JP4279120B2 - High pressure discharge lamp and lighting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp such as a metal halide lamp in which a halide is sealed in an arc tube, and an illumination device using the discharge lamp.

  High-pressure discharge lamps, such as metal halide lamps, are widely used as light sources for optical equipment such as overhead projectors and liquid crystal projectors, as well as lighting for wide areas such as roads, plazas, and stadiums, as well as stores and vehicles. .

  A metal halide lamp is a discharge lamp in which a metal halide, mercury, and a rare gas are enclosed in an arc tube. Compared with a mercury lamp, etc., using emission light of a spectrum line of an enclosed metal atom or a molecular spectrum of a metal halide. This lamp can obtain high luminous efficiency, correlated color temperature and color rendering.

  As the light emitting metal of this metal halide lamp, in addition to Hg, metals such as Na, In, Tl, Li, and Cs or rare earth metals such as Dy, Ho, Tm, Sc, Nd, and Ce are used as halides such as iodine and bromine. It is enclosed in an arc tube and is configured to exhibit high emission characteristics.

  However, even if high luminous efficiency is obtained, the color rendering is low, or conversely, the color rendering is high but the efficiency is low, or the efficiency and chromaticity vary greatly depending on the lighting direction of the lamp. It has been difficult to find a discharge lamp exhibiting excellent values in a plurality of characteristics such as color temperature, color rendering properties and life.

  In recent years, metal halide lamps that can be reduced in size, increased in efficiency, correlated color temperature, color rendering properties and long life have appeared.

For example, a metal halide containing a rare earth metal halide and a sodium halide is added in an arc tube composed of a translucent ceramic container in an amount such that the sodium halide is 10 to 100% by weight with respect to the rare earth metal halide ( DyI ₃ 55 wt%: NaI 30 wt%: TlI 15 wt%) enclosed high-pressure discharge lamp with luminous efficiency of 96 Lm / W, color temperature of 4100 K (3500 to 5000 K), and color rendering property of an average color rendering index (Ra) of 95 Patent Document 1 describes that the difference in extinction voltage between vertical lighting and horizontal lighting is small while exhibiting high light emission characteristics.

  However, when a prototype of a lamp is manufactured in accordance with Patent Document 1 and its characteristics are measured, a desired light emission characteristic cannot be obtained with a lamp having a power different from the rated power described as an example in Document 1. There was a thing.

  On the other hand, in the high-pressure discharge lamp described in Patent Document 1, there is no description of the dimensions for the lamp structure and the dimensions for determining the temperature (cold point) for determining the evaporation of the enclosed metal halide. Depending on the type of rare earth halide used, there is a concern that the described characteristics cannot be obtained.

Patent Document 2 describes a lamp that exhibits stable color temperature and good color rendering by regulating the ratio of the metal halide to be sealed. However, according to this Patent Document 2, characteristics such as color temperature and efficiency targeted by the present invention are obtained with a lamp having a power of 30 to 40 W, a tube wall load of 20 to 26 W / cm ² , and a color temperature of 2800 to 3700 K. It is not done.

  Furthermore, the total amount of cerium halide (20 to 69 wt%), sodium halide (30 to 79 wt%), thallium halide and indium halide (Tl and In halide) in an arc tube composed of a translucent ceramic container. Patent Document 3 describes that a metal halide lamp encapsulated in combination (1 to 20 wt%) (100 wt% in total) can achieve high luminous efficiency (117 Lm / W or more) and suppression of reduction in luminous flux maintenance factor.

However, the prototype lamp according to this Patent Document 3 exhibits high luminous efficiency and luminous flux maintenance factor, but the luminous color of the lamp is markedly green and the average color rendering index is 75 or less. It was unsuitable for applications such as lighting and outdoor lighting.
Japanese Patent No. 3293499 JP-A-7-130331 JP 2003-16998 A

  Therefore, the present inventors have selected and confirmed various kinds of luminescent metal materials, their ratios, and encapsulated amounts, and were able to select materials that give excellent results in various luminescent properties.

  In the present invention, by controlling the luminous metal material and its encapsulation ratio, luminous efficiency (90 Lm / W or more), correlated color temperature (3500 to 5000 K), color rendering (average color rendering index (Ra) 75 to 90), It is an object to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp such as a metal halide lamp that emits white light with various emission characteristics such as small changes in correlated color temperature and chromaticity depending on the lifetime and lighting direction, and an illumination device equipped with the discharge lamp. And

  The high-pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 1 is a container that forms a discharge space, an introduction conductor hermetically sealed at both ends of the discharge container, and at least a pair of electrodes connected to the introduction conductor, enclosed in the discharge container An arc tube composed of a metal halide and a discharge medium containing a starting gas, an outer tube disposed inside the tube along the tube axis and hermetically closed, and sealed at the end of the outer tube. In a high-pressure discharge lamp including a pair of power supply members that are stopped and electrically connected to the lead-in conductor of the arc tube and hold the arc tube, the metal halide sealed in the arc tube includes Na, Tl, The weight ratio (MTm / M) of the total amount M (mg) of these metal halides contained and the amount Tm (mg) of Tm halide contained is 0.54 <MTm / M. <0.9 It is characterized in that.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention includes a halide encapsulated as a luminescent metal material, Tm which exhibits a number of emission peaks in the blue-green region (450 to 530 nm), and Tl which exhibits an emission peak in the green region (around 535 nm). The main component is Na which exhibits a light emission peak in the red region (near 590 nm), and the inclusion amount MTm (mg) of the halide of Tm with respect to the total inclusion amount M (mg) of these metal halides (= MNamg + MTlmg + MTmmg) is regulated. ing.

  That is, a light emission spectrum continuous in the visible region can be obtained by encapsulating the light emitting metal, Tl functions to adjust the light color and increase the efficiency, and Na increases the efficiency and reduces the turn-off voltage to reduce the lighting direction fluctuation characteristics. In addition, Tm has such effects as enhancing color rendering.

  If the Tm halide is in the above range, it exhibits a spectrum in the blue-green region of 450 to 530 nm, the luminous efficiency is enhanced, and the lighting direction is not restricted. It is possible to provide a high-pressure discharge lamp with improved performance.

  When the weight ratio MTm / M of the Tm halide inclusion amount MTm (mg) and the total metal halide inclusion amount M (mg) is less than 0.54 (54%), the color temperature is 3500K. There are problems such as becoming less than.

  Further, when the ratio MTm / M exceeds 0.9 (90%), there is a problem that the discharge vessel reacts with a Tm halide to cause a decrease in luminous flux maintenance factor. The ratio may be within the above ratio, but considering the practical aspects such as variations, the ratio of MTm / M is preferably about 0.55 to 0.75 (55 to 75%).

  In the present invention and each of the following inventions, terms and technical meanings are as follows unless otherwise specified.

  Materials used to form the discharge vessel of the arc tube include ceramics such as sapphire, aluminum oxide (alumina), yttrium-aluminum-garnet oxide (YAG), yttrium oxide (YOX), and aluminum nitride (AlN). A material having high translucency, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance from halides such as quartz glass can be used.

  The shape of the discharge vessel is a cylinder, an oval with a bulged central portion, a sphere, or a composite of these shapes, and a small-diameter cylindrical body with both ends or one end connected directly to the end is airtight. A closed sealing portion is formed. When the container is made of ceramic, the sealing part is closed with a filler such as a metal, ceramic or cermet plug or heat-resistant adhesive, and when the container is made of quartz glass, it is crushed. It can be formed by means such as squeezing or baking.

  Moreover, said translucency has the light transmittance which can permeate | transmit the light which generate | occur | produced by discharge, and can discharge | release it outside, and it may be not only transparent but light diffusivity. Moreover, the part which is not mainly radiating | emitting by discharge, such as a small diameter cylindrical part of a container edge part, may be light-shielding.

  Further, in the present invention, although it is not limited depending on the rating of the lamp, the inner diameter of the part that forms an oval, a sphere, or a cylinder forming the discharge space of the discharge vessel is about 4 to 30 mm, and the inner total length. Is about 30 to 90 mm, and the internal volume is about 0.02 to 5.0 cc, preferably about 0.2 to 4.5 cc.

Furthermore, the tube wall load indicating the relationship between the lamp power W and the inner surface area cm ² of the discharge vessel is 26 W / cm ² or more for a lamp with a power of about 10 to 40 W and 23 W / cm for a lamp with a power of about 50 W to less than 500 W. ^For a lamp of ² or more and about 500 to 1000 W, 13 W / cm ² or more is preferable.

  The electrodes are sealed by inserting electrode shafts through sealing portions at both ends of the discharge vessel or inside the small-diameter cylindrical portion so that at least a pair of electrodes are opposed to each other in the vessel, and tungsten W or doped tungsten is used as the material. The tip of the electrode can be wound with a coil made of the above material as necessary in order to increase the surface area and improve heat dissipation.

  The electrode shaft portion at the base end of the electrode functions to fix the electrode at a predetermined position with respect to the discharge vessel and to introduce a current from the outside, and the base end portion is welded to the tip of the introduction conductor. It is electrically and mechanically supported by fixing.

  The introduction conductor has a function of connecting to and supporting the electrode, supplying a discharge current to the electrode and fixing the electrode to the container. Penetrated, or hermetically sealed with a glass sealing material in a small-diameter cylindrical part, and in the case of quartz glass, connected to a metal foil such as molybdenum Mo for hermetic sealing, and the discharge vessel It is led out from the end directly or through other connecting conductors, and is used for supporting the arc tube.

  In the case of a ceramic discharge vessel, the lead conductor material is a rod-shaped body, pipe-shaped body or coil-shaped body using a sealing metal such as niobium Nb, tantalum Ta, titanium Ti, zirconium Zr, hafnium Hf or vanadium V. It is formed on the body. And the selection can be suitably selected according to the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the ceramic discharge vessel.

  The discharge medium is encapsulated with mercury Hg containing sodium Na, thallium Tl, thulium Tm as a light emitting metal, and mercury Hg containing amalgam as required. Indium In, calcium Ca, cesium Cs, lithium Li, magnesium A small amount of Mg, rubidium Rb and other metal halides may be contained. As the halogen, one or more of iodine I, bromine Br, chlorine Cl, and fluorine F can be used.

  Also, the amount of Na, Tl, and Tm halide enclosed is preferably 90% or more of the total amount of metal halide contained. If 90% or more, the distribution characteristics of the emitted emission spectrum are not greatly affected. Desired light emission characteristics can be obtained.

  The amount of the metal halide enclosed is about 2 to 20 mg per 1 cc of the container internal volume, but is determined according to the light emission characteristics, the lamp power, the internal volume of the discharge container, or the like.

  In addition, a rare gas such as argon Ar or neon Ne as a starting and buffering gas is sealed in an amount of about 8 kPa to 80 kPa (Pascal), and exhibits a pressure of about 500 kPa or more during lighting. In addition, if the enclosure pressure of the rare gas is less than 8 kPa, it is difficult to start discharge as shown in the Paschen curve, and if it exceeds 80 kPa, the starting voltage becomes high and exceeds the pressure resistance of the base.

  Outer tube is A-type, AP-type, B-type, BT-type formed of a material having translucency and heat resistance made of glass such as quartz glass, borosilicate glass, semi-rigid glass or ceramics. ED type, R type, T type, etc., and a seal holding the arc tube by inserting the mount holding the arc tube from the opening at the end, and heating and sealing this opening with a burner. Is formed. In addition, the said sealing part may be formed in the both ends in the case of outer tubes, such as T (straight tube) type.

  Further, the inside of the outer tube is desirably a vacuum atmosphere of 133 Pa or less.

  The power supply member only needs to be formed of a single material. However, since the portion sealed in the sealing portion requires a material that is airtight and compatible with glass, the power supply line portion in the outer tube and the sealing portion It is appropriate to connect and configure multiple materials such as the sealing member part and the external lead part led out of the outer tube, and the materials, dimensions, etc. are the types of arc tube, power, weight, outer tube material, etc. You can select as appropriate according to your needs.

  Further, in the case of a discharge vessel having a small diameter cylindrical portion at the end, a coiled portion is wound on the outer surface side of the small diameter cylindrical portion facing the electrode shaft disposed inside, and this coiled portion is By connecting to the potential side opposite to the electrode shaft as an auxiliary electrode at the time of starting the lamp, the starting of the lamp can be facilitated.

  In addition, the feeding line portion in the outer tube of the feeding member is made of a metal material such as molybdenum Mo or tungsten W, and is electrically connected to the introduction conductors at both ends of the luminous tube to supply power, and the luminous tube and the middle tube are connected to the tube axis. It also serves as a support member that is arranged and held along the line.

  Further, a getter such as a zirconium Zr-aluminum Al alloy for cleaning the inside of the outer tube may be provided on a power supply line in the outer tube.

  Further, an intermediate tube made of a heat-resistant and translucent material made of ceramics, quartz glass, or hard glass similar to the container can be provided surrounding the arc tube. With this inner tube, the arc tube can be kept warm and the luminous metal can be easily actuated to improve the luminous characteristics such as high efficiency and high color rendering, and at the same time, protect the arc tube container in the event of damage. Further, by supporting the arc tube and the middle tube by a member that does not apply an electric potential, it is possible to prevent Na ions and the like from coming out of the arc tube container by the photoelectron action during lighting, and to suppress a decrease in the luminous efficiency of the lamp.

  In addition, an ultraviolet ray source may be provided in the outer tube so as to irradiate the arc tube with ultraviolet rays at the start of lighting for assisting the starting.

  In addition, the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention is applied to a rated power of 10 to 1000 W, and the light emission characteristics are enhanced without restricting the lighting direction. The rated power of 10 to 1000 W is a lamp having a rating of 10 to 1000 W, and has a tolerance of ±.

  A high pressure discharge lamp according to a second aspect of the present invention is a translucent ceramics discharge vessel having a pair of small-diameter cylindrical portions having an inner diameter smaller than the bulge portions provided at both ends of the bulge portion forming the discharge space, and the discharge vessel An introduction conductor hermetically sealed in each of the small-diameter cylindrical portions, and at least a pair of electrodes connected to the introduction conductor and extending in the small-diameter cylindrical portion and facing the tip in the bulging portion, in the discharge vessel An arc tube comprising a metal halide sealed in and a discharge medium containing a starting gas, an outer tube having the arc tube disposed along the tube axis and hermetically closed, and an end of the outer tube A high-pressure discharge lamp including a pair of power supply members that are electrically connected to the introduction conductor of the arc tube and hold the arc tube, and the metal halide sealed in the arc tube is Na, Tl, Tm The weight ratio (MTm / M) of the total amount M (mg) of these metal halides to the amount Tm (mg) of the halide of Tm is 0.4 <MTm / M <0. It is characterized by nine.

  By forming the discharge vessel that forms the arc tube with translucent ceramics, it is superior in heat resistance and corrosion resistance compared to quartz glass, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in luminous flux due to a devitrification phenomenon caused by reaction with a luminescent metal material.

  Therefore, by increasing the tube wall load of the arc tube, higher luminous efficiency and color characteristics than the quartz glass arc tube can be obtained, and the ratio MTm of the halide of Tm to the total amount of metal halide M (mg) MTm If / M is less than 0.4 (40%), the color temperature may be as low as 3500K or less, and conversely if it exceeds 0.9 (90%), the discharge vessel will have a Tm halide. There are problems such as a reduction in luminous flux maintenance factor due to reaction.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 3 is a total enclosed amount M (mg) of metal halide enclosed in the arc tube, an enclosed amount MTm (mg) of Tm halide, and an enclosed amount of Tl halide. The weight ratio ((MTm + MTl) / M) with MTl (mg) is characterized by 0.6 <(MTm + MTl) / M <0.9.

  Tm and Tl halide inclusion amount MTm + MTl (mg) with respect to the total enclosure amount M (mg) of metal halide enclosed in the arc tube is regulated. A lamp that exhibits the desired light emission characteristics without being affected is obtained.

  When the weight ratio of the Tm and Tl halides ((MTm + MTl) / M) is less than 0.6 (60%), the color temperature is less than 3500K.

  If this ratio ((MTm + MTl) / M) exceeds 0.9 (90%), the spectrum of the green region and the blue-green region increases, and the light emission of the lamp becomes extremely green and the desired light emission (color) characteristics. There is a problem that cannot be obtained. Note that the ratio of (MTm + MTl) / M may be within the above ratio, but in view of variation and the like, it is preferably about 0.55 to 0.75 (55 to 75%) in practice.

  In the high pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 4, the metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains In, the total amount M (mg) of the metal halide, and the amount MTm (mg) of the halide of Tm. ), The weight ratio (Tm + MTl + MIN) / M) of the Tl halide inclusion amount MTl (mg) and the In halide inclusion amount MIn (mg) is 0.61 <(MTm + MTl + MIN) / M <0. It is characterized by nine.

  The metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains In which exhibits a light emission peak in the blue region (around 450 nm). By adjusting the amount of this indium halide, the color temperature is adjusted, and the efficiency of the sodium spectrum is improved. Improvement and adjustment of the color temperature and high color rendering due to the continuous spectrum of rare earth metals are obtained.

  If indium halide is present even in a small amount, the above effect is achieved. However, if it exceeds 15 wt% with respect to thulium halide, the spectrum in the blue region becomes too strong, and the emission efficiency is lowered, and the emission color is blue-green. In view of this decrease in luminous efficiency and color shift, about 1 to 13 wt% is preferable.

  Further, the present invention regulates the inclusion amount MTm + MTl + Min (mg) of Tm, Tl and In with respect to the total enclosure amount M (mg) of metal halide (= MNamg + MTlmg + MTmmg + MINg). If the weight ratio of the compound ((MTm + MTl + MIN) / M) is less than 0.61 (61%), the color temperature is less than 3500K.

  Further, when the weight ratio exceeds 0.9 (90%), the amount of halide such as Na that emits red light decreases, so that there is a problem that desired light emission characteristics cannot be obtained, and this (MTm + MTl + MIN). The weight ratio of / M is preferably about 0.65 to 0.9 (65 to 90%).

  In the high pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 5, the metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains In, the total amount M (mg) of the metal halide, and the amount MIn (mg) of the halide of In. ) And Tm halide encapsulation amount MTm (mg) and Tl halide encapsulation amount MTl (mg) (Min / M, Min / (MTm + MTl)) is 0.01 <MIN / M < It is characterized by 0.1 and MIn / (MTm + MTl) <0.1.

  In the present invention, the total inclusion amount M (mg) of metal halide (= MNamg + MTlmg + MTmmg + MINg), the inclusion amount of In halide Min (mg), and the inclusion amount of Tm and Tl halides MTm + MTl (mg) This regulates the relationship between the amount of encapsulated persons and has the effect of improving the luminous efficiency by optimizing the spectral balance in the region of 380 to 540 nm.

  First, the amount of In halide enclosed MIn (mg) with respect to the total amount M (mg) of metal halide enclosed is regulated, and the weight ratio (MIn / M) of the In halide is 0.00. If it is less than 01 (1%), the light emission (spectrum) in the blue region near 420 to 460 nm is not sufficient, so the light emission color of the lamp becomes slightly green, and the desired light emission (color) characteristics cannot be obtained. There is a bug.

  In addition, when the weight ratio exceeds 0.1 (10%), the emission (spectrum) in the blue region near 420 to 460 nm becomes too strong and the light emission efficiency decreases, and the color temperature exceeds 5000K and the desired light emission. There are problems such as inability to obtain characteristics.

  Second, Tm and Tl halide inclusion amount MTm + MTl (mg) with respect to In halide inclusion amount MIn (mg) are regulated, and this weight ratio (MIN / (MTm + MTl)) is 0.1. If it exceeds (10%), the emission spectra in the blue region and the green region become unbalanced, resulting in a problem that the light emission efficiency is lowered.

  These weight ratios MIn / M and MIn / (MTm + MTl) are about 0.01 to 0.07 (1 to 7%) when considering practical variations and the like, and Min / (MTm + MTl) is 0. About 0.02-0.08 (2-8%) is preferable.

  In the high-pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 6, the metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb, and the total encapsulation of these halides and halides of Na is included. The weight ratio (A / M) between the amount A (mg) and the total enclosed amount M (mg) of the metal halide is 0.05 <A / M <0.4.

  Even if at least one kind of halide selected from Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb is added together with Na halide, the luminous efficiency is improved by red emission and the arc is stabilized. Play.

  The weight ratio of the amount A (mg) of halide such as Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, Rb to the total amount M (mg) of metal halide is 0.05 (5%) to 0.4 ( 40%) and the weight ratio is less than 0.05 (5%), the emission spectrum in the red region is insufficient, the luminous efficiency is lowered, and the color temperature of 3500 to 5000K cannot be satisfied. .

  On the other hand, if the weight ratio exceeds 0.4 (40%), the emission spectrum in the red region increases and the color temperature falls below 3500K, and the emission efficiency is decreased. The weight ratio of A / M is preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 (10 to 30%) in consideration of variations.

The high-pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 7 has a Tm halide inclusion amount MTm of 40 to 80 wt% and a Tl halide enclosure amount with respect to the total enclosure amount M of metal halide enclosed in the arc tube. MTl is 5 to 20 wt%, In halide content is 0.5 to 8 wt%, and at least one halide content of Na, Ca, Cs, Li, Mg and Rb is 40 wt% or less. It is characterized in that.

  In addition to the halides of Tm, Tl, and In, a halide selected from Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb is added together with Na, and the amount (wt%) of each material is regulated. By adding Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, Rb and the like together with Na, there is an emission spectrum in the red region, and the color rendering property can be improved and the luminous efficiency can be improved.

  In the above case, when the amount Tm of the Tm halide enclosed is less than 40 wt%, there is a problem that the light emission efficiency is less than 90 Lm / W, and conversely, when the amount MTm exceeds 80 wt%, light emission occurs. There are problems such as causing a reaction with the tube material and damaging the arc tube, and the preferable amount of sealing is about 45 to 75 wt%.

  Further, in the above, when the enclosed amount MTl of Tl halide is less than 5 wt%, there is a problem that the emission spectrum in the green region is insufficient and the luminous efficiency becomes less than 90 Lm / W, and conversely, the enclosed amount MTl When the amount exceeds 20 wt%, the emission spectrum in the green region is too strong and the desired emission (color) characteristics cannot be obtained, and the preferred amount of encapsulation is about 7 to 15 wt%.

  Further, in the above, when the amount of In halide enclosed MIn is less than 0.5 wt%, there is a problem that the emission spectrum in the blue region is insufficient and the desired emission (color) characteristics cannot be obtained. When the encapsulating amount Min exceeds 8 wt%, there are problems such as a decrease in luminous efficiency and a failure to obtain a desired light emission (color) characteristic, and the preferable enclosing amount is about 2 to 8 wt%.

Further, Na in the above, Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, enclosed amount A of the selected halide from out of Rb, which are those determined by the overall balance of the halide to obtain the desired lamp properties The enclosed amount is 40 wt% or less, preferably about 10 to 30 wt% .

  The high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention of claim 8 is characterized in that 3 to 25 mg / cc of mercury is enclosed in the arc tube as a discharge medium.

  If the amount of mercury enclosed in the arc tube as a discharge medium is less than 3 mg per 1 cc of the arc tube volume, there is a problem that a desired lamp voltage cannot be obtained, and the amount exceeds 25 mg per 1 cc of the arc tube volume. The lamp voltage becomes higher than the desired lamp voltage, and there are problems such as lamp extinction. The amount of mercury enclosed is preferably about 4 to 22 mg / cc.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp of the invention of claim 9 is characterized in that the inside pressure of the outer tube in which the arc tube is disposed is an atmospheric pressure of 133 Pa or less.

  By setting the inside of the outer tube to a low-pressure atmosphere, convection does not occur inside, and an excessive decrease in arc tube temperature can be prevented.

  If the atmosphere in the outer tube exceeds 133 Pa, an undesirable discharge may occur in the outer tube, which is not preferable.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high pressure discharge lamp characterized in that a middle tube provided so as to surround the arc tube is made of quartz glass having a spectral transmittance of 60% or more in an ultraviolet region of 220 to 370 nm.

  By enclosing the arc tube with a cylindrical tube made of translucent quartz glass tube or ceramic tube, the temperature of the coldest part that affects the luminous characteristics of the lamp is increased by raising the temperature of the internal arc tube. Luminous efficiency can be improved.

  In the lamp using a quartz glass tube that has a spectral transmittance of 60% or more in the ultraviolet region 220 to 370 nm and a transmittance of about 92% in the visible light region 380 to 780 nm for the inner tube, the above visible light region is used. Compared with a lamp using a quartz glass tube that blocks ultraviolet rays with a transmittance of about 91%, the luminous efficiency is about 5 to 15%, although the transmittance in the visible light region is about 1%. I was able to increase the degree.

  A high pressure discharge lamp according to an eleventh aspect of the invention is a lighting device body, the high pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 10 provided in the lighting device body, and a lighting circuit for lighting the high pressure discharge lamp. Means.

High-pressure discharge lamp, was or rectangular wave lighting circuit device can be turned with a ballast lighting circuit of the magnetic excitation method such as a choke coil type or trans type.

  For example, a high-pressure discharge lamp can be lit with a rectangular wave with a lighting frequency of 100 Hz to 1 kHz and a secondary open circuit voltage from a ballast of 150 to 400V. In this case, when lighting at a frequency of less than 100 Hz, flickering occurs in the arc during lighting. Further, in lighting with a frequency exceeding 1 kHz, an arc sway is generated due to an acoustic resonance phenomenon, and a decrease in luminous flux with the progress of lighting, that is, a decrease in luminous flux maintenance factor is large.

  In addition, there is a problem that the secondary open-circuit voltage is lit at 150 to 400 V, and when the start is less than 150 V, there is a problem that it is not possible to shift from glow discharge to arc discharge. There is a problem that it causes.

  The lighting device main body refers to the remaining parts of the lighting device excluding the high-pressure discharge lamp and the lighting circuit means, such as a casing, a reflecting mirror, a translucent cover, and a lens, all of which are essential. is not.

  In the present invention, the lighting device is a broad concept including all devices that use the light emission of the high-pressure discharge lamp for some purpose. For example, the present invention can be applied to a bulb-type high-pressure discharge lamp, a lighting fixture, a moving body headlamp, an optical fiber light source device, an image projection device, a photochemical device, a fingerprint discrimination device, and the like.

  According to the first to seventh aspects of the present invention, the light emitting metal is sealed in the arc tube at a predetermined weight ratio with a halide such as Na, Tl, Tm, and In as a main component, so that power, luminous efficiency, correlated color temperature can be obtained. High pressure such as metal halide lamps with improved quality in which various light emission characteristics and electrical characteristics such as average color rendering index (color rendering properties), color deviation and lifetime are small, regardless of the lighting position of the lamp, and exhibit stable white light emission A discharge lamp could be provided.

  In the lamp of the invention, the maximum change from vertical lighting to horizontal lighting (including slant lighting) is within ± 15% for power when the vertical lighting is used as a reference, within ± 15% for efficiency, and average color rendering The evaluation number (color rendering) is less than 10 points and the color deviation (duv) is less than 0.0150, so that the amount of change in characteristics can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional similar lamp.

  Therefore, the restriction due to the lighting posture (direction) of the lamp can be relaxed, the use of the same type of lamp can be expanded, and the number of lamp types can be reduced to contribute to the improvement of productivity.

  According to the invention of claim 8, by controlling the amount of mercury enclosed in the arc tube, a desired lamp voltage can be obtained, and a high-pressure discharge lamp that can prevent the lamp from going out can be provided.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-pressure discharge lamp having an effect of improving the light emission characteristics by regulating the atmospheric pressure in the outer tube, preventing the convection from occurring inside and preventing the arc tube temperature from decreasing. I was able to.

  According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the temperature of the coldest part that affects the light emission characteristics of the lamp is increased by raising the temperature of the arc tube in the middle tube, thereby improving the luminous efficiency.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, since the high-pressure discharge lamp having the effects described in the first to tenth aspects is provided, it is possible to provide an illuminating device such as a luminaire excellent in various light emission characteristics and electrical characteristics. did it.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of the high-pressure discharge lamp of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional front view showing an arc tube portion in FIG.

  In the figure, a high-pressure discharge lamp L1 contains therein a luminous tube 1A, a middle tube 3 surrounding the luminous tube 1A, and a pair of feeding members 4A and 4B that support the luminous tube 1A and the middle tube 3 and supply power. The outer tube 5 and the base 6 provided at the end of the outer tube 5 are mainly used.

  The arc tube 1A includes a discharge vessel 1 made of translucent ceramics in which small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b connected to both ends of a substantially spherical bulging portion 11 by continuous curved surfaces. Linear lead-in conductors 23a and 23b made of Nb that pass through the ends of the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b of the discharge vessel 1 and are connected to the electrodes 2A and 2B are hermetically sealed by the glass sealants 13 and 13, respectively. It has a vertically symmetrical structure.

  The electrodes 2A, 2B are butt welded to each other via coil-like portions 25a, 25b, which are located in the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a, 12b and wound with molybdenum wires around the introduction conductors 23a, 23b. The electrode shaft 21 is made of a tungsten wire facing the bulging portion 11, and the coil-shaped portion 22 has a tungsten wire wound around the tip of the electrode shaft 21.

  At this time, the gap between the electrode shaft 21 penetrating through the small diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b and the inner wall surface of the small diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b is 0.1 mm or less. A coil made of a thin wire such as molybdenum may be wound around to reduce the gap, and the outer surface of the coil may be in contact with the inner surfaces of the small diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b. Further, the coiled electrode 22 at the tip of the electrode shaft 21 is not essential, and the tip of the electrode shaft 21 may perform an electrode function.

  Further, in the discharge vessel 1 of the arc tube 1A, a start-up and buffer gas containing argon Ar or the like as a discharge medium, and a metal halide and mercury as a luminescent metal are enclosed.

The metal halide has sodium iodide NaI of MNamg, thallium iodide TlI of MTlmg, indium iodide InI of MInmg and thulium iodide Tm of MTmmg, and the total amount of encapsulation is Mmg (= MNamg + MTlmg + MInmg + MTmmg). (When indium iodide InI is not encapsulated, the total encapsulated amount is Mmg = MNamg + MTlmg + MTmmg.)
In addition, Tm halide is 40 to 80 wt%, Tl halide is 5 to 20 wt%, In halide is 0.5 to 8 wt%, Na, Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb halides are contained in an adjusted amount of 40 wt% or less, preferably 10 to 30 wt%. Mercury is sealed at a rate of 3 to 25 mg / cc per inner volume of the discharge vessel 1.

  And the enclosure weight ratio between each halide at this time is as follows.

(1) TmI ₃ (MTmmg) is 0.4 to 0.9 (40 to 90%) in weight ratio (MTm / M) with respect to the total amount of metal halide M (mg) (= MNamg + MTlmg + Minmg + MTmmg) (If the discharge vessel 1 is made of quartz glass, the weight ratio (MTm / M) is 0.54 to 0.9 (54 to 90%)).
(2) TmI ₃ (MTmmg) and TlI (MTlmg) in a weight ratio ((MTm + MTl) / M) of 0.6 to 0.9 (60 to 90%),
(3) TmI3 (MTmmg), TlI (MTlmg), and InI (Minmg) in a weight ratio ((MTm + MTl + MIN) / M) of 0.61 to. 9 (61-90%),
(4) InI (Minmg) is 0.01 to 0.1 (1 to 10%) by weight ratio (MIN / M) with respect to the total amount M (mg) of metal halide, and TmI ₃ ( Mtmg) and TlI (MTlmg) InI (MInmg) in a weight ratio (MIN / (MTm + MTl)) of 0.1 or less (10% or less),
(5) NaI (MNamg) is 0.05 to 0.4 (5 to 40%) by weight ratio (MNa / M) with respect to the total amount M (mg) of metal halide.
Enclosed in relation to.

  In addition, instead of NaI in (5) above, (6) at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb, or a halide Amg of Na and Na with respect to the total enclosed amount Mmg of metal halide is a weight ratio. You may make it enclose 0.05-0.4 (5-40%) by (A / M).

  The outer tube 5 is formed of quartz glass or the like and has a BT shape in which one end (upper side in the figure) is closed, and a mount holding the arc tube 1A is inserted from the opening on the other end (lower) side. A sealing portion (not shown) is formed by heating the opening with a burner and welding and closing the stem 4s of the mount. Further, the inside of the outer tube 5 is in a vacuum atmosphere in which the pressure exhausted through the exhaust pipe (not shown) after forming the sealing portion is 133 Pa or less.

  The pair of power supply members 4A, 4B are connected to one end side of the internal lead wires 41a, 41b extending from the sealing wire hermetically sealed to the stem 4S of the mount, and extend in the outer tube 5 etc. The power supply lines 42a and 42b, the external lead (not shown) made of molybdenum wire connected to the other end and extending to the outside of the outer tube 5, and the above-mentioned power supply line 42a. The arc tube 1A and the support member 43a, 43b of the middle tube 3 are configured.

  The one power supply line 42a is bent so that the tip side formed in a substantially V shape is separated and parallel, and the extended tip portion is disposed so as to elastically contact the top inner wall of the outer tube 5 having a BT shape. Has been. Further, a metal plate, a ceramic plate, or the like is formed into a disk shape or a belt shape at the intermediate portion of the parallel power supply line 42a. Here, the disk-shaped support members 43a and 43b are directly spaced apart by means such as welding. .. Are connected via fixing members 44... To firmly hold between the power supply lines 42 a and 42 a.

  The arc tube 1A is supported by inserting the small-diameter cylindrical portions 12a and 12b of the discharge vessel 1 into a through hole formed in the center of the spaced disc-shaped support members 43a and 43b and supporting members 43a and 43b. The intermediate tube 3 is disposed and fixed via fixing members 44,... In a state surrounding the arc tube 1A.

  Further, the support member 43a connected to one power supply line 42a and the introduction conductor 23a are connected via a conductive wire 45, and the other power supply line 42b bent and extended in a substantially L shape is connected to the tip. The lead conductor 23 b is connected via a conductive wire 46.

  Therefore, the portions of the power supply lines 42a and 42b extending into the outer tube 5 of the power supply members 4A and 4B are electrically connected to the introduction conductors 23a and 23b at both ends of the arc tube 1A to supply power and the arc tube 1A. Arranged and held along the tube axis.

  The sealing portion of the outer tube 5 is provided with a cap 6 depending on the type and application, and an external lead wire is connected to the terminal portion of the cap 6 to constitute a metal halide lamp. Is completed.

  When the discharge lamp L1 has a base 6 attached to a socket and is energized, for example, from a rectangular wave lighting circuit device of 100 Hz to 1 kHz (not shown), the lead conductor 23a of the arc tube 1A is passed through the base 6 and the power supply members 4A and 4B. , 23b, a voltage is applied to the electrodes 2A and 2B, and a discharge is generated between the electrode coils 22 and 22 at the tip, so that stable lighting can be performed.

  The present invention is characterized by a halide as a luminescent metal enclosed in the arc tube. In other words, this can be achieved by using a halide of Na, Tl, In, and Tm and regulating the enclosed weight ratio.

For example, in the lamp having the configuration of Example 2 described later, NaI-TlI-InI-TmI ₃ is enclosed as a halide in a weight ratio of about 30 wt%: about 10 wt%: about 5 wt%: about 55 wt%. In FIG. 3, changes in the light emission characteristics when the encapsulated weight of various materials relative to the total encapsulated amount Mmg of the metal halide is changed will be described with reference to the graphs of FIGS.

FIG. 3 is a graph when the encapsulation ratio (%) of TmI ₃ (MTm) is changed. The horizontal axis represents the weight ratio MTm / M (%), and the vertical axis represents the luminous efficiency Lm / W. If the weight ratio MTm / M (%) is 0.35 to 0.87 (35 to 87%), the efficiency is 90 Lm / W or more, and the weight ratio (%) is 0.5 to 0.75 (50 to 75%). ), A desired lamp with an efficiency of 100 Lm / W or more could be obtained.

FIG. 4 is a graph when the encapsulation ratio% of TmI ₃ (MTm) and TlI (MTl) is changed. The horizontal axis represents the weight ratio (MTm + MTl) / M (%), and the vertical axis represents the luminous efficiency Lm / W is contrasted. If the weight ratio (MTm + MTl) / M (%) is within 0.57 to 0.85 (57 to 85%), satisfactory efficiency of 90 Lm / W or more was obtained, but 0.6 (60%) was achieved. When the temperature is lower, the color temperature becomes too low.

FIG. 5 is a graph when the encapsulation ratio (%) of TmI ₃ (MTm), TlI (MTl), and InI (MIN) is changed, and the horizontal axis represents the weight ratio (MTm + MTl + MIN) / M (%). The vertical axis compares the color temperature. If the weight ratio (MTm + MTl + MIN) / M is 0.6 to 0.9 (60 to 90%), the color temperature 3500 / 5000K can be satisfied, but it is less than 0.6 (60%) or 0.9 ( 90%), there was a problem that the luminous efficiency was less than 90 Lm / W.

  FIG. 6 is a graph when the encapsulation ratio (%) of InI (MIN) is changed. The horizontal axis represents the weight ratio MIn / M (%), and the vertical axis represents the color deviation (duv). Contrast. If the weight ratio MIN / M (%) is 0.02 to 0.09 (2 to 9%), the color deviation (duv) is within -0.005 to 0.01, and the emission color Exhibits a color closer to white.

FIG. 7 is a graph when the encapsulation ratio (%) of TmI ₃ (MTm), TlI (MTl) and InI (MIn) is changed, and the horizontal axis represents the weight ratio MIn / (MTm + MTl) (%). The vertical axis compares the luminous efficiency. When the weight ratio Min / (MTm + MTl) (%) was 0.1 (1%) or less, a luminous efficiency of 90 Lm / W or more was obtained.

  FIG. 8 is a graph in the case of changing the encapsulation ratio% of NaI (MNa), with the horizontal axis representing the weight ratio MNa / M (%) and the vertical axis representing the color temperature (K). When the weight ratio MNa / M (%) was 0.06 to 0.34 (6 to 34%), the color temperature of 3500 to 5000K could be satisfied.

  In place of the above NaI, at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb or a halide A of Na and a weight ratio A / M (%) is 0.05 to 0.4 (5 to 40%). ) Even when sealed, the same color temperature as above was obtained.

Then, the discharge lamp L1 is encapsulated metal halide NaI, TlI, a InI and TmI _3, NaI is mainly red region, TlI is mainly green region, InI mainly in the blue region, TmI ₃ is It has an emission spectrum mainly in the blue-green region, has an emission efficiency of 90 to 130 Lm / W, a correlated color temperature of 3500 to 5000 K, and an average color rendering index (Ra) of 75 to 95, showing excellent values in various emission characteristics. A high quality lamp L1 was obtained.

As a result of confirmation by the present inventors, the color rendering is performed without lowering the light emission efficiency by regulating the encapsulated weight ratio of TmI ₃ or the like to the total encapsulated amount M (mg) of metal halide (= MNamg + MTlmg + MINg + MTmmg). It has been found that a high-pressure discharge lamp L1 that improves the performance and emits white radiant light can be provided.

  In the above embodiment, iodine I is used as the halogen element of the halide. However, the present invention may be other halogen elements such as bromine Br, chlorine Cl, fluorine F, etc. It can be made of elements.

  FIG. 9 is a front view showing another embodiment of the high-pressure discharge lamp L2 of the present invention. In FIG. 9, the same parts as those of the discharge lamp L1 shown in FIGS. The description is omitted.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp L2 shown in FIG. 9 has a lamp rated power of 280 to 440 W, for example, 400 W, and the outer tube 5 that accommodates the arc tube 1A shown in FIG. 2 has a T (straight tube) shape. The stem 4s of the mount is sealed in a sealing portion (not shown) on the side, and the arc tube 1A is supported by a power supply line 42a that also serves as power supply members 4A and 4B connected to the internal lead wires 41a and 41b of the stem 4s. And connected to the power supply lines 42a and 42b.

  More specifically, the outer tube 5 is made of hard glass and has an outer diameter of about 65 mm and a total length of about 250 mm. The maximum outer diameter of the same shape of the translucent ceramic as in Example 2 is about 22 mm and the total length. An arc tube 1A having a discharge vessel 1 of about 80 mm is accommodated. The middle tube 3 provided so as to surround the arc tube 1A is not essential, but is preferably disposed with a gap of 2 mm or more from the outer surface of the arc tube 1A. In the outer tube 5, an ultraviolet ray generation source 7 connected to and supported by the power supply lines 42 a and 42 b is disposed close to the arc tube 1 </ b> A.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 10, the ultraviolet ray source 7 is formed at the end of an ultraviolet ray permeable airtight container 71 made of quartz glass having a substantially cylindrical shape having an outer diameter of about 4 mm, an inner diameter of about 2 mm, and a length of about 20 mm. A lead wire 73 also serving as a sealing wire made of molybdenum wire having an outer diameter of about 0.75 mm is hermetically sealed in the formed sealing portion 72, and has a width of about 1.5 mm, a thickness of about 30 μm, and a length in the hermetic container 71. An electrode 74 constituting a foil-like internal conductive member having a length of about 8 mm is connected. The airtight container 71 is filled with a rare gas such as argon at a pressure of about 1300 Pa.

  An outer conductive member 75 made of an iron-nickel alloy having an outer diameter of about 0.4 mm is spirally wound about four times around the outer periphery of the ultraviolet light permeable airtight container 71 (in FIG. 9, the wound state is Omitted.) One end side 75b of the external conductive member 75 and the other end side 73a derived from the sealing portion 72 of the lead wire 73 also serving as a sealing wire are connected to the power supply lines 42a and 42b, respectively.

  The internal conductive member 74 and the external conductive member 75 in the ultraviolet light source 7 are capacitively coupled, and the formed capacitance is about 0.5 pF.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp L2 having such a configuration is energized by attaching the cap 6 to a socket (not shown) connected to a lighting circuit device having a ballast or the like.

  The discharge lamp L2 connected to the lighting circuit device is provided in the arc tube 1A via power supply lines 42a and 42b that also serve as power supply members 4A and 4B via internal lead wires 41a and 41b electrically connected to the base 6 at the time of starting. A high voltage pulse is applied to the lead wire 73 of the ultraviolet ray generation source 7 and the external conductive member 75 connected in parallel to the electrodes 2A, 2B and the power supply lines 42a, 42b.

  By applying the high-voltage pulse, discharge breakdown occurs between the internal conductive member 74 and the external conductive member 75 of the ultraviolet ray generation source 7 that are capacitively coupled and have a small interval.

  That is, a discharge occurs between the electrode 74 and the external conductive member 75 constituting the internal conductive member of the ultraviolet ray generation source 7 having a lower impedance than between the electrodes 2A and 2B in the arc tube 1A. By this discharge, ultraviolet rays are generated in the ultraviolet permeable airtight container 71 and transmitted through the airtight container 71 to be emitted to the outside.

  In the present invention, ultraviolet rays are emitted from the ultraviolet ray generation source 7 disposed in the vicinity of the arc tube 1A toward the electrodes 2A and 2B in the arc tube 1A. As a result, the ultraviolet rays are emitted between the electrodes 2A and 2B. Discharge is promoted, and the arc tube 1A can be easily started within an extremely short time of about 1 second, and thereafter stable lighting can be maintained.

  If the electrostatic capacitance formed by the internal conductive member 74 and the external conductive member 75 of the ultraviolet light source 7 is about 0.5 pF, the impedance component becomes small and more leakage current flows when a high voltage pulse is generated. As a result, the amount of ultraviolet radiation can be increased, and the starting becomes easy.

  In the present invention, even in the case of the structure in which the shape of the outer tube 5 is changed in this way, the various light emission characteristics are the same as those of the discharge lamp L1 of the above embodiment, and the same operational effects are exhibited. Further, there is an advantage that the discharge lamp L2 itself and a lighting fixture that accommodates the lamp L2 can be made compact.

  Further, although not limited to the discharge lamp L2, a lamp enclosing a halide such as a metal halide lamp may have insufficient initial electrons due to an electron adsorbing action due to the halogen, resulting in poor starting characteristics. When starting auxiliary means such as is added, the starting characteristics of the lamp can be further improved.

  Further, the high pressure discharge lamp L3 shown in FIG. 11 has a T (straight tube) shape in which the outer tube 5 accommodating the arc tube 1A shown in FIG. 2 is made of quartz glass, and the introduction conductor 23a led out from the arc tube 1A at both ends. , 23b and molybdenum foils 52, 52 connected to the airtightly sealed structure 51, 51, and various light emission characteristics exhibit the same effects as the lamp L1 of the above embodiment.

  FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing an illumination device 8 according to the present invention using, for example, the high-pressure discharge lamp L1. This illuminating device 8 is an embedded illuminating device that is embedded in a ceiling 91, and has an appliance (device) main body 92 attached to the ceiling 91, and a socket 93 provided in the appliance (device) main body 92. The base 6 of the high-pressure discharge lamp L1 is attached. In addition, a reflection mirror 94 that reflects the emitted light of the lamp L1 downward is disposed in the instrument (device) main body 92. The opening side of the reflection mirror 94 is covered with a cover member or a lens made of glass or the like. A light control body 95 is provided.

  The high-pressure discharge lamp L1 is electrically connected to a lighting device having a fixture (device) main body 92 or a ballast separately provided from the main body 92, and is turned on by power supply from the lighting device. Can do.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, the arc tube is made of a light-transmitting ceramic material, and is made of quartz glass when a low erosion halide is used and the tube wall load is small. But it doesn't matter.

  Further, the lighting device is not limited to the above embodiment, and may have other structures and uses. The lighting method is not limited to the one using the rectangular wave lighting circuit device, and the choke coil type, the transformer type, etc. A magnetic excitation type ballast may be used.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp having the same configuration as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was manufactured according to the following specifications, and various emission characteristics were measured.

The lamp has a rated power of 250 W, the arc tube 1A is made of translucent alumina ceramics, has a total length of about 60 mm, an outer diameter of the bulging portion 11 of about 16.6 mm, an inner diameter of about 14.0 mm, and an inner volume of about 1.5 cc The load is about 28 W / cm ² , the outer diameters of the small diameter cylindrical portions 12 a and 12 b are about 3.0 mm, and the inner diameter is about 1.2 mm. The container 1 of the arc tube 1 A is almost entirely surrounded by the middle tube 3.

  The electrodes 2A and 2B have an outer diameter of about 0.6 mm and a length of about 8 mm of an electrode shaft 21 made of tungsten, and the electrode coil-shaped portion 22 winds a tungsten wire having an outer diameter of about 0.2 mm at a dense pitch for about three turns. The distance between both electrodes is about 15 mm.

  The introduction conductors 23a and 23b are made of Nb, have an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm, a length of about 12 mm, and the coiled portions 25a and 25b wound with molybdenum wire have an outer diameter of about 0.9 mm and a length. Is about 12 mm.

As a discharge medium, argon as a starting gas and a buffer gas is about 53 kPa, and a halide is a composition of NaI-TlI-InI-TmI _{3 at} a ratio of about 30 wt% -about 15 wt% -about 5 wt% -about 50 wt%. And about 13 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed.

(1) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) with respect to the total weight Mmg (= MNamg + MTlmg + Minmg + MTmmg) of the encapsulated metal halide is about 0.5 (about 50%) in weight ratio (MTm / M);
(2) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) relative to the total weight Mmg of the metal halide is about 0.65 (about 65%) in weight ratio ((MTm + MTl) / M).
(3) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) + InI (Minmg) relative to the total weight Mmg of metal halide is about 0.7 (about 70%) in weight ratio ((MTm + MTl + MIN) / M).
(4) The weight of InI (Minmg) with respect to the total weight Mmg of the metal halide is about 0.05 (about 5%) in weight ratio (MIn / M), and TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) The weight ratio of InI (MINg) to the weight ratio (MIN / (MTm + MTl) is about 0.08 (about 8%).
Further, (5) the weight of NaI (MNamg) relative to the total amount of metal halide Mmg is about 0.3 (about 30%) in weight ratio (MNa / M), both of which are within the regulation values of the present invention. It was.

  The outer tube 5 is a BT type made of hard glass, has a maximum outer diameter of about 116 mm, a maximum inner diameter of about 114 mm (wall thickness of about 1.0 mm), a total length of about 250 mm (the total length including the base 6 is about 250 mm), The inside is in a vacuum state of about 100 Pa.

For comparison with the discharge lamp L1 (Example 1) and the like, a discharge lamp having the same configuration other than the halide was made as a prototype. In Table 1, Comparative Example 1 is a metal halide similar to that described in Patent Document 1 described above. Sodium iodide NaI-thallium iodide TlI-iodine dysprosium DyI ₃ is about 30 wt% -about 15 wt% -about A lamp encapsulated at a rate of 55 wt%, and Comparative Example 2 is a halide used in a known lamp, which is sodium iodide NaI-thallium iodide TlI-cerium iodide CeI ₃ about 30 wt% -about 15 wt%- A lamp encapsulated at a ratio of about 55 wt%, and Comparative Example 3 is a lamp encapsulating sodium iodide NaI-thallium iodide TlI-thulium iodide TmI ₃ at a ratio of about 30 wt% -about 15 wt% -about 55 wt%. further, Comparative example 4 Hayo sodium NaI- iodide thallium TlI- iodide indium InI- iodide cerium CeI ₃ to about 30 wt% - about 10 wt% About 5 wt% - a lamp filled at a rate of about 55 wt%.

  A high-pressure discharge lamp having the same configuration and the same rating as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a lamp manufactured with specifications different from the lamp L <b> 1 of Example 1 only in the composition of the metal halide to be sealed.

  The lamp has a rated power of 250 W, and the discharge medium is composed of NaI-TlI-InI-TmI3 plus CsI at a ratio of about 27 wt% -about 9 wt% -about 4 wt% -about 56 wt% -about 5 wt%. About 10 mg and about 13 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed.

(1) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) relative to the total weight Mmg (= MNamg + MTlmg + MInmg + MTmmg + MCsmg) of the encapsulated metal halide is about 0.56 (about 56%) in weight ratio (MTm / M);
(2) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) relative to the total weight Mmg of the metal halide is about 0.65 (about 65%) in weight ratio ((MTm + MTl) / M).
(3) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) + InI (Minmg) relative to the total weight Mmg of the metal halide is about 0.69 (about 69%) in weight ratio ((MTm + MTl + MIN) / M).
(4) The weight of InI (MINmg) with respect to the total weight Mmg of metal halide is about 0.04 (about 4%) in weight ratio (MIN / M), and TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) InI (MInmg) is about 0.06 (about 6%) in weight ratio (Min / (MTm + MTl)),
(5) The weight of NaI (MNamg) relative to the total amount of metal halide Mmg is about 0.27 (about 27%) in weight ratio (MNa / M),
(6) The weight of CsI (MCsmg) = A with respect to the total weight Mmg of the metal halide is about 0.05 (about 5%) in weight ratio (A / M), both of which are within the regulation values of the present invention. there were.

  Compared to the rated power of 250 W of Examples 1 and 2, a discharge lamp of the same type having a rated power of 400 W, which is about 1.4 times the power, was manufactured, and various emission characteristics were measured.

The arc tube 1A is made of translucent alumina ceramic, has a total length of about 80 mm, an outer diameter of the bulging portion 11 of about 22 mm, an inner diameter of about 20 mm, an inner volume of about 4.0 cc, a tube wall load of about 26 W / cm ² , and a small-diameter cylindrical portion. 12a and 12b have an outer diameter of about 2.0 mm and an inner diameter of about 1.6 mm.

  The electrodes 2A and 2B have an outer diameter of about 1.0 mm and a length of about 8 mm of an electrode shaft 21 made of tungsten, and the electrode coil-shaped portion 22 winds a tungsten wire having an outer diameter of about 0.3 mm at a dense pitch for about three turns. The distance between the two electrodes is about 20 mm.

  The introduction conductors 23a and 23b are made of Nb, have an outer diameter of about 1.5 mm, a length of about 15 mm, and the coiled portions 25a and 25b wound with molybdenum wire have an outer diameter of about 1.4 mm and a length. Is about 18 mm.

As a discharge medium, argon as a starting and buffer gas is about 53 kPa, and a halide of NaI-TlI-InI-TmI ₃ is in a ratio of about 29 wt% -about 9.5 wt% -about 4 wt% -about 57.5 wt%. About 15 mg and about 35 mg of mercury Hg are enclosed.

(1) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) with respect to the total weight Mmg (= MNamg + MTlmg + MTmmg + MINg) of the encapsulated metal halide is about 0.575 (about 57.5%) in weight ratio (MTm / M);
(2) The weight of TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) relative to the total weight Mmg of metal halide is about 0.67 (about 67%) in weight ratio ((MTm + MTl) / M).
(3) The weight of TmI3 (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) + InI (Minmg) relative to the total weight Mmg of the metal halide is about 0.71 (about 71%) in weight ratio ((MTm + MTl + MIN) / M).
(4) The weight of InI (Minmg) with respect to the total weight Mmg of metal halide is about 0.4 (about 4%) in weight ratio (MIn / M), and TmI ₃ (MTmmg) + TlI (MTlmg) InI (MInmg) is about 0.06 (about 6%) in weight ratio (Min / (MTm + MTl)),
Further, (5) the weight of NaI (MNamg) relative to the total amount of metal halide Mmg is about 0.29 (about 29%) in weight ratio (MNa / M),
Both were within the regulation values of the present invention.

  The outer tube 5 is a BT type made of hard glass, has a maximum outer diameter of about 116 mm, a maximum inner diameter of about 114 mm (thickness of about 1.0 mm), and a total length of about 300 mm. 3 is almost entirely enclosed.

  Also in the lamp of Example 3, as shown in Table 1, the light emission characteristics such as efficiency, correlated color temperature and average color rendering index (color rendering property: Ra) fall within the target range, and for general illumination. As a result, it was possible to radiate a suitable white light.

Tables 1 and 2 are average values obtained by measuring 10 lamps for each of the samples of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and various characteristics after lighting for 100 hours.

  As is apparent from Tables 1 and 2, the lamp of the present invention has luminous efficiency (Lm / W), correlated color temperature (K), color deviation (duv), and average color rendering index (color rendering: Various light emission characteristics such as Ra) fall within the target range regardless of the lighting direction of the lamp, and white light suitable for general illumination can be emitted.

In contrast, lamp filled with Dy I ₃ of Comparative Example 1, efficiency and general color rendering index (color rendering: Ra) The value of the high, the color rendering index (color rendering: Ra) is more than 90 If it is too high, the luminous efficiency is less than 90 Lm / W, and the color deviation (duv) is outside the target of -0.005 to 0.01.

Further, the lamp encapsulating CeI _{3 of} Comparative Example 2 has a high efficiency of about 120 Lm / W, but the average color rendering index (color rendering property: Ra) is as low as about 70, so that it emits remarkable green light and is used for general illumination. There are problems such as unsuitability as a lamp and color deviation (d.u.v) coming off.

Also, lamp filled the Tm I ₃ of Comparative Example 3, the efficiency is improved, compared to Comparative Example 2, the color rendering properties but increases the green emission.

Furthermore, in Comparative Example 4 InI, lamp filled with Ce I ₃ is disengaged color deviation (D.U.V) has an average color rendering index (color rendering: Ra) is the green emission as low as about 70.

  In Table 1, data on the lifetime is not particularly described, but it is omitted because the example and the comparative example are almost the same.

  Furthermore, FIG. 13 shows the emission distribution characteristic (spectrum) characteristic of Example 1, and FIG. 14 shows the comparative example 4 with the wavelength (nm) on the horizontal axis and the relative emission intensity (%) on the vertical axis. . As is apparent from the figure, the lamp of Example 1, which is a product of the present invention, exhibits a light emission distribution close to the visibility curve, and good white light is obtained with high efficiency and high color rendering.

The lamp to which the present invention can be applied has a rated power of 10 to 1000 W class, and Table 3 is a table of various characteristics of the lamp of the present invention manufactured for representative varieties satisfying the halide inclusion conditions regulated by the present invention. It was confirmed that all the varieties could obtain the desired characteristics.

It is a schematic front view which shows embodiment of the high pressure discharge lamp of this invention. It is an expanded sectional front view which shows the arc_tube | light_emitting_tube part in FIG. Graph comparing TmI ₃ (MTm) encapsulated amount ratio MTm / M (%) (horizontal axis) with luminous efficiency Lm / W (vertical axis) against total encapsulated amount M of metal halide enclosed in arc tube It is. Enclosed weight ratio of TmI ₃ (MTm) and TlI (MTl) to the total amount M of metal halide sealed in the arc tube (MTm + MTl) / M (%) (horizontal axis), luminous efficiency Lm / W (vertical) (Axis). Enclosed weight ratio (MTm + MTl + MIN) / M (%) (horizontal axis) of TmI ₃ (MTm), TlI (MTl) and InI (MIN) to the total amount M of metal halide enclosed in the arc tube, and color temperature It is the graph which contrasted (vertical axis). The ratio of the weight of InI (MIN) to the total amount M of metal halide sealed in the arc tube MIn / M (%) (horizontal axis) and the color deviation (d, u, v) (vertical axis) It is a contrasted graph. A charging amount of TmI _3, which is enclosed in the arc tube (MTm) and TlI (MTl) (MTm + MTl ) inclusion weight of InI (MIn) for the ratio MIn / (MTm + MTl) ( %) ( horizontal axis), the efficiency Lm / W ( It is a graph comparing the vertical axis). It is the graph which contrasted the weight ratio MNa / M (%) (horizontal axis) of NaI (MNa) with respect to the total enclosure amount M of the metal halide sealed in the arc tube, and the color temperature K (vertical axis). It is a schematic front view which shows other embodiment of the high pressure discharge lamp of this invention. It is an enlarged front view which shows the ultraviolet-ray generation source sealed in the outer tube | pipe in FIG. It is a schematic front view which shows other embodiment of the high pressure discharge lamp of this invention. It is a partial cross section front view which shows embodiment of the illuminating device of this invention. In the light emission (spectrum) distribution characteristics of the lamp shown in Example 1 of the present invention, the horizontal axis represents wavelength (nm) and the vertical axis represents light emission intensity (%). In the emission (spectrum) distribution characteristics of the lamp shown in Comparative Example 4 which is a conventional product, the horizontal axis represents wavelength (nm) and the vertical axis represents relative emission intensity (%).

Explanation of symbols

  L1, L2, L3: High-pressure discharge lamp (metal halide lamp), 1A: arc tube, 1: discharge vessel, 11: bulging part, 12a, 12b: small diameter cylindrical part, 2A, 2B: electrode, 23a, 23b: introduction Conductor, 4A, 4B: Power supply member, 8: Lighting device, 82: Instrument (device) body,

Claims (11)

Discharge including a vessel forming a discharge space, an introduction conductor hermetically sealed at both ends of the discharge vessel, and at least a pair of electrodes connected to the introduction conductor, a metal halide sealed in the discharge vessel, and a starting gas An arc tube comprising a medium;
An outer tube having the arc tube disposed therein along the tube axis and hermetically closed;
In a high-pressure discharge lamp provided with a pair of power supply members sealed at the end of the outer tube and electrically connected to the introduction conductor of the arc tube and holding the arc tube,
The metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains Na, Tl, and Tm. The weight of the total amount M (mg) of these metal halides and the amount MTm (mg) of Tm halides enclosed. The ratio (MTm / M) is
0.54 <MTm / M <0.9
A high-pressure discharge lamp characterized by A translucent ceramic discharge vessel having a pair of small-diameter cylindrical portions having an inner diameter smaller than the bulge portions provided at both ends of the bulge portion forming the discharge space, and hermetically sealed in each small-diameter cylindrical portion of the discharge vessel. An introduction conductor, at least a pair of electrodes connected to the introduction conductor and extending into a small-diameter cylindrical portion and having a tip facing the bulging portion, a metal halide and a starting gas sealed in the discharge vessel An arc tube comprising a discharge medium comprising;
An outer tube having the arc tube disposed therein along the tube axis and hermetically closed;
In a high-pressure discharge lamp provided with a pair of power supply members sealed at the end of the outer tube and electrically connected to the introduction conductor of the arc tube and holding the arc tube,
The metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains Na, Tl, and Tm. The weight of the total amount M (mg) of these metal halides and the amount MTm (mg) of Tm halides enclosed. The ratio (MTm / M) is
0.4 <MTm / M <0.9
A high-pressure discharge lamp characterized by Weight ratio ((MTm + MTl) of the total amount M (mg) of the metal halide enclosed in the arc tube and the amount Tm (mg) of Tm halide and the amount MTl (mg) of Tl halide enclosed. ) / M)
0.6 <(MTm + MTl) / M <0.9
The high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains In, and the total amount M (mg) of the metal halide, the amount MTm (mg) of the Tm halide, the amount MTl (Tl) of the halide of Tl ( mg) and the amount of the halide of In contained in the weight ratio MIn (mg) ((MTm + MTl + MIN) / M)
0.61 <(MTm + MTl + MIN) / M <0.9
The high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains In, and the total amount M (mg) of the metal halide, the amount MIn (mg) of the halide of In, and the amount MTm of the halide of Tm. (Mg) and the weight ratio (MIn / M, MIn / (MTm + MTl)) of the enclosed amount MTl (mg) of the halide of Tl is 0.01 <MIN / M <0.1,
And MIN / (MTm + MTl) <0.1
The high-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The metal halide sealed in the arc tube contains at least one of Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb. The total amount A (mg) of these halides and Na halides, and the metal halide The weight ratio (A / M) with the total amount M (mg)
0.05 <A / M <0.4
The high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein Tm halide inclusion amount MTm is 40 to 80 wt%, Tl halide inclusion amount MTl is 5 to 20 wt%, In halide with respect to the total enclosure amount M of metal halide enclosed in the arc tube The encapsulated amount MIn is 0.5 to 8 wt%, and the encapsulated amount of at least one halide of Na, Ca, Cs, Li, Mg, and Rb is 40 wt% or less. The high pressure discharge lamp according to any one of the above.   The high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein 3 to 25 mg / cc of mercury is enclosed in the arc tube as a discharge medium.   The high pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the inside of the outer tube in which the arc tube is disposed has an atmospheric pressure of 133 Pa or less.   10. The high pressure according to claim 1, wherein the middle tube provided surrounding the arc tube is made of quartz glass having a spectral transmittance of 60% or more in an ultraviolet region of 220 to 370 nm. Discharge lamp. A lighting device body;
A high-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 10 provided in the lighting device body;
Lighting circuit means for lighting this high pressure discharge lamp;
An illumination device comprising:

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