JPH0220287B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Technical field to which the invention pertains) The present invention relates to a sheet material that has an excellent deodorizing effect and quickly swells upon water absorption to form a dense waterproof layer. (Prior art) In the past, in the construction of houses, offices, etc., special construction work was carried out to prevent water leakage on each floor or attic.
For example, construction work is underway to lay synthetic resin sheets and asphalt waterproof layers. On the other hand, air purifiers and deodorizers ranging in size from large to small and having various deodorizing functions have been developed for the purpose of purifying the air in residences, offices, and the like. (Problems to be solved by the invention) However, the above conventional building waterproofing method
It takes time and money. In addition, although waterproof materials themselves have perfect waterproof functions, they lack or have very low moisture permeability and water absorption, so in Japan, where the temperature and humidity are high, condensation can occur on the surface of waterproof materials, and mold can even grow and grow. However, there was a problem that the results were not satisfactory. Furthermore, it has been difficult to add a deodorizing function to such waterproof materials. In addition, purification devices with various deodorizing functions such as those mentioned above are used for the purpose of purifying the living and working environment, but the devices are expensive and have high operating costs, so it has not been possible to use them easily in each home. The current situation is that this has not been achieved. For this reason, deodorizers and deodorizers are placed locally in areas with particularly strong odors (toilet, inside the refrigerator), but this is far from completely deodorizing and purifying the entire residence or office. . (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention was developed as a result of intensive research to overcome the drawbacks of conventional waterproofing and deodorization (air purification) for homes and offices. - When a layer of a granular highly water-absorbing, gelling substance containing a composition consisting of ascorbic acid is fixed with an adhesive between the laminated layers of water-permeable materials, it is surprisingly possible to fix the highly water-absorbing, gelling substance. A flexible waterproof sheet with not only stability but also excellent moisture permeability and water absorption, and even better ability to form a waterproof band can be obtained.
Moreover, they discovered that this sheet exhibits an excellent deodorizing effect, and based on this knowledge, they completed the present invention. That is, in the present invention, between the sheets of water-permeable material,
Waterproofing characterized by adhesively fixing granules of a highly water-absorbing and gelling substance containing a composition in which an iron () compound is bound to L-ascorbic acid;
The present invention provides a deodorizing sheet material. (Example) Next, the present invention will be described according to an illustrated example. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the sheet material of the present invention,
In the figure, 1 is a sheet of water permeable material such as non-woven fabric, 2
3 is a water-resistant adhesive on its surface, 3 is a granular highly water-absorbing and gelling material containing a composition combining an iron () compound and L-ascorbic acid, and 4 is a regular adhesive such as a nonwoven fabric. It is a water-resistant adhesive on the sheet 5 of water-based material, and 6 is a waterproof material. In the present invention, the water-permeable material sheet may of course be made of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or woven fabrics or paper made from a mixture of these in addition to the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric, and a synthetic resin sheet having a large number of small holes may also be used. can. Further, as highly water-absorbing and gelling substances, for example, bentonites are suitable, but the point is that any inorganic or organic substance can be used as long as it is a harmless substance that absorbs water and swells to form a waterproof layer. Inorganic substances with high water absorption and gelation properties include montmorillonite bentonite, attapulgite, sepiolite, and other naturally occurring and synthetic inorganic substances.As organic substances, water-soluble polyacrylic acid Examples include polymeric substances such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate, copolymers thereof, and CMC. Furthermore, the montmorillonite bentonite is preferably one in which a sodium compound and a magnesium compound are mixed to increase its swelling property. These may be used alone or as a mixture, and of course the above-mentioned inorganic substances and organic substances may be used in combination. The inorganic substance has a relatively high specific gravity;
Since organic substances have a relatively low specific gravity, the weight of the sheet material can be adjusted by mixing them.
Note that the swelling ratio of inorganic substances is about 3 to 5 times, but since the swelling ratio of organic substances is relatively large (for example, 10 to 50 times), the thickness of the waterproof layer can be adjusted by mixing organic and inorganic substances. It can also be controlled. Such a highly water-absorbing and gelling substance is used in the form of particles. Its particle size range is usually 0.1~10mm,
Preferably it is 0.3 to 3 mm. If the particle size is less than 0.1 mm, the layer will be too thin and the water-stopping effect will not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 10 mm, water absorption and swelling will be slow. Such granules may be granulated by extrusion granulation, fluidized bed granulation, rolling granulation or other methods, or may be obtained by crushing natural products. Regarding the shape of the grains,
It goes without saying that the particles may have any shape, such as cylindrical, spherical, or other shapes, as long as they can be distributed in a layer of uniform thickness on the water-permeable material. Any type of adhesive can be used as the adhesive to fix and fix the highly water-absorbing and gelling substance as long as it can fix the highly water-absorbing and gelling substance to the water-permeable material sheet. Although there are no particular limitations, it is preferable to use an adhesive that is not soluble in water, has water resistance, has adhesive strength, and is highly flexible. For example, polyvinyl ether, polyisobutylene,
Examples include SBR, butyl rubber, polyurethane, chloroprene, and nitrile rubber adhesives. The amount of adhesive to be applied is such that it fixes the highly absorbent and gelatinous substance but does not interfere with its water absorption. Next, a composition in which L-ascorbic acid is bound to an iron () compound contained in this highly water-absorbing and gelling material (hereinafter referred to as an iron () compound composition) will be described. The molar ratio of the iron () compound and L-ascorbic acid in this iron () compound composition is 1:1.
There is a deodorizing effect even in the vicinity, but 1:0.05 to 1:0.001
A range of is preferred. If L-ascorbic acid is used beyond this range, the activity (deodorizing effect, etc.) will decrease. Also, although the cost is higher, the stabilizing effect is not significantly increased. Furthermore, if L-ascorbic acid is less than the lower limit of the above range, the activity is low and sufficient stability cannot be obtained. In the iron () compound composition, it is necessary that the iron () compound and L-ascorbic acid are bonded. This can be achieved not only by mixing and dissolving the two components in an aqueous solution, but also by drying this aqueous solution by spray drying, freeze drying, etc. to form a powder. Examples of iron() compounds used in iron() compound compositions include iron() inorganic compounds such as ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, ferrous nitrate, ferrous bromide, and ferrous iodide. In addition to salt, organic salts of iron such as ferrous gallate, ferrous malate, and ferrous fumarate are listed. The iron() compound is not limited to those exemplified above, and any compound can be used as long as it dissolves in water and forms divalent iron ions. In order to incorporate this iron() compound into the granules of the super absorbent and gelling material, the iron() compound may be impregnated into the finished granules as an aqueous solution, or during kneading and granulation. It may be added to and kneaded in as an aqueous solution or powder. The content of the iron () compound composition in the granules with high water absorption and gelling properties is not particularly limited, but is 20% by weight.
The range is preferably from 1 to 10% by weight, and more preferably from 1 to 10% by weight. The waterproof and deodorizing sheet material of the present invention can be produced, for example, as follows. In FIG. 1, an adhesive 4 is formed by finely and uniformly distributing granular products 3 of a highly water-absorbing and gelling substance on the adhesive 2 of an adhesive processed water permeable material sheet 1 to which an adhesive 2 is thinly adhered. A waterproof and deodorizing sheet obtained by pressing similar adhesive-treated water-permeable material sheets 5 together with a roll to completely fix the water-permeable material sheets 1 and 5 and the granular product 3 of highly water-absorbing and gelling material. Obtain material 6. An example of the waterproof and deodorizing sheet material thus obtained is shown in a perspective view in FIG. The figure shows the waterproof and deodorizing sheet material wound into a roll. The thickness of this waterproof and deodorizing sheet material is not particularly limited, but it is usually preferably up to 10 mm. Further, the sheet material of the present invention is not limited to the structure shown in the drawings, and various woven fabrics, papers, and synthetic resin materials may be laminated on the surface using this as a core. (i) Waterproof test The waterproof and deodorizing sheet shown in Figure 1 was manufactured as follows. A band-shaped nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fibers with a width of 1 m and a length of 10 m was used as the water-permeable material sheet 1, and an adhesive 2 (rubber-based adhesive) was applied thereto. Then on top of this non-woven adhesive a diameter 1.2
Bentonite granules granulated into cylinders with a length of 0.3 to 3 mm are distributed finely and uniformly to form a layer of highly absorbent and gelatinous material 3, and then glued with an adhesive 4. A nonwoven fabric as the water-permeable material 5 was bonded together, and the nonwoven fabric and bentonite were completely fixed by applying pressure with a roll to obtain a waterproof and deodorizing sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm. Next, we attached this waterproof and deodorizing sheet to a pressure filter as a filtration membrane, measured the amount of water leakage, and tested the waterproof effect.As soon as water was added, it swelled and the thickness
Forms a waterproof layer of 3.2 mm and has a water resistance of 2.0 Kg/cm ² (water depth approx. 20 mm).
It was found that it could withstand water pressure of m). The method for preparing the bentonite granules used above and the iron() compound-L-ascorbic acid composition contained therein is as follows. [Preparation of granular bentonite] 4 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 1.0 parts by weight of magnesium chloride were mixed with 100 parts by weight of natural calcium-type bentonite, and an iron () compound produced as described below was added to the composition. Approximately 10% by weight of powder is added, water is added, kneaded and granulated (28% by weight of granulation moisture) to form granules with a particle size of 1.2mm (moisture content is 28%).
10% by weight). [Preparation _of iron () compound composition powder] Ferrous sulfate ( _FeSO4.7H2O ) and L-ascorbic acid ( _C6H8O6 ) were mixed and dissolved at a molar ratio of 1: _0.01 to form _an aqueous solution ( A total concentration of ferrous sulfate and ascorbic acid (approximately 28%) was prepared. 500 g of this aqueous solution was spray-dried using a spray dryer (DL-21 manufactured by Yamato Chemical Co., Ltd.) under the following conditions to obtain a powder composition (PH approximately 3.0) combining ferrous sulfate and L-ascorbic acid. ) was obtained. Operating conditions Liquid flow rate 40ml/min Atomizing air flow rate 15/min
min Drying air flow rate 6m ² /min Inlet temperature 120℃ Outlet temperature 75℃

[Table] Also, when we measured the water absorption properties of the waterproof sheet obtained above, the water absorption rate was extremely high, and the water absorption rate was almost saturated as soon as water was added, and the water absorption amount was as high as 5 to 6/ ^m2 . The characteristics were shown. (ii) Deodorizing test The waterproof and deodorizing sheet used in the above waterproofing test (Test No. 3) was air-dried, and the deodorizing performance of this sheet was tested. Table 2 shows the results. Test method As shown in Figure 3, put 2 each of odor gases (hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, trimethylamine) into Tedlar bag A to form a closed system, and deodorizing tank B.
A 100 mm x 100 mm waterproof and deodorizing sheet S was placed in the chamber, and the odor gas inside was circulated by a pump P at a flow rate of 2 per minute, and the concentration of the odor gas inside was measured after 15 minutes. Note that a vacuum gas detection tube was used for the measurement.

[Table] (Effects of the Invention) The sheet material of the present invention is breathable and has excellent deodorizing properties, as well as extremely excellent water absorbency, and immediately swells upon absorption of water to form a complete waterproof layer. Form. It is also a completely new sheet material that combines the seemingly contradictory functions of waterproofing and moisture permeability. Therefore, complete waterproofing can be achieved simply by laying it on the floor of a residence or office, e.g.
It is possible to prevent accidents such as water leakage on the upper floor reaching rooms on the lower floor and damaging furniture and equipment. That is,
Because granular materials are bonded and fixed instead of powder, they have excellent water absorption properties, as well as the fixation and stability of gelatinable materials, and are remarkable in that they quickly absorb water and swell to form a dense waterproof layer. It has a great effect.
Moreover, it can remove the bad odors of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and mercaptans very efficiently, and the air in the room can always be kept clean. In this way, the sheet material of the present invention usually has a structure in which granules are laid out and has moisture permeability and air permeability, so it does not cause problems such as dew condensation, and the swelling due to water absorption is reversible, so it can be used again after drying. It restores breathability and exhibits excellent deodorizing effects. Many deodorizing agents lose their deodorizing activity once they leak into water, but one of the features of the present invention is that they once again exhibit their deodorizing activity after drying. This is the cause. Further, the sheet material of the present invention has a bactericidal effect and has an anti-mildew effect. The sheet material of the present invention is suitable for use not only in general construction, but also as flooring materials in places where water is used and bad odors are likely to occur, such as kitchens, washrooms, and toilets. According to the present invention, a highly water-absorbent, gelatinous material layer with a uniform thickness is adhesively formed between two water-permeable sheets, so the sheet has excellent flexibility and can be wound into a roll. Even if this sheet material is cut into an appropriate size during construction, the highly water-absorbent and gelatinous material between the sheets of water-permeable material will not spill out. Therefore, it can be cut to any size and attached to a predetermined water leakage location, and is easy to handle and has excellent workability. This sheet material also does not require sewing or the like to manufacture and is fixed with adhesive, which has the effect of lowering manufacturing costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of the waterproofing material of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the deodorizing test device. 1, 5...Water permeable material sheet, 2, 4...Adhesive, 3...High water absorption, gelling material, 6...Waterproof,
Deodorizing sheet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A product made by adhesively fixing granules of a highly water-absorbing, gelling material containing a composition in which an iron () compound is bound to L-ascorbic acid between sheets of a water-permeable material. Waterproof and deodorizing sheet material. 2. The waterproof and deodorizing sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the highly water-absorbing and gelling substance is an inorganic substance. 3. The waterproof and deodorizing sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic substance is bentonite. 4. The waterproof and deodorizing sheet material according to claim 1, wherein the highly water-absorbing and gelling substance is an organic polymer.