JPH04156245A - Three-phase armature winding - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the automation of coil inserting work easier and to suppress the generation of an unbalanced exciting current by providing double layer windings by simultaneously inserting the windings of three phases as a set into slots by the number of times equal to the number of poles at the intervals of a particular quantity in electrical angle for windings of each phase. CONSTITUTION:Windings U1 to U4, V1 to V4 and W1 to W4 for each phase and each pole comprise q-concentrically-wound coils U11 to W44 or q-continuous coils corresponding to the number of slots of each pole and each phase. Where, q means the number of slots of each pole and each phase. Also, the windings U1 to W4 of each phase are mutually separated by ppi/3 in electrical angle; also, the windings for three-phase are made as a set and simultaneously inserted into slots at the number of times equal to the number of poles thereby being formed into double layer winding. Where, p means the number of poles. In the case shown in the drawings, the number of slots, q, for each pole and each phase is given by q=48/4X3=4. By doing this, automatic coil inserting work becomes possible; and inserting positional relation to the slots of each phase windings U1 to W4 becomes the same for each of U to W of each phase. Thus, winding impedance is balanced between three phases and the generation of unbalanced exciting current can be restricted.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a three-phase armature winding with integral slot winding.

(Prior Art) There are generally two types of winding methods for three-phase armature windings: lap winding and concentric winding.

Lap winding is constructed by sequentially stacking coils of the same shape and the same coil pitch and storing them in slots.

This has the advantage that each coil has the same shape and the winding resistance and leakage reactance of each phase are equal, so that the electrical characteristics of each phase are balanced. However, since coils of different phases are stored in two layers in all the slots, the coil insertion work cannot be automated and has to be done manually by an operator.

On the other hand, in the concentric winding, the windings of each phase and each pole are composed of a plurality of concentric winding coils having different coil pitches, and these are arranged concentrically with respect to the pole center. This method allows coils to be inserted into each winding using an automatic coil insertion machine called an inserter, and is widely used because of its excellent productivity. An example thereof is shown in FIG. The illustrated winding is a four-pole, rq-wound wire, and the coils of each phase are housed in slots for each phase, for example, in the order of U, V, and W phases. Therefore, the coil ends of each coil are arranged in the order of U phase, ■ phase, and W phase from the outer circumferential side, and each pole coil of each phase is within an angular range of about 90 degrees that divides the annular area surrounding the rotor into four equal parts. They are located sequentially. In the figure, the first to fourth poles of the U-phase coil are expressed as Ul-04, and the V-phase and W-phase are similarly expressed as Vl to V4 and W1 to W4.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the above configuration has the following problems.

(1) Since it is a single-layer winding in which one coil is housed in one slot, models with a large coil volume have difficulty inserting the coil, and it also becomes difficult to shape the coil end after insertion. This may increase the axial dimension or damage the coil surface. Therefore, it is necessary to make the slot insulator and the interphase insulator sufficiently thick in order to sufficiently withstand the coil end forming process.

(2) Since the coil ends of each phase are arranged in order in the radial direction for each phase, the length dimension of the coil ends is different for each phase. Therefore, the winding impedance of each phase becomes unbalanced due to the difference in winding resistance and leakage reactance, resulting in various electrical problems such as unbalanced excitation current. Furthermore, if the core dimensions are the same, the electrical characteristics are inferior to those of lap winding, and the amount of copper used is also greater.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a three-phase armature winding that exhibits coil insertability equivalent to that of a single-layer concentric winding, has excellent productivity, and has excellent electrical characteristics equivalent to a two-layer overlap winding. It is on offer.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The three-phase armature winding of the present invention has q concentric winding coils having different coil pitches or having the same coil pitch. Consists of q continuous coils located in sequentially adjacent slots (q is the number of slots for each pole and each phase).
, the @ lines of each phase are separated from each other by pπ/3 in electrical angle (P
is the number of poles), and the windings for three phases are inserted into the slots simultaneously as many times as the number of poles to form a double layer.

(Function) The winding of each pole and each phase has q equivalent to the number of slots of each pole and each phase.
Since it is composed of q concentric winding coils or q continuous coils, it becomes a double layered structure in which two coil sides are inserted into one slot. As a result, the cross-sectional area per 1m coil is half that of a single-layer concentric winding, making it possible to maintain good coil insertion even in models with a large coil volume, and making it easy to form the coil end after inserting the coil. Therefore, insulation defects on the coil surface are less likely to occur. In addition, since the three-phase coils are simultaneously inserted into the slots as many times as the number of poles to form a double layer, the coil insertion work can be automated, resulting in excellent productivity. Moreover, since the insertion position of each phase winding into the slot is the same for each phase, the winding impedance is balanced among the three phases, suppressing the generation of unbalanced excitation current, and reducing electrical problems. Characteristics improve.

(Embodiments) First Embodiment This embodiment employs a two-layer concentric winding having four poles and 48 slots, and will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Numbers 1 to 48 are slot numbers, U1 to U4j; LU phase first to fourth pole windings, Vl to v4 are V phase first to fourth pole windings.
, and Wl-W4 indicate the first to fourth pole windings of the W phase. In this example, the number of slots q for each pole and each phase is q−
It becomes 48/4x3-4.

The winding of each pole of each phase consists of four concentric winding coils Ull~U14°Vll~, which are equal to the number of slots q for each pole, as shown in FIG. 3 with only the first pole of each phase taken out. V14.
It is composed of Wll to W14. Since all phases are constructed based on the same principle, the U phase first pole winding Ul will be described in detail as follows: The first coil Ull has a coil pitch of 13 ranging from #1 to #14, and # A second coil U12 with a coil pitch of 11 ranging from #2 to #13, and an M3 coil υ with a coil pitch of 9 ranging from #3 to #12.
13, and a fourth coil U with a coil pitch of 7 ranging from #4 to #11.
It is composed of q (4) coils having different coil pitches from each other. Note that the symbol # is added to represent the slot number.

First pole winding U1 of each phase. V1. W1 is arranged so as to be located at the outermost periphery of the armature core, and is at an electrical angle of pπ/3 with respect to each other.
They are separated by 240”.

Also, on its inner circumference, there is a *2-pole winding U2 for each phase. V2.
W2 is arranged, and furthermore, the third pole winding U of each phase is arranged on its inner circumference.
3. V3. W3 is arranged, and the fourth pole winding U4 of each phase is arranged on the innermost circumference. V4. W4 are arranged, and the phase windings of each type are separated from each other by 240°, which corresponds to pπ/3 in electrical angle.

The state in which the coil groups constituting each of the above @ wires are housed in the slot will be described. In Figure 1, the two lines shown in each slot #1 to #48 indicate a two-layer winding in which two coil sides with different phases are housed in one slot. This means that the coil side shown on the left side is located at the bottom of the slot (on the outer periphery of the armature core), and the coil side shown on the left side is located at the top of the slot (on the inner periphery of the armature core). The positional relationship of all coils within the slot is shown in the following table. In the following table, "bottom" means that the coil side is stored at the bottom of the slot, and "top" means that the coil side is stored at the top of the slot. Therefore, "bottom-to-bottom" means that the coil is arranged so that both coil sides extend from the bottom of the slot to the bottom, and "bottom-to-top" means that one coil side of the concerned coil is placed at the bottom of the slot and the other coil side is placed in the slot. Indicates that it is placed at the top of the

Now, to explain the procedure for inserting each coil, first, the first coil insertion operation is performed on the three-phase winding #U1, which is the first pole.
V1. Perform W1 as one set. As is clear from the table above, all the coil sides of the 12 coils that make up these windings, 4 for each phase, are housed in the bottom of the slot, so each winding has an electrical angle of 240＠. It is possible to insert the coils at the same time by setting them on a coil insertion machine (not shown) so that they are separated from each other.

Next, perform the second coil insertion operation on the second pole three-phase winding U2. V2. Perform W2 as a set. In this case too,
Again, each winding may be set in the coil insertion machine so that they are spaced apart by 240 degrees in electrical angle, and inserted at the same time.

At this time, as is clear from the previous table, the coil pitch is 13
For the two coils 11 and 11, one coil side will be inserted into the top of the slot, but these will overlap the coils of the same pitch of the first pole winding of the same phase that have already been inserted. Therefore, it is sufficient to simply insert it over the first pole winding. Also, the third coil insertion work is the third pole three-phase winding U3. V3. The same procedure is performed using W3 as one set. In this case as well, the coil side of the 1st or 2nd pole winding has already been inserted into the slot where the coil side should be inserted at the top, and it is simply overlapped with the 1st and 2nd pole winding. Just insert it. And finally,
4th pole three-phase winding U 4. V4. If W4 is inserted as a set using a coil insertion machine in the same manner as described above, all the coil sides of the winding will be positioned above the slot and will be inserted overlapping each of the first to third windings. In this way, in this example, the coil insertion machine was used four times (equal to the number of poles).
The insertion work of all the windings can be completed by the insertion work of . In addition, when the coil sides of different phases are housed in the same slot, it goes without saying that an insole insulator for insulating the different phase coils is inserted mechanically or manually.

The arrangement of each fill inserted as described above is shown in Figure 2, and the insertion positional relationship of each phase winding into the slot is the same for each phase, so that it is geometrically and electrically balanced. It is clear that

Also, regarding the connection of each coil, for example, '! s4 diagram (
If you connect as shown in A), it will be a 4Y connection, as shown in Figure 4 (
A 4Δ connection can be achieved by connecting as shown in B).

According to this embodiment with the above-mentioned configuration, all coils can be inserted by four coil insertion operations using an automatic coil insertion machine, and double-layer overlapping winding, which previously relied on manual coil insertion, can be completed. Productivity is significantly higher than that of Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the coil ends of the windings of the three phases are arranged evenly in the circumferential direction, so the length dimensions of the coil ends are approximately equal for each phase. Therefore, the impedance of each phase coil becomes substantially equal, and it is possible to prevent unbalance of excitation current due to impedance unbalance, and it is possible to suppress deterioration of electrical characteristics that tends to occur in conventional single-layer concentric winding. Also, since it is a two-layer concentric winding, 1
The coil is constructed with half the number of conductors as the conventional single-layer concentric winding. Therefore, the volume of the coil is reduced to half that of the conventional coil, making it easier to insert the coil into the slot, and to shape the coil end after insertion.

The fact that coil end shaping is easy in this way
This means that it is possible to shape the coil end without giving sufficient margin, so the axial dimension of each coil is shortened, making it possible to reduce the amount of copper used and weight. It becomes possible to secure a sufficient insulation distance between the end and the jacket structure. Furthermore, since the shaping pressure is low, damage to the insulation coating of the coil is reduced.

A second embodiment will now be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. 48 slots,
The four-pole two-layer concentric winding is the same as the first embodiment, but the coil pitch of each coil is different.

The number of slots q for each pole and each phase is 4, as in the first embodiment, and the windings for each pole and each phase are also composed of four concentrically wound coils having different coil pitches. The coil pitches of each concentric coil are 15.13 and 11.9.

Since the other points are the same as those in the first embodiment, the same parts are given the same reference numerals and the explanation thereof will be omitted. The coil development diagram is shown in Figure wi6, and it is clear that the insertion positional relationship of each phase winding into the slot is the same for each phase and is geometrically and electrically balanced.

Therefore, ′! The same functions and effects as in the a1 embodiment can be obtained, and since coils of the same phase are inserted above and below the slots #1 to #4, for example, the insole insulators and coils in the slots There are advantages such as the interphase insulator inserted between the different phases at the end can be simplified, and the motor characteristics are improved by increasing the coil pitch.

<Third Example> This will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. 48 slots,
This embodiment is the same as the first and second embodiments in that it has four poles and the number of slots q for each phase of each pole is four, but is different in that it uses an overlapping winding method.

The windings of each pole and each phase are composed of four continuous coils with a fill pitch of 10. If only the three-phase windings Ul, Vl, and Wl constituting the first pole are taken out and shown, the result is as shown in FIG. 8, and each continuous coil is positioned in an adjacent slot in sequence. These three phase windings Ul,
Vl and Wl are inserted into the core slot as a pair by an automatic coil insertion machine. Further, the three-phase windings constituting the remaining multi-poles have a similar configuration, and the three-phase windings of the multi-pole are combined into one set and simultaneously inserted into the slots as many times as the number of poles.

The coil arrangement diagram is the same as that shown in FIG. 2 for the first embodiment.

According to the third embodiment, even though the coil is wound in two layers, the coil insertion work can be performed using an automatic coil insertion machine, and productivity is greatly increased. Of course, since the number of conductors in each coil is half that of the single-layer concentric winding, the coil end forming operation can be easily performed. Since a coil pitch of 10 means a % pitch of 83%, harmonic distortion can be reduced and motor characteristics can be improved.

Fourth Embodiment> As is clear from FIG. 9 showing the coil arrangement of this embodiment, this is an example of 36 slots and 4 poles. In this embodiment, the number of slots q for each pole and each phase is 3, and the various windings for each phase are composed of three (q) concentrically wound coils with a coil pitch of 10.8°6. . Again, the windings of each phase are separated from each other by 240 degrees in electrical angle, and the windings for three phases are inserted into the slots as many times as the number of poles at the same time to form a two-layer concentric winding. Since the only difference from the first embodiment is the number of slots and the coil pitch, the same parts are given the same reference numerals and explanations are omitted, but it goes without saying that the same effects as in the first embodiment can be achieved.

Fifth Embodiment> Again, it has 36 slots and 4 poles, and can be wound in two layers. In this case, the coil pitch is 8 (% pitch is 83
%), the coil arrangement is exactly the same as in FIG.

6th Embodiment The coil arrangement diagram of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 10, which is also an example of 36 slots, 4 poles, and two-layer concentric winding, and is different from the fourth embodiment in that the coil is a concentric winding coil. The pitch is different. The coil pitch of the three concentric coils that make up the various windings for each phase is 11.9°7, and the windings for the three phases are inserted into the slots as many times as the poles at the same time as one set, resulting in a two-layer structure. It is considered heavy.

Seventh Embodiment> FIG. 11 shows a coil arrangement diagram. This is an example of 60 slots, 4 poles, and two-layer concentric winding. Number of slots for each pole and phase q
becomes 5 from q-60/4X3, and the windings of each pole and each phase are composed of five (q) concentric coils with different coil pitches, and the coil pitches are sequentially 14.12.
1.0, 8.6.

This embodiment also provides the same effects as the above-mentioned embodiments, and has the advantage that insertion of the insole insulator and the interphase insulator can be simplified, as in the second and sixth embodiments.

Eighth Embodiment> FIG. 12 shows an example in which the number of poles is 6 and 72 slots. The number of slots q for each pole and each phase is 4, and the windings for each pole and each phase are composed of four coils.

In the case of two-layer concentric winding, the coil pitch of each coil may be set to 13.11 and 9.7 in order, and in the case of two-layer overlap winding, the coil pitch of all coils is set to 10, and each phase The four coils constituting each type may be sequentially located in adjacent slots. In either case, the same effects as in each of the above-described embodiments can be obtained by simultaneously inserting the windings for three phases into the slots as many times as the number of poles to form a double layer.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and is not limited to the connection shown in FIG.
It goes without saying that connections such as Y-, l x Δ, 2 It is possible.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the three-phase armature winding of the present invention,
Since it is a two-layer winding and the cross-sectional area per coil is half that of a single-layer concentric winding, it is possible to maintain good coil insertion even in models with a large coil volume, and the coil end after the coil is inserted. It is easier to mold the coil, and insulation defects on the coil surface are less likely to occur. In addition, since the coils for three phases are simultaneously inserted into the slots a number of times to form a two-layer winding, the coil insertion work can be easily automated and productivity is excellent.

Moreover, since the insertion position of each phase winding into the slot is the same for each phase and the winding impedance is balanced among the three phases, the generation of unbalanced excitation current is suppressed and the electrical This has excellent effects such as improved characteristics.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a coil deployment diagram, FIG. 2 is a coil layout diagram, FIG. 3 is a coil deployment diagram showing only the first pole of each phase, and FIG. 4 is a winding connection diagram. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a developed view of the coil, and FIG. 6 is a diagram of the coil arrangement. 7 and 8vlJ show a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a developed view of the coil, and FIG. 8 is a developed view of the coil showing only the first pole of each phase. FIG. 9 is a coil layout diagram showing each of the fourth and fifth embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a coil layout diagram of the sixth embodiment, and FIG.
The figure is a coil layout diagram of the seventh embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a coil layout diagram of the eighth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a side view from the coil end side showing a conventional example. In the figure, UN-04 is each winding of the 1st pole to the 4th pole of the U phase,
1 to V4 are the windings of the first to fourth poles of the V phase, W1 to W4
are the windings of the first to fourth poles of the W phase. Agent Patent Attorney Tsuyoshi Sato No. 3 Figure U terminal U terminal No. 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 13 Procedural amendment January 7, 1992 Patent application Hei 2-278゜. . 3/ 2. Title of the invention: Three-phase armature winding 3. Relationship to the amended case: Patent applicant (307) Toshiba Corporation 4, Agent: 460 Address: 6-15 Sakae 4-chome, Naka-ku, Nagoya Nissan Life Insurance Company 6, each column of the detailed description of the invention and the brief description of the drawings in the specification subject to amendment, and the drawings. 7. Contents of the amendment (1) From page 15 of the specification, line 1!87 to line 8, the phrase ``This is the same as Figure 2 shown in the first embodiment'' has been changed to ``As shown in Figure 12.'' It will be.'' I corrected myself. (2) “Eighth Example” described on page 17, line 18 of the same
Delete the text from ``Play'' written on page 18, line 11. (3) “In the eighth embodiment” written on page 20, line 7 of the same document is replaced with “
It is corrected as "of the third embodiment." (4) "W4" and "W," written in Figure 1 of the drawings are written in red in red on the attached copy, and are "z4" and "2," respectively.
．． ” he corrected. (5) As shown in red ink in the attached copy of the "z3" and "z2" shown in Figure 1, "W," and "w2" respectively.
I am corrected. (6) "W2" and "rw+" described in Figure 1 are respectively "z2" and "zl" as shown in red in the attached copy.
I am corrected. (7) As shown in red ink in the attached copy of the "zyu" and "z4" shown in Figure 1, "W," and "W4" respectively.
I am corrected. (8) As rW+J and "2." described in FIG. 2 are written in red on the attached copy, rz+J and rw, respectively.
Correct it with J. (9) "Wl", rz, and J shown in FIG.
I am corrected. (10) "V," and "v2" described in (A) of FIG.
" have been corrected to "y," and "y2," respectively, as shown in red ink in the attached copy. (11) "v3" and "v4" described in (A) of Figure 4
" have been corrected to "y," and "y4," respectively, as shown in red ink in the attached copy. (12) "yl" and "y2" described in (A) of Figure 4
'' is shown in red ink on the attached copy (respectively ``vl''
and correct it as “■2”. (13) "y3" and "y4" described in (A) of Figure 4
" have been corrected to "V," and "v4," respectively, as shown in red ink in the attached copy. (14) As "W4" and "W3" described in FIG. 5 are shown in red in the attached copy, rz4J and "z3" respectively.
” he corrected. (15) As "2." and "z2" described in FIG. 5 are written in red in the attached copy, "Wl" and "W2" are respectively
” he corrected. (16) As shown in red ink in the attached copy, "W2" and "Wl" described in FIG. 5 are respectively "z2" and "2.
” he corrected. (17) As "z4" and "zl" shown in FIG. 5 are written in red in the attached copy, they are "W4" and "W," respectively.
” he corrected. (18) As "wl" and "zl" described in FIG. 6 are written in red in the attached copy, "zl" and rW, respectively,
Correct it with J. (19) rw, J and rz, J shown in FIG.
” he corrected. (20) As shown in red ink in the attached copy, "W," and "zl" written in FIG.
” he corrected. (21) As "Wl" and "2," written in FIG. 10 are shown in red in the attached copy, "zl" and rw
, correct it as J. (22) As shown in red ink in the attached copy, rW1co and “2,” described in FIG. 11, “2.” and “W
I am corrected. (23) Figure 12 is corrected as shown in the attached sheet. ■3x, Figure 2 Figure 6 ■3x1 Figure 9 Figure 10

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a three-phase armature winding with integer slot winding, each pole and each phase winding is composed of q concentric winding coils with different coil pitches (q is the number of slots in each pole and each phase). The phase windings are separated from each other by pπ/3 in electrical angle (P is the number of poles), and the windings for three phases are inserted into the slots as many times as the number of poles at the same time to form a two-layer winding. A three-phase armature winding characterized by: 2. In a three-phase armature winding with integer slot winding, the winding for each phase of each pole is composed of q continuous coils with the same coil pitch and located in sequentially adjacent slots (q is the number of coils for each phase of each pole). (number of slots), the windings of each phase are separated from each other by pπ/3 in electrical angle (P is the number of poles), and the windings of each phase are inserted into the slots simultaneously as many times as the number of poles as one set. A three-phase armature winding characterized by layer winding.