JPH04122501A - Opposed spindle lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the delivery of work piece between main spindles and the simultane ous four-shaft processing with the simple structure by providing two headstocks so that they can be moved in the Z axial direction for positioning, and providing a second tool rest unit, which can be moved freely in the X axial direction and the Y axial direction transverse to the X axis and the Z axis for positioning, on the other side of an axial line of the Z axis in an overlapped processing area of both the main spindles. CONSTITUTION:The surface side processing of a work piece W of a first chuck 6 is concluded by separated cutting or simultaneous cutting with a lathe turning tool Tc of a first and a second turrets 12, 15, and a first and a second headstocks 2, 3 come close to each other simultaneously or separately to transfer the work piece W to a second chuck 7. Next, the headstocks 2, 3 return to the predetermined positions, and the similar cutting processing is performed to the back side of the work piece W of the second chuck 7, and after concluding the lathe turning processing of the surface and the back, the headstock 3 is moved to the central side of the positioned at a position corresponding to the turret 15. Next, a rotary tool holder TA fitted to the turret 15 is indexed to a cutting position, and an end mill Ta is rotated to clamp the main spindle 3, and surface cutting is performed to the work piece by radial feeding and cutting feeding of the second tool rest 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an opposed spindle lathe in which one of a plurality of tool post units is fixed with respect to the Z axis.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, known opposed spindle lathes with a Y-axis function and having a plurality of tool rests include the CE LMA 8 manufactured by Murata-Warner Swasey Co., Ltd. and the TNS26 manufactured by TRAUB.

In addition, the Special Publication 1986-3 was applied to opposed spindle lathes that do not have a Y-axis function.
No. 601 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 130103/1983.

These have two opposing headstocks with a tool rest on each side of the spindle axis, and the two tool rests enable simultaneous four-axis machining of the front and back sides of knee crops.1 .

Also, in a counter spindle lathe, one or both headstocks are X.

There have been very few examples of lathes that have an axis function that allows rotation and indexing around a rotation axis perpendicular to the Z axis.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The CELMA 8 and TNS26 described in the prior art section both have an x-y-z three-axis feed mechanism on the turret side, have many components, and have a complex structure, and are relatively simple. Feed axis stroke is too small. Furthermore, CELMA 8 has the problem that ATC is an essential condition.

In addition, in the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-3601, one of the headstocks is placed on the same slide as the tool rest, so when transferring a workpiece between the two spindles, the tool rest must be moved to avoid interference. This makes the program complicated,
This has the problem of increasing the risk of collision.

Furthermore, since the technique disclosed in JP-A-62-130103 is intended for bar material, there is a guide bush in the center of the amphiphilic shaft. For this reason, there is a problem in that simultaneous cutting cannot be performed using two turrets on one headstock side.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and its purpose is to provide a simple tool rest unit with an X-Y two-axis configuration or an X-axis configuration on an opposed spindle lathe. It has a simple structure with two turrets that only need to be added, and one of the headstocks can also be fixed to the z-axis, allowing workpieces to be transferred between both axes and simultaneous four-axis machining of the front and back of the workpiece. The present invention aims to provide an opposed spindle lathe that can also perform diagonal hole machining by adding a B-axis function.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the opposed spindle lathe of the present invention is provided with two headstocks movable and positionable in the Z-axis direction, and a counter-spindle lathe on the other side of the spindle axis in the X-axis direction. and X
A second tool rest movable and positionable in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the axis and the z-axis is provided in the overlapping machining area of both headstocks.

Further, the second tool rest unit may be provided so as to be movable and positionable only in the X-axis direction.

Furthermore, one of the two opposing headstocks may be movable and positioned in the Z-axis direction, and the other may be fixed.

Further, at least one of the two headstocks facing each other may be provided so as to be able to continuously rotate around a rotation axis perpendicular to the x' and z axes and indexable at any angle.

Function Claim I provides, in addition to the original function of the opposed spindle lathe, 1. The Y-axis function of the second tool post unit can be used to machine a workpiece that has been turned or is gripped on one of the headstocks, and performs machining to correct misalignment and position holes, or perform long flat surface milling in the Y-axis direction. etc.

In addition, primary machining of the front side of the workpiece 5 gripped by the spindle chuck of the first headstock is performed using the first tool rest or the second tool rest, and at the same time, the workpiece 5 gripped by the spindle chuck of the second headstock is It is also possible to perform secondary processing on the back side of a workpiece that has been subjected to primary processing using the first tool/rest or the second tool rest.

In addition, the front side of the workpiece gripped by the spindle chuck of the first headstock is simultaneously machined using two tools on the first and second toolstocks, and the workpiece that has been machined on the front side is transferred to the second headstock. It is also possible to change the grip to the spindle chuck and simultaneously process the back side using the first tool rest and the second tool rest.

≠The second tool post performs front side machining on the workpiece gripped by the spindle chuck of the first headstock, and at the same time the workpiece gripped by the spindle chuck of the second tool rest after the front side machining is processed. It is also possible to perform machining on the back side using the first tool rest.

In addition, the front side of the workpiece gripped on the first headstock is simultaneously cut using two tools on the first headstock and the V and 2nd tool rests, and the workpiece that has been machined on the front side is gripped on the second headstock. Alternatively, the first tool post can be used to process the back side.

Claim 2 provides that the main spindle is rotated at an arbitrary angle with respect to a workpiece that has been turned and held in the main spindle chuck of one of the B-axis headstocks, and is mounted on the first tool rest or the second tool rest. Diagonal hole drilling is performed using a rotating tool.

Embodiment A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8.

In an opposed spindle lathe, the front side 4 of the top surface of the slant bed 1
A headstock sliding surface 1a and a tool rest sliding surface 1b in the Z-axis direction are respectively cut on the 5° inclined surface. A first headstock 2 and a second headstock 3 are movably placed facing each other on the Z-axis sliding surface 1a, and the first headstock 2 is an NC
The second headstock 3 is controlled by the servo motor 4, and the second headstock 3 is controlled by the NC
It is moved and positioned by a controlled servo motor 5 via a pole screw (not shown).

A first spindle is rotatably supported on the first headstock 2 by a plurality of bearings (not shown), and the first spindle is supported by a concentric N
It is rotated by a C-controlled built-in motor, and the first
Chuck 6 is fitted. In addition, a second spindle that is concentric with and opposite to the first spindle is rotatably supported on the second headstock 3, and the second spindle is rotated by an NC-controlled built-in motor that is provided concentrically. Chuck 7 is fitted. The amount of movement of the first headstock 2 to the right in the Z-axis direction and the amount of movement of the second headstock 3 to the left in the Z-axis direction are such that machining areas are provided that overlap each other in the center, as shown in FIG. There is.

A carriage 8 is movably mounted on the Z-axis sliding surface 1b of the bed, and the carriage 8 is moved and positioned by an NC-controlled servo motor 9. A sliding surface 8a in the X-axis direction is cut on the upper surface of the reciprocating table 8, and a first tool post 11 is movably mounted on this X-axis sliding surface 8a. First turret 11
A first turret 12 is provided so as to be rotatable and indexable around a rotation axis in the Z-axis direction, and tools are installed at tool mounting stations for a plurality of rotary tools and fixed tools provided on the outer periphery of the first turret 12. Each can be attached removably.

A sliding surface 1c in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the A movable table 13 is movably placed on the shaft sliding surface 1c, and the movable table 13 is moved and positioned by a servo motor 16 fixed to the bed l. The movable table 13 has a sliding surface 13a in the X-axis direction on the upper surface, and the second tool rest 14 is movably placed on this X-axis sliding surface.
The second tool post is moved and positioned by a servo motor 17 fixed to the movable base. A second turret 15 is provided on the second tool post 14 so as to be able to rotate and index around a rotation axis in the Z-axis direction, and a plurality of tool mounting stations are provided on the outer periphery of the second turret 15. Rotary tool holders TA, TB and turning tool holder TC are each detachably attached to the station.

As shown in FIG. 8, the tool mounting stations of the first turret 12 and the second turret 15 are mounted on both sides of the turret rotation surface at the axial center of the straight shank insertion hole 10 of the tool holder by a drive mechanism (not shown). The clamp piece 10a is removable.

10b, and the clamping pieces 10a and 10b can be attached and detached separately, so that the tool holder can be turned 180 degrees and attached. For example, the serration T (
When clamped by the clamp piece 10b with I facing upward, the set corresponds to the first headstock 2, and when clamped by the clamp piece 10a with the serrations Td of the same tool holder Tc facing downward, the set corresponds to the first headstock 2. This is a set that corresponds to the headstock 3.

Note that the means for attaching the tool holder by inverting it 1800 degrees is not limited to the method of providing two clamp pieces;
A similar effect can be obtained by providing serrations at two locations with a 180° phase difference on the shank portion of the tool holder and using only one clamping piece.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be explained.

By individual cutting or simultaneous cutting using the turning tool Tc of the first turret 12 and the second turret 15, machining of the front side of the workpiece W held by the first chuck 6 is completed, and the first headstock 2 and the second headstock 3 are Simultaneously or one of the headstocks 2 or 3 moves closer and transfers the workpiece W to the second chuck 7. Next, the first headstock 2 and the second headstock 3 return to their predetermined positions, and the same cutting process as described above is performed on the back side of the workpiece W gripped by the second chuck 7, and the turning process on both sides is completed. , the second headstock 3 is moved toward the center in the Z-axis direction at a rapid traverse speed, and the workpiece W is positioned at a position corresponding to the second turret 15. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the second turret 1
The rotary tool holder TA with the end mill Ta attached to the rotary tool holder TA is indexed to the cutting position, the end mill Ta is rotated, and the second spindle is clamped, and the second tool rest 14 is rotated for cutting in the X-axis direction. The surface of the side surface of the workpiece W is milled by feeding and cutting feed in the Y-axis direction.

Once the surface machining process is completed, the second tool rest 14 is moved backward in the X-axis direction, and the rotary tool holder TA with the trill Tb is indexed to the cutting position, and as shown in FIG. 13 in the Y-axis direction, the trill Tb is positioned at a predetermined misaligned position, and drilling is performed by feeding the second tool rest 14 toward the workpiece in the X-axis direction.

Note that the means for moving the second tool rest in the Y-axis direction is not limited to the structure of moving and positioning the second tool rest along the Y-axis sliding surface IC described above.
An auxiliary sliding surface 101a in the Z-axis direction inclined in the overlapping region of the rear center part is provided, and a movable table 113 having a sliding surface 113a in the X-axis direction is provided on the auxiliary sliding surface so as to be movable and positionable. The purpose of the Y-axis function can also be achieved with a structure in which the second tool rest 115 is movably positioned on the X-axis sliding surface 113a.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, a sliding surface 201a in the X'-axis (horizontal) direction is provided in the overlapping region of the rear central part of the head 201, and an A movable base 2+3 having a shaft sliding surface 213a is provided so as to be movable and positionable, and a second tool rest 21 is mounted on the Xl1ll sliding surface 213a.
The purpose of the Y-axis function can also be achieved even if the structure is such that 5 can be moved and positioned.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 9.

The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the Z-axis overlapping machining area of both headstocks 2 and 3 on the rear side of the head 1 on the 45° inclined surface, there is a fixed The stand 21 is fixed, and the second tool rest 14 can be moved and positioned only in the X-axis direction. Therefore, since the other parts are the same, the same reference numerals will be given and the explanation will be omitted, and the operation of the second embodiment will be explained next.

In the first example of operation, the workpiece currently gripped by the first chuck 6 of the first headstock 2 is
Turning or milling is performed on the front side by moving the tool in the Z-axis direction and moving the first tool rest 11 in the X-axis direction. Turning or milling is performed on a workpiece by moving the second headstock in the Z-axis direction and moving the second tool rest 14 in the X-axis direction.

When machining of the back side of the workpiece W held by the second chuck 7 is completed, the second headstock moves to the right and is positioned at a predetermined position, and the fully machined workpiece is moved by an automatic workpiece changer (not shown). or removed from the second chuck and carried out,
During this time, machining of the front side of the workpiece W held by the first chuck 6 is completed.

Next, the first headstock 2 and the second headstock 3 simultaneously move in the Z-axis direction and approach, and the second chuck 7 grips the workpiece that has been machined on the front side. This grip change may be performed while the amphib shafts 6 and 7 are rotating or stationary.

Next, machining of the back side of the workpiece gripped by the second chuck 7 is started, and at the same time, the first headstock 2 is moved to the left and positioned at a predetermined position, and the automatic workpiece changer transfers a new workpiece to the first chuck 6. Installed.

In addition, in the first operation example, the first headstock 2 and the second tool rest 14 may be combined to perform surface machining, and the second headstock 3 and the first tool rest 11 may be combined to perform back surface machining. I'll come.

The second example of operation is the relative movement of the first headstock 2 and the first tool rest 11 in the two-axis directions and the movement of the first tool rest 11 and the second tool rest with respect to the workpiece currently gripped by the first chuck 6. Simultaneous turning of the front side is performed by moving the table 14 on the X axis.

When the machining of the front side is completed, the workpiece is gripped by the second chuck 7, and the second headstock 3 and the first tool rest 11 are moved relative to each other in the Z-axis direction, and the first tool rest 11 and the second tool rest 14 are moved relative to each other in the Z-axis direction. Simultaneous turning of the back side is performed by moving the X-axis. When the machining on the back side is completed, the second headstock 3 moves to the right and is positioned at a predetermined position, and the workpiece is removed from the second chuck and carried out by the automatic workpiece changer.

Next, FIG. 10 for the third embodiment;; jjrj
and explain.

The difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second headstock 3 is fixed to the right end of the Since the other parts are the same, the same reference numerals will be used and the explanation will be omitted, and the operation of the third embodiment will be explained next.

The difference between this action and the first action in the second embodiment is that the second action is different from the first action in the second embodiment.
Machining can only be done by a combination of the headstock 3 and the second tool rest 14. Therefore, the first headstock 2 and the second tool rest 1
4 to machine the front side of the workpiece, and the combination of the second headstock and the first tool rest 11 to machine the back side of the workpiece.

The difference between the second embodiment and the second embodiment of this operation is that when the second chuck 7 grips a workpiece and processes the back side, it can only be aligned with the second tool rest 14. Therefore, the jJD work on the back is based on the first turret 11? 11 German processing.

Note that the third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in which the second headstock of the opposite spindle rotation is of a fixed type, but the first headstock side may also be of a fixed type. Further, one of the headstocks of the opposed spindle lathe with Y-axis function of the first embodiment may be of a fixed type.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is as follows.
The first headstock 2 or NC enables continuous rotation and rotation indexing around a rotation axis perpendicular to omitted.

The headstock 2 has a rotation center shaft 23 in the center of the lower surface, and the rotation center shaft 23 rotates via a plurality of bearings 26 in a sleeve 25 that is fitted into a hole in the Y-axis direction drilled in the lower headstock 24. Bearing possible. A hydraulic cylinder 27 is bored in the lower stand 24 concentrically with the sleeve 25.
The piston 28 fitted into the sleeve 25 is fitted into the outer periphery of the central part of the sleeve 25 so as to be able to rotate and move in the axial direction, and has an integral flange 28a at the upper end, and a crown gear 29 is integrally carved on the lower surface of the flange. It is set up. Furthermore, a sleeve 25 is attached to the lower stand 24.
A crown gear 31, which serves as a positioning reference, is fixed concentrically with the tooth surface facing up, and a crown gear 32, which is installed concentrically outside the crown gear 31 with its tooth surface facing up, is attached to the skirt of the headstock 2. It is fixed to the lower side of part 2a.

And crown gear 29. 3 ], 32 are all formed with the same shaped teeth, and the crown gear 31 which serves as the positioning reference and the crown gear 32 fixed to the headstock,
By engaging and disengaging the crown gear 29 freely by the hydraulic cylinder 27 and aligning the tooth rows of the gears 31 and 32, positioning and clamping are mainly performed in the Z-axis direction position of the headstock rotation.

Further, if necessary, indexing and clamping at an angle corresponding to the number of teeth of the crown gear 31 is also performed.

Furthermore, the lower stand 24 has a corresponding position on the bottom surface of the skirt portion 2a,
A hydraulic cylinder 33 is installed vertically, and a brake shoe 34 at the tip of the piston loft can brake the headstock at any turning position. The piston 28 can be rotated continuously and indexed to any desired angle, depending on whether the crown gear is engaged or disengaged.

Furthermore, an NC-driven servo motor B-type 35 is fixed vertically to the seventh surface of the lower base 24, and one gear 36 is fitted to the output shaft of the servo motor 3'5, or one gear 37 is fitted to the intermediate shaft 39. The other gear 38 is meshed with a gear 41 that is integrally carved on the outer periphery of the skirt portion 2a of the headstock 2, and the headstock 2 is rotated and indexed by the N'C-controlled surfomotor 35. It is considered to be an axis function.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be explained.

When the turning process on the workpiece W held by the first chuck 6 is completed, pressure oil is supplied to the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 27, and the crown gear 29 and 3'1.32 are disengaged and N
The surf motor 35 is rotated by the turning command of C, and the gear 36.
37. The first headstock 2 is rotated through the shafts 18' and 41, and positioned at an arbitrary angle specified by the program as shown in FIG. It takes. Next, the second Taleno l□
The rotary tool holder TB is rotated to index the rotary tool holder TB to be attached to the rotary tool mounting station, and at the same time, the rotation of the first spindle is clamped, and the second cutter in the X-axis direction of the first headstock 2 is rotated.

Note that the second headstock 3 may be equipped with a B shaft, and the
Both the headstock 2 and the second headstock 3 can be equipped with a B shaft.

In addition, the fourth embodiment is the opposed spindle lathe of the third embodiment in which one headstock is equipped with a B axis, the opposed spindle lathe with Y-axis function of the first embodiment, and the opposed spindle lathe of the second embodiment. The headstock of the lathe can also be equipped with a B shaft.

Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the following effects.

The Y-axis opposed spindle lathe according to claim 1 has two opposing headstocks each capable of moving and positioning in the X-axis direction, and a tool rest unit that is movable and positioning in the X and X-axis directions on one side of the spindle axis. In the two-axis overlapping machining area of both headstocks on the other side of the main spindle axis of the opposed spindle lathe with
By adding one tool post unit that can be moved and positioned in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the 7-axis, Y-axis machining on both headstocks is possible, so the Y-axis stroke is large, the structure is simple, and there are fewer failures. A counter-spindle lathe with a Y-axis mechanism can be supplied at a low cost, and tool holders can be used in common on the left and right sides, thereby reducing tooling costs.

In addition, in an opposed spindle lathe, each of the two opposing headstocks can be moved and positioned in the X-axis direction, and the other side of the spindle axis has a tool rest unit that can be moved and positioned in the X and X-axis directions on one side of the spindle axis. The structure is such that one turret unit that can move and position only in the X-axis direction is added to the Z-axis overlapped machining area of both side headstocks, making the structure simple and the machine inexpensive. Both secondary machining operations can be performed simultaneously using two tools, so by allocating each machining process to the optimum time, machining time, including workpiece loading and unloading time, can be shortened and productivity improved. do.

In addition, the number of tools that can be used for workpieces on both sides is doubled,
Since the number of processing areas can be increased, there will be no leftover processing, resulting in significant process integration.

Furthermore, by being able to approach the opposing spindle from both sides at the same time, the workpiece holder can shorten the transfer time, and the turret unit can be retracted in the X-axis direction. The workpiece carrier can simplify the transfer program and reduce the risk of collisions.

Furthermore, by adopting a structure in which one of the opposing headstocks is fixed, the machine becomes simpler, less expensive, and more efficient in terms of investment.

In the opposed spindle lathe of claim 2, one or both of the headstocks are rotatable and equipped with an axis function, so compared to conventional diagonal hole machining in which an angle attachment is attached to the tool rest and machining is performed by X-Z synchronous movement. The straight feed accuracy is good and the machining accuracy is improved, making it especially effective for reaming.

In addition, curved surface machining, which was conventionally processed by transferring to a machining center, is now possible through continuous rotation control of the headstock, improving process efficiency and efficiency.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the Y-axis opposed spindle lathe of the first embodiment, Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a front view of Fig. 1, showing the Z-axis overlapping machining area of both headstocks. Figure 4 is for explaining the operation of the first embodiment, and is a diagram showing surface milling by Y-axis movement, and Figure 5 is for explaining the operation of the ML embodiment, and is for drilling holes at misaligned positions by X-axis movement. 6 and 7 are rear and side views of a Y-axis opposed spindle lathe showing two other embodiments of the first embodiment, and FIG. 8 shows a tool holder of the same shape. A diagram of the tool mounting station of the turret, which can be installed in a 180° inverted manner so as to correspond to the main shafts on both sides, and the tool holder attached to it. Perspective view of an opposed spindle lathe with a turret, 1st
0 is a perspective view of an opposed spindle lathe in which one of the headstocks is a fixed type according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an opposed spindle lathe in which one of the headstocks is of a rotating type in the fourth embodiment. Figure 12 is the first
Enlarged view of the swivel type No. 1 headstock in Figure 1, viewed from the back, No. 13
This figure is for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment, and is a diagram illustrating a situation in which the headstock is rotated to an arbitrary position and an oblique hole is being drilled. 2..First headstock 3..Second headstock 11..First
Turret 13...Moving table 14...Second turret 21
...Fixed stand 24...Spindle lower stand

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In an opposed spindle lathe having two headstocks that face each other and share a spindle axis, and a first tool rest unit that is movable and positionable in the X-axis and Z-axis directions on one side of the spindle axis, the two At least one of the two headstocks is provided so as to be movable and positionable in the Z-axis direction, and an
An opposed spindle lathe characterized in that a second tool post unit capable of moving and positioning in the axial direction or in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X and Z axes is provided in an overlapping machining area of both headstocks. (2) At least one of the two opposing headstocks is provided so as to be capable of continuous rotation around a rotation axis perpendicular to the X and Z axes and indexable at any angle. Opposed spindle lathe.