthermore, the surface smoothness is poor, and the fields in which it can be used are limited.

On the other hand, in the field of wall materials (metal siding), composites of rigid polyurethane foam and thin metal plates have poor fire resistance.
Composites with gypsum board have insufficient water resistance, are heavy, and lack ease of handling.

As mentioned above, currently the bending processability, fireproofing properties, insulation properties,
Composite construction materials that are perfect in terms of anti-condensation, water resistance, etc. have not yet been used.

As a result of various studies in order to obtain a building material that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, the inventors of the present invention have developed a first layer consisting of a moisture-permeable flexible sheet-like reinforcing material, and a three-layer structure as shown in Figure 1. A second layer having flexibility and moisture absorption/release properties made of gypsum or an inorganic powder and fibrous material mainly composed of gypsum and a small amount of a water-resistant binder, and a third layer made of a noncombustible sheet material. They came up with a composite plate-shaped building material in which a fourth layer made of a flexible material with heat insulating properties and a fifth layer made of a thin metal plate are laminated in order, and is particularly suitable for use in cold regions. It has excellent heat insulation properties and is also fireproof, anti-condensation, and water resistant, and has a surface smoothness sufficient for construction, and has an aesthetically pleasing appearance that is easy to fold into sheets using rollers, etc. The present invention provides a composite plate-shaped building material that is easy to handle.

The moisture-permeable flexible sheet-like reinforcing material that constitutes the first layer of the composite plate-like building material of the present invention has sufficient strength to withstand handling during folding and construction, and is suitable for interior surface materials and the second layer. Any flexible sheet material can be used as long as it has a surface strength and aesthetic appearance that can be used as a protective material, but paper, nonwoven fabric, net, cloth, various films, etc. are preferably used.

If it is an organic material, it is preferable to make it as thin as possible or to have it subjected to flame retardant treatment so as not to reduce its fire resistance.

Examples of trihydrate gypsum used as a material for the flexible and moisture absorbing/releasing layer that constitutes the second layer of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention include natural gypsum, phosphoric acid by-product gypsum, titanium by-product gypsum, and flue gas desulfurization by-product gypsum. Those obtained by any of the manufacturing methods can be used, and furthermore, inorganic substances such as calcium carbonate, clay, aluminum hydroxide, perlite, shirasu balloons, and hollow glass can be substituted for a part of the trihydrate gypsum.

Fibrous materials include inorganic fibers such as rock wool, asbestos, and glass fibers, as well as vinylon, nylon,
Organic fibrous materials such as polyester can also be used.

Examples of water-resistant binders include thermoplastic polymer emulsions, such as emulsions of homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl monomers such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, and acrylic esters, as well as polyvinyl alcohol,
Synthetic or natural water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene oxide, polyacrylic acid sorter, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, and casein are mainly used alone or in combination.

In addition, when water resistance is particularly required for the product, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned emulsion, and when using a water-soluble polymer, use an appropriate crosslinking agent for the polymer, such as titanyl sulfate for polyvinyl alcohol-based polymers. A metal compound that can form a complex with the polymer, such as phate, zirconium acid chloride, potassium titanium oxalate, etc., is used in combination.

Furthermore, an inorganic binder such as water glass may be used together with these organic water-resistant binders for the purpose of improving fire resistance.

The non-combustible sheet material constituting the third layer of the composite plate-like building material of the present invention will cause deformation or cracks in the second layer if the flexible material with insulation properties of the fourth layer is thermally deformed or melted in the event of a fire. It is a composite material for the purpose of preventing flames from occurring and blocking flames.
Examples include glass fibers, glass nets, glass cloth, rock wool sheets, asbeth paper, and aluminum foil.

It is preferable to use a material that is as thin as possible from the viewpoint of ease of handling and bending processability of the obtained composite plate-shaped building material.

The flexible material with heat insulating properties constituting the fourth layer of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention may be in the form of organic or inorganic foam, nonwoven fabric, paper, etc., and may be a commercially available material with flexibility and heat insulating properties. A wide range of materials can be used.

Examples include polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, glass mat, asbestos mat, etc.

As the thin metal plate constituting the fifth layer of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention, a wide variety of commercially available flexible thin metal plate materials such as aluminum plates, stainless steel plates, and iron plates can be used. From the viewpoints of bending workability, product cost, and handling, it is preferable to use a material with a thickness of 2 mm or less.

Furthermore, it is effective to combine the thickness of each constituent layer of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention into a configuration such that the thermal transmission coefficient is 4 or less, preferably 2 or less, and such a composite plate-shaped building material has a heat insulation effect. Even if it is a thick material with excellent fire resistance, it has fireproof performance that is at least quasi-incombustible, and it also has flexibility that allows it to be folded into sheets using a roller.

The composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention will be explained below with reference to drawings.

Figure 1 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view in the thickness direction of the composite plate-like building material of the present invention, where 1 is the first layer made of a moisture-permeable flexible sheet-like reinforcing material, and 2 is trihydrate gypsum or its main layer. A second layer consisting of a flexible and moisture-absorbing and moisture-absorbing sheet made of inorganic powder and fibrous material as ingredients and a small amount of a water-resistant binder, 3 a third layer consisting of a nonflammable sheet material, 4
5 indicates a fourth layer made of a flexible material having heat insulating properties, and 5 indicates a fifth layer made of a thin metal plate.

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention after it has been folded into a roofing material for a building. The thin metal plate 5 becomes the interior material, and the thin metal plate 5 becomes the exterior material.2.
The middle layer of 3.4 serves as a heat insulating material.

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention after it has been folded into a wall material (siding) for a building.
The portion of the moisture-permeable flexible reinforcing material 1 will be used as an interior material, and the thin metal plate 5 will be used as an exterior material.2, 3.
The middle layer of No. 4 serves as a heat insulating material.

The composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, as follows.

That is, first, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion is selected as the binder component, and the moisture content is adjusted to an appropriate concentration, and then trihydrate, fibrous substances, additives, etc. are mixed and stirred. A slurry of stock solution is prepared by sequentially adding the solution.

After defoaming or regulating the foam, the stock slurry is poured onto a noncombustible sheet material spread on a carrier sheet, and a moisture permeable flexible sheet reinforcing material is placed on top of the nonflammable sheet material and dried.

If the flexible sheet-like reinforcing material is non-moisture permeable, it is bonded with adhesive after drying.

The obtained sheet layer having flexibility and moisture absorption/desorption properties, the flexible material having heat insulation properties, and the thin metal plate are integrated into a composite body using a conventional adhesive or by thermocompression bonding to form the object of the present invention. be able to.

In particular, in the case of wall materials, etc., a composite of a thin metal plate and a heat insulating material, which have been formed into an appropriate shape in advance, is further combined with a flexible sheet-like reinforcing material and a sheet 1 that has flexibility and moisture absorption and desorption properties.
It is also possible to produce a composite building material with a smooth interior surface by laminating a composite sheet of layers and a noncombustible sheet material.

The composite plate-shaped building material of this invention is a material that can be used as a flat plate or folded into various shapes such as roof type, deck type, and wave type, and can be used as roofing material, wall material, flooring material, and ceiling material for both interior and exterior purposes. It can be used as a polyethylene foam or polyurethane foam pasting material that has been used in the past, and it can improve the fire retardant properties, and it can also improve the folding processability of inorganic insulation materials and gypsum boat pasting materials. Moreover, it can be used as a material with an aesthetic appearance.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view in the thickness direction of the composite plate-like building material of the present invention, where 1 is a moisture-permeable flexible sheet-like reinforcing material, and 2 is trihydrate gypsum or an inorganic powder whose main component is trihydrate. 3 is a non-flammable sheet material; 4 is a layer made of a flexible material having heat insulating properties;
indicates a thin metal plate. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention after it has been folded into a roof type as a roofing material for a building. FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the composite plate-shaped building material of the present invention after it has been subjected to site-in-geitive folding processing as a wall material for a building.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A first layer consisting of a moisture-permeable flexible sheet reinforcement (
b) Gypsum trihydrate or inorganic powder containing it as the main component,
(b) A second layer having flexibility and moisture absorbing and releasing properties, which is composed of a fibrous substance and (c) a small amount of a water-resistant binder;
A composite plate-shaped building material in which a third layer made of a noncombustible sheet material, a fourth layer made of a flexible material having heat insulating properties, and a fifth layer made of a thin metal plate are laminated in this order.