JPH0411139A - Dewproof material and its manufacture - Google Patents
Dewproof material and its manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0411139A JPH0411139A JP2113987A JP11398790A JPH0411139A JP H0411139 A JPH0411139 A JP H0411139A JP 2113987 A JP2113987 A JP 2113987A JP 11398790 A JP11398790 A JP 11398790A JP H0411139 A JPH0411139 A JP H0411139A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- moisture
- soluble polymer
- absorbing
- ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical group ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 iron ion Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 11
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QBUKAFSEUHGMMX-MTJSOVHGSA-N (5z)-5-[[3-(1-hydroxyethyl)thiophen-2-yl]methylidene]-10-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-chromeno[3,4-f]quinolin-9-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=2NC(C)(C)C=C(C)C=2C2=C1C=1C(OC)=C(O)C=CC=1O\C2=C/C=1SC=CC=1C(C)O QBUKAFSEUHGMMX-MTJSOVHGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910021555 Chromium Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000057 Mannan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002821 Modacrylic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101100258315 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) crc-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nitrate Inorganic materials [Cd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt chloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GFHNAMRJFCEERV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940050906 magnesium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004690 nonahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloretic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NMHMNPHRMNGLLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004583 superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は壁材等として使用する結露防止材およびその製
造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a dew condensation prevention material used as a wall material, etc., and a method for manufacturing the same.
［従来の技術］
従来、建物などの壁は外気と室内との温度差によって結
露を起こし、その結果として黴がはえて非衛生的で、し
かも、見た目にもよくないものであった。[Prior Art] Conventionally, walls of buildings and the like have been prone to condensation due to the temperature difference between outside air and indoors, and as a result, mold has grown, which has been unhygienic and not only unsightly.
そのため、従来から黴が生じないようにする手立てとし
て、結露しないようにしようとする工夫がなされてきた
。その具体的な手段としては、透湿性ではあるが、水分
は通過できないような膜またはシートを用いて、湿気を
室外へ除去したり、吸水性高分子を用いて、水分を吸収
することなどによって、結露を防止する方法が採られて
いた。Therefore, in order to prevent mold from forming, efforts have been made to prevent condensation. Specific methods include using a membrane or sheet that is permeable but does not allow moisture to pass through to remove moisture outside, or using a water-absorbing polymer to absorb moisture. , methods were taken to prevent condensation.
例えば、特開昭８２−２３１７４０号公報には吸水性高
分子、発泡剤、ポリオレフィン樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂の
混合物を基体上に塗布した後、加熱、発泡することによ
り得られる連続通気孔を有する吸放湿性ビニル壁装材が
開示されている。しかしながら、この方法によって得ら
れる型材は、吸水性高分子が塩化ビニル樹脂に包囲され
ているため、吸水性高分子が吸水することができないか
、あるいは吸水性能査十分に発揮することができない欠
点があった。更には、吸水性高分子は水の状態でしか水
分を吸収しないので、湿度が高い場所では吸水速度と凝
縮速度の関係で、吸水しきれずに結露しやすく、また、
一般的に高吸水性高分子は架橋していることから、−旦
吸水すると、放湿しにくいために、次々と水分が蓄積さ
れるが、無限に水分を蓄積することは不可能であるため
、吸水することによって膨潤した型紙などは、その寸法
安定性も悪くなり、長期に亘って使用することが困難な
ものであった。For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 82-231740 discloses that a mixture of a water-absorbing polymer, a foaming agent, a polyolefin resin, and a vinyl chloride resin is coated on a substrate, then heated and foamed to obtain an absorbent material with continuous ventilation holes. A moisture wicking vinyl wall covering is disclosed. However, the shape material obtained by this method has the drawback that the water-absorbing polymer is not able to absorb water or cannot exhibit sufficient water-absorbing performance because the water-absorbing polymer is surrounded by vinyl chloride resin. there were. Furthermore, since water-absorbing polymers only absorb water in the form of water, in places with high humidity, the relationship between water absorption speed and condensation speed means that water cannot be absorbed completely and condensation tends to occur.
Generally, superabsorbent polymers are cross-linked, so once they absorb water, it is difficult to release moisture, so moisture accumulates one after another, but it is impossible to accumulate moisture indefinitely. Paper patterns that swell due to water absorption have poor dimensional stability, making it difficult to use them for long periods of time.
以上のように、吸水性高分子を用いた結露防止材が提案
されているものの、長期間に亘って、結露防止の効果を
発揮するものはなく、優れた結露防止効果を長期間有す
る結露防止材の登場が待ち望まれていた。As mentioned above, although dew condensation prevention materials using water-absorbing polymers have been proposed, none have long-term dew condensation prevention effects. The appearance of the material was eagerly awaited.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
本発明は結露防止性と形態保持性に優れた結露防止材及
びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a dew condensation prevention material with excellent dew condensation prevention properties and shape retention properties, and a method for manufacturing the same.
［課題を解決するための手段］
本発明は水溶性高分子に金属イオンがコロイド状態で包
含されている高吸放湿性材料と、水ＩＩｌ溶性高分子の
混合物が、基材に付着している結露防止材である。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a method in which a mixture of a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material in which a water-soluble polymer contains metal ions in a colloidal state and a water-soluble polymer is attached to a base material. It is a dew-preventing material.
本発明の水難溶性高分子が塩化ビニル樹脂であればより
好ましい。It is more preferable that the poorly water-soluble polymer of the present invention is a vinyl chloride resin.
なお、上記の結露防止材に透湿膜および／または紙が積
層されていればより好ましい。In addition, it is more preferable if a moisture permeable membrane and/or paper are laminated on the above-mentioned dew condensation prevention material.
本発明の結霧防止材は水溶性高分子と金属塩を水に溶解
させた水溶液に、水ｊｌｌ溶性高分子の水系エマルジョ
ンを混合、撹拌して均一に分散させた後、基材に付着、
乾燥することにより製造するものである。The antifogging material of the present invention is produced by mixing an aqueous emulsion of a water-soluble polymer with an aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymer and a metal salt, stirring the mixture and uniformly dispersing it, and then adhering it to a substrate.
It is manufactured by drying.
［作用］
本発明の結露防止材は基本的に、次のような順序で製造
される。[Function] The anti-condensation material of the present invention is basically manufactured in the following order.
■水溶性高分子と金属塩を水に溶解させる。■Dissolve water-soluble polymers and metal salts in water.
■上記水溶液に水難溶性高分子の水系エマルジョンを混
合、撹拌して均一に分散させる。(2) A water-based emulsion of a poorly water-soluble polymer is mixed with the above aqueous solution and stirred to uniformly disperse it.
■上記混合液を基材に付着させた後、乾燥する。(2) After adhering the above liquid mixture to the base material, dry it.
このようにして製造される本発明の結露防止材は、主と
して水難溶性高分子の凝集力によって高吸放湿性材料が
基材に付着しており、通常であれば水難溶性高分子によ
り吸湿が阻害されていると考えられるにもかかわらず、
吸湿性がほとんど低下せず、しかも形態保持性に優れた
材料である。In the dew condensation prevention material of the present invention produced in this way, the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material is attached to the base material mainly due to the cohesive force of the poorly water-soluble polymer, and normally moisture absorption is inhibited by the poorly water-soluble polymer. Although it is thought that
It is a material with almost no decrease in hygroscopicity and excellent shape retention.
このように、形態保持性に優れているのは主として、水
難溶性高分子の凝集力によるものである。The excellent shape retention is mainly due to the cohesive force of the poorly water-soluble polymer.
また、水難溶性高分子を用いているにもかかわらず、本
発明の材料の吸湿性能が低下しないことについては、次
のように考えられる。すなわち、本発明の材料は高吸放
湿性材料と水難溶性高分子からなるが、この水難溶性高
分子は水系のエマルジョンの水を除去したものであり、
しかも本発明に用いる高吸放湿性材料はコロイド状態に
あるので、この２種類の混合物は均一に分散した後に乾
燥しても、微視的に見れば微孔を有して凝集した状態に
あるので、この微孔を通じて湿気が高吸放湿性材料に吸
収されると考えられる。Furthermore, the reason why the moisture absorption performance of the material of the present invention does not deteriorate despite the use of a poorly water-soluble polymer is considered as follows. That is, the material of the present invention consists of a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and a poorly water-soluble polymer, and this poorly water-soluble polymer is obtained by removing water from an aqueous emulsion.
Moreover, since the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material used in the present invention is in a colloidal state, even if the mixture of these two types is dried after being uniformly dispersed, microscopically it remains in an aggregated state with micropores. Therefore, it is thought that moisture is absorbed into the highly hygroscopic material through these micropores.
なお、従来のように高吸水性高分子と水系の水難溶性高
分子を混合して結露防止材に使用した場合には、水の状
態でなければ吸収しないのに加えて、水の表面張力のた
めに、水が微孔を通りにくく、吸湿性能が著しく低いの
に対して、本発明の高吸放湿性材料は水になる前の水蒸
気の状態で吸湿するので、優れた吸湿力を維持するので
ある。In addition, when a superabsorbent polymer and a water-based poorly water-soluble polymer are mixed and used in a condensation prevention material as in the past, it will not be absorbed unless it is in the water state, and the surface tension of the water will increase. Therefore, it is difficult for water to pass through the micropores, and the moisture absorption performance is extremely low.However, the highly moisture absorption/release material of the present invention absorbs moisture in the form of water vapor before turning into water, so it maintains excellent moisture absorption ability. It is.
このような本発明に用いる高吸放湿性材料とは、水溶性
高分子に金属イオンがコロイド状態で包含されているも
のである。The highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material used in the present invention is one in which metal ions are included in a colloidal state in a water-soluble polymer.
高吸飲湿性材料にあける水溶性高分子とは、天然高分子
、半合成高分子、合成高分子の水溶性のもの全てを含ん
でいる。Water-soluble polymers included in highly hygroscopic materials include all water-soluble natural polymers, semi-synthetic polymers, and synthetic polymers.
コロイド状態とは、高吸放湿性材料を水に溶解させた時
に、金属イオンが水溶性高分子中に分散している状態を
意味する。この状態は高吸放湿性材料を水に溶解させて
行なった吸光度分析から得られる吸収波長と、金属塩を
単に水に溶解させたときの吸光度分析から得られる吸収
波長とがほぼ一致することから確認できる。なお、高吸
放湿性材料を水に溶解させた時は、高吸放湿性材料が過
度の水分で膨潤してゾルのような粘稠液であり、金属塩
を単に水に溶かした状態と全く異なる状態である。A colloidal state means a state in which metal ions are dispersed in a water-soluble polymer when a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material is dissolved in water. This state occurs because the absorption wavelength obtained from absorbance analysis performed by dissolving a highly hygroscopic material in water is almost the same as the absorption wavelength obtained from absorbance analysis when a metal salt is simply dissolved in water. Can be confirmed. When a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material is dissolved in water, it swells with excessive moisture and becomes a viscous liquid like a sol, which is completely different from the state in which a metal salt is simply dissolved in water. They are in different states.
金属イオンと水溶性高分子とがキレートを形成する場合
、つまり、配位結合している場合には、金属塩を単に水
に溶解させて得られる吸収波長とは異なる波長の吸収を
示すはずであるが、本発明の高吸放湿性材料を水に溶解
させた時には、金属塩を単に水に溶解させた場合と同じ
吸収波長を示すので、金属塩が単に水に溶解した状態、
つまり、金属イオンのコロイド状態と同じ状態にあって
、キレートは形成されていないと考えられる。When a metal ion and a water-soluble polymer form a chelate, that is, when they have a coordination bond, they should show absorption at a different wavelength from the absorption wavelength obtained by simply dissolving the metal salt in water. However, when the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material of the present invention is dissolved in water, it exhibits the same absorption wavelength as when the metal salt is simply dissolved in water.
In other words, it is considered to be in the same state as the colloidal state of metal ions, and no chelate is formed.
本発明に用いる高吸放湿性材料は安定であり、乾燥工程
を通しても、乾燥の前後によって変化が生じないので、
吸光度分析は製造工程中の乾燥前に行なってもよいし、
高吸放湿性材料を再度、水に溶解させて行なってもよい
、なお、高吸放湿性材料の水への溶解の程度は吸光度分
析のできる程度であり、使用される金属塩、水溶性高分
子などにより異なる。The highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material used in the present invention is stable and does not change before and after drying even through the drying process.
Absorbance analysis may be performed before drying during the manufacturing process, or
The highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material may be dissolved in water again. The degree of dissolution of the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material in water is such that absorbance analysis can be performed. It varies depending on the molecule, etc.
本発明の高吸放湿性材料は水溶性高分子を使用している
ので、水分が水溶性高分子の極性部分に集まりやすい。Since the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material of the present invention uses a water-soluble polymer, water tends to collect in the polar portion of the water-soluble polymer.
つまり、電子密度が高い部分に水分子の電子密度の低い
水素原子が静電気的に吸すされ易いのである。水分子は
吸引された後、高吸放湿性材料中に分散している金属イ
オンの水和力が静電気力よりも勝るために、集まってき
た水分が金属イオンの方に移動して、金属イオンに強固
に保持されるとともに、この金属イオンも水溶性高分子
の内側の極性部分に、静電気的に保持されている。In other words, hydrogen atoms of water molecules with low electron density are likely to be electrostatically absorbed by parts with high electron density. After the water molecules are attracted, the hydration power of the metal ions dispersed in the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material exceeds the electrostatic force, so the collected water moves toward the metal ions, causing the metal ions to move toward the metal ions. The metal ions are also held electrostatically in the polar portion inside the water-soluble polymer.
逆に、外気の湿度が下がったり、乾燥したりすると、外
気の蒸気圧が下がり、金属イオンの水和力よりも蒸気圧
差による力の方が強く、本発明の高吸放湿性材料は吸湿
した水分を放湿する、つまり、金属イオンに水和されて
いた水分は、吸湿の場合と逆に水溶性高分子の極性部分
に移動し、その後、大気中へ放湿される。Conversely, when the humidity of the outside air decreases or becomes dry, the vapor pressure of the outside air decreases, and the force due to the vapor pressure difference is stronger than the hydration force of metal ions, and the highly hygroscopic material of the present invention absorbs moisture. Moisture is released, that is, the water hydrated by metal ions moves to the polar portion of the water-soluble polymer, contrary to the case of moisture absorption, and is then released into the atmosphere.
なお、本発明に用いる高吸放湿性材料は吸湿が飽和状態
に達すると、その状態で吸放湿を繰り返すのである。こ
れは、飽和状態に達した後の水分子の金属イオンとの相
互作用が弱いために、放湿が容易に生じるのである。In addition, when the highly moisture absorbing and desorbing material used in the present invention reaches a saturated state of moisture absorption, it repeats moisture absorption and desorption in that state. This is because the interaction of water molecules with metal ions after reaching a saturated state is weak, and moisture desorption occurs easily.
つまり、本発明の高吸放湿材料は余分な水分を吸湿し、
吸湿が飽和状態に達した時には吸放湿を繰り返して、呼
吸しているような平衡状態となるのである。このように
、平衡状態では吸湿するばかりではなく放湿するので、
一定の湿度に保つことも可能となるのである。なお、こ
の一定に保たれる湿度は高吸放湿材の種類、つまり、高
吸放湿材を構成する水溶性高分子の種類、金属イオンの
種類、金属イオンの混合量、基材への含浸量などを変え
ることによって、調節することができる。In other words, the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material of the present invention absorbs excess moisture,
When moisture absorption reaches a saturated state, the body repeats moisture absorption and release, reaching an equilibrium state similar to breathing. In this way, in an equilibrium state, it not only absorbs moisture but also releases moisture,
This also makes it possible to maintain a constant humidity level. The humidity that can be kept constant depends on the type of highly moisture absorbing and desorbing material, that is, the type of water-soluble polymer that makes up the highly moisture absorbing and desorbing material, the type of metal ion, the amount of metal ion mixed, and the amount of metal ion added to the base material. It can be adjusted by changing the amount of impregnation.
以下、金属イオン、水溶性高分子について具体的に説明
する。Hereinafter, metal ions and water-soluble polymers will be specifically explained.
高吸放湿性材料に用いる金属イオンとしては、リチウム
イオン、カルシウムイオン、鉄イオン、アルミニウムイ
オン、マグネシウムイオン、クロムイオン、コバルトイ
オン、カドミウムイオン、亜鉛イオン、ニッケルイオン
などがある。Examples of metal ions used in the highly moisture absorbing and desorbing material include lithium ions, calcium ions, iron ions, aluminum ions, magnesium ions, chromium ions, cobalt ions, cadmium ions, zinc ions, and nickel ions.
これら金属イオンを与える金属塩としては、例えば、塩
化カルシウム［ＣａＣ１＊］ 、塩化鉄（■）６水塩［
ＦｅＣ１ａ（６ＨｍＯ）］ 、硝酸アルミニウム（■）
９水塩［Ａｌ（Ｎｏ、）３（９１１０）］ 、塩化マグ
ネシウム６水塩［１１ｇＣ１１（６ＬＯ）］ 、塩化亜
鉛［２ｎＣ１−１、塩化クロム（ｍ）６水塩［ＣｒＣ１
３（６Ｈ−０）］ 、塩化コバルト（ＩＩ）６水塩［Ｃ
ｏＣ１茸（６８ｍＯ）］ 、硝酸カドミウム（Ｉｌ）４
水塩［Ｃｄ（Ｎｏコ）＊（４■ｔｏ）］、そして塩化ニ
ッケル（Ｉｌ）６水塩［ＮｉＣ１ｍ（ｆｌＥｌ＊Ｏ）］
などが１種類以上用いるのが好ましい。しかし、上記金
属塩に限定されるものではなく、上記金属塩以外の塩化
物、硫酸塩、酢酸塩、硝酸塩、そして、その他の塩であ
っても上記金属イオンよりなる塩である限り用いること
が出来る。上記金属塩の中でも潮解性を有している塩化
カルシウムが特に優れた高吸放湿性を示す。Examples of metal salts that provide these metal ions include calcium chloride [CaC1*], iron chloride (■) hexahydrate [
FeC1a (6HmO)], aluminum nitrate (■)
nonahydrate [Al(No,)3(9110)], magnesium chloride hexahydrate [11gC11(6LO)], zinc chloride [2nC1-1, chromium chloride (m) hexahydrate [CrC1
3(6H-0)], cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate [C
oC1 mushroom (68mO)], cadmium nitrate (Il)4
water salt [Cd(Noco)*(4■to)], and nickel chloride (Il) hexahydrate [NiC1m(flEl*O)]
It is preferable to use one or more of the following. However, it is not limited to the above-mentioned metal salts, and chlorides, sulfates, acetates, nitrates, and other salts other than the above-mentioned metal salts can also be used as long as they are salts made of the above-mentioned metal ions. I can do it. Among the metal salts mentioned above, calcium chloride, which has deliquescent properties, exhibits particularly excellent moisture absorption and desorption properties.
なお、水溶性高分子に対する金属塩の混合割合が高くな
るにつれて、より高い吸放湿性が得られると考えられる
が、ポリビニルアルコール水溶液に対する金属塩の溶解
度が低下するために、金属イオンが高分散できず、金属
イオン同士が接触して、金属イオンの吸湿作用も低下し
て、逆に、初期の段階で吸湿性が悪くなるという結果を
もたらすことがある。It should be noted that as the mixing ratio of the metal salt to the water-soluble polymer increases, it is thought that higher moisture absorption and desorption properties can be obtained, but because the solubility of the metal salt in the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution decreases, the metal ions cannot be highly dispersed. First, the metal ions come into contact with each other, and the hygroscopicity of the metal ions also decreases, which may conversely result in poor hygroscopicity at an early stage.
一方、金属塩の混合割合が低いと、金属イオンの量その
ものが少ないために、吸湿能力が劣ることになる。On the other hand, when the mixing ratio of the metal salt is low, the amount of metal ions itself is small, resulting in poor moisture absorption ability.
そのため、適当な金属塩の混合する割合が金属塩の種翔
によって、それぞれ存在する。例えば、金属塩として塩
化カルシウム［ＣａＣ１−１を用い、水溶性高分子とし
てポリビニルアルコールを用いた場合、水にポリビニル
アルコールを棺解させ、１０％水嬢液とした場合、塩化
カルシウムの混合割合は、ポリビニルアルコールの水酸
基に対して、２０モル％以上が必要で、好ましくは、４
０モル％以上混合するのがより好ましい、なあ、塩化カ
ルシウムの混合割合が、１００モル％を越えても、吸湿
率はほとんど変化しないことから、１００モル％以上混
合する必要はなく、塩化カルシウムを４０モル％〜１０
０モル％混合するのが好ましい。Therefore, an appropriate mixing ratio of metal salts exists depending on the type of metal salts. For example, when calcium chloride [CaC1-1] is used as the metal salt and polyvinyl alcohol is used as the water-soluble polymer, when polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water to make a 10% water solution, the mixing ratio of calcium chloride is , based on the hydroxyl group of polyvinyl alcohol, 20 mol% or more is required, preferably 4
It is more preferable to mix 0 mol% or more. Even if the mixing ratio of calcium chloride exceeds 100 mol%, the moisture absorption rate hardly changes, so there is no need to mix 100 mol% or more. 40 mol% ~ 10
It is preferable to mix 0 mol%.
また、金属塩は１［ｉであってもよいが、２種類以上混
合してもよいことはもちろんである。Moreover, the metal salt may be 1 [i, but it goes without saying that two or more types may be mixed.
本発明では水溶性高分子を使用しているので、溶媒とし
て水を使用するので、製造工程中の乾燥工程において、
毒性、爆発性などの危険が少なく、取り扱い易いという
利点も有する。Since the present invention uses a water-soluble polymer, water is used as a solvent, so in the drying process during the manufacturing process,
It also has the advantage of being less dangerous, such as toxicity and explosiveness, and being easy to handle.
本発明に使用できる水溶性高分子としては、前述の通り
、天然高分子、半合成高分子、合成高分子などがある。As mentioned above, water-soluble polymers that can be used in the present invention include natural polymers, semi-synthetic polymers, synthetic polymers, and the like.
例えば、天然高分子としてはデンプン質、マンナン、海
藻類、植物粘質物、微生物による粘質物、タンパク質な
どがある。半合成高分子の例としては、セルロース系、
でんぷん系がある０合成高分子としてはポリビニルアル
コール、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム、ポリエチレンオキ
シド、ポリビニルとロリドンなどがある。For example, natural polymers include starch, mannan, seaweed, plant mucilage, microbial mucilage, and protein. Examples of semi-synthetic polymers include cellulose,
Examples of starch-based synthetic polymers include polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl, and lolidone.
この中でもポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリド
ンは金属塩、水難溶性高分子との相溶性がよいので、好
ましく用いられる。Among these, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone are preferably used because they have good compatibility with metal salts and poorly water-soluble polymers.
なお、ポリビニルアルコールを使用する場合、完全けん
化したポリビニルアルコールを用いると、高吸放湿性材
料を製造する際に金属塩の溶解性が優れているので好ま
しく、部分けん化したポリビニルアルコールを用いると
、高吸放湿性材料の吸湿性が優れているので、適宜ポリ
ビニルアルコールの種類を選択するのがよい。When using polyvinyl alcohol, it is preferable to use completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol because it has excellent solubility of metal salts when producing a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material. Since the hygroscopic material has excellent hygroscopicity, it is preferable to select the type of polyvinyl alcohol as appropriate.
上述の水溶性高分子、金属塩を成分とする本発明に用い
る高吸放湿性材料の製造方法の一例を示すと次の通りで
ある。An example of a method for producing a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material used in the present invention, which contains the above-mentioned water-soluble polymer and metal salt as components, is as follows.
■使用する水溶性高分子および金属塩を選定する。■Select the water-soluble polymer and metal salt to be used.
■水溶性高分子を水に溶解させて、１０％水溶液をつく
る。■Dissolve the water-soluble polymer in water to create a 10% aqueous solution.
■この水笛液に金属塩を混合して、室温下で２〜３時間
撹拌して粘稠液を得る。(2) Mix metal salts with this water whistle liquid and stir at room temperature for 2 to 3 hours to obtain a viscous liquid.
このようにして得られた高吸放湿性材料に、水難溶性高
分子の水系エマルジョンを混合する。この水難溶性高分
子は基材との接着力を強固にするために用いられる。従
来のように高吸放湿性材料のみを基材に付着させたので
は、水溶性高分子の接着力のみによるものであったため
、湿度が高い条件下では高吸放湿性材料が膨潤して、形
態安定性が悪いものであったが、本発明のように水ｊｌ
溶性高分子エマルジョンと高吸放湿性材料水溶液を混合
、撹拌した後、付着、乾燥して得られる材料は、高吸放
湿性材料および基材が水難溶性高分子によって包囲され
ているので、高湿度下においてもＭｔＭ防止材の形態変
化は生じないのである。An aqueous emulsion of a poorly water-soluble polymer is mixed into the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material thus obtained. This poorly water-soluble polymer is used to strengthen the adhesive force with the base material. If only a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material was attached to a base material as in the past, it was only due to the adhesive force of the water-soluble polymer, so under conditions of high humidity, the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material swells. Although the morphological stability was poor, water jl as in the present invention
The material obtained by mixing, stirring, adhering and drying a soluble polymer emulsion and an aqueous solution of a highly moisture-absorbing and highly moisture-absorbing material has high moisture absorption and desorption properties because the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and the base material are surrounded by poorly water-soluble polymers. There is no change in the form of the MtM preventive material even at the bottom.
なお、この場合に前述のように、このようにして得られ
る結露防止材の表面には、微孔が多数存在しているので
、その微孔を通して湿気が吸収されると推定され、高吸
放湿性材料自体の吸湿性が妨げられることは全くないの
である。更には、本発明の結露防止材は湿気を好まない
水難溶性高分子で包囲されているので、湿気はすぐに高
吸放湿性材料のほうに移動して、より効率的に高吸放湿
性材料が吸湿できる。In this case, as mentioned above, there are many micropores on the surface of the dew condensation prevention material obtained in this way, so it is assumed that moisture is absorbed through the micropores, and it has a high absorption and release property. The hygroscopic properties of the wet material itself are not hindered in any way. Furthermore, since the dew condensation prevention material of the present invention is surrounded by poorly water-soluble polymers that do not like moisture, moisture immediately moves toward the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material, and the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material is more efficiently absorbed. can absorb moisture.
本発明においては、高吸放湿性材料の粘稠液に水難溶性
高分子のエマルジョンを混合して、均一に分散させなけ
れば、吸湿性にむらのある結露防止材しか得られないの
で、高吸放湿性材料の溶媒として水を用いていることか
ら、水系のエマルジョンを用いることが必須の要件とな
る。In the present invention, unless the emulsion of a poorly water-soluble polymer is mixed with the viscous liquid of the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and dispersed uniformly, a condensation prevention material with uneven hygroscopicity can only be obtained. Since water is used as a solvent for the moisture releasing material, it is essential to use an aqueous emulsion.
このような水難溶性高分子としては、フェノール樹脂、
エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ビニル樹脂、ユリア及び
メラミン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、スチレン樹脂、珪素
樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ウレタン樹
脂などを用いることができる。しかしながら、これらの
水難溶性高分子に限定されるものではなく、これら水難
溶性高分子がエマルジョンとして安定に存在すればよい
のである。これらの中でもビニル樹脂を用いることが好
ましく、このビニル樹脂の中でも凝集力の強い塩化ビニ
ル樹脂を用いるのが最も好ましい。Examples of such poorly water-soluble polymers include phenolic resin,
Epoxy resins, acrylic resins, vinyl resins, urea and melamine resins, polyester resins, styrene resins, silicone resins, polyethylene resins, polyamide resins, urethane resins, etc. can be used. However, the present invention is not limited to these poorly water-soluble polymers, as long as these poorly water-soluble polymers exist stably as an emulsion. Among these, it is preferable to use vinyl resin, and among these vinyl resins, it is most preferable to use vinyl chloride resin, which has a strong cohesive force.
水系エマルジョンの積度は特に限定されるものではない
が、乾燥した後の重量比として、高吸放湿性材料を１と
した場合に、水難溶性高分子の割合が１〜１０になるよ
うな濃度にするのがよい。これは水難溶性高分子の割合
が１より少ないと、水難溶性高分子を用いているにもか
かわらず、強度のない、形態安定性のない材料となって
しまうためであり、一方、水難溶性高分子の割合が１０
より多くなると、高吸放湿性材料と水難溶性高分子エマ
ルジョンとの均一分散自体ができなくなるためである。The density of the aqueous emulsion is not particularly limited, but the concentration after drying is such that the ratio of the poorly water-soluble polymer is 1 to 10 when the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material is 1. It is better to This is because if the proportion of poorly water-soluble polymers is less than 1, the material will lack strength and shape stability even though poorly water-soluble polymers are used; The ratio of molecules is 10
This is because if the amount increases, it becomes impossible to uniformly disperse the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and the poorly water-soluble polymer emulsion.
この範囲の中でも特に、高吸放湿性材料１に対して水難
溶性高分子が２〜６の割合であることが好ましい。Within this range, it is particularly preferable that the ratio of the poorly water-soluble polymer to 1 part of the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material is 2 to 6 parts.
得られた高吸放湿性材料と水難溶性高分子の混合物は、
基材に付着させられて本発明の結露防止材となる。The resulting mixture of highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and poorly water-soluble polymer is
The dew condensation prevention material of the present invention is made to adhere to a base material.
本発明の基材としては多孔性繊維基材、透湿膜のような
フィルム状物などを用いることができる。As the base material of the present invention, a porous fiber base material, a film-like material such as a moisture permeable membrane, etc. can be used.
この中でも基材として多孔性繊維基材を用いれば、繊維
同士の交点で水難溶性高分子が凝集固定しやすいので、
好ましい基材である。Among these, if a porous fiber base material is used as the base material, the poorly water-soluble polymer will easily aggregate and fix at the intersections of the fibers.
It is a preferred base material.
本発明に用いることのできる多孔性繊維基材としては、
例えば、織物、編物、不織布などを用いることが出来る
が、これらの中でも、不織布は取扱い、加工性などの点
から最も好ましいものである。この不織布などに用いる
繊維としては、一般的な合成重り例えばポリエステル繊
維、ナイロン帽しポリオレフィン繊維、アクリル繊維な
どを用いることも可能で、特に限定されるものではない
が、建築材料として用いられることから、難燃性のある
無機系繊維、有機系のモダアクリル繊維、ボリクラール
繊維、難燃性ポリエステル繊維などを用いることがより
好ましく、難燃性の接着剤や、難燃剤の混入も可能であ
る。Porous fiber base materials that can be used in the present invention include:
For example, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, etc. can be used, but among these, non-woven fabrics are most preferred from the viewpoint of handling, processability, etc. As the fibers used for this non-woven fabric, it is also possible to use general synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, nylon capped polyolefin fibers, acrylic fibers, etc. Although there are no particular limitations, since they are used as building materials, It is more preferable to use flame-retardant inorganic fibers, organic modacrylic fibers, voriclar fibers, flame-retardant polyester fibers, etc., and it is also possible to mix flame-retardant adhesives and flame retardants.
また、このような不織布は、湿式法でも乾式法でも、ど
のような方法で製造されてもよい。Moreover, such a nonwoven fabric may be manufactured by any method, including a wet method or a dry method.
本発明における多孔性繊維基材は高吸放湿性材料および
水難溶性高分子を保持すると共に、空気との接触面積を
広くすることによって、吸湿量、吸湿速度を速くするこ
ともできる。The porous fiber base material in the present invention retains a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and a poorly water-soluble polymer, and also increases the amount and rate of moisture absorption by widening the contact area with air.
なお、本発明の多孔性繊維基材には、難燃性を付与した
り、抗菌剤を添加したりするのが好ましい。Note that it is preferable to impart flame retardancy or add an antibacterial agent to the porous fiber base material of the present invention.
本発明の高吸放湿性材料と水難溶性高分子の混合物は、
前述の多孔性繊維基材に含浸、塗布、スプレーなどの後
、乾燥することによって、多孔性繊維基材の一部または
全部に付着する。The mixture of the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and the poorly water-soluble polymer of the present invention is
By impregnating, coating, spraying, etc. on the porous fiber base material described above and then drying, it adheres to part or all of the porous fiber base material.
この付着状態は高吸放湿性材料および水難溶性高分子が
多孔性繊維基材の個々の繊維同士の交点、または繊維の
交点および繊維表面にも付着していても良いのである。In this adhering state, the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and the poorly water-soluble polymer may also adhere to the intersections between individual fibers of the porous fiber base material, or to the intersections of the fibers and the fiber surface.
あるいは、高吸放湿性材料および水難溶性高分子が多孔
性繊維基材の一方の表面部分のみに満たされていても良
いし、部分的に付着していても良いし、多孔性繊維基材
空隙全体に亘って付着していても良い。Alternatively, the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and the poorly water-soluble polymer may be filled only in one surface part of the porous fiber base material, or may be partially attached to the porous fiber base material, or the porous fiber base material voids. It may be attached throughout.
本発明の目的である結露を防止するためには、高吸放湿
性材料および水難溶性高分子が結露防止材の少なくとも
５重量％を占めることが必要であり、結露防止材の形態
保持性の点から９０重量％以下が好ましく、１５重量％
〜７０重量％含まれていれば、更に好ましい。In order to prevent dew condensation, which is the objective of the present invention, it is necessary that the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and the poorly water-soluble polymer account for at least 5% by weight of the dew condensation preventive material. to 90% by weight or less, preferably 15% by weight
It is more preferable if the content is 70% by weight.
製造方法として、高吸放湿材料と水難溶性高分子との混
合溶液を多孔性繊維基材に含浸して、マングル等によっ
て搾り、一般的な方法で乾燥すれば均一に高吸放湿性材
料８よび水難溶性高分子の存在する壁材が得られ、吸放
湿に片寄りがなく、外観上もきれいな壁材となるので好
ましい。As a manufacturing method, a porous fiber base material is impregnated with a mixed solution of a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material and a poorly water-soluble polymer, squeezed using a mangle, etc., and dried by a common method to uniformly produce a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material 8. This is preferable because it provides a wall material in which a poorly water-soluble polymer is present, and there is no imbalance in moisture absorption and release, resulting in a wall material that has a beautiful appearance.
このようにして得られる結露防止材はそのままこともで
きる。The dew condensation prevention material obtained in this way can also be used as is.
用いてもよいが、この結露防止材の一方に透湿膜および
／またはレーヨン紙などの紙を積層することによって、
より実用的な結露防止材となる。つまり、最も好ましい
積層順序は部屋の中から壁に向って、過湿膜、結露防止
材、紙という積層順序である。However, by laminating a moisture permeable membrane and/or paper such as rayon paper on one side of this dew condensation prevention material,
It becomes a more practical anti-condensation material. In other words, the most preferable stacking order is the stacking order from inside the room toward the wall: the superhumidity membrane, the anti-condensation material, and the paper.
上記のように、透湿膜を積層するのは実際に使用してい
るときに、より一層すラッとした感じがでるようにする
ためであり、レーヨン紙などの紙を用いるのは壁との接
着性をよくするためである。As mentioned above, the purpose of laminating moisture-permeable membranes is to give a smoother feeling when actually in use, and the reason for using paper such as rayon paper is to make it look even smoother when actually in use. This is to improve adhesion.
本発明の結露防止材は水難溶性高分子を使用しているに
もかかわらず、高吸放湿性の吸湿力が低下しないのに加
えて、主として、水難溶性高分子の凝集力によって寸法
安定性、強度が向上し、強固に基材に付着しているので
、使用中に吸湿して水分を含んでも、重力に負けて、高
吸放湿性材料が下方に移動するということも生じない。Although the dew condensation prevention material of the present invention uses a poorly water-soluble polymer, its high moisture absorption and desorption properties do not decrease, and the dimensional stability and stability are mainly due to the cohesive force of the poorly water-soluble polymer. Since the material has improved strength and is firmly attached to the base material, even if it absorbs moisture during use, it will not move downward due to gravity.
更には、多孔性繊維基材はその構成繊維の配合や交絡状
態などによって、様々な模様を生み出す［実施例］
（実施例１）
金属塩として塩化カルシウム、水溶性高分子としてポリ
ビニルアルコールを用いた。Furthermore, the porous fiber base material produces various patterns depending on the composition of its constituent fibers and the state of entanglement [Example] (Example 1) Calcium chloride was used as the metal salt and polyvinyl alcohol was used as the water-soluble polymer. .
まず、けん化度９７．０〜９８．５％のポリビニルアル
コールを水に溶解させて、１０重量％の水溶液とした・
このポリビニルアルコールの水酸基に対して、塩化カル
シウムを１００モル％混合し、３時間撹拌してゾル状の
高吸放湿性材料を得た。First, polyvinyl alcohol with a saponification degree of 97.0 to 98.5% was dissolved in water to make a 10% by weight aqueous solution.
Calcium chloride was mixed in an amount of 100 mol % with respect to the hydroxyl groups of the polyvinyl alcohol, and the mixture was stirred for 3 hours to obtain a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material in the form of a sol.
水難溶性高分子エマルジョンとして、濃度４２重量％の
水系塩化ビニル樹脂エマルジョンを用いた。An aqueous vinyl chloride resin emulsion having a concentration of 42% by weight was used as the poorly water-soluble polymer emulsion.
この塩化ビニル樹脂の乾燥重量と高吸放湿性材料の乾燥
重量とが等重量になるように混合した後、３時間撹拌す
ることにより、均一に分散したゾル状物を得た。The dry weight of the vinyl chloride resin and the dry weight of the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material were mixed so that they were equal in weight, and then stirred for 3 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed sol.
上記のゾル状混合物を、湿式法によって得られた、目付
５０ｇ／ｍ”のガラス不織布に、高吸放湿性材料の乾燥
重量が１８ｇ／ｍ”となるように含浸し、乾燥して結露
防止材を得た。The above sol-like mixture is impregnated into a glass nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 50 g/m" obtained by a wet method so that the dry weight of the highly moisture absorbing and releasing material becomes 18 g/m", and then dried to form a dew condensation prevention material. I got it.
（実施例２）
実施例１で得られた結露防止材の片面に、レーヨン繊維
６０％バルブ繊維４０％からなる目付２５ｇ／ｌ’の紙
を積層し、他面に、ナイロンタフタとテフロン膜からな
るミクロテックス■（日東電気工業■製）を透湿膜とし
て積層して結露防止材とした。(Example 2) On one side of the anti-condensation material obtained in Example 1, paper with a basis weight of 25 g/l' consisting of 60% rayon fiber and 40% bulb fiber was laminated, and on the other side, paper made of nylon taffeta and Teflon membrane was laminated. Microtex ■ (manufactured by Nitto Electric Industries ■) was laminated as a moisture permeable membrane to form a dew condensation prevention material.
（比較例）
塩化カルシウムとポリビニルアルコールのみを混合、撹
拌して得られるゾル状物、つまり、水難溶性高分子を混
合しない、高吸放湿性材料のみのゾル状物の乾燥重量が
１８ｇ／ｍ″となるように、湿式法によって得られた目
付５０ｇ／ｍ”のガラス不織布に含浸し、乾燥して結露
防止材とした。(Comparative example) A sol obtained by mixing and stirring only calcium chloride and polyvinyl alcohol, that is, a sol containing only a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material without mixing a poorly water-soluble polymer, has a dry weight of 18 g/m'' A glass nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 50 g/m" obtained by a wet method was impregnated with the above solution, and dried to obtain a dew condensation prevention material.
実施例１．２、および比較例の結露防止材を湿度６５％
の恒温室に放置し、１．２．３．５．２４時間後の１ｍ
！あたりの吸湿量を測定した。The dew condensation prevention materials of Example 1.2 and Comparative Example were heated to 65% humidity.
1.2.3.5.1m after 24 hours.
! The amount of moisture absorbed per area was measured.
結果は表１のようになった。The results are shown in Table 1.
これらの結果かられかるように、本発明の結露防止材は
水難溶性高分子として塩化ビニル樹脂を用いているにも
かかわらず、はとんど吸湿性能が低下しないことがわか
る。また、本発明の結露防止材の基材に紙および透湿膜
を積層しても吸湿性能がほとんど低下しないこともわか
る。As can be seen from these results, the moisture absorption performance of the dew condensation preventing material of the present invention hardly deteriorates even though vinyl chloride resin is used as the poorly water-soluble polymer. It can also be seen that even when paper and a moisture permeable membrane are laminated on the base material of the dew condensation prevention material of the present invention, the moisture absorption performance hardly decreases.
表１ 塩化ビニルを添加することによる吸湿量の経時変
化（ｇ／ｍ” ）
（実施例３）
実施例１と同じようにして得られた高吸放湿性材料に対
して、水難溶性高分子として、濃度４２重量％の水系塩
化ビニル樹脂を混合した。この混合割合は、この塩化ビ
ニル樹脂の乾燥重量が、上記のようにして得られた高吸
放湿性材料の乾ａ重量に対して、４対１になるようにし
た。この混合液を３時間撹拌することにより、均一に分
散したゾル状物を得た。Table 1 Time-dependent change in moisture absorption amount (g/m'') due to addition of vinyl chloride (Example 3) For a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, as a poorly water-soluble polymer, , an aqueous vinyl chloride resin having a concentration of 42% by weight was mixed.This mixing ratio was such that the dry weight of this vinyl chloride resin was 4% relative to the dry weight of the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material obtained as described above. The mixture was stirred for 3 hours to obtain a uniformly dispersed sol.
この混合液を、湿式法によって得られた、目付５０ｇ／
ｍ”のガラス不織布に、高吸放湿性材料の含有量が１８
ｇ／ｍ”となるように含浸し、乾燥して結露防止材を得
た。This mixed liquid was obtained by a wet method, with a basis weight of 50 g/
m” glass non-woven fabric with a content of highly moisture absorbing and desorbing material of 18
g/m'' and dried to obtain a dew condensation prevention material.
（実施例４）
実施例３において、混合割合を塩化ビニル樹脂の乾燥重
量が、高吸放湿性材料の乾燥重量に対して、２対１にな
るようにした点を除いて、実施例３と同様にして結露防
止材を得た。(Example 4) Same as Example 3 except that in Example 3, the dry weight of the vinyl chloride resin was set to 2:1 with respect to the dry weight of the highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material. An anti-condensation material was obtained in the same manner.
実施例１．３．４の結露防止材を湿度６５％および８０
％の恒温室に放置し、１．２．３．５．２４時間後の１
「あたりの吸湿量を測定した。The anti-condensation material of Example 1.3.4 was used at humidity of 65% and 80%.
1.2.3.5.1 after 24 hours.
``We measured the amount of moisture absorbed.
結果は表２のようになった。The results are shown in Table 2.
表２かられかるように、本発明の結霧防止材は塩化ビニ
ルの混合量が変化しても吸湿性能に影響をほとんど与え
ないことがわかる。As can be seen from Table 2, it can be seen that the antifogging material of the present invention has almost no effect on the moisture absorption performance even if the mixing amount of vinyl chloride changes.
また、湿度に応じて吸湿量が敏感に変化することもわか
る。It can also be seen that the amount of moisture absorbed changes sensitively depending on the humidity.
表２ 塩化ビニル混合量変化による
吸湿量の経時変化（ｇ／閣２）
［発明の効果］
本発明の結露防止材は水難溶性高分子を使用しているに
もかかわらず、高吸放湿性の吸湿力がほとんど低下しな
い。Table 2 Changes in moisture absorption amount over time due to changes in the amount of vinyl chloride mixed (g/kaku2) [Effects of the invention] Despite the fact that the dew condensation prevention material of the present invention uses a poorly water-soluble polymer, it has high moisture absorption and desorption properties. Hygroscopicity hardly decreases.
また、本発明の結露防止材は主として、水難溶性高分子
の凝集力によって強固に基材に接着しているので、吸湿
した際の寸法安定性、強度が向上する。Further, since the dew condensation prevention material of the present invention is firmly adhered to the base material mainly due to the cohesive force of the poorly water-soluble polymer, the dimensional stability and strength when moisture is absorbed are improved.
なお、多孔性繊維基材を基材として用いた場合には、そ
の構成繊維の交絡状態などによって、様々な模様を生み
出すこともでき、意匠的にも優れているものである。In addition, when a porous fiber base material is used as a base material, various patterns can be created depending on the intertwining state of its constituent fibers, and it is also excellent in terms of design.
Claims (4)
されている高吸放湿性材料と、水難溶性高分子の混合物
が、基材に付着していることを特徴とする結露防止材。(1) A dew condensation prevention material characterized in that a mixture of a highly moisture-absorbing and desorbing material in which a water-soluble polymer contains metal ions in a colloidal state and a poorly water-soluble polymer is attached to a base material.
徴とする請求項第１項記載の結露防止材。(2) The dew condensation prevention material according to claim 1, wherein the poorly water-soluble polymer is a vinyl chloride resin.
は紙が積層されていることを特徴とする結露防止材。(3) A dew condensation prevention material, characterized in that the dew condensation prevention material according to claim 1 is laminated with a moisture permeable membrane and/or paper.
、水難溶性高分子の水系エマルジョンを混合、撹拌して
均一に分散させた後、基材に付着、乾燥することを特徴
とする結露防止材の製造方法。(4) A water-based emulsion of a poorly water-soluble polymer is mixed into an aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymer and a metal salt dissolved in water, stirred and uniformly dispersed, and then adhered to a substrate and dried. A method of manufacturing a dew condensation prevention material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2113987A JP2805524B2 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Dew condensation preventing material and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2113987A JP2805524B2 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Dew condensation preventing material and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0411139A true JPH0411139A (en) | 1992-01-16 |
| JP2805524B2 JP2805524B2 (en) | 1998-09-30 |
Family
ID=14626222
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2113987A Expired - Fee Related JP2805524B2 (en) | 1990-04-27 | 1990-04-27 | Dew condensation preventing material and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2805524B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004060061A (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-02-26 | Yoshio Imai | Air-permeable wallpaper and method for producing the same |
-
1990
- 1990-04-27 JP JP2113987A patent/JP2805524B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004060061A (en) * | 2002-07-25 | 2004-02-26 | Yoshio Imai | Air-permeable wallpaper and method for producing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2805524B2 (en) | 1998-09-30 |
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