JPH04151334A - Constant 4-wheel drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a compact drive device with sufficient speed reduction ratio by using a double differential gear rotated differentially between a right rear axle and left front axle and right front axle and left rear axle, and driving the right and left front axles through a pinion and internal gear according to an output from a trans-axle for transverse mounting of an engine. CONSTITUTION:An output of an engine 19 is transmitted to a double differential gear 23 through a transmission 20, input shaft 21, drive gear 22, and ring gear 5. A left front axle 29 is driven by the double differential gear 23 through a left side propeller shaft 25, pinion 27, and internal gear 28. Similarly, a right front axle 34 is driven through a right side propeller shaft 31, the pinion 32, and an internal gear 33. In addition, a right rear axle 41 is interlocked through a right side drive gear 36, right side driven gear 37, right side propeller shaft 4, right side pinion 39, and right side hypoid gear 40. And, a left rear axle 47 is interlocked through a left side drive gear 43, left side driven gear 44, left side propeller shaft 3, left side pinion 45, and left side hypoid gear 46.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to improvements in a transverse engine type permanent four-wheel drive system.

(b) The double differential device described in the specification of the conventional technical publication patent publication No. 1982-295726 and shown in the second embodiment has a problem that the outer diameter is large, and the patent application In each of the embodiments described in the specification of No. 1-288040, the two propeller shafts for driving the rear axle intersect, reducing their transmission efficiency;
There was a problem in that the double differential became horizontally long, and the pinion and ring gear for driving the front axle were difficult to obtain a sufficient reduction ratio.

(...) Problems that the invention aims to solve:
By reducing the width of the double differential that rotates differentially between the left front axle and right rear axle, and between the right front axle and left rear axle, we also use an internal gear to drive the front axle to achieve a sufficient reduction ratio. The purpose is to obtain.

(d) Means for solving the problems The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan cross-sectional view of the double differential and transaxle of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram showing the double differential and transaxle. In order to prevent the left and right propeller shafts 3.4 from intersecting with the left and right rear wheels M47.41, an external rotating spur gear is used as in the double differential shown in the embodiments of Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-221920. In this method, eight planetary gears were required even in the case of two sets, and the outer diameter and width also increased. Further, in the first and second embodiments described in the specification of Japanese Patent Publication No. 32-221921, the diameters of both the double differential devices are increased. By using these before deceleration, the size can be reduced somewhat, but it is still insufficient. This invention uses three sets of three outer rotor spur gears each to achieve simplification and further miniaturization. An in-place planetary gear 9 and a left-hand planetary gear 10 are arranged on both sides of an annular shaft 8 on a pin 7 of a planetary carrier 6 provided integrally inside the ring gear 5, and as shown in the sixth figure, a similarly arranged cloth Middle planetary gear 11 and right-hand planetary gear 12
The left and right small planetary gears 10.12 are respectively interlocked on the annular shaft 8, and rotate the left and right middle sun gears 15.16, respectively, via the left and right large planetary gears 13.14. Similarly, left and right middle planetary gears 9.11 are left and right sun gears 17.1.
Rotate 8. In this case, the radius ratio of the left and right sun gears 171.18 and the left and right middle sun gears 15.16 and the radius ratio of the left and right middle planetary gears 9.11 and the left and right small planetary gears 10.12 are set to be the same, so each sun gear 1
5.16.17.18 are rotated with the same torque distribution. 6 planetary gears (9, 10, 11, 1 set of 3 each)
1213, 14), each sun gear (
15, 16, 17, 18) on the planetary carrier 6, each sun gear has a small diameter.
The entire structure is lightweight, and the left hand planetary gear 10 and left sun gear 15 are compactly arranged inside the ring gear 5.

(E) Operation The output of the engine 19 is passed through the transmission 20, the input shaft 21, the drive gear 22, and the ring gear 5, and is operated in a known manner by the double differential device 23, so that the left sun gear 17 The left front axle 29 is driven via the ball joint 24, the left propeller 7 shaft 25, the ball joint 26, the pinion 27, and the internal gear 28. Similarly, the right sun gear 18 drives the right front axle 34 via the center shaft 30, ball joint 24, 26, right propeller shaft 31, pinion 32, and internal gear 33. By using the internal gears 28 and 33, the drive gear 22 can be removed from the left side like the transaxle of most transverse engines, which is an advantageous condition for mass production.

The sun gear 15 in the middle is an annular shaft 35, a right drive gear 36,
A right rear axle 41 is interlocked via a right driven gear 37, a universal joint 38, a right propeller shaft 4, a right pinion 39, and a right hypoid gear 40. The cloth sun gear 16 interlocks the left rear axle 47 via the annular shaft 42, the left drive gear 43, the left driven gear 44, the universal joint 38, the left propeller 7 shaft 3, the left pinion 45, and the left hypoid gear 46. As shown in FIG. 4, the left pinion 45 is disposed above the left rear axle 47, so that the left and right propellers/gifts 3.4 have sufficient minimum ground clearance, and the gear case 48 is accommodated in the hub 49. Conventional four-wheel drive vehicles with setter differentials required three differential lock devices, but in this invention, the pump 50 is pressurized via a known hydraulic control mechanism 51 through an oil passage 52.
If the multi-disc clutch 55 is pressed through the annular piston 54 in the drum 53, the single multi-disc clutch 55 can appropriately control all wheels from the same rotation speed to the intermediate limited differential.
This can be done cheaply and easily. Double differential device 23
The whole is housed in a case 56.

(v) Embodiment 8 In the second embodiment shown in the drawing, a screw coupling 57 for limiting differential is used, and the planetary carrier 5
A right planetary gear 63 is provided on the pin 59 of No. 8 through an annular shaft 60 and interlocks with a left planetary gear 61 and a right ring gear 62 of the same diameter, and a middle sun gear 64 and a middle ring gear 65 are connected to each other.
A medium planetary gear 66 that is interlocked with rotates on the annular shaft 60. Left sun gear 6 interlocked with left planetary gear 61
7 connects to the front axle 29 via the ball joint 24, 26, left propeller shaft 25, pinion 27, and internal gear 28.
Rotate. Similarly, the middle sun gear 64 rotates the right front axle 34 via the middle shaft 68, ball joint 24, 26, right propeller shaft 31, pinion 32, and right internal gear 33. Furthermore, the middle ring 65 and the right ring gear 62 are connected to the annular shaft 69.
．． 70. This is similar to the first embodiment in that the left and right driven gears 44 and 37 are driven through the left and right drive gears 43 and 36, respectively. A right sun gear 71 that is interlocked with a right planetary gear 63 has a viscous scum ring 57 on an annular shaft 72 and performs a known limiting differential between it and the right ring gear 62 via a drum 73 to prevent all points of the two wheels from collapsing. . In this case, the left,
Due to the radius difference between the middle sun gear 67.64 and the middle right ring gear 65.62, a larger torque distribution (2:1 illustrated example) can be obtained between the left and right rear axles 47.41. Three sets of each planetary gear (61, 63, 66) are usually used, and the middle and right ring gears 65 and 62 are made smaller in diameter, and the entire case is 7
It is housed within 4. Published Patent Publication 1986-2957
As shown in the second embodiment (Fig. 3) in the specification of No. 26,
It goes without saying that the double differential device can be applied to the present invention, and even if the multi-disc clutch 55 and viscous coupling 57 are eliminated in the first and second embodiments, general use is possible. .

(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention makes the permanent four-wheel drive system for horizontally mounted engines more practical, and enables the planetary carrier 6 of the double differential gear 23 to rotate at high speed before deceleration. It is possible to reduce the size and weight of the layer, and by eliminating the rhinostatic axle, the unsprung weight is reduced, improving riding comfort, and ensuring sufficient minimum ground clearance for the drive member, making it suitable for off-road riding. You can get effects suitable for driving.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view of the double differential and transaxle of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram of the power train, and FIG. 3 is a schematic front sectional view of the left front axle. Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the left rear axle, Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional plan view thereof, Fig. 6 is a partially exploded view of the planetary carrier, Fig. 7 is a schematic side view of the planetary carrier, and Fig. 8 is a schematic side view of the planetary carrier. FIG. 3 shows plan cross-sectional views of a double differential and a transaxle of two embodiments, respectively. Explanation of symbols 75 Left front wheel 76 Right front wheel 77 Left rear wheel 78 Right rear wheel 79 Support metal fitting 80 Stub axle gg' Line parallel to the road surface

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A double differential device that rotates differentially between the left front axle and the right rear axle, and between the right front axle and the left rear axle is used, and the output from the horizontally mounted engine transaxle is transferred through the pinion and internal gear. A constant four-wheel drive system that drives both the left and right front axles. (2) Use left and right medium sun gears with a smaller diameter than the left and right sun gears, and link the left and right large planetary gears to these, and connect the left and right medium planetary gears that are linked to the left and right sun gears, and the left and right small planetary gears that are linked to the left and right large planetary gears to the pins of the planetary carrier. The constant four-wheel vehicle according to claim 1, which uses a double differential device characterized by rotating the same unit through an upper annular shaft and having left and right large planetary gears arranged on the annular shaft. Drive device. (3) Left and right planetary gears of the same diameter are provided on both sides of the annular shaft on the pin of the planetary carrier, respectively, to interlock with the right ring gear and left sun gear, and a middle planetary gear is provided on the annular shaft, interlocking with the middle ring gear and the middle sun gear. A constant four-wheel drive system according to claim 1, using a double differential device, characterized in that: