JPH0399147A - Forced ventilation type house - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To utilize again discharge air from a room and to positively utilize a space under a floor by providing a discharging unit for holding the space under the floor in a negative pressure state through a vent passage for communicating the space airtightly formed under the floor with a room above the space and a discharge port of the space under the floor. CONSTITUTION:Since a space 6 under a floor is airtightly composed, the space 6 is always held in a negative pressure state by operating a discharging unit 34. Accordingly, after the airs in rooms 20, 21, 22, 26, 27 are once sucked into the space 6 through vent passages 28-31, they are discharged from a discharge port 32 out of the room by the unit 34. As a result, the respective rooms 20 and the like become negative pressure, and fresh atmospheric air is introduced from an opening such as a window 10A, an exit, etc., to ventilate the respective rooms 20, etc. On the other hand, the space 6 under the floor sucks hot air in the rooms 20, etc., heated in winter to be heated, while sucks cold air in the rooms 20, etc., cooled in summer to be cooled.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a house such as a detached house or a high-rise house,
This invention relates to a forced ventilation house that uses the space under the floor to ventilate rooms.

(Prior art) In conventional houses, ventilation in the room is carried out using a direct ventilation method, that is, a ventilation opening is provided in the outer wall of the room, and air, odor, moisture, etc. (hereinafter referred to as air) inside the room are passed through the ventilation opening. Various methods have been adopted, including a method of directly discharging the waste naturally outdoors, a method of forcibly discharging it using a ventilation fan, or a method of forcibly discharging it using a combination of a ventilation fan and a duct (ventilation pipe).

On the other hand, regarding the underfloor space in conventional houses, ventilation holes are provided in the fabric foundation that forms the underfloor space, and ventilation is naturally performed through the ventilation holes. In addition, if large ventilation holes are provided, small animals and garbage can easily enter, and in cold regions, the temperature under the floor drops and the room becomes cold, so in the conventional technology, relatively small ventilation holes are used. is set up.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, since conventional houses employ direct ventilation methods, the warm air in the room heated by the heater or the cold air cooled by the air conditioner is recirculated. There is an unresolved problem that the energy loss is large because it is directly discharged outdoors without being used.

On the other hand, the ventilation holes in the underfloor space are small and do not have sufficient ventilation, so the humidity is high and odors tend to accumulate, making it unhygienic. For this reason, there is a problem that, for example, the carcinogenic radioactive isotope radon generated from concrete accumulates and gradually invades the room, and there is also a drawback that building materials are likely to corrode. Thus, in conventional houses, unless the house is configured as a basement, the space under the floor is only a minor component of the house, and no attempt has been made to actively utilize the space under the floor.

The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provides a forced ventilation type house that improves the space under the floor by reusing the air exhausted from the room, and also realizes effective use of energy. This is what we provide.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The means of the present invention configured to solve the above-mentioned problems includes: an airtight underfloor space; a room formed above the underfloor space; an air passage communicating with the underfloor space; an exhaust port for discharging gas in the underfloor space to the outside; It consists of an exhaust device that maintains the inside of the space in a negative pressure state.

(Function) Since the underfloor space has a negative pressure, the air in the room is sucked into the underfloor space through the ventilation path, and after contributing to drying, heating, cooling, etc. in the underfloor space, the exhaust system is discharged outdoors from the exhaust port.

(Example) Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a house according to the first embodiment. In the figure,
1 is a site, 2 and 2 are cloth foundations erected with the lower half buried in the site 1, and each cloth foundation 2 is not provided with ventilation holes as in the prior art. A base 3 is fixed to the upper end of the cloth foundation 2 via anchor bolts (not shown), and a heat insulating material 4 is attached to the outer surface.

5 is a floor body supported by the foundation 3; 6 is the floor body 5;
, an underfloor space formed by the site 1 and the cloth foundations 2 and 2, which has airtightness and moisture resistance from the bottom surface of the floor 5 to the inside surface of the cloth foundation 2 and the top surface of the site 1 to prevent outside air from entering. A sheet material or a plate-like material 7 is laid integrally, making it airtight. Reference numeral 8 denotes a heat insulating material disposed on the upper surface of the sheet material 7, and a large number of pebbles 9, 9, . . . for heat storage are spread over the heat insulating material 8.

10 and 1l are respectively erected on the floor body 5, and a window portion 10A. 11A, each outer wall 1
Eaves beams l2 and l3 are fixed to the upper ends of 0 and 11,
A roof l4 is fixed to the eaves beams l2 and l3. Thus, the house of this embodiment has the cloth foundations 2, 2, the floor body 5, and the outer wall t.
It is roughly composed of the outer wall 10% 1l and the roof 14, and airtight and moisture-proof sheets 15, 15, .

Next, reference numeral 16 denotes a ceiling that divides the interior of the house configured as described above into a first floor space and a second floor space. ceiling l6
A plurality of partition walls l7, l8, l9 are provided between the floor body 5 and the floor body 5.
has been erected. Thus, in the first floor space formed by the floor body 5 and the ceiling l6 in the house of this embodiment, there is a first floor space defined by the one side outer wall lO and the partition wall l7.
room 20, a pair of partition walls l7 and 18 and l8 and 1
second and third chambers 2l, 22, defined by 9;
A fourth room 23 is defined by the other outer wall 11 and the partition wall l9.

24 is a second floor body located above the ceiling l6 and provided between the outer wall lO and 11; 25 is a second floor body 24 and the roof l;
A partition wall erected between the partition wall 25 and the partition wall 25.
The second floor space has a fifth room 26 and a sixth room 27.
is defined.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a first air passage formed by a duct arranged from the side surface of the partition wall l7 to the lower surface of the floor body 5. The inlet of the air passage 28 opens into the first room 20, and the outlet opens under the floor. It opens into space 6. 29 is a second ventilation path formed by a duct arranged from the side surface of the partition wall 18 to the bottom of the floor body 5, and the inlet of the ventilation path 29 is the second ventilation path.
The outlet opens into the room 2l, and the outlet opens into the underfloor space 6. Next, 30 is a third ventilation path formed by a duct inserted into the floor body 5, and the inlet of the ventilation path 30 is the third ventilation path.
The outlet opens into the room 22 , and the outlet opens into the underfloor space 6 . Furthermore, 31 is a fourth ventilation passage, and the ventilation passage 3l is formed by a duct disposed across the partition wall 25, the second-floor floor body 24, the ceiling 6, and the partition wall and floor body 5 (not shown). The inlets are the fifth and sixth chambers 26, 2
7, and the outflow port opens into the underfloor space 6.

On the other hand, 32 is an exhaust port for discharging the air in the underfloor space 6 to the outdoors, and the exhaust port 32 is formed by an exhaust pipe 33 that communicates with the fourth room 23 and is inserted into the outer wall 11 on the other side. has been done. Reference numeral 34 denotes an exhaust device provided in the fourth room 23, and the exhaust device 34 is equipped with control means such as a motor, a fan rotationally driven by the motor, and an inverter that controls the rotation speed of the motor (all of which are not shown). ).

The suction pipe side 34A is connected to a suction duct 35 integrally formed from the side surface of the partition wall 19 to the lower surface of the floor body 5, and the discharge pipe side 34B is connected to the exhaust port 32.

The present embodiment is configured as described above, and its operation will be explained next.

The exhaust device 34 normally operates continuously for 24 hours, and exhausts the air in the underfloor space 6 from the suction duct 35 to the outside through the exhaust port 32. Since the underfloor space 6 is configured to be airtight, by operating the exhaust device 34, the inside of the underfloor space 6 is always kept in a negative pressure state. Therefore, each room 20,
The air in 21, 22, 26, 27 flows through ventilation channels 28, 29,
After being once sucked into the underfloor space 6 through the air vents 30 and 3l, the air is discharged outdoors through the exhaust port 32 by the exhaust device 34.

As a result, the inside of each room 20, 2l, 22, 26, 27 also becomes negative pressure, and fresh outside air flows in from the window 10A or an opening such as a doorway (not shown), so that each room 20, 2
1, 22, 26, 27 are ventilated. On the other hand, inside the underfloor space 6, for example, a heated room 20 (21
, 22, 26, 27), and is heated by sucking the warm air inside the rooms 20 (21, 22, 26, 27) and cooled in the summer.
27) It is cooled by sucking the cold air inside.

Next, FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.

Note that the same components as those of the first embodiment described above are given the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted.

However, in the figure, 41 indicates an under-floor space, and this under-floor space 4l is the same as the first embodiment in that it includes the city foundations 2, 2 and a floor 42, but concrete is used instead of the sheet material 7. 43 on the site 1, the underfloor space 41 is formed airtight. 44 is the other side outer wall erected on the floor body 42, and 45 and 46 are the ceiling and second floor body provided between the other side outer wall 44 and the outside Rt I O on one side. . In addition, 47 is the partition wall l8 and the outer wall 44 on the other side.
A partition wall provided between the floor body 42 and the ceiling 45 between the rooms 48 , 4 and the partition wall 18 facing each other by the partition wall 47 and between the outer wall 44 and the partition wall 47 .
9 are respectively defined. 50 is the second floor body 46
The partition wall 5o is erected between the roof 14 and the roof l4, and rooms 51 and 52 are defined in the second floor space by the partition wall 5o.

The house of this embodiment is constructed as described above, and unlike the house of the first embodiment, the interior is made airtight without using a sheet 15.Next, 53 indicates a ventilation passage. , the ventilation path 53 is formed by a duct disposed across the partition wall 50, the second floor floor body 46, the ceiling 45, and the partition wall and floor body 42 (not shown), the inlet of which opens into the room 51, The outflow port opens into the underfloor space 4l.

Reference numeral 54 denotes a suction duct arranged from the floor body 42 to the partition wall 47, the suction port of the suction duct 54 opens into the underfloor space 41, and the connection port connected to a ventilation system 60, which will be described later, opens into the room 49. are doing. On the other hand, reference numeral 55 designates an air outlet duct installed from the partition wall 47 to the ceiling 45 and the second floor floor body 46. A connection port of the air outlet duct 55 opens into the room 49, and a pair of air outlets branched into two open into the room 49. , 52, respectively.

Furthermore, 56 is an exhaust port, and the exhaust port 56 is formed by an exhaust pipe 57 that communicates with the room 49 and is inserted into the outer wall 44 on the other side, and an intake pipe that forms an intake port 58 is located near the exhaust pipe 57. 59 is inserted.

Furthermore, 60 is a heat exchange type ventilation device used in this embodiment,
The exhaust pipe portion 60A of the ventilation device 60 is connected between the connection port of the suction duct 54 and the exhaust port 56, and the suction pipe portion 60B
is connected between the intake port 58 and the blowout duct 55. The exhaust pipe section 60A, through which warm (cold) air discharged outdoors flows, and the suction pipe section 60B, through which fresh cold (warm) air drawn in from the outdoors flows, are configured to exchange heat. .

In this embodiment, as described above, the heat exchange type ventilation device 60 is operated to create a negative pressure state in the underfloor space 41, thereby discharging the air in each of the rooms 20, 2l, 48, 5l, and 52. After being sucked into the underfloor space 41 through the respective ventilation paths 28, 29, and 53, the air is discharged outdoors through the suction duct 54 and the exhaust port 56. On the other hand, the ventilation system 2i60 has an intake port 5
After warming (cooling) using the air exhausted from the outdoor air that has been sucked in, it is sent to the room 48 through the blowout duct 55.
, 52. Then, the fresh air blown in moves to the other rooms 20, 2l, 48, and 50, thereby making it possible to ventilate the entire house.

In addition, in each example, the ventilation passages 28, 29, 30, 31
, 53 and 55 are described as being formed using ducts, but for example, partition walls l7, l8, l9, 25, 47
, 50 may be formed between the core material and the interior material to serve as a ventilation passage. In addition, ventilation passages 28, 29, 30,
3l, 53 suction ports are in each room 20, 2l, 22, 26
, 27, 48, and 51 can be installed at a predetermined position from the top of the room to the floor depending on the purpose and conditions of use.

Furthermore, the exhaust system 34 of the first embodiment has a second exhaust system inside the room 23.
Although the ventilation device 60 of the embodiment has been described as being installed within the room 49, it may also be installed within the underfloor space 6, 4l, for example. Further, in the first embodiment, openings (inflow ports) were provided in all the rooms by means of the ventilation passages 28, 29, 3l, but for example, no openings were provided in the rooms 22, 27, and the partition walls l8, 25
A hole or the like penetrating the room 26 and 21 is provided in the room 22,
27 air may be moved.

Furthermore, although each embodiment takes a two-story detached house as an example, the present invention can also be applied to a high-rise building. In this case, by adopting a structure in which the intake pipes are placed in the underfloor space of each floor, it is possible to save labor on duct construction, and it is also possible to reduce the load on heating and cooling by using exhaust heat.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention has been described in detail above, and has the following effects.

■Since the space under the floor has a more negative pressure than each living room, harmful substances such as radon generated from concrete such as cloth foundations can be prevented from entering the living space.

■Since the air in the underfloor space is forcibly discharged, odors and moisture can be actively removed, improving sanitary conditions and increasing the durability of the house.

- Warm air can be sucked into the underfloor space from the room, and the ventilation holes used in conventional technology have been eliminated to prevent cold air from entering the underfloor space during the winter. Therefore, the temperature of the floor body can be increased to provide a comfortable living space, and water supply and drainage pipes installed in the underfloor space can be prevented from freezing. Furthermore, by simplifying the insulation structure of the floor body, it is possible to realize lower costs and reductions in heating and cooling costs.

■As mentioned above, there is no need to provide ventilation holes in the fabric foundation.
Construction becomes easier, construction costs can be reduced, and intrusion by small animals can be reliably prevented.

■Reduced need to install ventilation ducts along the ceiling,
Since there is no need to secure installation space for ventilation ducts, the construction cost of the entire house can be reduced.

■The space under the floor only needs to have a certain volume, and there are no restrictions on height or space, so it can be widely used as a storage space as it has excellent airtightness.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a forced ventilation house according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a forced ventilation house according to a second embodiment. 6, 41...underfloor space, 20, 2l, 22, 26,
27, 48.51, 52...Room 528, 29, 30
, 3l, 53... ventilation path, 32, 56... exhaust port,
34, 60... Exhaust device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] An airtight underfloor space, a room formed above the underfloor space, a ventilation path communicating the room with the underfloor space, and an exhaust port for discharging gas in the underfloor space to the outside. and an exhaust device that maintains the inside of the underfloor space in a negative pressure state by forcibly discharging the gas inside the underfloor space to the outside through the exhaust port.