JPH04173430A - Full-time four-wheel drive device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce size and weight by rotating large and small planetary gears on both sides, interlocking with large sun gears on both sides, on the same axis through two annular shafts and interlocking small planetary gears on both sides with middle planetary gears on both sides interlocking with small sun gears on both sides on a different pin. CONSTITUTION:Rotation of a drive gear 1 is transmitted to a driven gear 2 at the same speed, and a double differentiating device is operated at a high speed. Namely, a right large planetary gear 9 interlocking with a left small planetary gear 7 and a right large sun gear 8 located on both sides through an annular shaft 6 is located to a pin 5 on a planetary carrier 4 formed integrally with the driven gear 2. A right small planetary gear 10 integrally located on the annular shaft 6 and a left large planetary gear 12 interlocking with a left sun gear 11 are provided. Left and right small sun gears 15 and 16 are rotated through left and right middle planetary gears 13 and 14, respectively, on a pin 71. A radius ratio between left and right small sun gears 15, 16 and left and right large sun gears 11, 8 is set to the same value as a radius ratio between the left and right large planetary gears 12 and 9, and the four sun gears 8, 11, 15, and 16 are all driven in same torque distribution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application This invention relates to improvements in a transverse engine type permanent four-wheel drive system.

(b) Since the double hollow shaft described in the specification of the conventional technical publication patent publication No. 63-97432 is inclined at about 4 degrees, it will change from the center line of the vehicle as the wheelbase increases or decreases. There were problems in that it was difficult to deal with misalignment, and that the diameter of the hypoid gear for increasing the number of stations was too large.

(c) Problems to be solved by the invention This invention has two problems.
The heavy propeller shaft is placed on the center line of the vehicle to easily respond to increases and decreases in wheelbase, and the double differential and bevel gear are activated before deceleration to reduce the size and weight of the vehicle. There is.

(d) Means for solving the problems The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan sectional view showing a first embodiment of the double differential and transaxle of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a skeleton diagram showing the power train.

The conventional combination of a double propeller shaft and four pinions and hypoid gears for increasing/decelerating the gear has a disadvantageous design because the hypoid gear for increasing the speed causes an increase in weight. In this invention, the rotation of the drive gear 1 is transmitted to the driven gear 2 at the same speed, the double differential device 3 is operated at high speed, and the planetary gear mechanism is entirely composed of spur gears, so there is no thrust and the width and width are reduced. The advantage is that the outer diameter can be significantly reduced. That is, the pin 5 on the planetary carrier 4, which is integrated with the driven gear 2, is connected to the left large planetary gear 9 which is interlocked with the left small planetary gear 7 and the right canine sun gear 8 provided on the left and right through the annular shaft 6, and which is integrally provided on the annular shaft 6. The friend planetary gear 12 interlocked with the right-hand planetary gear 10 and the left large sun gear 11 is now connected to the left and right middle planetary gears 1 on the pins 71, respectively.
3.14, the left and right sun gears 15.16 and the left large sun gear 11.8 rotate the left and right sun gears 15.16.
Since the radius ratio of the left and right large planetary gears 12.9 is set to be the same, the four sun gears 8.11.
15 and 16 are all driven with the same torque distribution. These are housed in a case 17 in a compact manner. However, to change this torque distribution, change the torque distribution between the left and right front and rear axles by changing the left and right large sun gear 11.8 and the left and right small sun gear 15.
This can be done easily by changing the diameter of 16. This is possible because the left and right sun gears 15 and 16 have the same diameter and both drive the left and right front axles 28 and 36.

(e) Operation The output of the engine 18 is transmitted through the transmission 19 (various MT and AT can be applied), the input shaft 20, the drive gear 1, the driven gear 2, and the planetary carrier 4.
By operating the known double differential device 3, the left small sun gear 15
The left deceleration sun gear 72 and the ring gear 21 are internally rotated through several pinions 23 on the carrier 22, which performs a known deceleration effect to the left output shaft 24, the ball joint 25, 26, and the left side from the carrier 22. It drives the propeller shaft 27 and left front axle 28. Right hand sun gear 16 is center shaft 2゛9
, right reduction sun gear 30, pinion 31, ring gear 32
Similarly, install the right output shaft 34, ball joint 25, '26, and right propeller shaft 35, which are integral with the carrier 33.
and drives the right front axle 36. My friend Sun Gear 11 is the center axis 2
An inner propeller shaft 40.9 rotates at the same speed as the annular shaft 37 through an annular shaft 37 concentric with the annular shaft 37, a small bevel gear 38, and a small driven gear 39. Rear pinion 41, left hypoid gear 42
, ball joint 24.25, left propeller shaft 2
7 to drive the left rear axle 43. The left large sun gear 8 includes a hollow shaft 44 concentric with the annular shaft 37, a large bevel gear 45, a large driven gear 46, an outer propeller shaft 47 concentric with the inner propeller shaft 40, a front pinion 48, a right hypoid gear 49, a ball joint 24.25, A right rear axle 50 is driven via the right propeller shaft 35. Case 1
7. The rear gear case 51 is integrally constructed via a torque tube 52 and is held to the body via a buffer member (not shown). As shown in the third diagram, the left and right hypoid gears 42.49 have a slight step, so the left and right output shafts 53.54 are arranged at an angle of 89 degrees (in the illustrated example) with respect to the inner and outer propeller shafts 40.47. Power loss due to this is extremely small. As is known, it is possible to limit the differential by combining an expensive tosen differential, but in this embodiment, the multi-disc clutch 55 is connected to the annular shaft 3 via a spline 56 on the center shaft 29.
An annular piston 58 in a drum 57 on top of the wheel is actuated via a known pump 59, a hydraulic control mechanism 60, and an oil passage 73 to prevent two or more wheels from idling (no idling by one wheel length). . In the illustrated example, as shown in the fourth figure, each planetary gear is arranged in three sets of six (7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14), but if this is increased to four sets, the total In the first illustrated example, the left reduction sun gear 1.8 drives the left and right rear axles 43.50,
Of course, it is also possible to switch the operation at the left and right sun gears 15 and 16 and change the operation to the left and right front axles 28 and 36, as desired. This is an effective method when applying different torque distributions between the front and rear axles, and is a great advantage of the present invention.

(v) Embodiment 5 In the second embodiment shown in the drawings, a viscous coupling 61 is used as a replacement for a multi-disc clutch 55, and a viscous coupling 61 is used as a replacement for a multi-disc clutch 55. The first
As in the embodiment, a limited differential is applied to prevent two or more wheels from spinning.

In addition to the double differential device 3 according to the present invention, there are various known double differential devices, such as the double differential device shown in FIG. A good example is, of course, that it can be applied as is, and in that case, it can be provided at a low cost, although it will be somewhat larger. The double differential device according to the present invention can also be widely applied to vertically installed engines.

The torque tube 52, inner and outer propeller shirts) 40, 47 are made of light alloy or reinforced plastic such as FRP, and the intermediate tube type intermediate support system is described in the specification of Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-97432 and shown in the third figure. can also be easily collected.

(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, this invention eliminates the conventional large ring gear for deceleration in a permanent four-wheel drive system for horizontally mounted engines, does not use a hypoid gear for speed increase, and eliminates speed increase operation. At the same time, the double differential device 3 itself can be reduced in size and weight at low cost by using the length of the spur gear, which has the effect of improving the effectiveness of the engine-side-mounted permanent four-wheel drive device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view of a double differential and transaxle according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a skeleton diagram of the power train, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the structure of the rear gear case portion. 4 is a schematic side cross-sectional view showing a section along the line a-a' in FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a partial plan cross-sectional view of the transaxle of the second embodiment. Explanation of symbols 66 Left front wheel 67 Right front wheel 68 Left rear wheel 69 Right rear wheel 70 Connection bolt a-a' Cross-sectional position shown in the fourth diagram

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a double differential device that differentially rotates between the left front axle and the right rear axle, and between the right front axle and the left rear axle, the left and right large planetary gears and left and right small planetary gears that are linked to the left and right large sun gears are coaxially connected. A permanent four-wheeled vehicle that rotates separately and together via two annular shafts at the top and is linked to the left and right small sun gears on separate pins, and is characterized by having left and right medium planetary gears interlocked with left and right small planetary gears. Drive device. (2) The rotation of the left small sun gear and the right small sun gear are transmitted through the left and right reduction sun gears, and the left and right front axles are rotated, respectively, via two reduction devices via pinions on carriers that internally rotate the ring gears. A constant four-wheel drive device according to claim 1, characterized by: (3) Constant four-wheel drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation difference between the center shaft and the concentric annular shaft is controlled by a known limiting differential using a multi-disc clutch or a viscous coupling. Device.