JPH0412583B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0412583B2 JPH0412583B2 JP59055255A JP5525584A JPH0412583B2 JP H0412583 B2 JPH0412583 B2 JP H0412583B2 JP 59055255 A JP59055255 A JP 59055255A JP 5525584 A JP5525584 A JP 5525584A JP H0412583 B2 JPH0412583 B2 JP H0412583B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- arc tube
- electrode
- electrodes
- sealing part
- metal halide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 40W metal halide Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HUIHCQPFSRNMNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K scandium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound [Sc+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] HUIHCQPFSRNMNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
- H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の技術分野〕
本発明は特には屋内照明に適する100W以下の
小形メタルハライドランプに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a small metal halide lamp of 100 W or less, which is particularly suitable for indoor lighting.
近年省エネルギーの見地から、従来一般家庭等
の屋内照明用に多用されていた白熱電球に替わ
り、高効率で高演色性の小形メタルハライドラン
プの開発が要請されている。
In recent years, from the standpoint of energy conservation, there has been a demand for the development of compact metal halide lamps with high efficiency and high color rendering properties to replace incandescent light bulbs, which have traditionally been widely used for indoor lighting in general homes.
従来においては200W以上の中、大形メタルハ
ライドランプが既に知られているが、これらラン
プは光束値が白熱電球に較べて格段に高く、演色
性を要求される屋内で使用されるとしても光量が
多く活用できるように比較的高い場所に設置して
使用されている。しかしながら100W以下の小形
になつてくると、白熱電球と同様に比較的低い場
所から直接被照射体を照射して被照射体をきわだ
たせるような使用形態が生じてくる。このため、
従来の中、大形メタルハライドランプにおいては
大して重要とされなかつた配光、特に直下照度が
かなり大きな問題として考慮されなければならな
い。 Conventionally, large metal halide lamps of 200 W or more are already known, but these lamps have a much higher luminous flux value than incandescent bulbs, and even if used indoors where color rendering is required, the light intensity is low. It is installed and used in a relatively high place so that it can be used frequently. However, as light bulbs become smaller and weigh less than 100W, they are used in a manner similar to incandescent light bulbs, in which the irradiated object is directly irradiated from a relatively low place to make the irradiated object stand out. For this reason,
Conventionally, light distribution, which has not been considered very important in large metal halide lamps, has to be taken into consideration, especially direct illumination, as a very important issue.
一般に高圧金属蒸気放電灯は、両端に対向して
一対の電極を封止した発光管構造を有しており、
屋内照明としては両端封止部が上下方向の姿勢と
なるたとえば垂直点灯で使用されることが多く、
両電極間の高圧放電によつて発せられる可視光に
より明るさを得ている。したがつて放電空間から
発せられる可視光は封止部方向では明るさが減じ
られるものであり、この封止部による配光の不均
一さは従来から問題とされていたが、点灯位置が
被照射体よりかなり高位置に設置されることおよ
び複数個のランプと併用されることなどにより、
被照射面の照度分布はかなり均等にすることがで
きた。 Generally, high-pressure metal vapor discharge lamps have an arc tube structure with a pair of electrodes sealed at opposite ends.
For indoor lighting, it is often used in vertical lighting, where the sealing parts at both ends are vertically oriented.
Brightness is obtained from visible light emitted by high-pressure discharge between both electrodes. Therefore, the brightness of the visible light emitted from the discharge space is reduced in the direction of the sealing part, and uneven light distribution due to the sealing part has been a problem in the past, but Due to the fact that it is installed at a considerably higher position than the irradiator and is used in conjunction with multiple lamps,
The illuminance distribution on the irradiated surface could be made fairly uniform.
しかしながら本発明で対象としている100W以
下の小形メタルハライドランプのように、直接被
照射体を照射し、かつ一般家庭のごとく比較的低
い位置に設置される場合には従来構造のままであ
ると被照射体に明るさのむらを生じる欠点があ
る。 However, when the object of this invention is a small metal halide lamp of 100W or less, which directly irradiates the object to be irradiated and is installed at a relatively low position such as in a general household, the conventional structure remains the same. It has the disadvantage of causing uneven brightness on the body.
本発明はこのような従来の欠点に対処してなさ
れたもので、発光管の封止部方向の明るさを増し
て配光特性の均一化が可能となり、省エネルギー
の観点から高効率さを損うことのない100W以下
の小形メタルハライドランプを提供しようとする
ものである。
The present invention has been made to address these conventional drawbacks, and it is possible to increase the brightness in the direction of the sealing part of the arc tube and make the light distribution characteristics uniform, thereby avoiding the loss of high efficiency from the viewpoint of energy saving. The aim is to provide a small metal halide lamp of 100W or less that will not cause any problems.
本発明は電極の離間距離、電極の最大径、電極
先端から電極最大径までの長さ、電極の発光管内
突出長および発光管封止部の厚さの各関係を規制
することによつて電極による配光のむらを減少
し、かつ発光管の封止部の厚さと発光管中央部の
内径との比を規制することによつて封止部方向の
光量を増すようにしたことを特徴とする。
The present invention is capable of controlling the relationship between the electrode separation distance, the maximum diameter of the electrode, the length from the tip of the electrode to the maximum diameter of the electrode, the protrusion length of the electrode into the arc tube, and the thickness of the arc tube sealing part. The invention is characterized by reducing the unevenness of light distribution caused by the arc tube, and increasing the amount of light in the direction of the sealing part by regulating the ratio between the thickness of the sealing part of the arc tube and the inner diameter of the central part of the arc tube. .
以下本発明の一実施例を図面を参照して説明す
る。第１図は40W小形メタルハライドランプの正
面図、第２図は同じそのランプの発光管の縦断面
図を示す。
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 shows a front view of a 40W small metal halide lamp, and Figure 2 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the arc tube of the same lamp.
図において１は石英ガラスなどの耐熱性透光物
質からなる発光管で、その両端にはタングステン
等の高融点金属からなる一対の電極２，３が対設
してある。電極２，３はモリブデン等の金属箔
４，４に接続され、これら金属箔４，４は発光管
１の両端部に形成した封止部５，５内に封着され
ている。金属箔４，４はウエルズ６，６に接続さ
れ、これらウエルズ６，６を介して電極２，３に
電圧が印加される。発光管１はその放電空間部分
が球状もしくは楕円球状となるように、たとえば
膨出成形されており、放電空間内におけるガスの
対流を円滑に生じさせるようになつている。ま
た、発光管１内には始動用希ガスとしてたとえば
アルゴンガス100torr、水銀10mgおよび金属ハロ
ゲン化物としてたとえば沃化スカンジウムと沃化
ナトリウムが合計で２mg封入され、この発光管１
は、さらに内部を真空または窒素などの不活性ガ
スを封入した外管７内に収容されている。外管７
は白熱電球のバルブと同様な外観と大きさを有
し、その一端には端子８ａを設けたねじ込み形口
金８が装着されている。また、外管７のステム９
にはリード線１０ａ，１０ｂが植設され、一方の
リード線１０ａは支持線１を介して一方の電極２
に、また他方のリード線１０ｂは導電ワイヤ１２
を介して他方の電極３に接続されている。 In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an arc tube made of a heat-resistant light-transmitting material such as quartz glass, and a pair of electrodes 2 and 3 made of a high-melting point metal such as tungsten are provided at both ends thereof. The electrodes 2, 3 are connected to metal foils 4, 4 made of molybdenum or the like, and these metal foils 4, 4 are sealed in sealing parts 5, 5 formed at both ends of the arc tube 1. The metal foils 4, 4 are connected to wells 6, 6, and a voltage is applied to the electrodes 2, 3 via these wells 6, 6. The arc tube 1 is bulged, for example, so that its discharge space is spherical or ellipsoidal, so that gas convection can occur smoothly within the discharge space. Further, in the arc tube 1, a starting rare gas such as 100 torr of argon gas and 10 mg of mercury and a total of 2 mg of metal halides such as scandium iodide and sodium iodide are sealed.
is housed in an outer tube 7 whose interior is vacuumed or filled with an inert gas such as nitrogen. Outer tube 7
has an appearance and size similar to an incandescent light bulb, and has a screw-type base 8 equipped with a terminal 8a attached to one end thereof. In addition, the stem 9 of the outer tube 7
Lead wires 10a and 10b are implanted in the electrodes 10a and 10b, and one lead wire 10a is connected to one electrode 2 via the support wire 1.
In addition, the other lead wire 10b is a conductive wire 12
It is connected to the other electrode 3 via.
しかして、上記発光管１は第２図に示すように
その中央部の内径Ｄが８mmのほぼ球形をなし、そ
の両端には離間距離Ｌ＝５mmを隔だてて一対の電
極２，３を設け、これら電極２，３はそれぞれ径
0.18mmのタングステン線に径0.06mmのタングステ
ン線を巻回したものを径0.2mmのタングステン製
電極軸１３，１３に巻装してなり、電極コイル１
４，１４径が電極２，３の最大径ｄとなり、この
場合ｄ＝0.8mmとなつてる。また、電極２，３の
先端から電極の最大径つまりこの場合は電極コイ
ル１４，１４径までの長さ△ｌは、本実施例では
電極軸１３の放電側先端と電極コイル１４の先端
とは同一つら位置にあるから△ｌ＝０（mm）とな
る。 As shown in FIG. 2, the arc tube 1 has an almost spherical shape with an inner diameter D of 8 mm at its center, and a pair of electrodes 2 and 3 are provided at both ends with a distance L=5 mm. These electrodes 2 and 3 each have a diameter
The electrode coil 1 is made by winding a 0.06 mm diameter tungsten wire around a 0.18 mm tungsten wire and winding it around 0.2 mm diameter tungsten electrode shafts 13, 13.
The diameters 4 and 14 are the maximum diameters d of the electrodes 2 and 3, and in this case d=0.8 mm. In addition, the length Δl from the tips of the electrodes 2 and 3 to the maximum diameter of the electrodes, that is, the diameter of the electrode coils 14 and 14 in this case, is the distance between the discharge side tip of the electrode shaft 13 and the tip of the electrode coil 14 in this embodiment. Since they are in the same position, Δl=0 (mm).
さらに電極２，３の発光管内突出長ｌは2.0mm、
封止部５の厚さｔは2.5mmとなるよう設定されて
いる。 Furthermore, the protrusion length l of electrodes 2 and 3 into the arc tube is 2.0 mm.
The thickness t of the sealing portion 5 is set to be 2.5 mm.
つまり、 ｄ／0.5L＋△ｌ＝0.8／0.5×５＋０＝0.32 ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ＝2.5／５＋２＝0.36 であり、したがつて ｄ／0.5L＋△ｌ＝0.32＜ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ＝0.36 ……(1) となる。 In other words, d/0.5L+△l=0.8/0.5×5+0=0.32 t/L+l=2.5/5+2=0.36 and therefore d/0.5L+△l=0.32<t/L+l=0.36...(1) becomes.
このような構造の発光管１を収容したランプを
口金８側を上にして垂直点灯すると、上部電極２
の先端部を頂点とし封止部５の厚さｔ＝2.5mmを
のぞむ角度W1は(1)式の右辺に相当し、一方両電
極２，３の離間距離Ｌ＝５mmの中心Ａを頂点とし
て下部電極３の最大径ｄ＝0.8mmをのぞむ角度W2
は左辺に相当するから、(1)式が成立するというこ
とは発光管の発光部であるアーク長つまり電極間
距離Ｌ（mm）について、２倍の距離の所から見込
んでも封止部５の厚さの方が電極３の最大径より
も外側にあるということを示し、したがつて相対
的に電極３がアークからの光を遮ぎる作用が封止
部５のそれよりも少ないことを示している。しか
も実際のアークには幅があり、かつ、重力の影響
でアークの上部ほどその幅は広がるので、上記(1)
式に示した値よりも一層電極３が配光に及ぼす影
響は少ないものと推定されるが、しかしながら上
記(1)式で相対的な影響度は推定できることを次の
試験により確認した。 When a lamp containing an arc tube 1 having such a structure is lit vertically with the base 8 facing upward, the upper electrode 2
The angle W 1 that takes the tip of the electrode as its apex and looks at the thickness t = 2.5 mm of the sealing part 5 corresponds to the right side of equation (1), while the apex is the center A of the distance L = 5 mm between both electrodes 2 and 3. Angle W 2 that looks at the maximum diameter d = 0.8 mm of the lower electrode 3 as
corresponds to the left-hand side, so equation (1) holds true, which means that the arc length of the light-emitting part of the arc tube, that is, the distance between the electrodes L (mm), is the same as that of the sealing part 5 even when considered from twice the distance. This indicates that the thickness is on the outside of the maximum diameter of the electrode 3, and therefore indicates that the electrode 3 has a relatively smaller effect of blocking light from the arc than the sealing portion 5. ing. Moreover, an actual arc has a width, and the width increases towards the top of the arc due to the influence of gravity, so (1)
Although it is estimated that the influence of the electrode 3 on the light distribution is smaller than the value shown in the formula, it was confirmed through the following test that the relative degree of influence can be estimated using the above formula (1).
すなわち、この試験は、
ｄ／nL＋△ｌ＝ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ ……(2)
なる(2)式を満足するランプをＬの係数であるｎを
０＜ｎ≦１の範囲で種々変化さして製作し、これ
等各種ランプについてその直下照度に及ぼす影響
を測定した結果を第３図に示す。 In other words, in this test, lamps satisfying the formula (2) were manufactured by varying n, the coefficient of L, within the range of 0<n≦1. FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring the influence of these various lamps on the illuminance directly below.
測定はランプをその口金８側を上にした垂直点
灯におけるもので、縦軸は1000lm照度（Cd）で
示した直下照度であり、横軸はＬ（電極間距離）
の係数ｎを示す。また、各ランプは全て発光管の
封止部５の厚さｔ（mm）と発光管中央部の内径Ｄ
（mm）との比ｔ／Ｄは一定となるように形成して
ある。 Measurements were made when the lamp was lit vertically with its base 8 side facing up. The vertical axis is the direct illuminance expressed in 1000 lm illuminance (Cd), and the horizontal axis is L (distance between electrodes).
indicates the coefficient n of In addition, each lamp has a thickness t (mm) of the sealing part 5 of the arc tube and an inner diameter D of the center part of the arc tube.
(mm) is formed so that the ratio t/D is constant.
第３図からｎが大きくなるにつれて電極の光を
遮蔽する割合が大きくなるので直下照度は次第に
低下し、特にｎが0.5を越えると急激に下降する
ことが判る。すなわちｎ≦0.5が望ましく、した
がつて
ｄ／0.5L＋△ｌ≦ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ ……(3)
を満足するようにすれば直下照度を向上できるこ
とが判る。この効果は主に電極が配光に及ぼす影
響を小さくしたために得られるものと推定され
る。 It can be seen from FIG. 3 that as n increases, the proportion of light shielded by the electrode increases, so that the illuminance directly below gradually decreases, and particularly when n exceeds 0.5, it decreases rapidly. That is, it is desirable that n≦0.5, and therefore, it can be seen that the direct illuminance can be improved by satisfying d/0.5L+△l≦t/L+l (3). It is presumed that this effect is mainly obtained by reducing the influence of the electrodes on light distribution.
次に小形メタルハライドランプの配光に影響が
あると思われる要件に封止部５がある。封止部５
の大きさ特にその断面積の大きさは発光管１から
封止部５方向へ放射される光路を遮断するので、
上記断面積は小さくする程、配光への影響を少な
くできることは明らかである。ところで、封止部
５は通常上記のように極めて薄い箔状に形成され
た金属箔４を気密に封着するため、扁平に圧潰封
止された形状に形成される。したがつて、この扁
平な封止部断面積を小さするに際し、封止部の幅
または厚さのどちらかを同一寸法縮少する場合、
幅に較べてはるかに長さの短かい厚さの方を縮少
する方が断面積をより小さくできることは計算上
からも明らかである。したがつて、本発明では上
記配光に影響を与える封止部の大きさを検討する
に際し、封止部の厚さｔを採り上げることにし
た。 Next, the sealing portion 5 is a requirement that seems to affect the light distribution of the small metal halide lamp. Sealing part 5
The size, especially the cross-sectional area, blocks the optical path emitted from the arc tube 1 toward the sealing part 5, so
It is clear that the smaller the cross-sectional area is, the less influence it has on light distribution. By the way, the sealing part 5 is usually formed in a flat, crush-sealed shape in order to hermetically seal the metal foil 4 formed in the shape of an extremely thin foil as described above. Therefore, when reducing the cross-sectional area of this flat sealing part, if either the width or the thickness of the sealing part is reduced by the same size,
It is clear from calculations that the cross-sectional area can be made smaller by reducing the thickness, which is much shorter than the width. Therefore, in the present invention, when considering the size of the sealing part that affects the light distribution, the thickness t of the sealing part is taken up.
なお、封止部５には金属箔４、電極２，３の基
端部およびウエルズ６等を気密に封着しなければ
ならないこと、および機械的強度をある程度保持
させなければならないこと等を考慮した場合、そ
の厚さｔを薄くするには限度がある。本発明にお
いては、この封止部の厚さｔと発光管中央部の内
径Ｄとの関係を規制することによつて、上記封止
部５の気密性、機械的強度に不都合を生じること
なしに、配光分布を改善し、直下照度の向上を可
能とした。 Note that the metal foil 4, the proximal ends of the electrodes 2 and 3, the well 6, etc. must be hermetically sealed in the sealing part 5, and mechanical strength must be maintained to a certain extent, etc. In this case, there is a limit to how thin the thickness t can be. In the present invention, by regulating the relationship between the thickness t of the sealing part and the inner diameter D of the central part of the arc tube, there is no problem with the airtightness and mechanical strength of the sealing part 5. In addition, the light distribution has been improved, making it possible to improve the direct illumination.
この結果を第４図に示す。この場合も上記第３
図の場合と同様にランプ口金８側を上とした垂直
点灯におけるもので、縦軸は1000lmの照度（Cd）
で示す直下照度、横軸はｔ／Ｄの比を示す。 The results are shown in FIG. In this case as well, the third
As in the case shown in the figure, this is when the lamp is lit vertically with the lamp cap 8 side facing up, and the vertical axis is the illuminance (Cd) at 1000 lm.
Direct illuminance is indicated by , and the horizontal axis indicates the ratio of t/D.
なお、試験に使用した発光管の構造は、ｄ＝
0.8mm、△ｌ＝０mm、Ｌ＝5.0mm、ｌ＝2.0mmで、か
つＬの係数ｎを0.45にして上記(2)式
ｄ／nL＋△ｌ＝ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ
を満足させるためｔ＝3.6mmとしてある。 The structure of the arc tube used in the test is d=
0.8mm, △l=0mm, L=5.0mm, l=2.0mm, and the coefficient n of L is 0.45 to satisfy the above equation (2) d/nL+△l=t/L+l t=3.6mm It is as follows.
したがつて、ｎ＝0.45で(2)式を満足する発光管
はとりもなおさず、(3)式の
ｄ／0.5L＋△ｌ≦ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ
を満足していることになる。このような発光管構
造において、さらに発光管中央部の内径Ｄ（mm）
を変化させることによつてｔ／Ｄの値がそれぞれ
異なる発光管を作製したものである。 Therefore, an arc tube that satisfies equation (2) with n=0.45 also satisfies equation (3), d/0.5L+△l≦t/L+l. In such an arc tube structure, the inner diameter D (mm) of the central part of the arc tube is
By changing the value of t/D, arc tubes with different values of t/D were fabricated.
第４図からｔ／Ｄが大きくなるにつれて、つま
り発光管封止部の厚さｔが発光管中央部の内径Ｄ
に対して厚くなるにしたがつて直下照度は次第に
低下し、特にｔ／Ｄが0.4を越えると急激に低下
することが判る。 From Fig. 4, as t/D increases, that is, the thickness t of the arc tube sealing part increases with the inner diameter D at the center of the arc tube.
It can be seen that as the thickness increases, the direct illuminance gradually decreases, and particularly when t/D exceeds 0.4, it decreases rapidly.
したがつて、ｔ／Ｄ値は、
ｔ／Ｄ≦0.4 ……(4)
の範囲におさえれば優れた直下照度を得ることが
できる。 Therefore, if the t/D value is kept within the range of t/D≦0.4 (4), excellent direct illumination can be obtained.
次に(2)式のｎが0.45で(3)式を満足し、かつｔ／
Ｄ＝0.31で(4)式をも満足する本発明の一実施例ラ
ンプ（実線で示す。）と、ｎ＝0.56、ｔ／Ｄ＝
0.43の本発明外のランプ（破線で示す。）の1000l
ｍ当りの照度（Cd）の配光分布の特性図を第５
図に示す。図から判るように配光分布の上方はラ
ンプの口金８が存在するので両者の間にほとんど
差は認められないが、実施例ランプは直下照度に
おいて従来ランプよりもはるかに向上しており、
配光分布が均一化される方向に改善されているこ
とが顕著に現われている。これは発光管１の封止
部５方向への光量を増加することができたためで
ある。 Next, n in equation (2) is 0.45, satisfying equation (3), and t/
An example lamp of the present invention (indicated by a solid line) that also satisfies equation (4) with D=0.31, and a lamp with n=0.56 and t/D=
1000l of a lamp outside the invention (indicated by a dashed line) of 0.43
The characteristic diagram of the light distribution of illuminance per m (Cd) is shown in the fifth figure.
As shown in the figure. As can be seen from the figure, there is almost no difference between the lamp base 8 at the top of the light distribution distribution, but the example lamp has much better direct illuminance than the conventional lamp.
It is clearly seen that the light distribution has been improved to be more uniform. This is because the amount of light directed toward the sealing portion 5 of the arc tube 1 could be increased.
したがつて、本発明は発光管１の両端封止部
５，５が上、下向となる形態たとえば垂直点灯時
における下方向に位置する封止部側による配光の
不均一さを解消することを目的としたものである
から、上記(3)、(4)式を満足するのは点灯時に下方
向とする側の封止部および電極だけでも良いわけ
である。 Therefore, the present invention solves the non-uniformity of light distribution due to the sealing part side located downward when the luminous tube 1 has a configuration in which the sealing parts 5, 5 at both ends face upward and downward, for example, during vertical lighting. Therefore, it is sufficient to satisfy the above equations (3) and (4) only in the sealing part and electrode on the side facing downward during lighting.
以上は40Wのメタルハライドランプについて述
べたが、次に他の実施例である100Wのメタルハ
ライドランプについて述べる。この場合のランプ
の構造は発光管中央部の内径Ｄ＝10.5mm、電極は
径0.2mmのタングステン線に径0.1mmのタングステ
ン線を巻回したものを径0.3mmのタングステン製
電極軸に巻装して内側コイルを形成し、さらにそ
の上に径0.15mmのタングステン線を巻回して外側
コイルを形成したもので、外側コイルの径つまり
電極の最大径ｄは1.4mmに、またコイルから突出
した電極軸の先端つまり電極先端から電極最大径
までの長さ△ｌは0.8mmに設定されている。また
上記構造の電極一対の離間距離Ｌは17mmに、電極
の発光管内突出長ｌは５mm、封止部の厚さｔは
3.5mmにそれぞれ設定されている。 A 40W metal halide lamp has been described above, and next, a 100W metal halide lamp, which is another example, will be described. The structure of the lamp in this case is that the inner diameter D of the central part of the arc tube is 10.5 mm, and the electrode is a 0.2 mm diameter tungsten wire wound with a 0.1 mm diameter tungsten wire wrapped around a 0.3 mm diameter tungsten electrode shaft. The outer coil was formed by winding a tungsten wire with a diameter of 0.15 mm on top of the inner coil. The length Δl from the tip of the electrode shaft, that is, from the tip of the electrode to the maximum diameter of the electrode, is set to 0.8 mm. In addition, the distance L between the pair of electrodes in the above structure is 17 mm, the protrusion length l of the electrodes into the arc tube is 5 mm, and the thickness t of the sealing part is
Each is set to 3.5mm.
したがつて、上記(3)式の 左辺＝ｄ／0.5L＋△ｌ＝1.4／0.5×17＋0.8＝0.151 右辺＝ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ＝3.5／17＋５＝0.159 で(3)式を満足する。 Therefore, the above equation (3) Left side=d/0.5L+△l=1.4/0.5×17+0.8=0.151 Right side=t/L+l=3.5/17+5=0.159 satisfies equation (3).
また、ｔ／Ｄ＝3.5／10.5＝0.33 で(4)式をも満足する。 Also, t/D=3.5/10.5=0.33 also satisfies equation (4).
この実施例の場合も先の40Wメタルハライドラ
ンプの場合と同様に垂直点灯時の直下照度は向上
し、配光特性を改善することができた。 In the case of this example as well, as in the case of the 40W metal halide lamp described above, the direct illuminance during vertical lighting was improved, and the light distribution characteristics were improved.
さらに、一般に発光管１を収容する外管７は内
面にけい光体もしくはシリカ等の光拡散物質を塗
布して光拡散タイプとするか、もしくは光拡散物
質を用いない透明（クリア）タイプとされる。光
拡散タイプの場合には透明タイプに較べて配光特
性がかなり均一化されることは知られている。し
かしながら、本発明による発光管の配光分布は、
拡散タイプの外管を使用しても何ら打ち消される
ものではなく、従来のものに較べて依然として有
位性をもつものであるから、外管については何ら
制約されるものではない。 Furthermore, generally, the outer tube 7 that houses the arc tube 1 is made into a light-diffusing type by coating the inner surface with a light-diffusing substance such as phosphor or silica, or it is made into a transparent type without using a light-diffusing substance. Ru. It is known that in the case of a light diffusion type, the light distribution characteristics are much more uniform than in a transparent type. However, the light distribution of the arc tube according to the present invention is
Even if a diffusion type outer tube is used, this is not canceled out in any way and is still superior to the conventional one, so there are no restrictions on the outer tube.
以上詳述したように本発明によれば、電極の離
間距離Ｌ、電極の最大径ｄ、電極先端から電極最
大径までの長さ△ｌ、電極の発光管内突出長ｌお
よび発光管封止部の厚さの各関係を規制すること
によつて電極の構造寸法に基づく配光むらを減少
し、かつ発光管封止部の厚さと発光管中央部の内
径Ｄとの比を規制することによつて封止部方向へ
の光量を増して直下照度を向上し、よつて配光特
性の均一化を発光効率を損うことなしに達成する
ことができる。
As detailed above, according to the present invention, the distance L between the electrodes, the maximum diameter d of the electrodes, the length Δl from the tip of the electrode to the maximum diameter of the electrodes, the protrusion length l of the electrodes into the arc tube, and the sealing portion of the arc tube In order to reduce uneven light distribution based on the structural dimensions of the electrodes, and to regulate the ratio between the thickness of the arc tube sealing part and the inner diameter D of the center part of the arc tube. Therefore, the amount of light directed toward the sealing portion is increased to improve the illuminance directly below, and uniform light distribution characteristics can be achieved without impairing luminous efficiency.
第１図は本発明の一実施例であるメタルハライ
ドランプの正面図、第２図は同ランプの発光管の
縦断面図、第３図および第４図は直下照度と各因
子との関係を示す特性図、第５図は配光分布の特
性図を示す。
１……発光管、２，３……電極、４……金属
箔、５……封止部、７……外管、８……口金。
Fig. 1 is a front view of a metal halide lamp that is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the arc tube of the lamp, and Figs. 3 and 4 show the relationship between direct illuminance and each factor. Characteristic Diagram FIG. 5 shows a characteristic diagram of light distribution. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Arc tube, 2, 3... Electrode, 4... Metal foil, 5... Sealing part, 7... Outer tube, 8... Cap.
Claims (1)
を封止し、内部に始動用希ガス、水銀および金属
ハロゲン化物を封入した発光管を備えた100W（ワ
ツト）以下の小形メタルハライドランプにおい
て、上記一対の電極の離間距離をＬ（mm）、電極の
最大径をｄ（mm）、電極先端から電極最大径までの
長さを△ｌ（mm）、電極の発光管内突出長をｌ
（mm）、発光管の封止部の厚さをｔ（mm）、発光管中
央部の内径をＤ（mm）としたとき、 ｄ／0.5L＋△ｌ≦ｔ／Ｌ＋ｌ で、かつ、 ｔ／Ｄ≦0.4 としたことを特徴とする小形メタルハライドラン
プ。[Scope of Claims] 1. 100W or less, comprising an arc tube with a pair of electrodes sealed opposite to each other at both ends of the bulb, and a starting rare gas, mercury, and metal halide sealed inside. In a small metal halide lamp, the distance between the above pair of electrodes is L (mm), the maximum diameter of the electrode is d (mm), the length from the tip of the electrode to the maximum diameter of the electrode is △l (mm), and the distance between the electrodes inside the arc tube is The protrusion length is l
(mm), the thickness of the sealing part of the arc tube is t (mm), and the inner diameter of the central part of the arc tube is D (mm), then d/0.5L+△l≦t/L+l, and t/ A small metal halide lamp characterized by D≦0.4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59055255A JPS60200454A (en) | 1984-03-24 | 1984-03-24 | Miniature metal halide lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59055255A JPS60200454A (en) | 1984-03-24 | 1984-03-24 | Miniature metal halide lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60200454A JPS60200454A (en) | 1985-10-09 |
| JPH0412583B2 true JPH0412583B2 (en) | 1992-03-05 |
Family
ID=12993484
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59055255A Granted JPS60200454A (en) | 1984-03-24 | 1984-03-24 | Miniature metal halide lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60200454A (en) |
-
1984
- 1984-03-24 JP JP59055255A patent/JPS60200454A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60200454A (en) | 1985-10-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6337539B1 (en) | Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp and illuminator | |
| JP2003168391A (en) | Mercury-free arc tube for discharge lamp device | |
| US7508134B2 (en) | Small arc tube and low-pressure mercury discharge lamp | |
| US4973880A (en) | Single end-sealed metal halide lamp | |
| JP4279120B2 (en) | High pressure discharge lamp and lighting device | |
| JP3925249B2 (en) | Metal halide lamp | |
| JPH0412583B2 (en) | ||
| JPS60200455A (en) | Miniature metal halide lamp | |
| JP3601413B2 (en) | Metal halide lamp | |
| JP3573297B2 (en) | Low power metal halide lamp | |
| GB2092823A (en) | Fluorescent Lamp | |
| JPS61232553A (en) | Reflection type metal halide lamp | |
| JPH08222183A (en) | Bulb type fluorescent lamp | |
| JPH0330994Y2 (en) | ||
| JP2668434B2 (en) | Metal halide lamp | |
| JPH0432500B2 (en) | ||
| GB2206992A (en) | Single-ended discharge lamp | |
| JPH0538530Y2 (en) | ||
| JP2001297732A (en) | High-pressure discharge lamp and lighting device | |
| JP3668911B2 (en) | Metal halide lamp | |
| JPH08212971A (en) | Metal halide lamp | |
| JPH07296782A (en) | Short arc metal halide lamp for liquid crystal projector and its manufacture | |
| JPH08162068A (en) | Low power type metal halide lamp | |
| JPH04296437A (en) | Metal vapor discharge lamp | |
| JPH03203154A (en) | Single-end sealed type metal vapor discharge lamp |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |