JPH0411820A - Device for cultivating plant, bacterium and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the subject device enabling to cultivate small amounts and many kinds of plants, bacteria, etc., by dividing a house for the cultivation into plural different temperature chambers with temperature controllers and air curtains and disposing a device for carrying wagons for the plants, bacteria, etc., in the different temperature chambers in a loop-like shape. CONSTITUTION:Plural temperature controllers 2 and plural humidity controllers 13 are disposed in parallel in a house 1 whose all portions or prescribed partial portions are made of a transparent material such as a transparent plastics for the cultivation of plants, bacteria, etc. Plural air curtain devices 3 each comprising an air blower, an air exhauster, etc., are disposed at prescribed intervals in the house 1 and the house 1 is divided into plural different temperature chambers 4 with air-blowing layers formed with the air curtain devices 3 and with air controlled with the temperature controllers 2. A device 5 for carrying wagons 6 holding the plants, bacteria, etc., is disposed in a loop-like shape in a state permitting the successive passage of the wagons thereon in the different temperature chambers.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a cultivation/cultivation device for plants, bacteria, etc., and particularly for cultivating plants, bacteria, etc. of different seasons in a short period of time in a small space, and The present invention relates to a plant cultivation device and a bacteria cultivation device that enable the cultivation of long-term cultivated plants.

<Prior art> Conventionally, the cultivation of plants such as flowers, vegetables, and fruits, or the cultivation of fungi and bacteria is usually carried out on a flat surface in a house such as a greenhouse, with a cultivation bed for plants, etc., and containers for fungi placed in fixed positions. However, it requires a large space and is inconvenient to manage, and it is unsatisfactory because plants, bacteria, etc. must be continuously cultivated and cultivated in the same greenhouse. From this point of view, JP-A-5
No. 0-57829, a cultivation/cultivation device having a three-dimensional configuration as shown in Figure 'M5 that saves space and enables continuous cultivation/cultivation has been proposed.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> However, in this cultivation/cultivation method, the entire greenhouse is kept at a nearly constant temperature by the air conditioner attached, so different types or the same type of crops can be grown at different times within the same greenhouse. Therefore, in order to cultivate seasonal crops, it is necessary to convert the inside of the greenhouse to the desired spring temperature, summer temperature, etc. each time the conveyor device circulates. It is time consuming and has poor productivity, so growing many varieties with different growing conditions in the same greenhouse,
There is a problem in that it is difficult to cultivate and cultivate different seasonal crops at the same time.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a cultivation/cultivation device for plants, bacteria, etc., which is capable of cultivating and cultivating a wide variety of plants and seasonal plants at the same time in the same greenhouse with a simple configuration. Objective <Means for solving IS> As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 of the embodiment diagram, the present invention
The inside of a greenhouse for cultivating and incubating bacteria, etc. is divided into a plurality of different temperature chambers using a temperature control device and an air curtain device, and a wagon for holding plants, bacteria, etc. can pass through each of the different temperature chambers in sequence. The wagon transport device is arranged in a loop inside the house.

Function> In FIGS. 1 to 3, the blower 14 in the air curtain device 3 is shown. When the exhaust fan 15 is operated, a fluidized air layer is formed in the vertical house 1 as shown by the arrows centered on the upper and lower two dotted lines A and A@. It is divided into 3 rooms. Next, when the temperature adjustment device 2 is activated, the three chambers become different temperature chambers 4 having predetermined different temperatures. Therefore, when the intermittent drive type conveyance device 5 is operated, among the wagons 6 held by the wagon 6, those located on the rising side of the roller chain 9 move from the bottom to the top in the different temperature chambers 4. Further, the roller chain 9 located on the lower 5I side passes through each of the different temperature chambers 4 sequentially from the top to the bottom. That is, the wagon 6 on the ascending side and the wagon 6 on the descending side pass through different temperature bands that are opposite to each other. By appropriately setting the intermittent conveyance speed of W5,
Wagon 6 carries the flowers, vegetables, fruits,
The inside of the house 1 can be transported under the optimal environment for cultivating and cultivating bacteria, etc. As a result, proper cultivation and culture of plants, bacteria, etc. of many varieties and in different seasons can be achieved. Also, N4,5
Even in the case of the horizontal house 20 shown in the figure, the wagons 26 are moved in opposite directions to the different temperature chambers 20 by the transport device 22.
It is divided into two groups that are transported inside, and can perform the same actions as described above.

<Example> The following description will be made based on the illustrated embodiment.

In Fig. 1.2, 1 is a vertical house formed entirely or in a predetermined part from transparent plastic or other light-transmitting material.
A plurality of temperature control devices such as air conditioners and heaters (2) and humidity control units (13) are installed in parallel. In addition, a plurality of sets of air curtain devices 3 consisting of blowers, exhaust fans, etc. are installed at predetermined intervals in the temperature adjustment device 2, and the air jet layer formed by the air curtain device 3 and the temperature adjustment device 2, the inside of the house 1 is divided into a plurality of different temperature chambers 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the different temperature chambers 4 are divided into a 20 degree room, a 25 degree room, and a 30 degree room from the bottom, and in FIG. Each room is divided into three rooms.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a transport device for intermittently transporting a wagon 6 holding plants, bacteria, etc. for cultivation and cultivation, and the transport device 5 is positioned throughout the different temperature chambers 4.
The wagons 6 are disposed in a loop throughout the house 1, and are therefore transported by the transport device 5 to each of the different temperature rooms 4.
It is possible to pass sequentially. , the conveying device 5 in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a chain conveyor system using a pair of chain wheels 7.8 each pivotally supported between both side walls of the house 1, and attachments provided at regular intervals on the roller chain 9. Each of the arms 11 protrudes from the arms 11, and the distal end of a holding arm 12 protruding from the side wall of the wagon 6 is rotatably connected to the distal end of the arm 11, so that the wagon 6 can be attached to both roller chains 9, Holding arm 1 between 9
2, it is rotatably held in the 7-m 11, and is always maintained in the same position while being transferred in a loop. 13 is a humidity controller, and 14 and 15 are air curtains. The blower and exhaust fan in device 3 are shown.

In the above configuration, when the conveyance device 5 is operated by a drive device (not shown), the chain wheels 7 and 8 rotate intermittently clockwise, and the roller chain 9 runs upward on the left side in the figure and downward on the right side in the figure. When the blower 14 and exhaust fan 15 of the two sets of air curtain devices 3 are driven, the air is blown and discharged to create an air fluidized bed as shown by the arrows centered on the upper and lower lines A and A shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure. The inside of house 1 is divided into three rooms: upper, middle, and lower.

Next, each temperature adjustment device 2 is operated to configure the three chambers into different temperature chambers 4 having different predetermined temperatures. In the case of the if diagram, each of the upper, middle and lower different temperature chambers 4 is heated to 30 degrees 0.25 degrees Cl2O
In this combination system, the wagon 6 is 20 degrees C12 on the rising side on the left side of the figure.
The temperature rises intermittently through different temperature chambers 4 in which the temperature increases in the order of 5 degrees Celsius and 0.30 degrees Celsius. Under these temperature conditions, by sowing seeds such as summer vegetables in the lowest wagon 6, the seeds will germinate and grow as the wagon 6 rises, and if the rising speed is set appropriately, the wagon 6 will reach the top. At that point, the summer vegetables can be harvested.

In addition, during the above-mentioned harvesting, the topmost wagon 6 is
Lower it to the lowest position, remove it, and replace it with another cultivation wagon, for example, the cultivation wagon for fall-sown vegetables described below.

On the other hand, on the descending side on the right side of the figure, the wagon 6 is intermittently lowered by the conveyance device 5 through the different temperature chambers 4 whose temperatures are in the order of 30 degrees Celsius, 125 degrees Celsius degrees Celsius, Cl2O degrees Celsius, and in this case, the wagon 6 at the top By sowing seeds such as vegetables, they germinate and grow in the same manner as described above while descending intermittently, and can be harvested when they reach the bottom.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the temperature inside the house 1 is controlled by a temperature adjusting device 2
, 20 degrees C1 at the top, middle and bottom by the air curtain device 3
It is divided into three different temperature chambers 4 of 15 degrees Celsius and 110 degrees Celsius. Similarly to the above, the wagon 6 on the rising side on the left side of the figure has a temperature range of 10 degrees Celsius, 115 degrees Celsius degrees Celsius, Cl2O degrees Celsius, and so on. Intermittent rise. In this temperature situation, seeds of spring vegetables are sown at the bottom, and when they reach the top, they are harvested. Since it passes through different temperature chambers 4 where the temperature is sequentially lowered to 110 degrees Celsius, this system is suitable for winter vegetables, etc., where winter vegetables are sown in the top wagon 6 and harvested at the bottom. ing. Therefore, if a house 2 of the style shown in Fig. 1-2 is attached, it becomes an all-season plant cultivation device.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a sunroom 16 equipped with a temperature control device 2 and a humidity control device (not shown) is attached to the lower side of the house 1, and the sunroom 16 is communicated with the inside of the house 1 through a communication port 17. In addition, an appropriate number of windows 18 are provided on the side wall of the house 1, and the opening and closing can be adjusted by opening and closing 5i119.
On sunny days, the sunroom 16 can be used to increase the photosynthesis of plants through sunlight, and the windows 18 can be used appropriately to supply air at the right temperature and humidity and take in oxygen. It can be performed.

′! Figure J4.5 shows a case where the house structure is horizontal, and a number of temperature regulators 2 and humidity regulators (not shown) similar to those described above are installed at predetermined intervals on the inside bottom of this type of house 20. In addition, several sets of air curtain devices 3, each consisting of a blower 14 and a blower 15, similar to those described above, are installed at predetermined intervals, and the interior of the house 20 is thereby guided by lines B and B shown by two-dot chain lines. It is divided into a plurality of different temperature chambers 21.

A conveyance device 22 such as a trolley conveyor is arranged in a loop shape on the ceiling of the house 20 so as to be located across each of the different temperature rooms 21. Guide rail 2 arranged in
3, and a trolley hanger 24 that moves guided by this.
and a chain 25 that connects each trolley hanger 24, so that the cultivation/culture wagon 26 is suspended from the trolley hanger 24 and travels. The chain 25 is a chain wheel 27 that is rotated by a drive device (not shown).
．． The hook at 28 is an endless type, and 29.30 is a bearing for the rotating shaft of the chain wheels 27 and 28, which is attached to the ceiling of the house 20. In this embodiment, a suspension mechanism is disclosed, but a mechanism in which the floor surface becomes a wagon mounting table divided into areas corresponding to each wagon and moves in a loop shape may be used. In this case, there are also effects such as a simpler structure.

In this type of house 20 as well, the inside of the house 20 can be divided into various temperature chambers 21 using the temperature adjustment device 2, humidity adjustment device, and air curtain device 3, and the inside of the house 20 can be suspended and held by the conveyance device 22. The wagons 26 are divided into two groups that run backwards, one group passing through the different temperature chamber 21 from a low temperature to a high temperature, and the other one passing through a different temperature chamber 21 where a temperature is lower than a high temperature. By various combinations of the above, it is possible to simultaneously cultivate and cultivate a wide variety of crops and different seasons in the greenhouse 20. The inside of the wagon is preferably multi-tiered, and the number of tiers can be adjusted according to the height of the cultivated product.In addition, the air curtain device does not use an exhaust fan, but instead uses two blowers in slightly different positions. They may also be staggered and installed facing each other. Furthermore, the outlet on the intake side can be placed outside or inside the house, and the roof of the house can be blinded to adjust the amount of light, and if the inside of the house is designed as a germ chamber. Not only is it possible to industrially cultivate fungi, etc., but by making the greenhouse a dark room, it can also be applied to the cultivation and fermentation of bacteria that dislike light.

The cultivation/incubation device with the above configuration can be used for short-term cultivation of various flowers, vegetables, fruits, etc., short-term cultivation of bacteria, and harvesting, regardless of the season, by setting the greenhouse temperature, humidity, wagon conveyance speed, volume, quantity, etc. An example of its implementation is shown in the schematic explanatory diagrams in Figures 6-8.

(1) 60-day cultivation method Figure 6 shows the 60-day cultivation method, in which the number of wagons in the vertical greenhouse is 15 on each side, and the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse are set appropriately according to the season. put. In the figure, the left side is a system in which winter seeds are sown and spring harvest is carried out, while the other side is a system in which autumn seeds are sown and winter harvests are carried out, which is 60 days + 15 units - 4 days, or 4 days.
The cultivation is carried out by moving the wagon daily.

(2) 90-day cultivation method In the case shown in Figure 7, it is effective for harvesting seeds and developing new varieties, sowing seeds and harvesting in the summer and then in the fall. The wagon is 9
0 days ÷ 30 units = 3 days, that is, move every 3 days.

(3) In the case of the 120-day cultivation method shown in Figure 8, it is a long-term type that requires 1 to 3 years of cultivation.
Rotate the yearly ones twice. For wagons: 120 days ÷ 30 cars = 4
(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention divides the inside of the house into a plurality of different temperature chambers and allows the wagon to pass through these chambers in sequence. Plants, bacteria, etc. can be moved through optimally set temperature ranges without waste to promote their growth, and the moving speed of the wagon can be changed, making short-term cultivation possible. In addition, the wagons in the greenhouse run in opposite directions due to the conveyor system arranged in a loop, and when one goes from a low temperature to a high temperature range, the other goes in the opposite direction. things and,
Different seasonal crops such as those sown in autumn and harvested in winter can be cultivated at the same time in the same greenhouse.
Temperature zones for spring, summer, and autumn can be set inside the greenhouse, so the wagon can be used to grow plants for three seasons or all seasons just by rotating around the greenhouse, making it possible to grow a wide variety of plants in a small amount of space. It is also suitable for small-scale cultivation of many varieties. Furthermore, cultivation and fermentation of bacteria, etc. can be similarly carried out in a short period of time by applying temperature changes.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view of a cultivation/cultivation device using a vertical greenhouse, and FIG. Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway front view of a cultivation/cultivation device when a sunroom and window are attached to the greenhouse; Fig. 4 is a partially cutaway front view of a cultivation/cultivation device using a horizontal greenhouse. , 5th
The figure is a partially cutaway plan view taken from V-VIII in Figure 4, and Figure 6.
8 are schematic explanatory diagrams showing an example of an implementation method. 1.20...House, 2...Temperature adjustment device, 3...Air curtain device, 4.21...Different temperature room, 22...Transportation device, 6.26...Wagon. Patent application Hitosekijirushi Lorry Co., Ltd. Figure Kasumi Figure

Claims (1)

[Claims] The inside of a greenhouse for cultivating plants, bacteria, etc. is divided into multiple different temperature chambers using a temperature control device and an air curtain device, and a wagon for holding plants, bacteria, etc. can pass through each of the different temperature chambers in sequence. A cultivation/cultivation device for plants, bacteria, etc., comprising a wagon conveyance device arranged in a loop in the house.