JPH0415000B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to perchlorethylene, 1.1.1 trichloroethane, trichlorethylene, Freon R113,
This relates to a dry cleaning device in a dry cleaner that uses organic solvents such as R11 and turpentine (petroleum-based). (Prior art) No. 4 showing a system diagram of a conventional dry cleaner.
Using diagrams, we will outline the dry cleaning process other than using a turpentine. First, the clothing 2 is put in through the door 1, and the door 1 is closed to start operation. Generally, the steps proceed in the following order. The solvent 4 is pumped up from the solvent tank 3 through the valve 5 by the pump 6, and the required amount of the solvent 4 is sent into the processing tank 10 through the path consisting of the valve 7 and the filter 8 or the path consisting of the valve 9. Gently rotate the processing drum 11 and pour the solvent 4 into the processing tank 10, button trap 12, valve 13,
Clothes 2 are washed by circulation through a circuit consisting of pump 6, valve 7, filter 8 or valve 9. Processing tank 10, button trap 12, valve 1
3, the liquid is drained through the path of the pump 6, the valve 14, and the distiller 15, and then the processing drum 11 rotates at high speed to centrifugally separate the solvent 4 in the clothing 2, and the liquid is drained in the same way. Repeat the steps in the above sections. Processing tank 10, button trap 12, valve 1
3. Drain the liquid into the solvent tank 3 through the route of the valve 5,
Subsequently, the processing drum 11 rotates at high speed to remove the clothing 2.
The solvent 4 inside is centrifuged and drained. The processing drum 11 is slowly rotated again, and air is circulated in the direction of the arrow 20 between the recovery air duct 19 consisting of the fan 16, the air cooler 17, and the air heater 18 and the processing tank 10, thereby drying the clothes 2. The solvent gas evaporated from the clothing 2 is condensed in the air cooler 17, enters the water separator 22 through the recovery path 21, and enters the clean tank 24 through the solvent pipe 23. When drying is completed, the dampers 25 and 26 open as shown by the broken lines, fresh air is taken in from the damper 25, and uncondensed solvent gas that cannot be recovered by the air cooler 17 is exhausted from the damper 26, thereby deodorizing the solvent odor in the clothing 2. . The solvent 4 that entered the distiller 15 in the process of the previous section
is evaporated and condensed and recovered in the condenser 27,
It enters the clean tank 24 through the water separator 22 and the solvent pipe 23, and enters the clean tank 24 through the overflow partition plate 28.
Then return to solvent tank 3. Note that the water separated by the water separator 22 is discharged to the outside of the system through a water pipe 29. Next, a dry cleaning process using turpentine (petroleum solvent) is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. Turpend dry cleaning usually uses a cleaning and deliquing tank 10 shown in Figure 5, which is similar to the processing tank part shown in Figure 4.
0 and a dedicated drying tank 200 (called a tumbler) shown in FIG. In the cleaning and deliquing tank 100, the cleaning process using other solvents described above, and the same steps as above and above are performed, and the entire process is completed. Incidentally, in turpentine dry cleaning, distillation is not usually performed, and in many cases, the inside of the filter 8 is filled with a fatty acid adsorbent such as porous alumina or a decolorizing agent such as activated carbon to purify the solvent 4. Next, the clothes 2 after dehydrating are taken out from the door 1, and the clothes 2 are taken out from the processing tank 1 through the door 1a of the tumbler shown in FIG.
Insert into 0a. In the tumbler, outside air 20a is taken in from the inlet duct 19a by the fan 16, heated by the air heater 18, and then heated to the processing tank 10.
Send it to a. The solvent 4 in the clothing 2 evaporates and is discharged outside the system (outdoors) from the exit duct 19a, completing the drying. General dry cleaning processes using various solvents have been outlined above, but currently dry cleaners that use these solvents use a single solvent cleaning and drying method regardless of the solvent. Table 1 compares typical physical properties of currently widely used solvents. Furthermore, Table 2 compares the dry cleaning characteristics, restrictions, drawbacks, etc. caused by the typical physical properties of the solvents shown in Table 1. As a result, in order to respond to the recent diversification of clothing materials, processing, and forms, we have added, for example, two types of dry cleaners, perchlorethylene dry cleaner and Freon R113 dry cleaner, and 1.1.1 trichloroethane dry cleaner. Three types of dry cleaners were required, which placed an extremely heavy burden on cleaning companies, as it required increased purchasing funds, space, equipment capacity, etc., and complicated maintenance work.

[Table] This is one of the measures to express.

【table】

[Table] (Problems to be solved by the invention) This invention attempts to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.
The purpose of the present invention is to enable single cleaning with different types of solvents, combined cleaning with multiple solvents, and mixed cleaning with multiple solvents mixed together with an economical device that can be easily installed with a small installation area. (Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the present invention provides a processing tank for storing clothing;
a plurality of storage tanks that exclusively store at least two or more mutually soluble solvents; a solvent supply control device that selects a solvent to be supplied from each tank to the processing tank; and a solvent supply control device that selects a solvent to be supplied from the processing tank This system is equipped with a solvent recovery device that introduces the spent solvent to a distillation device to distill and separate dirt components, and then condenses and recovers the same solvent in a condensation device and returns it to the respective storage tanks. It is intended as a means to solve the problem. (Function) At least two or more types of mutually soluble solvents are selectively supplied from a plurality of storage tanks, each of which is stored exclusively, to a processing tank in which clothing is stored, under the control of a solvent supply control device. The used solvent from the treatment tank is led to a distillation device to distill and separate dirt components, and then the solvent is condensed and recovered by a condensation device and returned to the storage tanks by the solvent recovery device. lead back to. (Example) Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 3 show examples of the present invention. In addition, in Figures 1 and 2, to simplify the expression,
Although an example of a dedicated solvent tank and a distillation recovery type that can handle two types of solvents is shown, it goes without saying that three or more types of solvents can be handled in exactly the same way. First, the basic embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG. 1. The first major difference between FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 (conventional method) is that the first solvent storage tank 3 and a second solvent storage tank 3a are provided independently from each other, each with dedicated valves 5 and 5.
a is provided. The second difference is that the water separators 22 and 22a can be used selectively depending on the unique boiling point of the solvent or program control, and the valves 32 and 22a are installed in the condensed solvent inflow pipe 34 corresponding to each of the water separators 22 and 22a.
32a, solvent piping 23, 23a, water piping 29, 2
9a is attached, and a safety valve 33 is added to the capacitor 27. The difference in FIG. 3 is that the recovery path 21 connected to the air cooler 17 is connected to the water separator 22 or 22a via a valve 30 or 30a, and is connected to the distiller 15 via a check valve 31. This is what is being done. As mentioned above, there are three differences from the conventional one, but the other configuration is almost the same as that of FIG. 4. Although it is of course conceivable to dedicate the pump 6 for each type of solvent, it is shared here for the sake of simplicity. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a distillation recovery type that can more completely recover two types of solvents.
a, and the same capacitor 27a has a
A cooling coil 41 is installed, which is adjusted by a control system (not shown) to a temperature equal to or 2 to 3° C. higher than the lower boiling point of the two solvents.
Further, the lower part of the condenser 27a is connected to a gas pipe 37.
The liquid pipe 38 branches into a liquid pipe 38, which is immersed in a tank 35 filled with cooling water 40a in a low-temperature cooling coil 40, and then transferred to a water separator 22a (Fig. 1).
It is connected to the. Further, the gas pipe 37 is connected to a second condenser 27b, and the condenser 27b is equipped with the low-temperature cooling coil 40 cooled to a temperature that can sufficiently condense a low-boiling point solvent.
39 is a liquid pipe connecting the lower part of the condenser 27b and the water separator 22. Note that the solvent recovery device can also be of a filter type. Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as above will be explained. First, when using two types of solvents as a single solvent as needed without mixing them, the washing and drying steps are almost the same as the conventional method (explanation in Figure 4), so detailed explanation will not be provided here. Although omitted, the opening and closing of the valve 30 or 30a attached to the recovery path 21 of the air cooler 17 is program-controlled by a control system (not shown) depending on the type of solvent, and the following water separators 22, 22
a. The storage tanks 3 and 3a are designed to prevent the solvents 4 and 4a from mixing. Regarding distillation, depending on the type of solvent, the opening and closing of the valves 32 and 32a attached to the condensed solvent inflow pipe 34 of the condenser 27 may be program-controlled by a control system (not shown), or the distillation A temperature sensor (not shown) detects the temperature of the solvent in the tank and opens and closes the valves 32, 32a to avoid mixing of the solvents 4, 4a.
flows into the respective dedicated storage tanks 3, 3a. Although this embodiment is an example of one distillation device, it goes without saying that a dedicated distillation device may be provided for each solvent. Next, the effect will be explained in detail in the case where two types of solvents are actively mixed in an arbitrary ratio. The first solvent 4 is supplied from the storage tank 3 via the valve 5 to the pump 6 via the valve 7 and the filter 8.
Alternatively, only the required amount is pumped into the processing tank 10 via the valve 9. Subsequently, the second solvent 4a is pumped up from the storage tank 3a via the valve 5a. Gently rotate the processing drum 11 and pour the mixed solvent (4+4a) into the processing tank 10 and button trap 1.
2. Clothes 2 are washed by circulating in a circuit consisting of valve 13, pump 6, valve 7, filter 8 or valve 9. Processing tank 10, button trap 12, valve 1
3, the liquid is drained through the path of the pump 6, the valve 14, and the distiller 15, and then the processing drum 11 rotates at high speed to centrifugally separate the mixed solvent (4+4a) in the clothing 2, and the liquid is drained in the same way. Repeat the above. or the above,
After repeating the above steps, the liquid is drained to a third tank (not shown) via the processing tank 11, button trap 12, valve 13, pump 6, and piping (not shown). The processing drum 11 is slowly rotated again, and air is circulated in the direction of the arrow 20 between the recovery air duct 19 consisting of the fan 16, the air cooler 17, and the air heater 18 and the processing tank 10 to dry the clothes 2. The solvent gas evaporated from the clothing 2 is condensed in the air cooler 17 and collected in the recovery path 21.
and flows into the distiller 15 via the check valve 31. When drying is completed, the dampers 25 and 26 open as shown by the broken lines, fresh air is taken in from the damper 25, and uncondensed solvent gas that cannot be recovered by the air cooler 17 is exhausted from the damper 26, thereby deodorizing the solvent odor in the clothing 2. . The mixed solvent (4+4a) that entered the distiller 15 in the step 2 above is first distilled at the boiling point determined by the low boiling point solvent (for example 4), and then passed through the condenser 27 to a distillation temperature sensor (not shown). Controlled open valve 32
into the water separator 22 through the solvent pipe 23
Return to tank 3 through . Next, as the low boiling point solvent in the distiller 15 decreases, the boiling point gradually approaches the boiling point of the high boiling point solvent.
Distillation of the high boiling point solvent starts, but the distillation temperature sensor (not shown) operates in the same way as above, and the valve 32a is opened (the valve 32 is closed).
Then, the high boiling point solvent 4 is placed in the storage tank 3a in the same way as above.
a is recovered (the intermediate component solvent when switching from a low boiling point solvent to a high boiling point solvent is a very small amount in experiments and does not pose a practical problem, so it is treated as any solvent). To briefly explain the distillation method shown in FIG. 2, the low boiling point solvent 4 evaporated from the distiller 15 (FIG. 1) first enters the first condenser 27a, but the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling coil 41 is low. Since the boiling point is above the boiling point of the solvent, it does not condense and enters the second condenser 27b through the gas pipe 37, and flows into the low-temperature cooling coil 40.
The water is condensed and flows into the water separator 22 via the liquid pipe 39. When the high boiling point solvent then evaporates, it can be recovered in the first condenser 27a and flows into the water separator 22 through the liquid pipe 38. The tank 35 filled with the cooling water 40a of the low-temperature cooling coil 40 has the function of cooling the liquid pipe 38 immersed in the cooling water 40a. Next, FIG. 3 shows an example of a solvent supply and purification device for a special filter containing a deoxidizing and decolorizing agent, which is often used in turpentine (petroleum oil). In the same figure, filters 8a, 8a
-1 and 8b are both special filters, and each is attached with a dedicated valve 7a, 7a-1, 7b and check valve 50, 50a, 50b, and each filter is connected in parallel with piping. . Now, in FIG. 3, when cleaning by switching between two types of single solvent, filters 8a-1, 8
b are each dedicated and used. For example, if the filter 8a-1 is used for the first solvent 4, only the valve 7a-1 will be open and the others will be closed. Further, the solvent 4 that has passed through the filter 8a-1 is transferred to the check valve 5.
Press 0a to flow into the processing tank 10 (FIG. 1).
Next, in the case of a mixed solvent of two types, only the filter 8a is used in the same manner as described above, so that the solvent composition in the other filters 8a-1 and 8b is not changed. (Effects of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above in detail, various washing combinations can be selected in one dry cleaning apparatus depending on the material of the laundry, degree of dirt, etc. That is, three types of cleaning can be easily performed: single cleaning using one type of solvent, combined cleaning using multiple solvents, and mixed cleaning using multiple solvents. Therefore, according to the present invention, although the above three treatments can be performed, it can be installed in a small installation area, the installation work is simple, and the solvent recovery rate is high. As described above, the present invention has strong cleaning power and economical efficiency, uses each solvent in the right place, and can select the solvent under the control of a control device to clean delicate clothing, general clothing, heavily soiled clothing, etc. The effects are extremely remarkable, such as how easy it is to do.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a system diagram of a dry cleaning device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a solvent recovery device different from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a system diagram of a dry cleaning equipment different from the embodiment shown in Fig. 1. FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a conventional dry cleaning device, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are circuit diagrams of a conventional dry cleaning device using a turpentine. Explanation of the main parts of the diagram, 2...Clothing, 3, 3a...
...Storage tank, 4,4a...Solvent, 5,5a...
Dedicated valve, 10... treatment tank, 15... distiller,
22, 22a... Water separator, 23, 23a... Solvent piping, 27, 27a, 27b... Condenser,
29, 29a... Water piping, 32, 32a... Valve, 35... Tank, 36... Rise piping, 37
... Gas pipe, 38, 39 ... Liquid pipe, 40 ... Low temperature cooling coil, 40a ... Cooling water, 41 ... Cooling coil.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A processing tank for storing clothing, a plurality of storage tanks each dedicated to storing at least two or more types of mutually soluble solvents, and solvent supply control for selecting the solvent to be supplied from each tank to the processing tank. a device;
and a solvent recovery device for guiding the used solvent from the treatment tank to a distillation device to distill and separate dirt components, and then condensing and recovering the same solvent by a condensation device and returning it to each of the storage tanks. A dry cleaning device characterized by: