JPH04179421A - Artificial fish reef and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance attracting and growth promoting actions on fishes by respectively specifying pipes and the material of the concrete surface of an artificial reef prepared by bundling plural pipes, exteriorly finishing and consolidating the pipes with concrete. CONSTITUTION:Pipes (p) are constructed by thinly coating the inner surface of a formed body from a kneaded material of tourmaline (g) and oyster shell powder with the tourmaline (g) and sintering the coated pipes. The plural pipes (p) are bundled and exteriorly finished and consolidated with concrete 5 and a ceramic layer 6 is provided on the surfaces thereof. The resultant pipes are sunk to the sea bottom, etc.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an artificial fish reef that creates a habitat for fish on the seabed or the bottom of a lake, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[Conventional technology] Various artificial reefs have been proposed so far.

Pyramid-shaped or other shaped structures made of reinforced concrete have been proposed.

In addition, the above-mentioned reinforced concrete moldings do not adapt well to the sea, so this should be corrected (artificial fish reefs with ceramic sintered or thermally sprayed bodies on the surface (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-1323
No. 21) has been proposed. The purpose is to quickly collect various plankton, promote the colonization of seaweed and other underwater creatures, and through these activities improve the ability to attract hornets.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] Further developing the above-mentioned latter purpose, and going beyond this,
The purpose of the present invention is to obtain an artificial fish reef that can enhance the attracting effect of the species and also promote their growth, and to establish a manufacturing method that can easily and reliably manufacture the artificial fish reef.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a ceramic pipe with a ceramic material,
A thin layer of tourmaline is further applied to the inner surface of the pipe body, which is a molded product of a mixture of tourmaline and oyster shell powder, and a sintered structure is formed, and a plurality of the above ceramic pipes are bundled and externally consolidated with concrete. The surface of the concrete is an artificial reef coated with ceramic powder. Second, a rectangular metal form with many small holes is laid on the forming table, and molding is performed along the edge of the rectangular metal form. A frame with a height corresponding to the thickness of the ceramic pipe is arranged, and a kneaded product of ceramic material powder prepared by adding powders of tourmaline and oyster shell and adding water and kneading is placed on the frame. A thin layer of tourmaline powder added with an adhesive that will be burnt out during the sintering process is applied to the top surface of the kneaded product.Then, the frame is removed, and the kneaded product is sandwiched between the kneaded products. Preferably, a metal foam similar to the metal foam described above is placed on top of the metal foam.
Then, the upper and lower metal forms are joined at the edges, and the joined upper and lower metal forms are further wound around a cylindrical forming mandrel so that the surface on which the tourmaline powder of the kneaded product is thinly applied is on the inside. , and joining both ends of the kneaded product, thus forming the kneaded product into a pipe shape,
Subsequently, it is pre-dried as it is, and then the molded mandrel and two metal forms are removed to take out the pipe-shaped kneaded product, and then the pipe-shaped kneaded product is charged into a sintering device and sintered at 900°C or less. After sintering at high temperature, multiple pieces of the obtained ceramic pipes are bundled together, then concrete is covered and hardened, and ceramic powder mixed with adhesive is sprayed onto the outer surface of the covered concrete. This is a method of manufacturing an artificial reef by coating.

The second artificial reef can be manufactured, for example, by the second artificial reef manufacturing method.

The oyster shell is suitably powdered by baking at about 500°C. The oyster shell is expected to have an adhesion effect for animals and phytoplankton, and is also expected to elute calcium, which is especially essential for young fish.

The tourmaline is a crystalline mineral called tourmaline.
It is basically a silicate mineral containing boron. It belongs to the three- or hexagonal-heteropolar antagonal image family and exhibits a vertically asymmetrical anti-opolar image. The chemical formula of a typical one is as follows.

3 (NaXJls (Box) m516010 (
OHIIFI 41 (X = Mg, Fe, Li, etc.) It shows a variety of colors depending on the type of X contained, and there are colors such as red, yellow, green, blue, purple, brown, and black. The specific gravity is 3.
Hardness of 1 to 3.2 degrees is 7.0 to 7.5 on the Mohs scale, which is slightly harder than quartz.

In addition to the two electrical properties of piezoelectricity and pyroelectricity, tourmaline has "permanent electrodes" corresponding to the permanent magnetic poles in a permanent magnet. This permanent electrode will not be lost even if the tourmaline is crushed into small pieces.

By applying this tourmaline to the ceramic pipe, it can be expected to stimulate the magnetic sense that fishes are presumed to have and attract them.

Above: It is preferable that the self-ceramic pipe is sufficiently porous from the surface to the inside.

The ceramic powder coated on the surface of the concrete to which the bundle of ceramic pipes is externally fixed is expected not only to attract fish but also to protect the concrete.

[Function] According to the aspect of the present invention, if this artificial fish reef is sunk in a desired seabed, etc., the internal space of the many bundled ceramic pipes becomes an escape space for fish, and the porous ceramic pipe Plankton species are also attracted to the water. The adhesion of plankton is also enhanced by oyster shells. Furthermore, the calcium contained in the ceramic pipe is eluted, and this serves as a nutrient for young fish, thereby attracting them. In addition, attracting the plankton has the effect of attracting even more fish. In addition, the action of tourmaline stimulates the magnetic sense of fish and strengthens its attraction to fish.

The ceramic pipe is sintered at 900° C. or lower in order not to destroy the crystal structure of tourmaline, and is somewhat brittle, but this is sufficiently reinforced by being covered with concrete. On the other hand, since the concrete is coated with ceramic powder, the entire artificial reef, including the properties and functions of the ceramic pipe, has a structure that is very compatible with the conditions of a natural seabed or lakebed.

Furthermore, the ceramic powder coated on the concrete also has a protective effect on the concrete from the destructive chemical action of seawater on the seabed.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, in particular, it is possible to easily manufacture the porous ceramic pipe that is a component of the artificial reef, and as a result, it is possible to easily manufacture the above-mentioned artificial reef with good quality. be.

[Embodiments] The second and second embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

First of all, Kasumigaura bottom sludge is pulverized (baked).
, deep sandstone (granite), tourmaline and oyster shell (fired treated 8F), ■Kasumigaura bottom sludge (treated): 58% ■Plutonic sand (deep granite): 30% ■Tourmaline
Mix 5% of oyster shells and mix with water to form a kneaded material S.

Note that the Kasumigaura bottom sludge and deep sandstone (granite) mentioned above correspond to ceramic materials. Regarding the components of the Kasumigaura bottom sludge (burned), the converted values Y before and after treatment are as follows (%):

SiOx A11as Fears CaOMgO2
o Burning loss X: 48 19.7 7.0 1.6 1.
16 1.49 17.3Y:59.624.4 8.
7 2.0 1.44 1.80 - Therefore, Kasumigaura bottom sludge can be effectively used as a ceramic material.

The oyster shell is baked at about 500°C and turned into powder.

Further, the proportions of the ceramic materials, tourmaline and oyster shells are not limited to those mentioned above, but desirable proportions are: ■ Kasumigaura bottom sludge: 55 to 62%, ■ Deep sandstone (granite) = 3
0%, ■ tourmaline: 5 to 10%, ■ oyster shell: 3 to 5%.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a rectangular sheet-like metal form 2a with a large number of small holes is placed on a wooden molding table l, and a metal foam 2a is placed on the metal form 2a along its edge. Place the rectangular frame 3.

The molding table 1 has a rough upper surface. Further, the dimensions of the metal form 2a are made to correspond to the diameter and length of the ceramic pipe p to be manufactured. That is, the horizontal dimension of the metal form 2a is made to be slightly more than 3.14 times the outer diameter of the ceramic pipe p, and the vertical dimension is made to be slightly more than the length of the ceramic pipe p. Here, we will manufacture a ceramic pipe p with length: 1000+am, outer diameter: 400mm, and thickness: 40I,
The dimensions of the metal form 2a are made to correspond to the above criteria. Further, the large number of small holes drilled in the metal form 2a are 2 ml and 11 to 5 mm through-holes on the front and back sides.

The height of the rectangular frame 3 is equal to the thickness of the ceramic pipe p to be manufactured, that is, 4oIIlffi.

Then, the kneaded material S is placed on the metal form 2a and stretched inside the rectangular frame 3 so that the upper surface of the kneaded material S as a whole almost matches the height of the upper surface of the rectangular frame 3. At this time, the kneaded material S is stretched using a piece of wood or the like with a rough surface so as not to crush the surface of the kneaded material S. The purpose of the metal foam 2a and the metal foam 2b described below is to roughen the front and back surfaces of the kneaded material S, which will become the inner and outer surfaces of the ceramic pipe p, to prevent crushing. The reason why the upper surface of the forming table 1 is made rough is for the same purpose, and is to prevent the tip of the kneaded material S overflowing through the small holes of the metal form 2a from being crushed.

Subsequently, tourmaline powder mixed with a synthetic resin adhesive that is burnt out in the sintering process described later is sprayed evenly onto the upper surface of the kneaded product. In this way, a thin tourmaline layer t is formed. Its thickness is approximately 1 to 3 mm.

Thereafter, the rectangular frame 3 is pulled upward and removed. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, a metal foam 2b having the same dimensions as the metal foam 2a is placed on the upper surface of the kneaded material S. The kneaded material S is sandwiched between the lower metal foam 2a and the upper metal foam 2b. Upper and lower metal forms 2b, 2a
are joined to each other at the edges.

After this, both lateral ends of the sandwich-like member made of the two metal forms 2a and 2b and the kneaded material S between them are
Each is cut diagonally in the direction shown by line 7.7 in FIG. 4, and then, as shown in FIG. Moisture is applied and the parts are bonded together by pressure. At this time, the tourmaline layer t is placed on the inside.

In this way, the kneaded material S is formed into a pipe shape. This winding is fixed by tying with a wire or the like, and the kneaded material S is pre-dried as it is. The above pre-drying is performed using the residual heat of the sintering furnace, and is approximately 60°C to 80°C.
Cure for at least 4 hours at a temperature of

After that, the molded mandrel 4 is extracted from the cylindrical sandwich-shaped member, and the metal form 2 on the front and back is further removed.
Remove a and 2b. In this way, a pre-dried pipe-shaped kneaded product is produced. This pipe-shaped kneaded material was then heated to 900°C.
Sinter as follows. The temperature of 900° C. is intended to prevent the tourmaline contained in the pipe-kneaded material from losing its crystal structure.

In this way, the ceramic pipe p is manufactured.

Next, the 19 ceramic pipes p, p, . In this example, as shown in FIG. 1, the exterior concrete 5 was applied so that the end faces were hexagonal. This is done by constructing a formwork using a general technique, placing the bundled ceramic pipes p, p, etc. in the formwork through spacers, and charging concrete.

Immediately after demolding, on the surface of the exterior concrete 5,
Spray ceramic powder mixed with synthetic resin adhesive,
A ceramic layer 6 having a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm is formed. After that, it is cured.

In this way, the artificial reef g is completed.

As can be understood from the above explanation, this artificial reef g is 1
It is made up of nine ceramic pipes p, p, etc. laid out on the east side and hardened into hexagonal ends with exterior concrete. As mentioned above, the ceramic pipes p, p... are made of ceramic material (ii. Gaura bottom sludge, deep sandstone (granite)).
, tourmaline and oyster shell are kneaded and shaped in the proportions mentioned above,
A tourmaline layer T is applied to the inner surface and sintered. Further, the exterior concrete 5 is provided with a ceramic layer 6.

The above-mentioned artificial reef g can be used by being sunk in a desired seabed or the like in the same way as general artificial reefs.

At this time, the space inside the ceramic pipes p, p... has a general effect such as becoming an escape space, and the porous nature of ceramics is suitable for plankton to live in.
This increase can be promoted. The plankton adhesion effect of the oyster shell also functions, and the attracting effect of plankton is extremely high.

The increase in plankton has the effect of attracting fish. The attraction effect is ceramic pipe p, p...
This is further enhanced by stimulating the senses of fish (Silver Award) due to the tourmaline layer applied to the inner surface of the body. Furthermore, even if the tourmaline layer t is gradually lost due to peeling, etc., the attracting effect of tourmaline will remain on the ceramic pipes p, p.
...is made to last by being mixed within it.

Moreover, the infrared rays of the ceramic pipe p%p... have a good effect on the growth of fish attracted thereto.

In addition, calcium components are eluted from the oyster shells in the ceramic pipes p, p, etc., resulting in good results for the growth of small negative parts.

Furthermore, since the ceramic layer 6 is formed on the surface of the exterior concrete 5, it is easy to adapt to the sea (and seaweed etc. easily adhere to the surface. Of course, it also has the effect of the ceramics described above at the same time. In addition, the surface of the exterior concrete 5 It also has the effect of protecting the skin from seawater.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the aspect of the present invention, it has a sufficient function as an artificial target reef, has a strong attracting effect to fish, and also has an effect of promoting the growth of fish. Furthermore, it is very easy to adapt to the sea as a whole, and seaweeds can easily attach to it. Also, it does not easily disintegrate with seawater.

Further, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the surface of the ceramic pipe, which is a component of the artificial reef, can be constructed without being dipped, and the structure can be constructed so as to take full advantage of its porous property.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the artificial reef of the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows a kneaded material on a metal form with a rectangular frame cut along the edges. 3 is a partially cutaway schematic plan view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a rectangular cross-section of the state shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the state in which the frame is removed and the metal foam is placed on the top surface of the kneaded material.
FIG. 2 is a schematic end view showing a state in which the kneaded material sandwiched between the metal forms shown in the figure is wound as it is around a forming mandrel. 1... Molding table, 2a, 2b... Metal form 3.
...Square frame, 4...Forming mandrel, 5...Exterior concrete, 6...Ceramics layer, 7...Wire, g...
Artificial fish reef, p...ceramic pipe, S...-kneaded material, t...tourmaline layer. Patent Applicant: Pioneer Industries Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Yukio Kibata Figure 1 p Figure 2 Figure 3 S ↑ Figure 4 'l'S2'a

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A ceramic pipe is constructed by sintering a pipe body which is a molded product of a kneaded mixture of a ceramic material, tourmaline, and oyster shell powder, and further applying a thin layer of tourmaline on the inner surface of the pipe body, and sintering a plurality of the above ceramics. This artificial reef is made by bundling pipes and solidifying them with concrete, and coating the surface of the concrete with ceramic powder. 2. Lay a rectangular metal form with a large number of small holes on the forming table, and place a frame with a height corresponding to the thickness of the ceramic pipe to be formed along the edge of the metal form. On top of this, a kneaded ceramic material powder to which tourmaline and oyster shell powders have been added and kneaded with water is placed up to the height of the frame, and on the top of the kneaded material, in the sintering process described below. A thin layer of tourmaline powder added with an adhesive that burns out is applied, then the frame is removed, and a metal foam similar to the metal foam is placed on top of it to sandwich the kneaded material.
Then, the upper and lower metal forms are joined at the edges, and the joined upper and lower metal forms are further wound around a cylindrical molding mandrel so that the side surface on which the tourmaline powder of the kneaded product is thinly applied is on the inside. , and joining both ends of the kneaded product, thus forming the kneaded product into a pipe shape,
Subsequently, it was pre-dried as it was, and then the molded mandrel and the two metal forms were removed to take out the pipe-shaped kneaded product, and then the pipe-shaped kneaded product was charged into a sintering device for 900 min.
Ceramic pipes are sintered at a sintering temperature below ℃, bundled together, covered with concrete and solidified, and then mixed with an adhesive on the outer surface of the covered concrete. A method of manufacturing an artificial reef by spraying powder.