JPH0419327A - Pressure wave type supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform the optimal control for the title supercharger according to the engine speed and load by providing a means for adjusting the phase of rotary valves attached on both sides of a casing constituting the supercharger. CONSTITUTION:The title supercharger is provided with a cylindrical casing 21, which contains a plurality of cells 23 defined by partitioned walls 22. An exhaust side and intake side jackets 24 and 25 are juxtaposed to each other at the opening portions of both sides of the casing 21. A rotary valves 31 and 32 are disposed rotatably on both sides of the casing 21. The rotary valves 31 and 32 are fixed on drive shafts 40 and 34, respectively. The electric power is transmitted to the drive shaft 34. Helical spline shafts 41 and 42 are fixed on the drive shafts 34 and 40, and are engaged with internal splines within a moving sleeve 34. By moving the moving sleeve 43 by a control rod 44, it is possible to adjust the phase of the rotary valves 31 and 32.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pressure wave supercharger, and more particularly to a pressure wave supercharger that compresses intake air using exhaust pressure to perform supercharging. Summary of the Invention: The phase of the rotary valves installed on both sides of the casing of a pressure wave supercharger can be adjusted, and the propagation of pressure waves can be carried out at the best timing depending on the engine speed and load. This is what I decided to do. K conventional technology] Inside! ! Pressure wave superchargers are used for supercharging engines, especially diesel engines. In a pressure wave supercharger, the inside of a cylindrical casing is divided into multiple cells along the circumferential direction, and rotary valves are placed on both sides of the casing, and the exhaust gas pressure is controlled through the opening of one rotary valve. By introducing waves into the cell, the intake air introduced into the cell through the opening of the other rotary valve is compressed, thereby supercharging.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In conventional pressure wave superchargers, a rotary valve is fixed on a drive shaft that passes through the center of the casing in the axial direction, and the rotary valves on both sides are connected to a common They are rotated synchronously by a drive shaft. In other words, since the opening and closing timings of the rotary valve on the exhaust side and the rotary valve on the intake side are fixed, the rotational phases of the two types of rotary valves can be mutually optimized depending on the engine speed and load. The problem was that it was not possible. The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a pressure wave supercharger in which the mutual phase of rotary valves installed on both sides of a casing can be adjusted. This is the purpose. Means for Solving Problem K] The present invention divides the inside of a cylindrical casing into a plurality of cells in the circumferential direction, and includes a jacket at both ends of the casing through which exhaust gas passes and a jacket through which intake air passes. in the pressure wave supercharger, in which a rotary valve is installed so as to open and close the openings at both ends of the casing, and the rotary valve is rotated in synchronization with the crankshaft of the engine. A phase adjustment means is provided for adjusting the phase of the rotary valves attached to both sides of the casing. [K Effect] Therefore, the mutual phase of the rotary valves attached to both sides of the casing can be adjusted to the best timing according to the engine condition, that is, the rotation speed and load, by the above-mentioned phase adjustment means.

【Example】

FIG. 2 shows a diesel engine equipped with a pressure wave supercharger according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a piston 11 is slidably disposed in a cylinder 10 of the engine. The piston 11 is connected to a connecting rod 13 by a piston pin 12, and the connecting rod 13
The lower end side of is connected to the crankshaft 14. The upper space of the cylinder 10 is communicated with an intake port 15 and an exhaust port 16, respectively. The opening and closing of the intake port 15 and the exhaust port 16 are controlled by an intake valve 17 and an exhaust valve 18, respectively. Next, the pressure wave type supercharger attached to this engine will be explained. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 1, this pressure wave type supercharger is equipped with a cylindrical casing 21. The inside of the casing 21 is divided into a plurality of sections in the circumferential direction by a partition wall 22, and each section constitutes a cell 23. Further, an exhaust side jacket 24 and an intake side jacket 25 are connected to the openings on both sides of the casing 21, respectively. And exhaust side jacket 2
4 has an exhaust gas introduction pipe 26 inserted therein. The exhaust gas introduction pipe 26 is connected to the exhaust port 16 via an exhaust pipe 27. On the other hand, an intake exhaust pipe 28 is inserted into the intake side jacket 25, and this intake exhaust pipe 28 is connected to the intake port 15 via an intake pipe 29. Rotary valves 31, 32 are rotatably disposed on both sides of the casing 21 and at the connection with the jacket 24, 25. These rotary valves 31, 32 are provided with openings 33 by which the cells 2
3 is filled with exhaust gas or intake air. Further, the rotary valve 32 on the intake side is fixed to a drive shaft 34, as shown in FIG. And this drive shaft 3
A pulley 35 is attached to the crankshaft 14, and power is transmitted via a belt 37 and a pulley 36 attached to the crankshaft 14 (see FIG. 2). On the other hand, the rotary valve 31 on the opposite side, that is, on the exhaust side, is fixed to the drive shaft 40 as shown in FIG. Helical spline shafts 41 and 42 are fixed to the drive shaft 34 and the drive shaft 40, respectively. Helical splines are formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of these spline shafts 41 and 42 in opposite directions. Furthermore, these helical splines are engaged with one spline formed on the inner circumferential surface of the movable sleeve 43. A control rod 44 for moving the movable sleeve 43 on the outer circumferential side extends so as to protrude toward the outer circumferential side of the casing 21.
3 in the axial direction. In the above configuration, atmospheric air introduced from an air cleaner (not shown) is introduced into the cells 23 of the casing 21 through the intake side jacket 25 of the pressure wave supercharger shown in FIG. Then, pressure is applied within the cell 23, and the intake valve 1
7 is opened, the air is introduced into the cylinder 10 through the intake exhaust pipe 28, two intake pipes, and the intake port 15. The intake air introduced into the cylinder 10 is compressed by the piston 11 and has a temperature of ai & temperature, and the fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle 53 is ignited by this heat. When the exhaust valve 18 is opened, the exhaust gas generated by combustion passes through the exhaust port 16, the exhaust pipe 27, and the exhaust gas introduction pipe 26 to the cell 2 of the casing 21 of the pressure wave supercharger.
3, where the intake air is compressed and then discharged through the jacket 24. The principle of this pressure wave supercharger will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows the cells 23 inside the casing 21 expanded in the circumferential direction, and shows the cells 23 extending in the horizontal direction.
3 is a rotary valve 31.3 that moves downward sequentially.
It is made to function by 2. It is assumed that the uppermost cell 23 is filled with the atmosphere. When the rotary valve 31 on the exhaust side now connects the exhaust gas introduction pipe 26 and the cell 23, a pressure wave 1 is generated at the right end of the cell and moves to the left. At this time, the intake air is compressed. The space occupied by the compressed air on the backside of the pressure wave is reduced and forms a path for the driving medium, ie the exhaust gas. Therefore, the exhaust gas flows into the cell as shown by the dotted line in FIG. This dotted line is called a particle trajectory and indicates the boundary between two types of media, that is, intake air and exhaust gas. This line will also indicate the movement of the initial high pressure gas particles introduced into the cell 23. When the pressure wave 1 reaches the left end, the passage consisting of this cell 23 is opened by the rotary valve 32 and the air intake/exhaust pipe 28 is opened.
receives compressed air. The opening of the rotary valve 32 is sized such that for the same mass flow rate, the higher pressure gas produces a lower output velocity. The deceleration of the gas is thus induced at the left end, resulting in a pressure wave 2 that is propagated to the right. This result cell 2
The pressurized air AHP remaining in 3 will now have a higher pressure than the driving gas. When the pressure wave 2 reaches the right end, the G-HP passage 26 closes. This forces the flow to face a closed wall. expanding wave 3
occurs at the edge, separating the fluid on the right, which no longer has momentum and has expanded slightly, from the fluid on the left, which is still moving. When the pressure wave 3 reaches the left side, A-HP 28 also closes. The entire volume of gas within the cell 23 then becomes stationary. It must be noted here that the first gas particles do not reach the air outlet. While the cells 23 are moving relatively sequentially downward in FIG. 3, the jacket 24, which provides a wide and low pressure gas passage, is opened by the rotary valve 31 at the right end. The volume of cell 23 has a higher pressure than G-LP 24 and therefore expands into jacket 24. This motion will be roughly transmitted as a new expansion wave 4. This pressure wave 4 propagates to the left at the speed of sound and finally reaches the left end and the edge of the passage A-LP. At this point, air is drawn into the cell 23. The flow to the right gradually reduces its speed. This is the rotary valve 31.3 at both ends of the casing 21.
This is because there is a drop in pressure at point 2. When the dotted line reaches the right end of the cell 23, all the driving gas leaves and some excess air follows. These air will be exhausted from inside the cell. When both ends of the cell 23 are closed again at the stage of the pressure wave 9, the initial state will be restored. In this way, a series of supercharging operations are performed. Next, the phase adjustment operation of the rotary valves 31 and 32, which are made to open and close both sides of the cell 23 of the casing 21, will be explained. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the drive shaft 34 is driven by the engine via a pulley 35, a belt 37, and a pulley 36. By driving this drive shaft 34, the left rotary valve 32 is directly rotationally driven. On the other hand, the rotary valve 31 on the right side is driven by a drive shaft 34 via a helical spline shaft 41, a moving sleeve 43, a helical spline shaft 42, and a drive shaft 40. By moving the control rod 44 left and right, the phase between the helical spline shafts 41 and 42 changes. Therefore, this allows the phase of the rotary valve 31 to be adjusted relative to the rotary valve 32. In this way, the pressure wave supercharger according to this embodiment has a phase control means consisting of a helical spline shaft 41, 42 and a moving sleeve 43 between the rotary valve 31 on the exhaust side and the rotary valve 32 on the intake side. It was designed to be provided. Therefore, via the control rod 44, the sleeve 43
By moving the pair of rotary valves 31
．． 321!1 phase can be adjusted arbitrarily. Therefore, by moving the control rod 44 via the actuator according to the engine speed and load,
By controlling the phases of the rotary valves 31 and 32 at optimal timing, it becomes possible to perform supercharging effectively. Next, the phase adjustment mechanism of the second embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the rotary valve 32 on the left side is directly attached to the drive shaft 34, and the rotary valve 31 on the right side is coupled to the hollow drive shaft 40. On the outside of the jacket 24, the drive shaft 34 and the drive shaft 40 each have a hercal spline shaft 41.4.
2 is attached, and these helical spline shafts 41 and 42 are engaged with the sleeve 43. By moving the sleeve 43 in the axial direction by the actuator 47, the phases of the two a-tary valves 31 and 32 are adjusted. Therefore, even with such a configuration, the phase of the pair of rotary valves 31 and 32 can be arbitrarily adjusted by the phase adjustment means consisting of a helical spline. Moreover, the actuator 47 can be adjusted depending on the state of the engine.
By controlling the pressure wave supercharger using an electronic control device, it becomes possible to adjust the phase of the pressure wave supercharger by electronic control. FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment. In this embodiment, the rotary valve 32 on the left side is fixed to a drive shaft 34, and the rotary valve 31 on the right side is fixed to a drive shaft 40. Helical spline shafts 41.42 are attached to these drive shafts 34.40. Furthermore, a movable sleeve 43 is fitted onto these helical spline shafts 41, 42. A gear 48 is attached to the helical spline shaft 41, and this gear 48 is driven by a motor 50 via a gear 49. Therefore, in this case, the motor 50 controls the valves 31 and 32 at a predetermined timing without obtaining driving force from the engine crankshaft.
By rotationally driving the , the timing is adjusted. Next, a fourth embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the left and right rotary valves 31,32 are independently driven by motors 50,51 via drive shafts 40,34.
These motors 50.51
It is designed to be rotated by. and valve 3
A rotational phase of 1.32 is adapted to be detected by phase detectors 55,56. The outputs of the phase detectors 55 and 56 are supplied to the controller 52, and the controller 52 controls the rotational speed and rotational phase of the motors 50 and 51. Therefore, according to such a configuration, the rotary valves 31.3 on both sides can be used without using a helical spline type phase adjustment mechanism.
2 phase can be adjusted arbitrarily. K Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention is provided with phase adjustment means for adjusting the phase of the rotary valves attached to both sides of the casing constituting the pressure wave supercharger. Therefore, it is possible to adjust the phase of the pair of rotary valves by such a phase adjustment means, and it is possible to control the engine to an optimum state depending on the engine speed and load.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the main parts of a pressure wave supercharger according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main parts of an engine using this pressure wave supercharger, and FIG. The figure is an exploded front view of the pressure wave supercharger, FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the main part of the pressure wave supercharger of the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 is the pressure wave supercharger of the third embodiment. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a pressure wave supercharger according to a fourth embodiment. The names of the main parts in the drawings are as follows. 21...Casing 23...Cell 24...Exhaust side jacket 25...Intake side jacket 26...Exhaust gas introduction pipe 28...Intake exhaust Pipe 31.32...Rotary valve 34.40...Drive shaft 41.42...Helical spline shaft 43...Movement sleeve 44...Control rod

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The inside of the cylindrical casing is divided into a plurality of cells in the circumferential direction, and a jacket through which exhaust gas passes and a jacket through which intake air passes are provided at both ends of the casing, and openings at both ends of the casing. In a pressure wave supercharger in which a rotary valve is attached to cover the casing so as to be openable and closable, and the rotary valve is rotated in synchronization with the crankshaft of the engine, the phase of the rotary valves attached to both sides of the casing is A pressure wave supercharger characterized in that it is provided with a phase adjustment means for adjusting.