JPH04136344A - Block body for construction and connecting method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enhance efficiency in construction work by providing a dovetail groove and a reinforced portion in the respective portions of each of side plates in such a manner that the groove and the reinforced portion are both extended in some direction, and joining and fixing adjacent side plates together by means of a connector, the side plates each having such a form as to be capable of being combined with each other and piled up. CONSTITUTION:A side plate 1 made of a hard material is provided at its upper and lower sides with means 12 for engaging the side plate 1 with the other side plate 1 and a dovetail groove 13 and a reinforced portion 14 are formed in the respective portions of the reverse side of each side plate 1. A connector 2 having a dovetail member 21 and a clamp 22 is fitted into the dovetail groove 13 of each side plate 1 and a connecting bolt 25 is passed through each side plate 1 and is securely fastened by a clamp 22. Each of the side plates 1 can thus be thinned so as to reduce the weight thereof.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention A.8 Objective of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a so-called construction block body used for walls around buildings, exterior walls of buildings, interior partition walls, and even retaining walls. .

[Conventional technology] Lightweight concrete blocks conventionally used for walls around buildings, walls of buildings, earth retaining walls, etc. have hollow parts that penetrate vertically inside, and reinforcing reinforcing bars are inserted into these hollow parts. The concrete blocks were then stacked together to construct a fence or wall.

However, in this conventional construction method, when lightweight concrete blocks are used in buildings, the surface is not decorated, so the surface must be finished with mortar after masonry.
Alternatively, the current situation is that they are covered with decorative materials.

Furthermore, during masonry, mortar is placed between the blocks, and the blocks are laid on top of it.

However, all of these require the skills and effort of skilled workers, which will exacerbate the current shortage of skilled workers.

On the other hand, when lightweight concrete blocks are used for fences and earth retaining walls, the surface of the block is mainly not decorated, so after a while after masonry, the surface becomes dark due to mold and moss attached due to air pollution and humidity caused by automobile exhaust gas, etc. become a state.

These dark spots are not only aesthetically unsightly, but also difficult to remove.

In order to avoid this situation, it may be possible to decorate the surface in the same way as when using a building, but this not only has limitations in design but is also relatively expensive.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention provides a wall structure that can be easily constructed without requiring the skills and labor of skilled workers, and has a high strength. The purpose is to provide building blocks whose materials and patterns can be freely changed (
technical means).

9. Structure F of the Invention: Means for Solving Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the construction block body of the present invention has the following features:
The following configuration (technical measures) will be adopted.

That is, the side plate of the construction block body of the first invention has a shape that can be assembled with the vertically adjacent block body, and the side plate 1 of this shape and the side plate 1 in contact with +11 are connected. It is characterized in that it is joined and fixed by a tool 2.

The second invention also includes two side plates 1 which are arranged facing each other in relation to the construction block body and have the same shape as the first side plate described above, and a connecting tool for connecting the side plates 1 to each other. It is characterized by being connected by 3.

The reinforcing portions 14 fixed to the first and second construction blocks are oriented horizontally, vertically, and diagonally with respect to the ground. That is, all the reinforcing parts 14 of all the assembled construction blocks face in the same direction.

[Function 1] It is easy to attach and detach the side plate and the connector, and since the connector can be moved freely in any direction, it can be applied to walls of various shapes.

Additionally, since the joint between the side plate and the connector is reinforced, the thickness of the side plate can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the side plates are crimped and bonded to each other, it can also be used as a replacement for concrete formwork.

[Example] An example of the construction block body of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment (first embodiment) of the present invention, and show a construction block mainly applied to fences and walls.

That is, FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the assembly from the surface direction of the side plate, FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the assembly from the back side of the punched plate, and FIG.
A cross section taken along line A-A in the figure is shown. 4 and 5 show the members used in this block body.

FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of the connecting member, and FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the fastener of the connecting member.

The side plate 1 is made of a suitable hard material such as concrete, tile, or synthetic plum fat, has a predetermined wall thickness, and has a rectangular shape.

10 is the surface of the side plate 1, and the surface 10 is decorated. 11 is its back side.

Steps 12 are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the side plates as necessary to engage with other side plates 1 disposed in the vertical direction.

One or more lateral grooves, that is, dovetail grooves 13 are formed on the back surface of the side plate 1 in a row in the lateral direction.

The connector 2 is a device for connecting adjacent side plates and has a rectangular shape. The connecting member 20 has two dovetail members 21 and a fastening tool 22 near the upper and lower ends, each having a shape that can be fitted into the dovetail groove 13 of the side plate. Further, a fastener 23 may be used instead of the fastener 22 depending on the structure of the fence or wall and the purpose of use.

Near the center of the other side of the dovetail member 21, a threaded bolt 25 that can be rotated with a fastener is fixed.

Therefore, the dovetail member fitted in the dovetail groove inserts the connecting bolt 25 into the connecting member, and is rotated and tightened by the fastener through the connecting member, so that the blocks are firmly tightened together. The fastener 22 may be a normal nut, but a winged nut is easier to tighten. Furthermore, if the semicircular material is fixed to a known nut, it will be easier to assemble the block body.

A crimp protrusion 24 is provided at the center of the connecting member, if necessary. This has a shape that fits into the recess 15 of the side plate, and by providing this crimp projection 24, the connection between adjacent side plates becomes stronger.

It is also possible to connect three or more side plates.

Also, depending on the scale, shape, and material of the structure, this crimp protrusion 24 may
In some cases, it is not provided.

The material of the connector may be the same as or different from the material of the side plate.

The block body A and the adjacent block body B are stacked together via connectors 2 as shown in FIG. That is, the dovetail member 21 of the connector 2 is inserted into the dovetail groove 13 of the side plate 1.

This is firmly fixed using the fastener 22 or 23. It can also be fixed using adhesive.

After construction of this construction block body, bending stress and shear stress are applied to the dovetail groove 13, and it is conceivable that cracks and damage occur at the contact portion between the dovetail member 21 and the dovetail groove 13.

In order to avoid such a phenomenon, a reinforcing portion 14 is provided around the dovetail groove 13. By providing this reinforcing portion 14, the contact area between the dovetail groove 13 and the dovetail member 21 is increased, and the integrity and adhesion between the side plate 1 and the connector 2 are increased, and the connection is made even when stress is applied to the side plate. It can sufficiently withstand even if it is distributed to the ingredients and subjected to shear stress.

FIG. 6 shows a retaining wall using construction blocks.

In the figure, C is the ground, and this ground C is dug and foundation stones 50 are laid.

A concrete footing 51 is cast thereon, and an anchor 42 and a fixture 41 are installed at the rear of the footing.

Thereafter, the construction block body A is stacked to the top, and a binding material is installed through the fixtures 23 and 41 in order to maintain the slope slope of the construction block surface and to resist concrete pressure and backfilling stone pressure. Tightened by 4.

As a device for connecting the footing 51 and the construction block body A, an L-shaped connector 2 is used. The footing and the connector may be connected to the aforementioned dovetail member by providing a dovetail groove in the footing, or may be connected by an anchor 42.

In this way, the connector can take any shape depending on the situation, and the connection method also corresponds to that shape.

Next, filling concrete 53 is cast and backfilling chestnut stone 52 is filled into the back surface of the retaining wall.

As a result, the construction block body A and the filling concrete 5
3 are integrated to form a retaining wall.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 7 to 10 show other embodiments of the construction block body of the present invention. In the figures, the same reference numerals are given to the same members as in the previous embodiment.

7 and 8 show exploded perspective views of each member of this block body, and FIG. 9 shows an overall plan view of the construction block body when each member of this block body is assembled. FIG. 10 shows a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 9.

The side plates 1 are the same as those in the previous embodiment, and these two side plates 1 are arranged facing each other and are connected by a connector 3.

The connector 3 has a flat abdominal plate 3 as shown in FIG. 7(b).
1 and flanges 33 fixed on both sides of the belly plate 31 form an H-shape, and have two dovetail members 32 above and below this flange 33.

The connector has a predetermined rigidity depending on the thickness of the new design, and the belly plate 3
The width of 1 determines the page spacing between the side plates 1 and the side plates 1.

That is, the dovetail member 32 of the connector 3 is inserted into the dovetail 1113 of the side plate 1. Both are firmly fixed directly or through an adhesive.

One or more connectors 3 can connect the side plates (
In this embodiment, there is one piece), so the rigidity is maintained independently.

Dovetail groove 13 and dovetail members 32 and 34 of side plate and connector
is one or two or more, and the dovetail members and dovetail grooves usually correspond in number, but depending on necessity, they may not correspond.

Further, after the opposing side plates 1 and the side plates 1 are fixed together, filling concrete can be placed between them. As a result, the construction block body H becomes an integral structure, and the strength of the structure increases.

In addition, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 8, the connector 3 has an H-shape formed by a rectangular belly plate 31 and flanges 33 fixed on both sides of the belly plate 31. A dovetail member 34 and a fastener 35 are provided above and below this flange 33.

Further, a crimping protrusion 36 is provided at the center of the flange if necessary. This includes the side plate 1 and the connector 3 as in the previous embodiment.
This crimp protrusion 33 may not be provided depending on the scale, shape, and material of the structure.

The dovetail member 34 of this connector 3 is connected to the dovetail 1 of the side plate 1! II
t13, and firmly secure the two together using the fastener 3. Alternatively, an adhesive may be used.

The flange 33 and the dovetail member 34 may be made integrally without being separated and tightened with the fastener 35 as described above.

However, the side plate and connector having such a structure are
The unit blocks H are assembled as shown in the figures and FIG. 10.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of this construction block body, in which opposing side plates 1 are connected via connectors 3 to form a block body H. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 9.

The invention of the present patent application is based on "Patent Application No. 311640 of 1983 Δ Title of Invention "Construction Block Body and Connecting Member thereof" and "Patent Application No. 5132 of 1998" filed by the present applicant.
No. 1” Invention title: “Construction block body and its connecting member”
and [Patent Application No. 14689 of 1999] Invention Title [The invention of this patent application can also be used in the construction block body 1.

The building block body of the present invention can be used in various places in a construction.

Since the building blocks of the first embodiment are formed relatively thin, walls and retaining walls can be built by engaging these blocks vertically and laterally.

It can also be used as a decorative board formwork in place of concrete formwork.

In the second embodiment, the materials of the front and back side plates can be changed, and can be freely adapted to the purpose of the structure.

The construction block body of the present invention is not limited to those described in FIGS. 1 to 10 above, but can be constructed by changing the shape of the side plate and the fixing direction of the dovetail groove depending on the purpose. We can provide various masonry layouts. An example of this is shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.

FIG. 11 is a front view of masonry when the known masonry method for retaining walls of valley masonry blocks is replaced with the construction block body of the present invention, where solid lines represent block joint lines, dotted lines represent dovetail grooves,
Dovetail members and fasteners are shown. The bottom end is a foundation block body, and the top end is a top block body E, both of which are pentagonal construction blocks with horizontal dovetail grooves 13.

In the middle, the rectangular construction block body A has two dovetail grooves horizontally, and the two bottom sides of the block body are fitted into the two valley-shaped sides of the basic block body. The other one dovetail groove and each dovetail groove of the base block body are tightened and fixed by the aforementioned connecting tool 2. The connection between the top block E and the block A is also tightened and fixed in the same manner as the base block described above. The intermediate block body A is stacked diagonally, and the adjacent upper and lower dovetail grooves are tightened and fixed vertically and horizontally using connectors in the same manner as described above.

FIG. 12 shows a masonry cross section when the construction block A of the present invention is applied to a conventional concrete formwork.

The surface 10 of the side plate in FIG. 1 is on the filled concrete side, the block bodies A are stacked facing each other, and the dovetail grooves 13 between adjacent blocks are fixed by the connectors 2 as described above. are doing. In this case, the connector 2 is fixed across the three block bodies A.
Depending on the purpose, it may span two blocks A as shown in FIG. The connector shown in FIG. 2 may also be installed across three or more blocks as shown in FIG. 12. Similarly, crimp projections 24 can also be provided if necessary.

Depending on the strength of the material of the connector 2, the masonry blocks A are arranged horizontally at several steps apart using known horizontal crosspieces F.
are installed, and the opposing horizontal crosspieces F are spaced apart by separators G, and then tightened with known fasteners G. Thereafter, reinforcing bars I are arranged between the blocks as necessary, and then filling concrete 53 is placed.

After the concrete has hardened, remove the fasteners, crosspieces, separators, and the professional lance.

In this way, this construction block can be used for various constructions depending on the purpose.

Next, as an application of the third embodiment, the structure of the dovetail groove and dovetail member of the present invention is not limited to the structure described in FIGS. 1 to 12, but also includes the structure shown in FIG. 13. It is.

FIGS. 13(a) to (c) are detailed plan views of the dovetail groove of the side plate, the reinforcing portion, and the fitting state of the connector, and FIG. 13(a) is the shape of the dovetail member of the connector 2.3. has a T-shape, and the dovetail member shown in FIG. 3(b) has an L-shape.

The dovetail member shown in FIG. 2C has a T-shape, but the dovetail groove on the side plate has a triangular shape. In this case, this gap is filled with a filler K such as mortar.

The shape of the dovetail groove in FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b) corresponds to the shape of the dovetail member, but the dovetail groove in FIG. 13(c) has a shape that corresponds to the dovetail member. I have to.

As described above, the dovetail groove and dovetail member of the present invention have any shape as long as they can be fitted, and a filler may or may not be provided depending on the purpose of the construction block.

C.3 Effects of the Invention In the present invention, by providing a reinforcing portion in the dovetail groove portion of the side plate, the adhesion between the dovetail groove and the dovetail member is enhanced, and the resistance to bending stress is strengthened. This allows the side plate to be made thinner and the weight to be reduced.

Furthermore, since the connector is equipped, the masonry method is simplified, and the masonry can be performed without the skill of a skilled worker. This can improve construction efficiency and reduce construction costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the construction block of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment (first embodiment) of the block body as seen from the surface of the side plate. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stacked blocks seen from the back. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a connector used in this block body. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the fastener. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the construction of a retaining wall using this block body. FIG. 7(a) is a perspective view of a side plate, which is a member of a block body, of another embodiment (second embodiment), viewed from the back. Figure 7 (
b) is a perspective view of a connector used in this block body. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a connector with a fastener. FIG. 9 is a plan view (sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 10) of the block body in an assembled state. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 9. Fig. 11 shows the masonry front view of the block body, and Fig. 12 shows the masonry cross section when the block body is used as a formwork. FIGS. 13(a) to 13(C) show detailed fitting plan views when the shapes of the dovetail groove and the dovetail member are variously changed. 1... Side plate 10... Surface of side plate 11... Back side of side plate 12... Step part 13... Dovetail groove 14... Reinforcement part 15... Recessed part 2... Connection Tool 20... Connecting member 21... Dovetail member 22... Tightening tool 23... Tightening tool 24... Crimping protrusion 25... Connection bolt 3... Connecting tool 31... Belt Plate 32...Dovetail member 33...Flange 3.4...Dovetail member 35...Tightening tool 36...Crimp projection 4...Tightening material 41...Fixing tool 42...Anchor 50... Foundation chestnut stone 51... Footing 52... Backfilling chestnut stone 53... Filling concrete A... Building block body B... Building block body C... Ground D... Foundation block body E...Top block body F...Horizontal crosspiece G...Fastening fittings H...Construction block body■...Reinforcement bar

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) Dovetail grooves and reinforcing portions are provided in one or more locations in any direction on one side plate having any shape that allows masonry to be used for adjacent construction. A construction block body and a method for connecting the same, characterized in that a connector is fitted into a dovetail groove of the block body and the construction block bodies are fastened to each other by a tightening tool. 2) Two side plates with any shape that can be assembled are fixed with dovetail grooves and reinforcing parts in one or more arbitrary directions, and the dovetail grooves of the side plates are fixed at regular intervals. A construction block body and a method for connecting the same, characterized in that the blocks are installed facing each other, and one or more connectors are fitted and fixed in the opposing dovetail grooves.