JPH04151535A - Method of automatically inputting combustion improver for combustion analysis - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to sample and input the specified amount of combustion improver by scooping the combustion improver with measuring cups based on the relationship between the weight and the volume, and automatically dropping the excessive part during the movement by utilizing the angle of repose. CONSTITUTION:The volume of a measuring cup 1 is determined based on the relationship between the weight and the volume of a combustion improver which are obtained beforehand. The cups 1 are concentrically attached to a rotary shaft 3. When the shaft 3 is rotated, the combustion improver is scooped when the cups pass in a well 10 wherein the combustion improver is sufficiently stored. The cups are moved upward along the circumference. During the movement, the inclination of the bottom surface of the cup 1 is changed with the rotary angle. When the reference of the rotary angle is set at the horizontal direction, the slant angle becomes the angle obtained by adding the angle formed between the bottom surface and the radial direction to the rotary angle. Therefore, the slant angle becomes larger with the rotation after the combustion improver is scooped. Thus, the combustion improver exceeding the angle of repose slides down. When the cup 1 reaches the upper side of an input port 2, the combustion improver is inputted into the port. In this way, the specified amount of the combustion improver can be automatically sampled and inputted by the simple method.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention is used in combustion analysis in which components such as carbon and sulfur are extracted from the sample by heating a granular sample and the amount thereof is measured. The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for automatically weighing a combustion improver and adding it to a powder sample for analysis.

[Prior Art] As a method for rapidly analyzing gas components in metals, there is a method of heating a sample, extracting these components, and measuring the amount of the components. Gas components include hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, etc. For example, when analyzing carbon in steel, 1 g
A steel sample of about 100 ml is placed in a crucible and heated without oxygen flowing through it, converting it to carbon dioxide and measuring the amount. This type of analysis method is called combustion analysis, but since combustion analysis is expected to extract the entire amount of target components in the sample, it is necessary to lower the melting point of the sample, make it more conductive, etc. to increase the heating effect. A combustion improver is added with the aim of These combustion improvers include Sn, Cu, W, etc., but granular ones with extremely low impurity content and stable quality are used.

The combustion improver is added to each crucible in a constant weight similar to the weight of the sample, and it is preferable that the amount fluctuates within 5%, but conventionally there has been no small and simple device.

That is, methods for automatically weighing powder and granular materials include a method of weighing a predetermined weight and a method of sampling a predetermined volume.
In the former, the general method is to measure the weight of the powder and granular material being put into a weighing device and stop feeding when it reaches a predetermined weight, while in the latter, it is a method to cut out only a predetermined volume. It was common. In the former case, if the target weight has already been exceeded at the time the weight is measured, very troublesome operations are required thereafter. For this reason, various efforts have been made to prevent excessive loading and to shorten the long weighing time. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1-214717 discloses a method in which an amount slightly smaller than the target weight is set as a first target value, and after this value is exceeded, the input amount is carefully adjusted. The latter, constant volume cutting, is an automated method that uses a square. For example, Utsukai Showa 63-107
In Publication No. 839, powder and granules are charged from a hopper into a square placed in a first chamber, and when this square is moved horizontally to a second chamber adjacent to the first chamber, the horizontal wall of the square is An automatic device for scraping off particulate matter piled up above the upper end is disclosed.

However, the weighing method requires a weight measuring device and also requires a mechanism such as a circuit for reading the measured weight value and determining the relationship between this and the target weight. For this reason, the device is complex and delicate, making it difficult to use in locations where it is difficult to obtain a well-equipped environment for direct connection to the manufacturing site and quick results, such as for control analysis. In the method of cutting out a fixed volume, there are devices that avoid the delicate nature of the example above, but this method is an automated version of a method that used to be done manually, and even the collection of excess volume is automatically performed. However, the device would be too large to be used as an auxiliary measurement device.

For this reason, conventionally, a spoon of an appropriate size was used.
A predetermined amount was scooped out and added based on visual judgment.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, visual judgment cannot avoid fluctuations in the amount scooped out, which may lead to fluctuations in analytical values, and also requires a worker to add combustion improver. There was a problem.

This invention was made to solve this problem.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device and method for easily and automatically collecting and charging a predetermined weight of combustion improver.

[Means for Solving the Problem] The means for achieving this object is a method and apparatus for converting a predetermined weight of combustion improver into a volume and collecting a fixed volume of combustion improver, and the method is shown in (1), and its device is shown in (2) and (3).

(1) When mixing a predetermined weight of combustion improver into the sample to be burnt, first determine the relationship between the weight and volume of the combustion improver, and then use a measuring cup whose volume is determined based on this relationship to add enough combustion improver. The combustion improver is scooped out from the stored reservoir and the measuring cup is moved to the combustion improver inlet, but in the meantime, the combustion improver that exceeds the predetermined volume is automatically dropped out using its angle of repose, and A method for automatically adding a combustion improver for combustion analysis, in which when a measuring cup moves to the position of the input port, the combustion improver naturally falls into the sample through the input port.

(2) A device consisting of a rotating shaft on which a measuring cup is attached concentrically, and a charging port and a charging tube provided at a predetermined position on the rotating surface.The bottom of the measuring cup forms a certain angle with the radius of rotation. It has no side wall in the centripetal direction, and is either a plane that includes the bottom end of the centripetal side and the upper edge of the distal side wall, or an inclined plane that makes a certain angle with the bottom surface, and as it rotates, the input port The angle of inclination of the slope becomes the angle of repose of the combustion improver at the position where the bottom edge approaches the combustion improver, and the angle between the bottom surface and the horizontal plane becomes the angle of repose of the combustion improver before the bottom edge passes over the inlet. An automatic charging device for a combustion improver for combustion analysis, characterized in that the charging tube is connected to the charging port at an angle larger than the angle of repose of the combustion improver.

(3) It consists of a rotating shaft with a hook mounted on a concentric circle, a fixed platen and a charging tube installed parallel to the rotating surface, but the hook is box-shaped with a part of the side missing and its bottom is attached to the fixed platen. The fixed plate has an opening at a predetermined position, and at positions other than the opening, the fixed plate becomes a side surface of the hook, and the fixed plate and the hook form a metering cup. The hook repeats vertical circular motion as the rotary disk rotates, and a charging tube is attached to the opening at an angle greater than the angle of repose of the combustion improver.

[Optimal effect] The optimum amount of combustion improver to be added may vary slightly depending on the type and amount of the analysis sample, heating conditions, etc., or the amount can be determined once determined for each condition. This amount is determined by weight, but in the case of combustion improvers, the particle size is within a certain range, and the particle shape is also relatively fixed, so there is a very good relationship between weight and apparent volume. For example, the apparent specific gravity of Sn combustion improver is 6.7, Cu is 8.2, and W is 14.4.
All of these are within the range of ±0.1. That is, a predetermined weight of combustion improver can be obtained with an error of 1.5% or less if the volume of combustion improver obtained by dividing the weight by the apparent specific gravity is obtained. Therefore, a predetermined weight of combustion improver can be measured with sufficiently high accuracy using a measuring cup with a predetermined volume.

In addition, not only the apparent specific gravity of combustion improvers but also the angle of repose when piled up is constant. For example, the angle of repose of Sn combustion improver is 22 degrees, that of Cu is 51 degrees, and that of W is 47 degrees, and the fluctuation is within 1 degree. When scooping up combustion improver with a measuring cup, there is enough combustion improver stored in the reservoir, so a slightly larger amount is collected, but if you use the angle of repose, the excess amount will be collected while it is being transferred to the input port. The combustion aid can be slid down and only a certain volume can be carried to the input port. Methods of using the angle of repose include a method of adjusting the inclination of the opening surface of the cup by the rotation angle, and a method of utilizing the inclination of the bottom surface of the cup.

At the position of the inlet, the combustion improver is automatically injected when the slope of the bottom of the cup toward the inlet exceeds the angle of repose. Furthermore, if the inclination of the charging cylinder is made larger than the angle of repose, the combustion improver will naturally fall, making it possible to easily and automatically charge a certain amount of combustion improver into a saucer like a crucible.

The method and device suitable for automatically adding the combustion improver in this way, as well as their effects, will be explained in more detail below using the figures.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example of the device and an overview of its surroundings, where 1 is a measuring cup, 2 is an inlet, 3 is a rotating shaft, 5 is an inlet cylinder, 1
0 is a reservoir, and 11 is a saucer.

(Figure a+ is a front view. Since the measuring cup 1 is attached concentrically to the rotating shaft 3, it scoops up the combustion improver as it passes through the combustion improver in the reservoir lO as the rotation shaft 3 rotates. , it is lifted upward along the circumference.During this movement, the inclination of the bottom surface of the measuring cup l changes according to the rotation angle, but if the reference of the rotation angle is horizontal, the inclination angle will change depending on the rotation angle. It is the sum of the angle made with the radial direction.

When installed with the bottom facing the same direction as the radial direction, the angle of inclination and the angle of rotation will match. After scooping up the combustion improver, the angle of inclination increases with rotation, so the combustion improver that exceeds the angle of repose will slide down. When the measuring cup 1 reaches the top of the inlet 2, the combustion improver falls into the inlet 2. The figure above is a side view, and since the charging tube is connected to the charging port 2 at an angle larger than the angle of repose of the combustion improver, the combustion improver that has fallen into the charging port 2 will naturally slide down the charging tube 5. It is supplied to the saucer 11. Let's talk about quantitativeness in more detail. (C) Diagram is a sketch of the measuring cup, where surface ABEF is the bottom surface and line AB
is the bottom end of the centripetal side, and the surface CDEF is the bottom end of the centripetal side (hereinafter referred to as
(referred to as the back wall). No side wall touching line AB is provided,
Side walls are provided on the planes ACE and BDF, but they do not necessarily have to be triangular. The plane ABCD is a plane (hereinafter referred to as an inclined plane) connecting the bottom end of the centripetal side and the upper end of the rear wall, and is not a plane on which a wall exists but a plane of space. Tame IO
If there is sufficient combustion improver in the slope, the measuring cup 1 passes through the level of the combustion improver after the angle of inclination of the slope becomes smaller than the angle of repose, so that the combustion improver is piled up on the slope. It is piled up in. When the bottom end on the centripetal side approaches the input port, the angle of inclination of the slope becomes equal to the angle of repose of the combustion improver, so at this point, the slope of the stacked combustion improver coincides with the slope. That is, the volume of the combustion improver at this time is equal to the space surrounded by the bottom surface of the measuring cup 1, the three side walls, and the inclined surface, and is constant. Thereafter, before the measuring cup 1 passes over the inlet, the angle of inclination of the bottom surface reaches the angle of repose of the combustion improver, so that all the combustion improver falls into the inlet.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example. 4 is hook, 6
is a fixed plate, FA1 is a front view, R) is a side view, and (C) is a fixed plate.
) Ii? is a sketch of the hook 4. Hook 4 is
Since it is attached concentrically to the rotating shaft 3, as the rotating shaft 3 rotates, when passing through the combustion improver in the reservoir 10, it scoops up the combustion improver and lifts it upward along the circumference. In the fC1 diagram, plane EFHG is the bottom of hook l, plane AB
The three surfaces EF, surface DCGH, and surface BEGC are side walls, and the fixed platen 6 becomes another side wall, that is, surface AFHD, and ABCD.
Form a cup with an opening surface. The bottom or surface EFHG of this cup slopes downward toward the fixed platen 6, so when the hook comes to the position of the opening 2 of the fixed platen 6, the side wall by the fixed platen 6 disappears, so the combustion improver is Flows into opening 2. That is, the opening 2 becomes the input port. At this time, if the predetermined slope of the bottom surface is equal to or greater than the angle of repose of the combustion improver, all of the combustion improver in the cup will flow into the cup. Also, if it is smaller than the angle of repose, it will flow into the slope leaving a more fixed amount.

In either case, a fixed amount can be added, but design calculations are easier if the slope is at the angle of repose or slightly thicker. If the bottom surface is not a flat surface but a curved surface, it will be easier to set the minimum slope to the same value. The opening 2 must be in place. First, it must be in the path of the cup, but it must also be at a position before the angle of inclination of the plane ABCD, which increases with rotation, exceeds the angle of repose of the combustion improver. If the rotating surface is vertical and the plane ABCD has an inclination only in a direction perpendicular to the rotating surface, and this inclination is the repose angle of the combustion improver, the position of the opening 2 is not limited to one point, but as mentioned above. In the case where the excess amount is dropped by tilting the cup due to rotation, as in the case of the device described above, it is limited to the - point. (Figure b1 is a side view. Since the charging tube is connected to the opening 2 at an angle larger than the angle of repose of the combustion improver, the combustion improver flowing into the opening 2 naturally slides down the charging tube 5. The side walls are supplied to the saucer 11.The role of the side walls is to determine the amount of combustion improver that can be lifted, so the higher the height of the side walls, the more the amount of combustion improver can be lifted.However, the positional relationship of the upper edges of these side walls also has a bearing on the amount of lift. It is possible to lift a certain amount regardless of the positional relationship, and even if the wall is not flat or the upper edge is not straight.For example, it is possible to scoop up a certain amount even if there is a relatively small amount of combustion improver. The side wall of the surface DCGH can also be curved to match the moving circumference.

Note that, as can be easily inferred from the above explanation, these devices and methods can be applied not only to combustion improvers but also to other granular materials such as grains, confectionery, sand, gravel, and pellets.

[Example 1] Using the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b), a target amount of 1.50 g of Cu combustion improver was automatically introduced into a crucible. The shape of the measuring cup 1 is basically a rectangular parallelepiped as shown in FIG. 3(a), but the length ratio of DF and FB is 1:f3,
The angle between the bottom surface ABFE and the inclined surface ABCD was set to 30 degrees. In addition, the angle between the bottom surface and the radial direction was set to 10 degrees so that even if the amount of combustion improver in the reservoir lO was small, it would be sufficient.

That is, when the measuring cup comes out from the level surface of the combustion improver, if the angle of inclination of the plane ABCD is larger than the angle of repose of the combustion improver, the amount scooped out will be affected by the level surface, so this is taken into consideration. In this case, as shown in Figure 3 (Figure b1), the rotation angle δ at which the angle of inclination of the plane ABCD is equal to the angle of repose of the combustion improver is 91 degrees.In other words, even if the measuring cup 1 is in the position directly below Since a sufficient amount could be scooped out, the operation was carried out with a sufficient amount of combustion improver for the measuring cup 1 to be submerged.The position of the inlet opening is set at the rotation angle ε and viewed from the front, with the left end at ε. is the position where is 11 degrees, and the right end is the calculated position 4
The position was set at 45 degrees, slightly wider than 1 degree. The inclination angle of the charging cylinder 5 was set to 60 degrees, and a guide was attached to the tip of the charging cylinder 5 to ensure that the combustion improver entered the saucer 11. A crucible containing an analysis sample was used as the saucer 11. The crucible was placed on a turret and synchronized with the charging time.

Out of 350 crucibles that were automatically loaded in this way, 5
When the number of combustion improvers was randomly selected and the amount of combustion improver added was measured, the results were as follows: ■, 45.1.51, ], 56.1.47.
Each weight was 1.50 g, which was within 4% of the target weight. Moreover, since the excess combustion improver is automatically returned to the reservoir 10 during collection, no manpower is required at all, resulting in an extremely large labor-saving effect. Furthermore, in the conventional manual weighing process, there were one or two analytical values a day that differed by 1% or more from the average analytical value, which required re-analysis, but this is no longer necessary.

By changing the position of the inlet, it is also possible to automatically add the same volume of other combustion improvers having different angles of repose, or to automatically add different amounts of the same type of combustion improver.

Example 2 Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, a target amount of 1.00 g of W combustion improver was automatically introduced into a crucible.

The back side wall of the reservoir lO shown in figure fa1 was raised vertically to form a fixed plate 6. In order to simplify the design calculation, the bottom and side surfaces of the hook 4 are basically flat and the edges are straight. The opening surface, the bottom surface, and the sidewalls of the surface BECG are rectangular. When the ridge line BC is made horizontal, the angles of inclination of the opening surface and the bottom surface are different from each other, but they are set to 47 degrees, which is equal to the angle of repose of the W combustion improver, and the plane BEGC is made a vertical plane. Also, the length of ridgeline BC is the length of ridgeline A
The length was twice the length of B. The relationship between the hook 4 and the rotating shaft 3 is such that the ridge line BC is aligned with the radial direction. In this case, the position of the opening 2 may be any position as long as it is above the level of the combustion improver and the rotation angle is less than 47 degrees, but a position of 15 degrees was selected. This is because the angle of inclination of the bottom surface becomes slightly larger than the angle of repose at the time of injection. The charging cylinder 5 and the saucer 11 are the same as those in the first embodiment. 7 of the combustion improver in the reservoir IO
Regarding the vehicle surface, the maximum inclination of the opening surface when passing the hook does not exceed the angle of repose, or the maximum inclination in this case is the angle formed by the straight line AC and the horizontal plane. This angle is the angle of repose β
The opposite rotation angle θ when the length of AB is a, C
If the length of B is C, sinθ= (at ten c”)
The relationship is ``'s in β/(asin β 〇). In this example, β is 47 degrees, but θ is 36.8 degrees. Also, the amount of combustion improver was increased and the fuel level was raised during operation.

As a result of automatic injection in this manner, as in Example 1, the combustion improver could be added with high accuracy and the same labor-saving effect could be obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the measuring cup is rotated along the circumference, and the angle of repose is used to measure the amount of combustion improver after it is scooped up and before it reaches the input port. Since the amount is adjusted to a predetermined amount, the operation of the device is simple and requires only rotational movement. Therefore, the device is small and does not have a complicated mechanism and can be easily handled anywhere. As described above, the present invention has a great effect in that it is simple and yet it is possible to reliably weigh out a predetermined amount of combustion improver.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an apparatus for explaining the invention in detail, (a) is a front view, (b1 is a side view, (C)
The figure is a sketch, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the device for explaining the invention in detail, (a) is a front view, (b)
The figure is a side view, (e) is a sketch, FIG.
Figure b1 is a front view. l... Measuring cup, 2... Inlet, 3... Rotating shaft, 4... Opening, 5... Inserting tube, 6... Turning plate,
10...Reservoir, 11...Saucer.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) When mixing a predetermined weight of combustion improver into the sample to be burned, the relationship between the weight and volume of the combustion improver was determined in advance, and a sufficient amount of combustion improver was stored in a measuring cup whose volume was determined based on this relationship. While the combustion improver was scooped up from the reservoir and the measuring cup was moved, the combustion improver in excess of the predetermined volume was automatically dropped out using its angle of repose, and the measuring cup was moved to the position of the input port. 1. A method for automatically adding a combustion improver for combustion analysis, characterized in that the combustion improver naturally falls into the sample through the input port. (2) Consisting of a rotating shaft on which a measuring cup is attached on a concentric circle, and a charging port and a charging cylinder provided at a predetermined position on the rotating surface of the measuring cup, the measuring cup has a bottom surface that is at a constant angle with the rotation radius. It is attached so as to form an angle, and there is no side wall in the centripetal direction, and the plane including the bottom end on the centripetal side and the upper edge of the distal side wall becomes an inclined plane making a constant angle with the bottom surface,
The angle of inclination of the slope becomes the angle of repose of the combustion improver at the position where the bottom edge approaches directly above the input port, and the angle between the bottom surface and the horizontal surface becomes the combustion improver before the bottom edge passes over the input port. An automatic dosing device for a combustion improver for combustion analysis, characterized in that a dosing tube is connected to the inlet at an angle of repose of the fuel, and the inclination is greater than the angle of repose of the combustion improver. (3) Consisting of a rotating shaft with a hook attached on a concentric circle, a stationary plate and a charging tube provided parallel to the rotating surface,
The hook has a box shape with a part of the side missing, and its bottom has a predetermined downward slope toward the fixed plate, and the fixed plate has an opening at a predetermined position, and the fixed plate does not close at any position other than this opening. is a side surface of the hook, and the fixing plate and the hook form a metering cup, and a charging cylinder is connected to the opening with an inclination larger than the angle of repose of the combustion improver. automatic loading device.