JPH04126822U - Sorting machine for waste plastic materials based on melting temperature difference - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To easily classify waste plastic materials containing at least two types of plastics with different melting temperatures into molten plastics and non-melt plastics using a melting means heated to an intermediate temperature. To provide a sorting machine for waste plastic materials based on a difference in melting temperature, which is configured as follows. [Structure] Waste plastic materials containing at least two types of plastics with different melting temperatures are supplied by a supply means.
The low melting point plastic is supplied to a melting means containing a molten material heated to an intermediate temperature between these melting temperatures, and the low melting point plastic is melted and adhered to the melting means, and is scraped off by the peeling means, and the high melting point plastic is left in an unmolten state. The waste plastic materials are sorted into two categories as they are taken out.

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

0001

[Industrial application field]

This invention includes two or more types of plastics with different melting temperatures (thermal decomposition temperatures). Waste plastic materials are melted using a melting method heated to a temperature intermediate between those melting temperatures. The present invention relates to a device for separating and sorting.

0002

[Conventional technology]

Plastic material is used because it has excellent waterproof properties and can be manufactured in large quantities hygienically. In particular, packaging materials for food products have become widely used, and along with this, used plastic Large amounts of plastic packaging materials are now being discarded. At present, most of the waste plastic Stick materials are either incinerated or sent to landfills.

0003

[Problem that the idea aims to solve]

Incineration is relatively easy if the equipment is in place, but it is difficult to dispose of waste plastic materials. When polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is burned, it releases highly poisonous dioxin depending on the temperature. This has become a social problem as it often causes nuisance. Ordinary plastic material It hardly decomposes or corrodes in the soil, and remains forever and does not pollute the environment. They often cause pollution or are washed into the ocean, which has a negative impact on marine life.

0004 Plastic materials are a resource that can be recycled repeatedly if sorted by type, and are environmentally friendly. Sorting waste plastic materials is an important issue for conservation and resource reuse. be. for example. Polyvinyl chloride, which releases highly toxic substances when burned, can be recycled and reused. , polyethylene, etc., are waste reduction products that the inventor of the present application applied for earlier and the decision to publish has been made. It is supplied to a solidification device (such as Utility Model Publication No. 63-25132) and used as aggregate, solid fuel, etc. It can be converted into a usable solid product. Therefore, the present invention solves the problem of melting temperature difference. Waste plastic materials containing at least two types of plastic materials are A structure that utilizes the difference in melting temperature to sequentially divide into two types so that they can be recycled. The purpose is to provide a sorting machine that is easy to build.

[0005]

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has developed at least two types of Supply means of waste plastic materials including plastics and the above two types of melting temperatures The melt heated to an intermediate temperature receives a supply of waste plastic material from the above supply means. and a low melting temperature plastic welded from the melting surface adjacent to the melting means. Discarded plastic by melting temperature difference, consisting of a peeling means for peeling off the plastic. The company provides a sorting machine for wood materials.

[0006]

【Example】

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 indicates polyethylene (PE) with a melting point of 264°C. No. H) (polypropylene may also be used) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with a melting point of 180°C. ・・・The waste plastic material W mixed with L) in the figure is heated to 183±2°C. This is a sorting machine that uses a fusing means 20 to sort out the waste that is fed to the machine 1. The plastic material W is crushed and pulverized in advance by a crusher to a size of about 10 to 15 mm. It is cut into small pieces, washed to remove deposits, and dried with a hair dryer.

[0007] In FIGS. 1 to 3, a typical sorting machine 1 is used as a sorter 1 with a difference in melting temperature as described above. Waste plastic material W mixed with polyethylene H and polyvinyl chloride L is used as shown above. A belt conveyor 10 supplies the pre-treated material to 183±2℃. a pair of melting rolls 20, 20 having circumferential walls 21, 21; The polychloride welded from the peripheral surfaces 21a, 21a of the roll melting surface adjacent to each of the Peeling blades 30, 30 for peeling off the vinyl melt L', and each blade 30, 30 Chutes 41, 41 and rolls 20, 2 containing the peeled melt L' below A shoe combined with a chute 42 that accommodates the polyethylene H that has passed through the and a seat assembly 40.

[0008] The melting rolls 20, 20 are arranged in parallel with a gap of 5 to 20 mm, and the relatively slowly (for example) by means of a drive means (not shown) consisting of a 3-6r. p. m) Rotated in the direction of arrow a at the same speed or with a speed difference At the above temperature, an electric heater 23 as shown in Fig. 2 or heating steam S as shown in Fig. 3 is used. It is supplied and heated. In the case of electric heater 23, contact The contacts 23a, 23a and the contact rings 23b, 23b on the insulating side wall 22 Power is supplied via the Also, in the case of superheated steam, one rotor The hollow part of the rotor (near the circumferential surface 21a) is connected via the rotary joint 24a at the center of the support shaft The superheated steam S is supplied to the rotor support shaft 20a, 4 is configured to be collected from the rotary joint 24a at the center of the rotary joint 24a. Above set temperature A contact or non-contact thermometer (not shown) is provided as appropriate to confirm the temperature. little At least the peripheral wall 21 is made of heat-resistant steel.

[0009] The peeling blade 30 attaches its edge to the roll peripheral surface 21a by a spring 32. 31 is pressed, and the direction from both outer sides to the center inner side is applied at the bottom of the roll 20. I'm being kicked. A waste pump is supplied from above to the opposing parts of the superheated rolls 20, 20. The polyvinyl chloride L of the plastic material W is melt-welded on the peripheral surface 21a and its The molten material L' is scraped off by the blade 30, and the chutes 41, 4 It is accepted as 1. The polyethylene H is passed through the chute 4 between the rolls 20 and 20. It is accepted as 2.

0010 In FIG. 4, the sorting machine 1' as an application example uses the roll 20 as a melting means. , 20 are replaced by belt conveyors 25, 25, and a peeling gear 35 is used as a peeling means. are using. The conveyor 25 includes a thin plate belt 26 made of heat-resistant steel and a tensioned belt. It consists of pulleys 27 and 28, with a heating plate 29 on the inside facing side and a heating plate 29 on the inside facing outward. is equipped with a peelable support plate 29a. The opposing surfaces of the belts 26, 26 have a large upper interval. It forms a downwardly tapered space with a small downward distance. One pulley 28 is , it is rotated by a driving means consisting of a motor and a speed reducer, and the arrow The belt 26 is slowly moved in the direction b at the same speed or with a speed difference (for example, 5 to 15 m/min).

[0011] The superheating plate 29 generates heat using an electric resistance method or a superheated steam method, and heats the inside of the belt 26. It is designed to have long contact with the sides and transfer heat. The peeling gear 35 is a support plate 29a, which is supported from the inside by a relatively high speed The melted polyvinyl chloride L is rotated by a motor or the like in the direction of arrow c. ′ is scraped off. This belt conveyor type sorting machine 1' is a roll Compared to the formula, the heating space and time for waste plastic W can be longer. , which has the advantage of increasing the sorting speed.

0012 The peeling blade 30 of the above representative example is also used in this application example, and the peeling gear 3 5 is also used in the above representative example. As a melting means, as shown in Figure 5 Using a cyclone chamber 2 in which hot air of about 183°C flows in a whirlpool, this whirlpool hot air A Put the waste plastic W on the cyclone chamber, melt the polyvinyl chloride L and put it on the inside of the cyclone chamber. After adhesion, scrape it off with the peeling means 3, and remove the polyethylene H from the hot air outlet movable grid, It is also configured to be captured on a conveyor belt. Adhesive melt L′ on the inner surface may be scraped off by a rotary peeling means. Furthermore, waste plastic materials W In addition to the above-mentioned polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene (polypropylene), A mixture of various plastics can be used if there is.

[0013]

[Effect of the idea]

As mentioned above, the present invention's waste plastic material sorting machine based on the difference in melting temperature can be used to With a simple configuration, it is possible to handle at least two types of waste plastics with different melting temperatures. one of them is melted by a melting means at an intermediate temperature, and then peeled off by a peeling means and collected. , the other can be collected as is and classified into two types, and it releases harmful gases when incinerated. Optimal processing methods, such as removing waste materials and recycling useful plastics, This makes it possible to optimize and reuse resources.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a waste plastic material sorting machine based on melting temperature difference, which is a typical example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway sectional view of an example of a roll.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another example of a roll.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a sorting machine according to an applied example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a sorting machine according to another application example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1', 1'' Waste plastic material sorter 10 based on melting temperature difference Supply means 2, 20, 25 Melting means 3, 30, 35 Peeling means W Waste plastic material L Low melting point plastic H High melting point plastic

Claims (4)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A means for supplying waste plastic material containing different types of plastics having different melting temperatures; A melting temperature difference characterized in that it is comprised of a melting means that receives a supply of plastic material, and a peeling means adjacent to the melting means that peels off the low melting temperature plastic welded from the melting surface of the melting means. A sorting machine for waste plastic materials. 2. The melting means comprises a pair of rolls having circumferential surfaces facing each other with an extremely small gap therebetween.
sorting machine. 3. The sorting machine of claim 1, wherein said melting means comprises a pair of opposed belt conveyors having circumferential surfaces facing each other with a small gap therebetween. 4. The sorting machine according to claim 2, wherein the melting means operate with a relative rotation speed difference.