JPH04146236A - Web composed of modified cross-section fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject thin and lightweight web comprising fibers each having a cross section composed of a flat trunk-like part and leaf-like flat pieces and having a specific space volume, exhibiting a high heat-insulating performance, having spaces not crushed during its use, and useful for shirts, etc. CONSTITUTION:The objective web is characterized in that the cross section of each of fibers constituting the web is composed of a flat trunk-like part and many leaf-like pieces branched from the trunk-like part and in that the volume rate of spaces among the many leaf-like pieces is >=20% of the apparent fiber volume. Further, the surface area of each of the fibers is preferably >=0.5m<2>/g, and the volume rate of spaces in the web is preferably >=30% of the volume of the web.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a thin and lightweight fabric used as a heat-retaining material, and a fabric that has excellent texture such as touch and texture. In particular, it relates to a fabric that can be used for shirts, blouses, underwear, etc. and has high heat retention properties.

[Prior Art] Various types of clothing with heat retention properties are already on the market. In terms of materials, wool is a typical example, and although wool products are one of the best products for sweaters and coats, they are generally thick and have the disadvantage that the wearer can easily notice them. there were. In addition, because of its characteristic texture, it was difficult to develop it into clothing that comes into direct contact with the skin.

On the other hand, typical thin heat insulating materials include clothing made of fibers mixed with inorganic fine particles.

In this method, for example, inorganic fine particles such as zirconia are present on the fiber surface or inside the fiber, and the heat retention performance is improved by utilizing the fact that the fine particles emit far infrared rays.

However, when fine particles are dispersed in a polymer during spinning, there are restrictions on the types of polymers and fine particles that can be used due to dispersibility, and there is also the problem that spinning becomes difficult and it is not possible to mix in as many particles. Ta.

Further, when fine particles are attached to the fiber surface, there is a drawback that the fine particles fall off during use. Furthermore, since the specific gravity of the fine particles is higher than that of the polymer, the finished product is only relatively heavy.

Attempts have also been made to improve heat retention by creating voids within the fabric by modifying the cross-sectional shape of the fibers and the weaving and knitting methods. Examples include making the fibers hollow, giving them irregular cross-sections, and adding crimps to the threads to make them bulkier and create voids, but none of these methods have produced significant effects. This is thought to be because the void volume is small to begin with, or because the void is collapsed due to the pressure applied during use.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a thin and lightweight heat insulating material that does not collapse its voids during use and has high heat retention performance. That is.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following configuration.

That is, in the fabric of the present invention, the cross section of the constituent fibers is composed of a flat trunk portion and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces branched from the flat trunk portion, and the space volume ratio between the leaf-like flat pieces is equal to the apparent fiber volume. The fabric is characterized in that it has a content of 20% or more.

Alternatively, in the fabric of the present invention, the cross section of the fibers constituting the fabric is composed of a flat trunk portion and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces branched from the flat trunk portion, and the space volume ratio inside the fabric is The fabric is characterized by having a volume of 30% or more of the fabric volume.

Alternatively, in the fabric of the present invention, the cross section of the constituent fibers is composed of a flat trunk and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces branched from the flat trunk, and the space volume ratio between the leaf-like flat pieces is 20% or more of the volume, and the single fiber surface area of the fibers is 0.5rd/g or more.

Further, in the fabric of the present invention described above, it is more preferable that the vertical and horizontal ratios of the stem-like flat piece and the leaf-like flat piece are each 3 or more, or alternatively, preferably, the stem-like flat piece is They are arranged biased in a direction parallel to the plane of the fabric, or preferably, the proportion of stem-shaped flat pieces whose intersection angle with the plane of the fabric is 30 degrees or less among the stem-shaped flat pieces is 60 degrees. % or more, or preferably, the apparent cross section of the fibers constituting the fabric is an ellipse with an oblateness of 1.02 or more and 10° or less.

[Action Co. The present invention will be explained in detail below.

Since the fabric of the present invention has a unique cross-sectional shape of the fibers constituting the fabric, it can achieve higher heat retention performance than ever before. In particular, the cross section of the fiber is composed of a trunk-like flat part and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces branched from the trunk-like flat part, and a plurality of these fibers are assembled to form a fiber bundle. The flattened part of the trunk and the flattened leaves act as cushioning materials for each other, creating a structure that does not collapse the space.

This is a major solution to the problem of conventional heat insulating materials that simply have spaces inside or on the surface of the fibers, where the spaces are easily soaked by external forces and the heat insulating performance deteriorates.

Representative examples of the fabric in the present invention are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Figure 1 is a micrograph showing the cross-sectional shape of the fibers in which Figure 1 (a) is a photograph of the cross section of the fabric, and Figure 1 (b) is a micrograph showing the fiber cross-sectional shape further enlarged.
) is an explanatory drawing obtained by tracing the micrograph. In these figures, 1 is a stem-like flat piece, 2 is a leaf-like flat piece, and 3 is a space.

In the present invention, the flat trunk portion refers to a flat piece that includes a straight line passing approximately through the center of the fiber cross section. If the apparent fiber cross section is round, the length corresponding to the diameter and 1/10 to 1/10 of the diameter
A flat piece with a width of about 1/3. When the apparent fiber cross section is elliptical, it refers to a flat piece having a short axis, a long axis, or an intermediate length between the two, and a width of about 1/10 to 1/3 of the length. When the length and width of the flat piece are taken as the length and width, respectively, it is preferable that the length and width are 3 or more in order to have the space necessary for the heat retention effect in the present invention.

In the present invention, the apparent fiber cross section refers to the fiber cross section including the space between the leaf-like flat pieces described below. For example, if a space is created by removing a part of the polymer, the entire fiber before removal is corresponds to the cross section of

The stem-like flat pieces in the present invention also serve to maintain the strength of the fibers.

The leaf-like flat piece in the present invention is a flat piece that constitutes a fiber cross section, similar to the stem-like flat piece.

The term foliage here refers to the leaves of broad-leaved trees such as beech and oak, and refers to the fact that other flat pieces are located on both sides of a flat stem piece, as if they had branched off from it.

Further, the leaf shape may be in the form of an image such as a fern leaf.

It is desirable that the leaf-like flat piece is located between a plurality of stem-like flat pieces in the fabric and acts as a so-called cushioning material without crushing the space, and the long sleeves of the leaf-like flat piece and the first stem-like flat piece are at right angles to each other. It is preferable that it exists in a form close to . Moreover, the leaf-like flat piece has the stem-like flat piece as its center line,
It is desirable to exist on both sides. The leaf-shaped flat piece may be integrated with the stem-like flat piece at its tip, be in contact with it, or be located slightly apart from it. Furthermore, there is no problem even if the flat leaf-like pieces are partially fused together.

In the present invention, the larger the space volume ratio between the flattened lobes in the single yarn, the better the heat retention performance, and is preferable. However, if there are too many spaces, the fiber strength will be impaired, so it is determined as appropriate in consideration of both.

Generally, the space volume ratio is preferably 20% or more, more preferably 30% or more of the apparent fiber volume.

Moreover, in the present invention, not only the spaces within the single fibers but also the spaces between the fibers have a structure that does not become crushed, which works effectively. In the present invention, preferably, the space volume ratio in the cross section of the fabric is 30% or more, more preferably 50% or more of the volume of the fabric. The constituent fabric volume here refers to the apparent fabric volume including both fibers and spaces.

In the present invention, an assembly of one stem-like flat piece and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces is a single filament. The number of leaf-like flat pieces in a single yarn is sufficient as long as it includes a large number of spaces and the spaces are not crushed in the fabric structure, and the length of the stem-like flat pieces (
It also depends on the length (vertical) and the thickness (horizontal) of the leaf-like flat piece.

If the thickness is relatively thin, the strength as a cushioning material between the stem-like flat pieces will be weak even if there are many. Usually, 6 to 100 pieces per single yarn is preferable, and 10 to 50 pieces is more preferable.

In the present invention, the spaces between the fibers have a structure that is difficult to collapse, and from this point of view, it is preferable that the fabric, especially the woven fabric or knitted fabric, is composed of multifilament.

Fabrics with such high heat retention properties have a structure in which the spaces contained therein are difficult to be crushed, as described above, but the fabric has a significantly higher fiber surface area than ever before due to the large number of flat pieces. There is. From the point of view of the upper surface area per single yarn, O3rd is preferably 7g or more, more preferably 0. It is 8 po/g or more.

The above-mentioned space that is difficult to be squeezed in is aligned in a certain direction with respect to the stem-like flat piece. It can exist more effectively with both. In particular, when the stem-like flat pieces are aligned parallel to the surface of the fabric, the cushioning effect is maximized. In particular, it is more preferable if three to five adjacent stem-like flat pieces are arranged in a continuous manner. Of course, since the fibers exist in the fabric with curvature, it is difficult for the stem-like flat pieces to be completely parallel to the plane of the fabric. In the present invention, it is sufficient that the intersection angle between the fabric surface and the long sleeve of the stem-like flat piece is 30 degrees or less for 60% or more of the whole.

In the present invention, in order for the adjacent stem-shaped flat parts to be substantially parallel to each other, it is preferable that the apparent cross section of the fiber be oval rather than circular. If this is an oval,
This is because when the fibers are converged and processed into a woven or knitted fabric, the yarn cross sections are aligned in a specific direction, and the stems are aligned in approximately the same direction. If the stem-like flat part is located in the long sleeve direction of the ellipse,
The stem-like flat portion is located parallel to the woven or knitted fabric.

In the present invention, the ellipse oblateness effective for aligning the stem-like flat pieces is 1.02 or more and 10.0 or less.

Depending on the arrangement of the stem-like flat pieces, the fabric of the present invention may have a structure in which a part of the leaf-like flat pieces covers the fabric surface, and in this case, the fabric has a high wind-blocking property. The heat retention property becomes better.

The fabric of the present invention not only has the above-mentioned heat retention properties, but also exhibits unprecedented characteristics in texture such as touch and touch due to its characteristic fiber cross section and cloth cross section.

In addition, since the fiber surface has many inner surfaces that do not come into contact with the outside, by utilizing these inner surfaces, sustained release,
It can also more effectively impart functions such as water repellency, deodorization, antibacterial, and disinfection.

The method for producing the fibers used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may include a method of directly obtaining the fibers using a deformed die, a method of simultaneously spinning a plurality of polymer components and dividing some of the polymers by heat as a post-treatment, or elution with a solvent. Any method can be used, such as removing the cross section by, for example, obtaining the desired cross section. Among these, a method using composite spinning is preferred from the viewpoint of ease of arranging a large number of leaf-shaped flat pieces with appropriate spacing between them.

Of course, as mentioned above, in the present invention, it is preferable for the apparent fiber cross section to be slightly oval rather than circular because the directions of the stem-shaped flat pieces are aligned, so an irregularly shaped die is used to obtain an oval shape. A better method would be to use a combination of the above methods and perform composite spinning.

Specifically, as a method for producing the fibers constituting the fabric of the present invention, for example, the fibers can be produced using a spinning pack equipped with a static mixer as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6C-1048. In the spinning pack, two multilayered polymer streams are created in which two component polymers are alternately layered, and a polymer that will become a stem-shaped flat piece is placed between the two polymer liquids, and after being discharged from the spinneret, the layered polymer flow is created. remove one component of the polymer,
The desired fiber can be obtained by making leaf-like flat pieces.

In the present invention, the polymers specifically used include:
Any general-purpose spinnable polymer can be used without any particular problem, and melt spinning, dry spinning, and wet/dry spinning polymers can be used. polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene,
Examples include, but are not limited to, polyarylate, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylonitrile. Furthermore, there is no problem in using a copolymer of a third component with these polymers or a blend of a polymer as one component. Since it is a composite spinning method, it can be used even with polymers that are difficult to spin stably by themselves. From these, it may be selected as appropriate depending on the spinning temperature, viscosity, etc., and the stability of spinning and the purpose.

The fabric in the present invention refers to a fabric made of fibers,
A general term for knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, webs, etc. The fabric may be produced by using fibers having the above-described cross-sectional structure and developing them into woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, or webs by a conventional method.

[Example code] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail using Examples.

Example 1 16 rows of fluid mixers in which four fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1980 were connected in the vertical direction, a mouthpiece with a flat discharge hole, and two of the fluid mixers were installed at the bottom of the mouthpiece. Using a spinning pack that sandwiches the fluid coming out of the discharge hole and the fluid coming out of the flat discharge hole, and a spinning pack that incorporates a round nozzle in the lower part, polyethylene terephthalate is used as the A component, and terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid is used as the B component. Acid 87.5 mol% (70/30), 5-
A composite fiber consisting of polyethylene terephthalate as a flat component (hereinafter referred to as C component) sandwiched between a copolymerized polyester consisting of 12.5 mol % of sodium sulfoisophthalic acid and components A and B was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fiber was a composite fiber in which component C was sandwiched between two aggregates in which A and B were alternately repeated to form a multilayer structure of 8 layers.

The spinning conditions at this time were: spinning temperature -290°C, take-up speed: 1500 m/min, component ratio A/B/C.
=45. /39. /16.

Next, the 16 filament fibers obtained by a conventional method were hot-drawn 3.0 times to obtain fibers with a single fiber thickness of 7°7d.

The 16 filament fibers obtained by the above treatment were used as warp and weft yarns to produce a plain woven fabric with a weave density of 120 fibers/inch in the warp and 75 fibers/inch in the width.

Then, the fabric is subjected to 3. 0g/l! B
components were removed.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fiber was as shown in FIG.

As shown in the micrograph in Figure 1, in the cross section of the fabric, 16 C components (stem-like flat pieces) of 16 filaments are found.
are connected in succession over 2 to 3 rows, 5 to 6 pieces at a time, and the flat A component (lobed flat piece) is the pillar of the column between the rows consisting of the C component, as if supporting the rows. It was arranged like this.

The thickness of this fabric is 0.23 mm, and the basis weight is 75.
g/rr? The space volume ratio between the leaf-shaped flat pieces was 50% of the apparent fiber volume, the space volume ratio inside the fabric was 75% of the constituent fabric volume, and the surface area of the fiber was 2°0ffl/g.

In such a woven fabric, not only the portion surrounded by the C component and the A component but also the voids between adjacent fibers have a structure that is difficult to collapse, and the effective void volume is extremely high. It showed unprecedented heat retention performance for a thin fabric.

Example 2 Similar to Example 1, 16 rows of fluid mixers each having five fluid alternating array elements of the same type as those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 1048/1982 were connected in the vertical direction, a mouthpiece having a flat discharge hole, and a base at the bottom thereof. Using a spinning pack that includes a coupling plate that sandwiches the fluid discharged from the two discharge holes and the fluid discharged from the flat discharge hole of the fluid mixer, and a round nozzle metal at the bottom thereof, polyethylene terephthalate as component A, A composite fiber consisting of polystyrene as component B and polyethylene terephthalate as a flat component (hereinafter referred to as component C) sandwiched between components A and B was melt-spun.

The cross-sectional shape of the obtained fiber is a composite fiber in which the C component is sandwiched between two aggregates in which A and B are alternately repeated to form a multilayer structure of 16 layers, and the fiber has a C axis. The structure was a flat fiber with a flatness of 1.5 on the horizontal axis.

The spinning conditions at this time were: spinning temperature = 280°C, take-up speed: 1500 m/min, component ratio: A/B/C =
It was 45/39/16.

Next, the 16 filament fibers obtained by a conventional method were hot-stretched 3.0 times to obtain fibers with a single fiber thickness of 8°Od.

A plain woven fabric was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 using the 16 filament fibers obtained by the above treatment.

Next, the fabric was immersed in a trichlene bath to remove the polystyrene component B.

The cross section of the obtained fabric was almost the same as in Example 1, and 16
The 16 C components of this filament are continuously connected in 2 to 3 rows, 5 to 6 each, and are flat A.
The components were arranged like pillars between the rows consisting of the C component, as if supporting the rows.

At this time, the thickness of the main fabric is 0. 21mm, weight is 7
0g/rr? , the space-volume ratio between the foliate flat pieces was 45% of the apparent fiber volume, the space-volume ratio inside the fabric was 75% of the constituent fabric volume, and the surface area of the fiber was 165 n(/g. Because the fibers are slightly flat,
The continuity of the C component in the rows was high, and the heat retention performance due to the included voids was also excellent.

[Effects of the Invention] The fabric of the present invention is thin and lightweight, yet exhibits higher heat retention than ever before. It also exhibits distinctive properties in texture, such as touch and feel.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 and 2 show typical structural examples of the fabric according to the present invention, and FIG. 1(a) is a microscope image showing the cross-sectional shape of the fibers obtained by photographing the cross-section of the fabric. It is a photograph, and is an explanatory drawing obtained by tracing the mirror photograph of FIG. 1: Stem-like flat piece 2: Leaf-like flat piece 3: Space is the microscope

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) The cross section of the constituent fibers is composed of a flat trunk and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces branched from the flat trunk, and the space volume ratio between the leaf-like flat pieces is 20% or more of the apparent fiber volume. A fabric that is characterized by certain things. (2) The cross section of the fibers constituting the fabric is composed of a flat trunk and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces branched from the flat trunk, and the space volume ratio inside the fabric is 3 of the volume of the fabric.
A fabric characterized by having a content of 0% or more. (3) The cross section of the constituent fibers is composed of a flat trunk and a large number of leaf-like flat pieces branched from the flat trunk, and the space volume ratio between the leaf-like flat pieces is 20% or more of the volume of the constituent fibers. and the single fiber surface area of the fiber is 0.5 m^2/g
A fabric characterized by the above. (4) The vertical and horizontal ratios of the stem-like flat pieces and leaf-like flat pieces are
The fabric according to any one of claims (1) to (3), each having a number of 3 or more. (5) The fabric according to any one of claims (1) to (4), wherein the stem-like flat pieces are arranged biased in a direction parallel to the surface of the fabric. (6) The fabric according to claim 5, wherein the proportion of stem-like flat pieces having an intersection angle of 30 degrees or less with respect to the plane of the fabric is 60% or more. (7) The apparent cross section of the fibers constituting the fabric has an oblateness of 1
．． Claims (1)-(
6) The fabric according to any one of item 6).