JPH04138404A - Optical fiber coupler and arraying member for optical fiber coupler - Google Patents
Optical fiber coupler and arraying member for optical fiber couplerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH04138404A JPH04138404A JP26216590A JP26216590A JPH04138404A JP H04138404 A JPH04138404 A JP H04138404A JP 26216590 A JP26216590 A JP 26216590A JP 26216590 A JP26216590 A JP 26216590A JP H04138404 A JPH04138404 A JP H04138404A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- optical fibers
- fiber coupler
- members
- alignment member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は、光フアイバ通信などに用いられる光ファイバ
カップラと光ファイバカップラの整列部材に関するもの
である。特に低損失で分岐比の波長依存性を低減した光
ファイバカップラと光ファイバカップラの整列部材に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to an optical fiber coupler and an alignment member for the optical fiber coupler used in optical fiber communications and the like. In particular, the present invention relates to an optical fiber coupler and an alignment member for the optical fiber coupler that has low loss and reduced wavelength dependence of the branching ratio.
「従来の技術」
従来の低損失の光ファイバカップラを第5図に示す。こ
れは2本もしくは複数本の光ファイバ101を平行させ
て保持し、一部分を加熱・融着し、さらに所定の分岐比
が得られるまで延伸を行うことによって作製される。こ
の従来例は分岐比の波長依存性が大きいため、波長多重
通信には向かないなどの欠点があった。第6図にこの光
ファイバカップラの分岐比の波長特性を示す。横軸に波
長を縦軸に分岐比をそれぞれ示し、波長が異なれば分岐
比に差が生じていることが分かる。波長が1.3μで分
岐比が0.5で、波長がそれよりも大きくなると分岐比
も大きくなり、波長がそれよりも小さくなると分岐比が
小さくなっている。"Prior Art" A conventional low-loss optical fiber coupler is shown in FIG. This is produced by holding two or more optical fibers 101 in parallel, heating and fusing a portion, and further drawing until a predetermined branching ratio is obtained. This conventional example had the disadvantage that the branching ratio was highly wavelength dependent, making it unsuitable for wavelength division multiplexing communications. FIG. 6 shows the wavelength characteristics of the branching ratio of this optical fiber coupler. The horizontal axis shows the wavelength and the vertical axis shows the branching ratio, and it can be seen that if the wavelength is different, there is a difference in the branching ratio. When the wavelength is 1.3μ, the branching ratio is 0.5, and as the wavelength becomes larger, the branching ratio increases, and as the wavelength becomes smaller, the branching ratio becomes smaller.
従来の光ファイバカップラの第二の例を第7図に示す、
これはり、B、MortimoreによってElect
ronicsLetters Vol、21. No、
17.pp、742.1985にWavelength
−Flattened Fused Couplers
と題して公表されている。これは2本の光ファイバ10
2のうち片方を前もって加熱・延伸しておき少し外形の
異なった光フアイバ同士をひねり密着させ、加熱し、融
着延伸を行って作るものである。これにより、分岐比の
波長依存性を低減することができる。A second example of a conventional optical fiber coupler is shown in FIG.
This is selected by B, Mortimore.
ronics Letters Vol, 21. No,
17. Wavelength in pp, 742.1985
-Flattened Fused Couplers
It is published under the title. This is two optical fibers 10
One of the two optical fibers is heated and stretched in advance, and the optical fibers, which have slightly different external shapes, are twisted and brought into close contact with each other, heated, and fused and stretched. Thereby, the wavelength dependence of the branching ratio can be reduced.
[発明が解決しようとする課題」
しかしながら、上記波長依存性を低減した光ファイバカ
ップラは前もって一方の光ファイバを延伸するという工
程が余分に加わるため工程が複雑になっていた。その上
、その工程における不安定さが製品の特性のバラつきの
原因となっていた。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the optical fiber coupler with reduced wavelength dependence requires an extra step of drawing one optical fiber in advance, making the process complicated. Moreover, instability in the process caused variations in product properties.
また、作製時に光フアイバ同士を密着させるために互い
にひねることが必要であるため、光ファイバに不必要な
曲がりが生じ損失の原因となっていた。Furthermore, since it is necessary to twist the optical fibers to each other in order to bring them into close contact with each other during fabrication, unnecessary bending occurs in the optical fibers, causing loss.
[課題を解決するだめの手段」
本発明は、上記の事情に鑑み、光の結合部を作製する際
に平行に保持した光ファイバを整列させ、かつ隙間を埋
めるための部材を一体的に加熱・融着させ、加熱延伸を
行いテーパ部分を作製し、かつ二つのコアの導波構造に
非対称性を持たせたことにより、不完全結合を実現し、
分岐比の波長依存性を低減した光ファイバカップラを提
供するものである。[Means for Solving the Problem] In view of the above circumstances, the present invention aligns optical fibers held in parallel when producing an optical coupling part, and integrally heats a member for filling the gap.・By fusing and heating and stretching to create a tapered part, and by making the waveguide structure of the two cores asymmetric, we achieved incomplete coupling.
The present invention provides an optical fiber coupler with reduced wavelength dependence of branching ratio.
「実施例」
本発明による光ファイバカップラの実施例を第1図に示
す。"Embodiment" An embodiment of the optical fiber coupler according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
まず、2本の光ファイバト2を用意し、保護被覆を一部
除去し平行に保持する。First, two optical fibers 2 are prepared, their protective coatings are partially removed, and they are held in parallel.
これに、クラッドとほぼ自じ屈折率を持つ誘電体で作ら
れた整列部材3で前記被覆除去部を挟み込み、その組合
わせがはずれないように仮止めを行う。Then, the coating removal portion is sandwiched between alignment members 3 made of a dielectric material having almost the same refractive index as the cladding, and temporary fixing is performed to prevent the combination from coming apart.
前記誘電体整列部材3と前記2本の光ファイバト2とを
−まとめにして加熱融着して融着部分を作る。このとき
前記誘電体整列部材3と、前記2本の光ファイバト2の
クラッド4・5を一体化させる。光ファイバト2のクラ
ッドは符号45で示し、コアは6・7でそれぞれ示しで
ある。The dielectric alignment member 3 and the two optical fibers 2 are heated and fused together to form a fused portion. At this time, the dielectric alignment member 3 and the claddings 4 and 5 of the two optical fibers 2 are integrated. The cladding of the optical fiber 2 is designated by reference numeral 45, and the cores are designated by 6 and 7, respectively.
その後、光ファイバト2の一方の端子1aからほぼ単色
となる光を入射させ、反対側の二つの端子1b・2bか
ら、出射光をモニターし、所望の分岐比が得られるまで
、前記融着部分を加熱しながら光ファイバト2を把持し
ているステージを移動させ延伸を行う。Thereafter, substantially monochromatic light is inputted from one terminal 1a of the optical fiber 2, and the emitted light is monitored from the two terminals 1b and 2b on the opposite side, until the desired branching ratio is obtained. While heating the optical fiber 2, the stage holding the optical fiber 2 is moved to perform stretching.
第2図は融着延伸前の整列工程での横断面図を示す。誘
電体整列部材3は光ファイバト2を挾み込んだときちょ
うど隙間がなくなるような形状の半割り状受け入れ溝8
・9を当接面11に片寄らせて設ける。このため、整列
部材3と光ファイバト2は一体的に融着させることがで
きる。FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view in the alignment step before fusion stretching. The dielectric alignment member 3 has a half-split receiving groove 8 shaped so that there is no gap when the optical fiber 2 is inserted.
- 9 is provided so as to be biased toward the contact surface 11. Therefore, the alignment member 3 and the optical fiber 2 can be integrally fused together.
第3図は融着延伸後の状態を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the state after fusion stretching.
誘電体整列部材3は光ファイバト2のクラッド4・5と
同等の材料を用いているため、整列部材3とクラッド4
・5は一体となっている。Since the dielectric alignment member 3 uses the same material as the claddings 4 and 5 of the optical fiber 2, the alignment member 3 and the cladding 4
・5 is integrated.
このようにして作製された光ファイバカップラはその分
岐比の波長依存性を低減することができる。その理由を
次に説明する。The optical fiber coupler manufactured in this manner can reduce the wavelength dependence of its branching ratio. The reason for this will be explained next.
第2図に示すように、前記誘電体整列部材3の外形の中
心と2本の光ファイバト2を受けて整列させる半割り状
受け入れ溝8・9の位置とをずらせておくことにより、
融着延伸後のウェスト部分10においてもコア6・7に
対してクラッド4・5が非対称に存在するようにできる
。As shown in FIG. 2, by shifting the center of the outer shape of the dielectric alignment member 3 and the positions of the half-split receiving grooves 8 and 9 for receiving and aligning the two optical fibers 2,
Even in the waist portion 10 after fusion stretching, the claddings 4 and 5 can be made to exist asymmetrically with respect to the cores 6 and 7.
ウェスト部分10においてはコア6・7の直径はかなり
小さくなっており、光のエネルギーはクラッド4・5中
に染みだして伝わっていくため、光の電磁界はクラッド
4・5の外形にも影響を受ける。このため、コア6・7
に対してクラッド4・5が非対称に存在すると二つのコ
ア6・7の電磁界の形が異なり、不完全結合が実現され
る。不完全結合とは二つの全く同じではない導波路が分
布結合をするときに、光のエネルギーが完全には移り合
わない状態をいい、このとき適当に非対称性を作ること
により、光分岐結合器の分岐比の波長依存性を低減させ
ることができる。第4図に示すように、波長が変わって
も分岐比が殆ど変わらないことが示されている。In the waist portion 10, the diameter of the cores 6 and 7 is quite small, and the light energy seeps into the claddings 4 and 5 and is transmitted, so the electromagnetic field of the light also affects the external shape of the claddings 4 and 5. receive. For this reason, core 6 and 7
However, if the claddings 4 and 5 exist asymmetrically, the shapes of the electromagnetic fields of the two cores 6 and 7 are different, and incomplete coupling is realized. Incomplete coupling refers to a state in which the energy of light does not transfer completely when two waveguides that are not exactly the same perform distributed coupling.In this case, by creating an appropriate asymmetry, it is possible to The wavelength dependence of the branching ratio can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 4, it is shown that the branching ratio hardly changes even if the wavelength changes.
「発明の効果」
本発明は整列部材を用いているために融着工程が容易に
かつ短時間で行え、また、光ファイバをねじる必要がな
いため損失の増加が避けられる。"Effects of the Invention" Since the present invention uses an alignment member, the fusion process can be performed easily and in a short time, and since there is no need to twist the optical fiber, an increase in loss can be avoided.
本発明は、誘電体整列部材の外形とその中に取り込まれ
る光ファイバとが偏心しているために作製される光ファ
イバカップラは不完全結合を示し、分岐比の波長依存性
は低減される。また、偏心の度合は誘電体整列部材の形
状によって決まるので分岐比の波長依存性のコントロー
ルが容易にかつ再現性よくできる。In the present invention, since the outer shape of the dielectric alignment member and the optical fiber taken therein are eccentric, the manufactured optical fiber coupler exhibits incomplete coupling, and the wavelength dependence of the branching ratio is reduced. Further, since the degree of eccentricity is determined by the shape of the dielectric alignment member, the wavelength dependence of the branching ratio can be easily controlled with good reproducibility.
また、本発明は、波長と分岐比との関係を示す第4図と
、従来の波長と分岐比との関係を示す第6図とを比較す
れば分かるように、分岐比の波長依存性を低減した光フ
ァイバカップラを歩留まりよく作製することができる。Furthermore, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 4, which shows the relationship between wavelength and branching ratio, and FIG. 6, which shows the conventional relationship between wavelength and branching ratio, the present invention improves the wavelength dependence of the branching ratio. Optical fiber couplers with reduced fiber density can be manufactured with high yield.
さらに、本発明は、誘電体整列部材と光ファイバが一体
に融着されているためにテーパ部分の強度が高い。また
、整列部材に溝を設けてあり、光ファイバと一体的に組
み立てた後の断面形状が略円形となるような形状である
ため、融着時の光ファイバの変形が少なく、不必要なコ
アの変形が殆どない。このため、導波路を伝搬する光が
放射モードに変換されることによる過剰損失の増大を避
けることができる。Furthermore, in the present invention, since the dielectric alignment member and the optical fiber are integrally fused, the strength of the tapered portion is high. In addition, the alignment member has a groove, and the cross-sectional shape after it is assembled integrally with the optical fiber is approximately circular, so there is less deformation of the optical fiber during fusion, and unnecessary cores are eliminated. There is almost no deformation. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an increase in excessive loss due to conversion of light propagating through the waveguide into a radiation mode.
本発明は、2個の部材で構成した互いに当接面を有し、
両当接面を当接させて複数の光ファイバを保持できるよ
うに、両当接面に光ファイバを平行に保持する軸方向の
半割り状の受け入れ溝を刻設し、前記受け入れ溝は当接
面に偏心させて設けているので、光ファイバカップラで
波長依存性が少なくなる光ファイバカップラの製造に適
する。The present invention has mutually abutting surfaces composed of two members,
In order to hold a plurality of optical fibers by bringing both abutting surfaces into contact with each other, a half-shaped receiving groove in the axial direction for holding the optical fibers in parallel is cut on both abutting surfaces. Since it is provided eccentrically on the contact surface, it is suitable for manufacturing an optical fiber coupler that has less wavelength dependence.
第1図は本発明の光ファイバカップラの光ファイバを整
列部材との組み付き方を示した斜視図、第2図は第1図
の要部の縦断面図、第3図は光ファイバを整列部材と一
体的に加熱融着し、その−体化した部分を加熱延伸した
状態の要部の軸方向縦断面図、第4図は本発明の波長と
分岐比との特性図、第5図は従来の光ファイバカップラ
の斜視図、第6図は従来の波長と分岐比との関係を示す
特性図、第7図は従来のねじった状態の光ファイバカッ
プラの斜視図である。
■・2・・・光ファイバ
3・・・整列部材
4・5・・・光ファイバのクラッド
6・7・・・光ファイバのコア
8・9・・・半割り状の受け入れ溝
11・・・当接面
出願人 京 セ ラ 株式会社
代理人 高 木 義 輝
手続補正書(自船
1゜
2゜
3゜
4゜
事件の表示
平成2年 特 許 願 第2r2tGS″号発明の
名称
光ファイバカップラと
光ファイバカップラの整列部材
補正をする者
事件との関係 特許出願人
住 所 京都市山科区東野北井)上町5番地の22名
称 (663)京 セ ラ 株式会社代表者 伊 藤
謙 介Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing how to assemble the optical fibers of the optical fiber coupler of the present invention with the alignment member, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the main part of Fig. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of the wavelength and branching ratio of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a conventional optical fiber coupler, FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between wavelength and branching ratio of the conventional technology, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a conventional optical fiber coupler in a twisted state. ■・2... Optical fiber 3... Alignment member 4, 5... Optical fiber cladding 6, 7... Optical fiber core 8, 9... Half-split receiving groove 11... Applicant on the side: Kyocera Co., Ltd. Agent Yoshiteru Takagi Procedural amendment (indication of own ship 1゜2゜3゜4゜ incident) 1990 Patent application No. 2r2tGS'' Name of invention Optical fiber coupler Relationship with the case of a person who corrects the alignment member of an optical fiber coupler Patent applicant address: 22 people, 5, Kamimachi, Higashino Kitai, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto City
Name (663) Kyocera Co., Ltd. Representative Ito
Kensuke
Claims (3)
整列させかつファイバ間の隙間を埋める整列部材とから
なり、前記整列部材は光ファイバのクラッドと略同一の
屈折率を持つ材料よりなるか、もしくは、光ファイバの
クラッドと略同一の材料よりなり、光ファイバと整列部
材とを一体的に加熱・融着し、その一体化した部分を加
熱・延伸してテーパ部を形成した光ファイバカップラに
おいて、前記光ファイバは一体化した融着部において偏
心した位置に存在することを特徴とする光ファイバカッ
プラ。(1) Consists of two or more optical fibers and an alignment member that aligns them and fills gaps between the fibers, and the alignment member is made of a material that has approximately the same refractive index as the cladding of the optical fiber. Or, an optical fiber made of substantially the same material as the cladding of the optical fiber, in which the optical fiber and the alignment member are integrally heated and fused, and the integrated part is heated and stretched to form a tapered part. An optical fiber coupler, wherein the optical fiber is located at an eccentric position in an integrated fusion part.
半割り状の受け入れ溝を有し、融着時に表面張力による
光ファイバの変形を最小にするために、光ファイバと密
着し、光ファイバと一体的に組み立てた後の断面形状が
略円形となるような形状に形成し、かつ光ファイバを一
体化した融着部において偏心した位置に存在するように
半割り状の受け入れ溝を整列部材に偏心させて設けたこ
とを特徴とする請求項第1項記載の光ファイバカップラ
。(2) The alignment member has an axial half-shaped receiving groove that holds the optical fibers in parallel, and in order to minimize the deformation of the optical fibers due to surface tension during fusion, it is in close contact with the optical fibers and The half-shaped receiving groove is formed so that the cross-sectional shape after integrally assembling the fiber is approximately circular, and the half-shaped receiving groove is located at an eccentric position in the fused part where the optical fiber is integrated. 2. The optical fiber coupler according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber coupler is provided eccentrically on the member.
接面を当接させて複数の光ファイバを保持できるように
、両当接面に光ファイバを平行に保持する軸方向の半割
り状の受け入れ溝を刻設し、前記受け入れ溝は当接面に
偏心させて設けたことを特徴とする光ファイバカップラ
の整列部材。(3) Consists of two members, each having abutting surfaces, and holding optical fibers parallel to both abutting surfaces so that a plurality of optical fibers can be held by abutting both abutting surfaces. 1. An alignment member for an optical fiber coupler, characterized in that a half-shaped receiving groove is carved in the axial direction, and the receiving groove is eccentrically provided on a contact surface.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP26216590A JPH04138404A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Optical fiber coupler and arraying member for optical fiber coupler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP26216590A JPH04138404A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Optical fiber coupler and arraying member for optical fiber coupler |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04138404A true JPH04138404A (en) | 1992-05-12 |
Family
ID=17371966
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP26216590A Pending JPH04138404A (en) | 1990-09-28 | 1990-09-28 | Optical fiber coupler and arraying member for optical fiber coupler |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH04138404A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017108403A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-15 | タイコ エレクトロニクス (シャンハイ) カンパニー リミテッド | Method and apparatus for coupling dielectric waveguide cable |
-
1990
- 1990-09-28 JP JP26216590A patent/JPH04138404A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017108403A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-15 | タイコ エレクトロニクス (シャンハイ) カンパニー リミテッド | Method and apparatus for coupling dielectric waveguide cable |
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