JPH0422533B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Industrial Application Field" The present invention relates to a feeding stimulant for shellfish and a feed that increases the feed intake of shellfish and promotes their growth.

``Prior art'' Since the establishment of the global 200 nautical mile fishing rights, our country, which has benefited greatly from fisheries resources, has been forced to operate within 200 nautical miles of other countries, and naturally the fishery resources obtained there are Costs are increasing year by year due to regulations on fishing season, catch amount, and payment of fishing fees.

In view of this fact, the catch of inshore surface fish and farmed fish is increasing year by year. For this reason, large amounts of raw bait and fishmeal used for nearshore surface fish and farmed fish are administered, and the uneaten bait settles on the ocean floor, which is a source of contamination on the continent and needs countermeasures. Furthermore, a decrease in the effective utilization rate of feed leads to a decrease in the growth rate of farmed fish, leading to an increase in costs.

For this reason, in the current aquaculture industry, which uses fishmeal and live feed from pelagic and inshore fish, improvements in feed composition to increase so-called feed efficiency, in which normal or higher growth can be achieved with less feed, and live feed are needed. It is desired to develop an alternative feed that maintains the same feed efficiency as compound feeds using fishmeal, etc.

As part of such research, there have been reports on feeding stimulants that stimulate fish's sense of smell and taste to induce them to eat food. Glutamine is known as a representative example, but at present, no significant effects can be obtained with so-called mixed feeds that are mixed with feed.

Therefore, the present inventors measured the effect of stimulating fish feeding on various substances, and as a result, found that some substances showed excellent feeding stimulating effects, and have already applied for a patent (Patent Application (See No. 61-291889, Japanese Patent Application No. 62-23210).

By the way, in recent years, not only fish but also
Shellfish farming is also actively carried out, and there is a desire for feed that can be obtained at low cost and has high feed efficiency. However, at present, almost no research has been conducted on substances that stimulate feeding in shellfish.

``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art described above, and its purpose is to improve the feed efficiency of shellfish by stimulating the sense of taste and smell of shellfish. The purpose is to provide feeding stimulants and feeds.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' The feeding stimulant for shellfish according to the present invention includes dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, diethyl disulfide, dipropyl disulfide, dibutyl disulfide, and diallyl disulfide. , propyl octyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfite, dimethyl sulfate, dimethyl sulfon, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfon, diethyl sulfoxide, dipropylsulfoxide, methyl-(3-methylthio)-propanoate, 3- Methylthiopropanoic acid, 3
-Mercaptopropanol acid, 3-methylthiopropanol, 3-methylthiopropyamine, 3-methylthiopropanal, carboxyethyldimethylsulfonium, carboxypropyldimethylsulfonium, carboxydimethyldimethylsulfonium, carboxybutyldimethylsulfonium It is characterized by consisting of at least one selected from onium and salts thereof.

Moreover, the feed for shellfish according to the present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned feeding stimulating substance is added.

Furthermore, as this feed, one obtained by adding a solution containing 10 ⁻¹⁰ to ^{10 −1} M of the above-mentioned feeding stimulant substance is more preferable.

"Effect" It was confirmed that the above-mentioned feeding stimulant has the effect of stimulating the taste and smell of shellfish and increasing the appetite of shellfish, as shown in the experimental examples described below. Therefore, by adding this feeding stimulant, feed efficiency in shellfish cultivation etc. can be increased. Furthermore, even with alternative feeds that are available at low cost, it is possible to maintain feed efficiency equivalent to mixed feeds using raw bait, fishmeal, etc.

The feeding stimulant of the present invention has the effect of increasing the feeding amount of shellfish and promoting their growth when added to various feeds such as synthetic feeds, semi-natural feeds, and completely natural feeds. This effect is observed in all kinds of shellfish such as turban shells, abalones, oysters, scallops, red shells, pearl oysters, clams, oyster shells, and cypress shellfish.

The feed of the present invention is characterized by the addition of the above-mentioned feeding stimulant, and base feeds include synthetic feeds, semi-natural feeds, completely natural feeds, etc.
Either can be adopted.

The method of adding the feeding stimulant is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to prepare by adding, for example, a solution containing 10 ⁻¹⁰ to ^{10 −1} M of the feeding stimulant. In this case, if the concentration of the feeding stimulant in the solution is less than 10 ^-10 M, the feeding stimulating effect on shellfish will not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 10 ^-1 M, odor will be generated and the effect will be reduced. Tend. More preferably, it is prepared by adding the above solution to feed raw materials and kneading them.

"Embodiments of the Invention" (1) Experimental Method and Apparatus FIG. 1 shows the apparatus used in the experiment on the feeding stimulation effect. To explain this device, seawater 2 is stored in a water tank 1. A pump 3 is provided at the top of the water tank 1, and a suction pipe 4 connected to the pump 3 extends into the water tank 1. The suction pipe 4 sucks the seawater 2 in the aquarium 1 from its lower end when the pump 3 is activated, and sends the seawater 2 through the introduction pipe 5 to the first filtration tank 6 installed at the upper part of the aquarium 1 . A perforated plate shelf 20 is installed in the first filtration tank 6, and the seawater 2 flows through the space above this shelf 20 from the right side to the left side in the figure, passing through the holes in the shelf 20 in the process. and gradually drip downward. A filter glass cotton 7 and an activated carbon layer 8 are arranged below the shelf 20.
The seawater 2 dripping from the tank passes through these filtering materials, is purified, and flows to the left in the figure at the bottom of the first filtering tank 6. A second filtration tank 9 is provided at a seawater outlet portion formed on the left side of the filtration tank 6 in the drawing, and a second filtration tank 9 is also filled with filter glass cotton 7. Therefore, the seawater 2 flows through the tank 1 → suction pipe 4 → introduction pipe 5 → first filtration tank 6 → second filtration tank 9 →
It circulates in the order of tank 1 and is always kept clean. Furthermore, a heater 10 is installed in the water tank 1 to keep the temperature of the seawater 2 at an appropriate temperature. Furthermore, there is an air stone 11 in the aquarium 1.
is installed, and air is introduced from the ventilation pipe 12 by an air pump (not shown) to send bubbles into the seawater 2. 13 is the turban shell (parent shell) used in the experiment.

FIG. 2 shows how to prepare the samples used in the experiment. At the bottom of a cylindrical steel container 14 with an inner diameter of 10 cm, a lead disk 15 with a diameter of 9 cm and a thickness of 1.5 mm and a filter paper 16 with a diameter of 9 cm are placed one on top of the other. On the filter paper 16, 2 ml of distilled water or a test solution to be used in the experiment is applied dropwise and uniformly in concentric circles. Gently pour 60 ml of 2% agar solution that has been cooled to 50°C over the top and immediately solidify with ice. After that, take out the lead disk 15 and
Sample 17 as shown in the figure was prepared. This sample 17 is made by laminating a lead disk 15, a filter paper 16 impregnated with distilled water or a test liquid, and solidified agar 18. The test solution used was a substance to be tested dissolved in distilled water at a concentration of 10mM (10 ^-2 M).

Six turban shells (parent shellfish) 13 were stocked into aquarium 1 and reared. Then, the sample 17 prepared as described above was submerged in the bottom of the water tank 1 and left overnight, and its condition was observed. Please note that during the exam,
In order to prevent the test substance from quickly eluting into the seawater 2, the introduction of air into the aquarium 1 using the air stone 11 was stopped.

The results were evaluated as follows. That is, 1...No change at all, 2...Agar 18 is considerably broken, 3...Agar 18 is considerably broken and filter paper 16 is torn, 4...Agar 18
was completely destroyed, and the filter paper 16 was also eaten away.

(2) Test substance The above-mentioned feeding stimulant of the present invention was used as the test substance. For comparison, a sample containing only distilled water was also tested in the same manner.

(3) Experimental results (test solution) (evaluation) ● Distilled water 1 ● Dimethyl sulfide 2 ● Diethyl sulfide 2 ● Dipropyl sulfide 3 ● Dibutyl sulfide 2 ● Dimethyl disulfide 2 ● Diethyl disulfide 2 ●Dipropyl disulfide 3 ●Dibutyl disulfide 2 ●Diallyl sulfide 2 ●Diallyl disulfide 2 ●Propylallyl sulfide 2 ●Propyloctyl sulfide 2 ●Dimethyl sulfite 2 ●Dimethyl sulfate 2 ● Dimethyl sulfon 3 ● Dimethyl sulfoxide 3 ● Diethyl sulfon 3 ● Diethyl sulfoxide 3 ● Dipropylsulfoxide 3 ● Methyl-(3-methylthio)-propanoate
2 ●2-mercapto-acetate acid 2 ●3-methylthiopropanol acid 2 ●3-mercaptopropanol acid 2 ●3-methylthiopropanol 2 ●3-methylthiopropyamine 2 ●3-methylthiopropanal 2 ● Carboxymethyldimethylsulfonium (dimethyltetin) 4 ●Carboxyethyldimethylsulfonium (dimethyl-β-propiotetin) 4 ●Carboxypropyldimethylsulfonium
3 ●Carboxydimethyldimethylsulfonium
3 ●Carboxybutyldimethylsulfonium 3 Similar experiments were conducted with salts of these compounds, with similar results.

For reference, FIG. 4 shows the state of Sample 17 prepared using only distilled water after being left overnight. In this way, Agar 18 remained completely unchanged and no change was observed.

Further, FIG. 5 shows the state of Sample 17 prepared using carboxyethyldimethylsulfonium (dimethyl-β-propiotetin) after being left overnight. In this way, the agar 18 was completely broken down and fragments could be seen here and there, and the filter paper 16 was almost gone, with only about 1/4 of it being held down by one turban shell 13. . Afterwards, only the lead disk 15 was exposed.

From these results, the feeding stimulant of the present invention is
It can be seen that both have a feeding stimulating effect on shellfish. Among these substances, dipropyl sulfide, dipropyl disulfide, dimethyl sulfon, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethyl sulfon, diethyl sulfoxide, dipropylsulfoxide, carboxymethyl dimethyl sulfonium (dimethyltetin) ), carboxyethyldimethylsulfonium (dimethyl-β-propiotetin), carboxypropyldimethylsulfonium, carboxydimethyldimethylsulfonium, and carboxybutyldimethylsulfonium have excellent feeding stimulation effects, Among them, carboxymethyldimethylsulfonium (dimethyltetin) and carboxyethyldimethylsulfonium (dimethyl-β-propiotetin) were found to have the most excellent effects.

Furthermore, the feeding stimulation effects of these substances were observed not only in turban shells but also in other shellfish such as abalone and oysters.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a feeding stimulant that stimulates the taste and smell of shellfish and increases their appetite. Furthermore, by adding this feeding stimulant to various feeds, it is possible to increase the feed intake, promote the growth of shellfish, and improve feed efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of the apparatus used in the experiment on feeding stimulation effects, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the sample preparation method, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the sample, and Figure 4 is a diagram using only distilled water. Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a sample prepared using carboxyethyldimethylsulfonium (dimethyl-β-propiotetin) was left overnight. . In the figure, 1 is a water tank, 2 is seawater, 3 is a pump, 4 is a suction pipe, 5 is an introduction pipe, 6 is a first filtration tank, 7 is filter glass cotton, 8 is an activated carbon layer, 9 is a second filtration tank, 10
is a heater, 11 is an air stone, 12 is a ventilation pipe, 13 is a turban shell, 14 is a cylindrical container, 15 is a lead disk, 16 is a filter paper, 17 is a sample, 18 is agar,
20 is a shelf.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, diethyl disulfide, dipropyl disulfide, dibutyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, propyl octyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfite, dimethyl sulfide 8, dimethyl sulfon, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethylsulfon, diethyl sulfoxide, dipropylsulfoxide, methyl-(3-methylthio)-propanoate, 3-methylthiopropanoic acid, 3-mercaptopropanoic acid , 3-methylthiopropanol, 3-methylthiopropyamine, 3-methylthiopropanal,
A feeding stimulant for shellfish, comprising at least one selected from carboxyethyldimethylsulfonium, carboxypropyldimethylsulfonium, carboxydimethyldimethylsulfonium, carboxybutyldimethylsulfonium, and salts thereof. . 2. A feed for shellfish, characterized in that the feeding stimulant substance according to claim 1 is added. 3. The feeding stimulant according to claim 1 at 10 ^-10 ~
Claim 2 obtained by adding a solution containing 10 ^-1 M
Feed for listed shellfish.