JPH04180853A - Consistent treatment machine for garbage crushing, grinding and dehydrating - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To separate a liquid component and a solid component with high efficiency by automatically and consistently crushing, grinding and dehydrating intermittently charged garbage by providing a crusher, a grinder and a dehydrator. CONSTITUTION:A hopper 1a, a spline shaft 11b, the pulley 1d externally fitted to the spline shaft 1b in a freely slidable manner and the drive means 1e thereof, a rotary cutter 1c, a spline pipe shaft 1f, a stirring arm 1k, a pulley 1g and the drive means 1h thereof and a cylinder 11 are provided to a crusher 1. A grinding screw 3b, a perforated plate 3d and a grinding blade 3e are arranged to a grinder 3. Further, a centrifugal dehydrating cylinder 4a and a dehydrating screw 4c are provided to a dehydrator 4. As a result, intermittently charged garbage is continuously, automatically and consistently crushed, ground and dehydrated and a liquid component and a solid component can be separated with high efficiency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a kitchen waste processing machine configured to automatically process kitchen waste by coarsely crushing it, pulverizing it finely, and centrifugally dewatering it.

[Conventional technology]

As urban life becomes more crowded, the difficulty of disposing of kitchen waste increases.
The development of quick and safe automatic processing machines has become a social demand.

One of the technologies introduced from foreign countries is the conversion of kitchen waste into slurry. His idea is to crush kitchen waste into a slurry or suspension and discharge it into the sewage system along with a large amount of water.

However, the reality is that sewage treatment in megacities has reached the limits of its processing capacity and is becoming a social problem. There is a tendency for water departments to enact ordinances and regulate water supply.

Against this background, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 53-155781 and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 63-7100 concerning the automatic processing of kitchen waste were published.
The technique described in Publication No. 1 is publicly known.

Utility Model Application Publication No. 53-155781 attempts to separate liquid components from slurry-formed kitchen waste and slurry-formed waste documents, etc., and a vertical U-shaped wedge wire screen is installed in the slurry liquid input section. An enclosed liquid separation processing chamber is provided, and a rotating screen cylinder communicating with this processing chamber and having a large number of dehydration holes in its peripheral wall is installed on the solid material delivery side, and the processing chamber and rotating screen cylinder are connected to each other. A screw conveyor is installed through the rotary screen cylinder 5 so as to be close to the inner surface thereof and to rotate relative thereto, and a brush-like cleaning device is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary screen cylinder 5 in pressure contact with the outer periphery thereof. The rotating screen is installed along the entire length of the cylinder.

In addition, the garbage processing device disclosed in JP-A No. 63-71001 is
Requires equipment for processing food waste generated at home or commercial kitchens to be equipped with a mechanism that can store, crush, dehydrate, and back process general food waste in a sink or other location. However, the means for storing, crushing, dehydrating, and puncture treatment are not specifically disclosed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When attempting to apply the slurry liquid separation and dewatering device described in the above-mentioned Utility Model Application Publication No. 53-155781 to kitchen waste treatment, the kitchen waste is crushed into a slurry or suspension as a preparatory treatment. It must be mixed with water and made into a slurry.

Except for cases where the solid recovered material has economic value, such as discarded documents, it is truly wasteful to spend the cost of turning something that would be thrown away like kitchen waste into slurry.

It is no exaggeration to say that this is a social and national loss, considering that the total amount of waste to be processed is huge, on the order of 100 million tons.

b. Turning kitchen waste into a slurry according to the technical meaning of the term requires a great deal of cost and effort, and it is extremely difficult to separate solid and liquid from this slurry, resulting in severe clogging of filters. , maintenance effort is considerable.

C. In short, it is hard to imagine that turning this into a slurry during kitchen waste treatment would be practical unless it is transported in the slurry state.

d. This known technical document does not mention turning kitchen waste into a slurry, and the kitchen waste cannot be processed unless a separate slurry forming device is installed.

There are problems such as.

In addition, the garbage processing device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-71001 is
It only describes aspirational ideas regarding the disposal of food waste, and does not disclose the content as a specific technical document, so we cannot expect it to be of practical use.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is capable of automatically and continuously processing kitchen waste that is intermittently inputted, and pulverizing it to appropriate fineness without having to separately separate water. do,
The purpose is to provide an integrated device that can separate solids and liquids.

[Means to solve the problem]

The processing machine of the present invention created to achieve the above object is characterized by comprising a crushing device, a crushing device, and a dewatering device each configured as follows.

That is, the above-mentioned crushing device includes a hopper into which kitchen waste, which is the material to be processed, is input and discharged downward, and a hopper that is vertically disposed within the hopper and is supported so as to be rotatable around an axis and slidable in the axial direction. a spline shaft fitted externally to the spline shaft, a pulley or a gear and its driving means slidably fitted onto the spline shaft, a rotary cutter fixed to the lower end of the spline shaft, and a shaft fitted externally onto the spline shaft. a spline tube shaft supported to be rotatable around the center and slidable in the axial direction; a stirring arm fixed to the spline tube shaft;
The crushing device is equipped with a pulley or a gear slidably fitted onto the spline tube shaft, a drive means therefor, and a means for driving the spline shaft up and down in the axial direction. , a crushing screw disposed below the crushing section to feed the crushed kitchen waste in a horizontal direction; and a perforated plate fixedly installed perpendicular to the conveyance direction of the crushing section kitchen waste sent by the crushing screw. , and a plurality of radial crushing blades arranged adjacent to the perforated plate and fixed to and rotating on a rotating shaft concentric with the crushing screw; A horizontal cylindrical centrifugal dewatering cylinder into which the crushed kitchen waste that has passed through the perforated plate is fed; It is equipped with a rotating dehydration screw.

[Effect]

According to the kitchen waste crushing, pulverizing, and page processing machine configured as described above, the kitchen waste fed into the hopper of the crushing device is crushed relatively coarsely by the rotary cutter, and is then dropped into the crushing device for the next process. It can be done. At this time, among the kitchen waste in the hopper, only the kitchen waste around the rotary cutter is crushed and falls, and the kitchen waste above the rotary cutter is crushed against the rotary cutter and becomes clogged so that it does not fall down (a phenomenon called ``shelf hanging''). However, by moving the rotary cutter up and down, rotating the stirring arm, and moving it up and down while rotating, the food waste in the hopper is crushed and falls.

The crushing screw of the crushing device, into which the kitchen waste from the crushing section is fed in this way, sends the roughly crushed kitchen waste by screw action and forces it into the holes of the perforated plate.

Kitchen waste stuck with its head stuck in a hole in a perforated plate (
The crushed pieces 1 are divided by a crushing blade rotating adjacent thereto.

Of the separated kitchen waste, the part inside the holes in the perforated plate is pushed out downstream (pushed by the following kitchen waste), and the part outside the holes in the perforated plate is stirred by the crushing blade and pushed out into the subsequent kitchen waste. (being pushed forward by the crushing screw), a part of it enters the holes of the perforated plate again, and this process is repeated to make it into a fine powder.
Pass through a perforated plate.

The minute pieces of kitchen waste that have passed through the perforated plate are sent to a centrifugal dehydrator.

The dehydration screw in the centrifugal dehydration cylinder does not itself perform dehydration, but is a member for transporting the kitchen waste (in a crushed state) to be dehydrated, and rotates at a higher speed than the centrifugal dehydration cylinder. Therefore, the screw feed action is performed at a rotational speed corresponding to the difference, and the centrifugally dehydrated kitchen waste is sent out from the centrifugal dehydrator.

As described above, the crushing, crushing, and dewatering of kitchen waste are consistently and automatically performed.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of an integrated processing machine according to the present invention, and is a schematic side sectional view.

The outline of its configuration consists of a crushing device 1, a crushing device 3, and a dewatering device 4.

Kitchen waste, which is the object to be processed, is put into the hopper 1a as indicated by arrow a.

A spline shaft 1b is vertically disposed concentrically with the hopper and is supported rotatably and slidably in the vertical direction.

A rotary cutter IC is fixed to the lower end of the spline shaft 1b and is located near the discharge port of the hopper la, and the upper end of the spline shaft 1b is connected to the cylinder device 1j via a joint 15, and is vertically connected to the cylinder device 1j. Driven.

Further, a pulley Id having a spline hole is fitted onto the spline shaft 1b, and is rotationally driven by the motor 1e. When carrying out the present invention, the above pulley 1d
A receiving gear can also be used instead.

A spline tube shaft 1f is externally fitted onto the spline shaft 1b and supported so as to be rotatable and slidable up and down. In the present invention, the spline tube shaft refers to a straight tube provided with a male spline on its outer peripheral surface.

A stirring arm is fixedly fixed to protrude radially from the spline tube shaft 1f, and a pulley 1g having a spline hole is fitted onto the spline tube shaft 1f, and is rotationally driven by a motor 1h.

Kitchen waste thrown into the hopper 1a as indicated by arrow a is crushed by the rotary cutter 1c and falls.

If the kitchen waste is clogged in the hopper Ia and does not fall properly, the kitchen waste will fall under its own weight by rotating the stirring arm 1k.

If the kitchen waste does not descend smoothly just by rotating the stirring arm lk, by moving the stirring arm and the rotary cutter 1c up and down with the cylinder lj, the kitchen waste in the hopper 1a will fall one after another, and the food waste in the hopper will fall. The housing 3a of the crusher 3 is crushed by the rotary cutter 1c near the outlet of the crusher 1a.
Inlet port 3. -1 and is supplied.

A crushing screw 3b is installed horizontally within the housing 3a of the crushing device 3, and is driven to rotate via a pulley 3c, sending crushed kitchen waste falling in the direction of the arrow C in the direction of arrow C.

A perforated plate 3d is fixedly supported perpendicular to arrow C, and kitchen waste (not shown) sent in the direction of arrow C is pushed into the holes.

A radial crushing blade 3e is arranged adjacent to the perforated plate 3d and rotates together with the crushing screw 3b. This crushing blade 3 cuts and separates the remaining portion of the porous plate 3d that has not completely entered the hole, and repeats this process to crush it into small pieces.

A centrifugal dewatering cylinder 4a made of a perforated plate is arranged at a position to receive the kitchen waste crushed as described above and sent out as indicated by the arrow d, and is rotated at high speed via a tube +J 4 b.

A dewatering screw 4c is supported in parallel within the centrifugal dewatering cylinder 4a and is rotationally driven via a pulley 4d. The dewatering screw 4c of this example is rotated in the same direction as the centrifugal dewatering cylinder 4a at a higher speed than this, and sends the kitchen waste being dehydrated in the direction of arrow e.

The kitchen waste is centrifugally dehydrated while moving in the direction of arrow e, and is discharged as shown by arrow f.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically depicting a cross section taken along the plane ■-■ shown in FIG.

The outer diameter of the dewatering screw 4c is smaller than the inner diameter of the centrifugal dewatering cylinder 4a. And the dehydration screw 4
c is almost in contact with the bottom surface of the centrifugal dehydration cylinder 4a. As a result, kitchen waste located near the bottom of the centrifugal dewatering cylinder 4a is fed relatively quickly, and kitchen waste located far away is relatively slow, reducing the average screw feed speed and lengthening the residence time in the dewatering cylinder, resulting in dewatering. The effect is enhanced.

Reference numerals 4 and -1 denote through holes bored in the cylindrical surface of the centrifugal dewatering cylinder 4a, and a rotating brush 5 is provided for cleaning the through holes.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the integrated kitchen waste processing machine of the present invention, the kitchen waste that is intermittently inputted is continuously and automatically crushed, crushed, and dehydrated in a consistent manner, and liquid components and solid components are separated with high efficiency. This makes a huge contribution to kitchen waste disposal.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side sectional view showing one embodiment of a kitchen waste crushing, crushing, dewatering, and page processing machine according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically depicting a cross section taken along the plane ■-■ shown in FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Crushing device, 1a... Hopper, 1b... Spline shaft, lc-rotary cutter, 1d... Pulley, 1e... Motor, 1f... Spline shaft tube, 1
g...Pulley, 1h...Motor, 11...Joint, 1j...Cylinder, 3...Crushing device, 3a...
...Housing, 3b...Crushing screw, 3c...
・Pulley, 3d...Perforated plate, 3e...Crushing blade, 4-river dewatering device, 4a-river centrifugal dehydrator, 4b...Pulley, 4c
... Dewatering screw, 4d... Pulley, 5...
rotating brush.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. a hopper into which kitchen waste, which is a material to be processed, is fed and discharged downward; a spline shaft disposed vertically within the hopper and supported so as to be rotatable around the axis and slidable in the axial direction; and the spline. A pulley or gear and its driving means are fitted on the outside of the spline shaft so as to be slidable thereon, a rotary cutter is fixed to the lower end of the spline shaft, and the shaft is fitted on the outside of the spline shaft and is rotatable around the axis. A spline tube shaft supported so as to be slidable in the center direction, a stirring arm fixed to the spline tube shaft, a pulley or gear fitted externally so as to be slidable on the spline tube shaft, and its driving means. and means for driving the spline shaft up and down in the axial direction; a crushing screw disposed below the crushing section to feed the crushed kitchen waste in a horizontal direction; a perforated plate fixedly installed perpendicular to the transport direction of the crushed kitchen waste sent by the perforated plate, and a plurality of radial plates arranged adjacent to the perforated plate and fixed to a rotating shaft concentric with the crushing screw to rotate. a pulverizer equipped with a pulverizing blade; a horizontal cylindrical centrifugal dewatering cylinder into which the pulverized kitchen waste that has been pulverized by the pulverizing blade and passed through a perforated plate is fed; Crushing of kitchen waste, characterized in that it comprises a dewatering device equipped with a dewatering screw arranged in parallel and rotating at a higher speed than the centrifugal dehydrator.
Grinding, dehydration, integrated processing machine.