JPH04119013U - solar thermal building - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (with amendments) [Configuration] By controlling the switching damper 26, etc., the air collected and heated by the solar heat collection device 6 is transferred to the heat storage and cold storage device 3.
0, heat is exchanged here, the heat is stored in the heat storage and cold storage device 30, and this heat is effectively used for heating. On the other hand, outside air (nighttime cold air) is introduced into the heat exchanger 60 and heat exchanged with cold tap water flowing underground to cool the outside air (nighttime cold air). Underfloor duct 6
3 to the heat storage and cold storage device 30 and store the cold therein.
By gradually releasing this cold energy, the inside of the building is cooled day and night. [Effect] It is possible to effectively heat a building in the winter and to cool it effectively in the summer, thereby providing a comfortable living environment throughout the seasons.

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

0001

[Technical field of invention]

The present invention relates to a building that effectively utilizes solar heat and nighttime cold air.

0002

[Technical background of the invention]

The interior of the building is comprehensively surrounded with insulation material to improve the insulation and airtightness of the building. A new type of architecture has been developed and is gaining popularity, especially in cold regions.

0003 In such buildings, the inside of the building is a closed space, so there is no exchange inside the building. You need to do it in a planned manner. Recently, as a heating method for buildings, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-165633 and As described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 64-75858, solar heat is collected by a heat collector. The heated air is supplied to a heat storage device placed inside the building to store heat. It is known that the inside of a building can be heated by gradually releasing the stored heat.

0004 However, in such solar heating buildings, heating in winter is not comfortable. However, it is not necessarily possible to create a comfortable living environment during other seasons such as summer. There wasn't.

[0005] In such cases, using an electrically driven cooling system can easily provide sufficient cooling during the summer. Of course, it is possible to provide effective cooling, but this method does not allow for effective use of solar heat. This goes against the purpose of energy conservation.

[0006] Therefore, the inventor of the present invention introduced the cold air at night in summer into a heat storage device inside the building to cool it down at night. By storing the cold energy of the air and gradually releasing this cold energy, it can be used not only at night in summer but also during the day in summer. The idea is to provide a comfortable living environment throughout the year by cooling the room gently. I devised a plan.

[0007] However, simply cooling the air at night is not enough to overcome the summer heat. It has been desired to further improve this. In such cases, first, outside air is introduced into ventilation pipes buried underground to reduce the low temperature underground. Using the cool tube method, which cools outside air and brings it into the building, cool air is released at night. Cooling may be considered. However, when a large amount of cold air flows at night, the temperature in the soil increases. The disadvantage is that the cold air at night is not cooled and a sufficient cooling effect cannot be obtained.

[0008] In addition, when driving an exhaust system in a building, the exhaust gas associated with the exhaust action of this exhaust system is It is possible to utilize the Chulli effect to suck in outside air and introduce it into the building. Conceivable. However, in this case, even if cold air is introduced at night, the cooling effect is low. .

[0009]

[Purpose of invention]

This invention was made in view of these circumstances, and is the only method that can effectively utilize solar heat. By cooling the cold air even more at night, cooling can be effectively achieved in the summer, and Our goal is to provide solar heating buildings that can provide a comfortable living environment throughout the seasons. aimed to.

0010

[Summary of the idea]

In order to achieve such a purpose, the solar thermal building according to the present invention: A solar heat collector that heats the outdoor air taken inside by irradiating sunlight. and, An indoor duct that guides the air heated by the solar heat collector into the building; Connected to this indoor duct, air inside the indoor duct can be exhausted outdoors. exhaust duct, A water supply system that carries outdoor air taken in from outside through water pipes buried underground. A heat exchanger that cools by exchanging heat with water; An underfloor duct that guides air cooled by the heat exchanger into the building; It is placed under the floor of a building and is connected to the indoor duct and underfloor duct. It exchanges heat with the air flowing out from the duct and stores the cold or warm heat of the air. A heat storage and cold storage device that can release the heat-exchanged air into the building; Provided at a branch part between the indoor duct and the discharge duct, and from the solar heat collecting device In the case of blocking the flow path toward the discharge duct via the indoor duct, and in the case of the solar heat collection When blocking the flow path of the indoor duct from the device toward the heat storage and cold storage device, a selectively controlled switching damper; Installed in the indoor duct between the solar heat collector and the switching damper, a first fan capable of forcibly blowing air within the heat collecting device into the indoor duct as appropriate; The outdoor air cooled by the heat exchanger is installed in the underfloor duct and is stored in the heat storage. a second fan that can appropriately blow air into the cooling device; It is characterized by having the following.

[0011] According to the solar heating building according to the present invention, the solar thermal building can be used in winter, etc. When using heat to heat a building, a switching damper is controlled to At the same time as blocking the duct, the flow path of the indoor duct is opened and the heat is collected using a solar heat collection device. The heated air is guided to the heat storage and cold storage device, where it exchanges heat and is stored in the heat storage and cold storage device. This heat can then be effectively used for heating.

0012 On the other hand, when cooling the inside of a building, the second fan is driven to cool the outside air (cool air at night). is introduced into the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with cold tap water flowing underground. cooling air). This cooled outside air (nighttime cold air) is stored through an underfloor duct. The heat is guided to a cold storage device and stored there. As a result, this stored cold energy is gradually removed. By releasing the heat, the inside of the building can be cooled day and night. On this occasion, The outside air (cold air at night) has high humidity, but condensation occurs when it comes into contact with water pipes, so it is difficult to remove it. Cool, moist air can be released into the building, creating an even cooler feeling. .

[0013] In this way, the present invention does not simply provide gentle cooling using cold air at night. It actively cools the cold air at night by exchanging heat with cold tap water, so it is However, it is possible to cool the air very effectively.

[0014] From the above, the present invention can effectively heat buildings in the winter, while also heating the building in the summer. It can effectively cool the room and provide a comfortable living environment throughout the year. be able to.

[0015] Note that cooling by heat exchange with tap water is not only performed for cold air at night, but also for daytime cooling. It may also be performed on the outside air during the day, and in this case, cooling during the daytime can be further promoted.

[0016]

[Specific explanation of the idea]

As shown in FIG. 1, in the solar thermal building 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the roof 4 A solar heat collecting device 6 is installed on top of the . The solar heat collector 6 takes in outdoor air. There is an intake port 8 through which the air can be taken in, and the inside through which the air taken in from here circulates. It has a partial flow path 10. The internal channel 10 receives sunlight through a transparent member such as glass. is irradiated, and the outdoor air taken in here is heated. Inside In order to increase the heat exchange efficiency with the internal air and to enhance the reinforcing effect, the internal flow path 10 As shown in FIG. 3, a corrugated plate 12 having an uneven shape may be installed. Ma In addition, it is preferable to install a heat insulating material 14 between the heat collecting device 6 and the roof 4. . Furthermore, a solar cell 16 is installed on one surface of the heat collecting device 6 on the sunlight irradiation side. It is preferable.

[0017] The heat collecting device 6 installed in this way has a function to guide the heated air in the internal flow path 10 indoors. One end of an indoor duct 18 for ventilation is connected. The other end of the indoor duct 18 is It is connected to a heat storage and cold storage device 30, which will be described later. A replacement box 20 is installed. This flow path switching box 20 has a A duct 22 is connected. The exhaust duct 22 exhausts the air inside the indoor duct to the outdoors. It is possible to let out outdoor air and lead outdoor air to the indoor duct 18. is now possible. A flow path cutout is a branch point between the indoor duct 18 and the discharge duct 22. A switching damper 26 is installed inside the switching box 20. switching dan The pipe 26 is directed from the solar heat collector 6 to the exhaust duct 22 via the indoor duct 18. In the case of blocking the flow path, and when heading from the solar heat collector 6 to the heat storage and cold storage device 30 direction. It is selectively controlled when the flow path of the indoor duct 18 is blocked. Ru. This switching damper 26 is made of a material with excellent heat insulation and heat resistance, such as a heat resistant material. Foamed polystyrene (for example, Kanebuchi Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.'s product name: Heat Max) and silicone Preferably, it is made of cone resin or the like.

[0018] An indoor duct 18 between such a flow path switching box 20 and the heat collecting device 6 side Inside, there is a first duct which can forcefully blow the air inside the heat collecting device 6 into the indoor duct 18 as appropriate. A fan 32 is installed. The first fan 32 is arranged in the solar heat collector 6 It is designed to be driven by a solar battery 16.

[0019] The heat storage and cold storage device 30 to which the other end of the indoor duct 18 is connected is located under the floor and The air in the inner duct 18 is guided into the inside of the device and exchanges heat with the air circulating inside. , stores the cold or hot heat of the circulating air and exhausts the heat-exchanged air into the building. It is possible to take it out. The heat storage and cold storage device 30 is not particularly limited. However, as shown in Fig. 2, a plurality of concrete blocks 32 having ventilation holes inside are used. An arrangement of individual parts is used.

[0020] In such a building 2, the outer periphery of the foundation 33, the outer periphery of the pillar 36, and the roof material 4a On the indoor side, a heat insulating material 38 is installed so as to comprehensively surround the building, and also to cover the underfloor space. 40 and the attic space 42 to form an inner ventilation layer 44. It is being circulated. Then, between the insulation material 38 and the outer wall material 46 and between the insulation material 38 and the roof An outer ventilation layer 48 may be formed between the root material 4a and the root material 4a. Also, this In a building where the building is comprehensively surrounded by a heat insulating material 38, the underfloor space 40 In order to ventilate the inner ventilation layer 44 and the attic space 42, an underfloor ventilation hole 5 is provided under the floor. 0 is provided, and a ventilation opening 52 under the ridge is provided in the ridge portion of the roof. These exchanges An underfloor opening/closing damper 54 and an underridge opening/closing damper 56 are provided at each of the air vents.

[0021] In building 2 configured in this way, it is possible to systematically ventilate the room. Preferably, some rooms in the building, such as toilets and bathrooms, It is preferable to provide a ventilation device 58 that can forcefully exhaust air outdoors. .

[0022] Next, in this example, in order to perform air conditioning during summer, etc., the configuration is as follows. Ru. That is, the water pipe 61 buried underground is covered, and the tap water and the outside air are heat-exchanged. A heat exchanger 60 is buried underground to cool the outside air. This heat exchanger 60 An introduction pipe 62 for taking in outside air from the ground is provided on the inlet side of the tank. heat On the outlet side of the exchanger 60, there is an underfloor duct 63 connected to the heat storage and cold storage device 30. It is arranged. Furthermore, the bottom surface 60a of the heat exchanger 60 is filled with water that has condensed during cooling. A drain 64 is provided to receive the water and naturally infiltrate it underground. The bottom surface 60a is tapered so that condensed water can be guided to the bottom surface 60a.

[0023] Furthermore, the underfloor duct 63 sucks outside air into the heat exchanger 60 through the introduction pipe 62. The cooled outside air can be appropriately blown to the heat storage and cold storage device 30 via the underfloor duct 63. A second fan 34 is installed. This second fan 34 is powered by the solar cell 16. It is driven by a storage battery (not shown) in which electromotive force is stored. Additionally, underfloor ducts 63 is provided with a reverse duct in order to prevent warm air from escaping through the underfloor duct 63 in winter. A stop valve 65 is provided.

[0024] Therefore, at night in summer, etc., the second fan 34 is driven to heat the cold night air. It is introduced into the exchanger 60 and exchanges heat with cold tap water flowing underground to generate cold air at night. to cool down. This cooled night air is transferred to an underfloor duct 63 and a check valve 65 that is opened. It is led to the heat storage and cold storage device 30 via the heat storage and cold storage device 30 and stored therein. This allows this cold storage to occur. By gradually releasing cold heat, the inside of the building can be cooled day and night. Wear. At this time, the cold night air has high humidity, but condensation occurs when it touches the water pipe 61. This allows dehumidified cold air to be released into the building, creating an even cooler feeling. I can do that.

[0025] In addition, in this embodiment, the direction in which the tap water in the water pipe 61 flows is parallel to the outside air. However, from the point of view of heat exchange efficiency, counterflow is preferable. is preferable. Furthermore, in order to further improve heat exchange efficiency, the water pipe 61 is bent. Alternatively, the water pipe 61 may be provided with fins.

[0026] Furthermore, tap water may be municipal tap water or private well water, for example. good. For example, according to the standard climate data for Tokyo in August, in the case of city water, The temperature of the water flowing in the underground water pipe 61 is 20°C to 23°C, and it is cold at night. Since the temperature of air is between 24°C and 28°C, the temperature of the cooled night air is simply Curing is higher when heat exchanged with city water than when outside air is introduced directly at night.

[0027] In the case of well water, the temperature is lower than city water, and the temperature of the water flowing in the water pipe 61 is The temperature is 15°C to 18°C, which is more effective. Furthermore, cooling by heat exchange with tap water is not only performed for cold air at night; It may also be performed against the outside air during the daytime, in which case cooling during the daytime can be further promoted. .

[0028] Note that the switching damper 26, the first fan 32, and the second fan as described above 34 and a control device (not shown) for controlling the solar cell 16. child An outside air sensor (not shown) that detects the outdoor temperature is connected to the control device.

[0029] Next, the operation of the solar heating building according to this embodiment will be explained. In winter and summer seasons, underfloor ventilation vents are installed to heat and cool the building. 50 and the underbuilding ventilation opening 52 are closed.

[0030] Especially during the daytime in winter, the first fan 32 is driven and the second fan 34 is driven. Not driven. In this state, the switching damper 26, as shown in FIG. It is controlled to close the duct 22. Therefore, it is heated by the heat collecting device 6. The air is sent to the heat storage and cold storage device 30 through the indoor duct 18, where it undergoes heat exchange. The heat is stored and sent to each room, contributing to the heating of each room and ultimately being replaced. The air is discharged outdoors from the air device 58.

[0031] In the case of a winter night, as shown in FIG. 4, the solar cell 16 is not irradiated with sunlight. Therefore, the first fan 32 is not driven, and the second fan 34 is not driven either. Moreover, Since the switching damper 26 is controlled to close the discharge duct 22, The inside of the building is gradually warmed by the heat stored in the heat storage and cold storage device 30.

[0032] Therefore, solar heat can be effectively used for heating regardless of day or night. In the summer, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the switching damper 26 8 and open the discharge duct 22.

[0033] On summer nights, the first fan 32 is not driven and the second fan 34 is driven. child Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, cold air is introduced into the heat exchanger 60 at night as described above. The system cools the cold air at night by exchanging heat with cold tap water flowing underground. this cold The cooled night air is transferred to the heat storage and cold storage system through the underfloor duct 63 and the open check valve 65. The coolant is then introduced into the cooling chamber 30 and stored therein. As a result, the heat and cold storage device 30 releases The cold air passes through each room and is discharged from the ventilation system 58 after cooling each room. . Thereby, the inside of the building can be cooled. At this time, the cold air at night condenses. Since it is dehumidified, you can get an even cooler feeling.

[0034] At this time, the switching damper 26 is controlled to connect the discharge duct 22 to the indoor duct 18. Alternatively, the cold may be stored by being introduced into the heat storage and cold storage device 30 via the heat storage and cold storage device 30. However, the temperature of this nighttime cold air is higher than the temperature of the nighttime cold air cooled by the heat exchanger 60. Since the cooling effect is also high, there is a risk that the cooling effect will be weakened, so it is not recommended to introduce it in large quantities. stomach.

[0035] During the daytime in summer, the first fan 32 is driven and the second fan 34 is not driven. figure 6, since the switching damper 26 opens the discharge duct 22, the 1 fan 32 is driven, the air heated by the heat collecting device 6 is transferred to the exhaust duct. It is discharged outdoors through the duct 22. In this case, a heat exchanger is installed in the exhaust duct 22. A heat exchanger may be installed to convert cold water into hot water, etc. Also, The heat storage and cold storage device 30 has cold heat stored on summer nights, and this cold heat is used to cool the inside of the building. can be cooled.

[0036] For example, in the spring and autumn seasons other than summer and winter, the underfloor ventilation opening 50 and the underridge ventilation opening 52 are opened. It is also possible to ventilate it by opening it. Then, depending on conditions such as outside temperature, By controlling the replacement damper 26, a comfortable living environment can be realized.

[0037] Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is within the scope of the present invention. Various modifications can be made within the range.

[0038]

[Effect of the idea]

As mentioned above, the present invention utilizes solar heat to build buildings during winter. When heating the interior, control the switching damper and close the exhaust duct. At the same time, the flow path of the indoor duct is opened, and the heated air is collected by the solar heat collector. The heat is transferred to the heat storage and cold storage device, where it is exchanged and stored in the heat storage and cold storage device, making this heat effective. It can be used for heating and can also be useful for energy-saving operation of heaters.

[0039] On the other hand, when cooling the inside of a building, the second fan is driven to cool the outside air (cool air at night). is introduced into the heat exchanger and exchanges heat with cold tap water flowing underground. cooling air). This cooled outside air (nighttime cold air) is stored through an underfloor duct. The heat is guided to a cold storage device and stored there. As a result, this stored cold energy is gradually removed. By releasing the heat, the inside of the building can be cooled day and night. On this occasion, The outside air (cold air at night) has high humidity, but condensation occurs when it comes into contact with water pipes, so it is difficult to remove it. Cool, moist air can be released into the building, creating an even cooler feeling. It can also be useful for energy-saving operation of coolers.

[0040] In this way, the present invention does not simply provide gentle cooling using cold air at night. It actively cools the cold air at night by exchanging heat with cold tap water, so it is However, it is possible to cool the air very effectively.

[0041] From the above, the present invention can effectively heat buildings in the winter, while also heating the building in the summer. It can effectively cool the room and provide a comfortable living environment throughout the year. be able to.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a solar heating building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the heat storage and cold storage device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the solar heat collector shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention on a winter night.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of a building on a summer night according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the state of the building according to the same example during summer daytime.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Buildings 4 Roof 6 Solar heat collector 16 Solar cells 18 Indoor duct 20 Flow path switching box 22 Discharge duct 26 Switching damper 30 Heat storage cold storage device 32 1st fan 34 Second fan 50 Underfloor ventilation 60 Heat exchanger 61 Water pipe 63 Underfloor duct

──────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued from front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location // E04D 13/18 7029-2E

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] Claim 1: A solar heat collection device that heats outdoor air taken inside by being irradiated with sunlight; an indoor duct that guides the air heated by the solar heat collection device into a building; A discharge duct is connected to the duct and is capable of discharging the air inside the indoor duct to the outdoors, and the outdoor air taken in from the outdoors is exchanged with the tap water flowing in the water pipes buried underground. a cooling heat exchanger; an underfloor duct that guides the air cooled by the heat exchanger into the building; A heat storage and cold storage device capable of exchanging heat with the air, storing the cold or hot heat of the air, and releasing the heat-exchanged air into the building; , when blocking the flow path from the solar heat collection device to the discharge duct via the indoor duct, and when blocking the flow path of the indoor duct from the solar heat collection device toward the heat storage and cold storage device. a switching damper that is controlled by the user; and a first fan that is installed in an indoor duct between the solar heat collector and the switch damper and is capable of forcing and appropriately blowing air in the solar heat collector into the indoor duct. , a second fan attached to the underfloor duct and capable of appropriately blowing outdoor air cooled by the heat exchanger into the heat storage and cold storage device. 2. The first fan is driven by a solar battery disposed in the solar heat collecting device, and the second fan is driven by a storage battery storing electromotive force generated by the solar battery. The solar heating building according to claim 1.