JPH0398731A - Permanent electromagnetic chuck - Google Patents

Permanent electromagnetic chuck

Info

Publication number
JPH0398731A
JPH0398731A JP23120389A JP23120389A JPH0398731A JP H0398731 A JPH0398731 A JP H0398731A JP 23120389 A JP23120389 A JP 23120389A JP 23120389 A JP23120389 A JP 23120389A JP H0398731 A JPH0398731 A JP H0398731A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
workpiece
electromagnet
permanent magnet
work
polarity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP23120389A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2974694B2 (en
Inventor
Naoharu Ikehara
池原 尚治
Takayuki Hayakawa
隆之 早川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FUJI JIKOU KK
JTEKT Column Systems Corp
Original Assignee
FUJI JIKOU KK
Fuji Kiko Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FUJI JIKOU KK, Fuji Kiko Co Ltd filed Critical FUJI JIKOU KK
Priority to JP1231203A priority Critical patent/JP2974694B2/en
Publication of JPH0398731A publication Critical patent/JPH0398731A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2974694B2 publication Critical patent/JP2974694B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To remove the residual magnetism of the work of after machining completion for charging, by forming an electromagnet for dimagnetizing a work between a work suction face and polarity fixed permanent magnet and composing it so as to flow a damping alternating current to the coil of this work dimagnetizing electromagnet after releasing the work suction. CONSTITUTION:In the case of a residual magnetism 9 being generated inside a work 2, a damping alternating current (current gradually damping while changing the polarity alternately) is flowed to a coil 11 and then the lines of magnetic force 13a, 13b whose directions differ each other are generated alternately by this damping alternating current. The alternately transient-decay magnetic field is therefore impressed on the work 2 by this line of magnetic force 13a, 13b. The residual magnetism 9 left on the work 2 so far is thus removed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は永久磁石を用いてワークの吸着を行う永電磁式
チャックに関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a permanent electromagnetic chuck that uses a permanent magnet to attract a workpiece.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

切削、研削等の機械加工をワークに対して行うため、磁
力によりワークを保持するチャックとして、電磁チャッ
クと、永電磁式チャックとがある。
BACKGROUND ART In order to perform machining such as cutting and grinding on a workpiece, there are two types of chucks that hold the workpiece using magnetic force: an electromagnetic chuck and a permanent electromagnetic chuck.

前者は、永久磁石を用いずに、コイルの通電による磁力
のみでワークを吸着しようとするもので、吸着動作中は
コイルが通電され続けた状態になる。
The former method attempts to attract a workpiece only by the magnetic force generated by energizing a coil without using a permanent magnet, and the coil remains energized during the attraction operation.

これに対し、後者は、永久磁石と電磁石の双方を用い、
電磁石の極性を変換させることによりワークの吸着及び
保持を行うもので、電磁石のコイルが通電されるのはそ
の極性が変化される瞬時のみである。
On the other hand, the latter uses both permanent magnets and electromagnets,
The workpiece is attracted and held by changing the polarity of the electromagnet, and the coil of the electromagnet is energized only at the moment when the polarity is changed.

第5図及び第6図は、このような永電磁式チャックの構
成及び動作を説明するための概略図である。なお、この
第5図及び6図は、第7図の形状の永電磁式チャック1
の一部を断面にして示したものである。
FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams for explaining the configuration and operation of such a permanent electromagnetic chuck. Note that FIGS. 5 and 6 show the permanent electromagnetic chuck 1 having the shape shown in FIG.
This is a cross-sectional view of a part of the figure.

永久電磁式チャック1の上面には、ワーク2を吸着する
ための吸着面Pが形成されている。この吸着面Pの下方
には、磁極性部材3を挟んで一対の極性固定永久磁石(
以下、永久磁石と略す)4,4が取付けられている。
A suction surface P for suctioning a workpiece 2 is formed on the upper surface of the permanent electromagnetic chuck 1 . Below this attraction surface P, a pair of fixed polarity permanent magnets (
(hereinafter abbreviated as permanent magnets) 4, 4 are attached.

そして、これらの永久磁石4,4の下方には極性可変永
電磁石(以下、永電磁石と略す)5が配設されている。
A variable polarity permanent electromagnet (hereinafter abbreviated as permanent electromagnet) 5 is disposed below these permanent magnets 4, 4.

この永電磁石5は、アルニコWの材質で形成された永久
磁石6と、永久磁石6の周囲に巻回されたコイル7とに
より横成されている。
The permanent magnet 5 includes a permanent magnet 6 made of Alnico W material and a coil 7 wound around the permanent magnet 6.

また、これら永久磁石4,4及び永電磁石5の回りには
、フレーム部材及び磁極部材の双方の部材として機能す
るヨーク(!l鉄)8が取付けられている。
Further, a yoke (1 iron) 8 is attached around the permanent magnets 4, 4 and the permanent magnet 5, which functions as both a frame member and a magnetic pole member.

次に、このような従来の永電磁式チャック1の動作につ
き説明する。
Next, the operation of such a conventional permanent electromagnetic chuck 1 will be explained.

第5図または第6図に示すように、永久磁石4の周囲に
は常時一定方向の向きの磁力線9が発生している。そこ
で、ワーク2を吸着面Pに吸着させる場合は、コイル7
を通電し、第5図に示すように、永電磁石5に、磁力線
9と同し方向の磁力線10aを発生させるようにする。
As shown in FIG. 5 or 6, lines of magnetic force 9 always oriented in a fixed direction are generated around the permanent magnet 4. Therefore, when the workpiece 2 is attracted to the attraction surface P, the coil 7
Electricity is applied to cause the permanent magnet 5 to generate magnetic lines of force 10a in the same direction as the lines of magnetic force 9, as shown in FIG.

すると、磁力線9,10aの各磁力が相まって、ワーク
2は強い力で吸着面Pに吸着された状態となる。これに
より、ワーク2に対する機械加工が可能となる。
Then, the magnetic forces of the lines of magnetic force 9 and 10a combine, and the workpiece 2 is attracted to the attraction surface P with a strong force. This allows machining of the workpiece 2.

そして、ワーク2に対する機械加工が終了し、ワーク2
の吸着を解除する場合は、吸着時の場合と逆向きの通電
をコイル7に行うようにする。すると、第6図に示すよ
うに、永電磁石5の回りに、磁力線つと逆方向の磁力線
10aが発生する。これら、磁力線9,10bによる各
磁力は互いに″.べしく直結するように働き、ワーク2
を吸着する力は非常に弱いものとなる。したがって、ワ
ーク2を吸着面Pから取外すことができる。
Then, machining for work 2 is completed, and work 2
When canceling the attraction, the coil 7 is energized in the opposite direction to that during attraction. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, lines of magnetic force 10a are generated around the permanent magnet 5 in the opposite direction to the lines of magnetic force. The magnetic forces caused by these lines of magnetic force 9 and 10b work to be directly connected to each other, and the workpiece 2
The adsorption power is very weak. Therefore, the workpiece 2 can be removed from the suction surface P.

なお、第5図,第6図においては説明を簡01にするた
め、永電磁石5を1個のみ図示しているが、実際には、
第8図または第9図に示すように、永電磁石5は複数個
が隣接するように配設されている。ここで、第8図は主
として切削加工用、第9図は主として研削加工用に用い
られるものであり、第8図の方が吸着力が強くなってい
る。
In addition, in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, in order to simplify the explanation, only one permanent magnet 5 is shown, but in reality,
As shown in FIG. 8 or 9, a plurality of permanent magnets 5 are arranged adjacent to each other. Here, FIG. 8 is mainly used for cutting, and FIG. 9 is mainly used for grinding, and the suction force in FIG. 8 is stronger.

〔発明が角q決しようとする課題〕[The problem that the invention attempts to solve]

上記のように、ワーク2の吸着を解除するにあたっては
、永電磁石5の極性を変換することにより、ワーク2を
通過する磁力線の数を減少させるようにしている。
As described above, when releasing the attraction of the workpiece 2, the number of magnetic lines of force passing through the workpiece 2 is reduced by changing the polarity of the permanent magnet 5.

ここで、ワーク2が軟鉄のような残留磁気の残りにくい
材質である場合には、第6図の状態において、ワーク2
に発生している残留磁気はさして問題となる量ではない
Here, if the workpiece 2 is made of a material such as soft iron that does not easily retain residual magnetism, the workpiece 2
The amount of residual magnetism generated is not particularly problematic.

しかし、ワーク2が焼入れを必要とするような硬い材質
の材料(例えばダイス鋼等)である場合には、第6図の
状態において、ワーク2に少からず残留磁気が発生する
ことになる。
However, if the workpiece 2 is made of a hard material that requires hardening (such as die steel), a considerable amount of residual magnetism will be generated in the workpiece 2 in the state shown in FIG.

そのため、ワーク2を吸着而Pから取外す作業を円滑に
行うことができないという問題を有していた。また、こ
のような残留磁気のため、ワーク2の後工程に悪影響を
与えるおそれがあり、さらに、最終製品仕様として、残
留磁気の完全な消滅が要求されるという問題もある。
Therefore, there was a problem in that the work to remove the workpiece 2 from the suction member P could not be performed smoothly. In addition, such residual magnetism may have a negative effect on the post-processing of the workpiece 2, and there is also the problem that complete disappearance of residual magnetism is required as a final product specification.

本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、ワーク
の機械加工終了後に、このワークの残留磁気を完全に消
滅させることができる永電磁式チャックを提供しようと
するものである。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a permanent electromagnetic chuck that can completely eliminate the residual magnetism of a workpiece after machining the workpiece.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

本発明は上記課題を解決するための手段としてワーク吸
着面の下方に極性固定永久磁石を設けると共に、この極
性固定永久磁石の下方に極性可変永電磁石を配設し、前
記ワークの吸着時には前記極性固定永久磁石及び前記極
性可変永電磁石の各磁力線の向きが一致するようにこの
極性”Jt永電磁石のコイルを通電し、前記ワークの吸
着解除時には前記極性固定永久磁石及び前記極性可変永
化磁石の各磁力線の向きが互いに逆方向になるようにこ
の極性可変永電磁石のコ,イルを通屯する永電磁式チャ
ックにおいて、前記ワーク吸着面と前記極性固定永久磁
石との間に、さらにワーク脱磁用電磁石を形成し、前記
ワークの吸着解除後にこのワーク脱磁用電磁石のコイル
へ交番型減衰電流を流すようにした構成としてある。
As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a fixed polarity permanent magnet below the workpiece attracting surface, and a variable polarity permanent electromagnet below the fixed polarity permanent magnet. The coil of this polarity Jt permanent magnet is energized so that the directions of the magnetic lines of force of the fixed permanent magnet and the variable polarity permanent magnet match, and when the workpiece is released, the fixed permanent magnet and the variable polarity permanent magnet are energized. In a permanent electromagnetic chuck that passes through the coils and coils of variable polarity permanent electromagnets so that the directions of the lines of magnetic force are opposite to each other, the workpiece is further demagnetized between the workpiece attracting surface and the fixed polarity permanent magnet. A demagnetizing electromagnet is formed, and after the workpiece is released from attraction, an alternating damping current is passed through the coil of the workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet.

〔作 用〕[For production]

上記構成において、ワークの吸着が解除された時点で、
ワークの材質如何によっては、このワークに多量の残留
磁気が発生している場合がある。
In the above configuration, when the workpiece is released from suction,
Depending on the material of the workpiece, a large amount of residual magnetism may be generated in the workpiece.

しかし、そのような場合でも、ワーク脱磁用電磁石のコ
イルに交番型減衰電流を流すようにしてあるので、ワー
ク内には交番型減衰磁昇が允生じ、これにより残留磁気
が殆ど消滅する。
However, even in such a case, since an alternating damping current is caused to flow through the coil of the workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet, an alternating damping magnetic rise occurs within the workpiece, thereby almost eliminating residual magnetism.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

以下、本発明の実施例を第1図乃至第4図に基いて説明
する。但し、第5図乃至第9図と同様の構成要素には同
一符号を付して重複した説明を省略することとする。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. However, the same components as in FIGS. 5 to 9 will be given the same reference numerals and redundant explanation will be omitted.

第1図における磁極性部材3及びヨーク8は、第5図乃
至第8図におけるものよりも、さらに上方に伸びて形成
されている。そして、この磁極性部材3において、永久
磁石4よりも高い位置にはコイル11が巻回されており
、さらに、このコイル11には交番型減衰電流供給回路
(図示せず)が接続されている。すなわち、吸着而Pと
永久磁石4との間には、磁極性部材3とコイル11とで
形成されるワーク脱磁用電磁石12が形成された状態と
なっている。
The magnetic polarity member 3 and yoke 8 in FIG. 1 are formed to extend further upwards than those in FIGS. 5 to 8. In this magnetic polarity member 3, a coil 11 is wound at a higher position than the permanent magnet 4, and an alternating damping current supply circuit (not shown) is connected to this coil 11. . That is, a workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet 12 formed of the magnetic polarity member 3 and the coil 11 is formed between the attracting member P and the permanent magnet 4.

次に、このように構成される本実施例の動作を第2図乃
至第4図に話いて説明する。
Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4.

まず、ワーク2を吸着面Pに吸着させる場合は、コイル
7を通電して、磁極性部材3に対する磁力線9.10a
の向きが同極になり(第2図)、ワーク2の吸着を解除
する場合は、コイル7の通電を逆にして、磁力線9,1
0bの向きが昇極で豆いに等しく直結するようになる(
第3図)。これらの場合の動作は、第5図及び第6図の
場合の動作とほぼ同様である。なお、いずれの場合もコ
イル7に対する通電は短時間でよく、通電を継続させて
おく必要はない。
First, when the workpiece 2 is to be attracted to the attraction surface P, the coil 7 is energized and the magnetic force lines 9.10a against the magnetic polarity member 3 are
become the same polarity (Fig. 2), and if you want to release the adsorption of the workpiece 2, reverse the energization of the coil 7 so that the lines of magnetic force 9, 1
The direction of 0b becomes ascending and is directly connected to the beans (
Figure 3). The operations in these cases are almost the same as those in FIGS. 5 and 6. In any case, the coil 7 only needs to be energized for a short time, and there is no need to keep it energized.

そして、第3図の状態では前述のように、ワーク2内に
残留磁気(9)が発生しているが、この残留磁気(9)
を除去するため、ワーク脱磁用電磁石12に脱磁動作を
行なわせるようにする。すなわち、コイル11に交番型
減衰電流(極性を交互に変化させながら漸次減衰してい
く電流)を流すと、第4図に示すように、この交番型減
衰電流によって、互いに向きの異なる磁力線13a,1
3bが交互に発生する。したがって、この磁力線13a
,13bにより、ワーク2には交番型減衰磁界が印加さ
れることとなり、これによりそれまでワーク2に残存し
ていた残留磁気(9)が除去されることになる。
In the state shown in Fig. 3, as mentioned above, residual magnetism (9) is generated within the workpiece 2, but this residual magnetism (9)
In order to remove this, the workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet 12 is caused to perform a demagnetizing operation. That is, when an alternating attenuating current (a current that gradually attenuates while changing its polarity alternately) is passed through the coil 11, as shown in FIG. 1
3b occur alternately. Therefore, this line of magnetic force 13a
, 13b, an alternating damping magnetic field is applied to the workpiece 2, thereby removing the residual magnetism (9) remaining in the workpiece 2 until then.

なお、上記実施例では、従来例における磁極性部材3の
高さを高くし、この磁極性部材3をそのまま利用してワ
ーク脱磁用電磁石12を形成するようにしているが、別
の材料の磁極性部材を用いてワーク脱磁用電磁石を形或
するようにしてもよい。
In the above embodiment, the height of the magnetic polarity member 3 in the conventional example is increased and the magnetic polarity member 3 is used as it is to form the electromagnet 12 for demagnetizing the workpiece. The electromagnet for demagnetizing the workpiece may be formed using a magnetic polarity member.

また、ワーク脱磁用電磁石の部分を別体購成とし、従来
例のものに、このワーク脱磁用電磁石を取付け取外しす
る構或とすることも可能である。
It is also possible to purchase the workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet separately, and to attach and remove the workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet from the conventional example.

そして、本発明は、第8図及び第9図に示すような、切
削用、研削用のいずれの永電磁式チャックに対しても適
用可能なことはいうまでもない。
It goes without saying that the present invention is applicable to both permanent electromagnetic chucks for cutting and grinding as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説叩したように、本発叩によれば、ワーク吸着面と
極性固定永久磁石との間にワーク脱磁用電磁石を形成し
、ワークの吸着解除後にこのワーク脱磁用電磁石のコイ
ルへ交番型減衰電流を流すように構成したので、機械加
工終了後のワークの残留磁気を充分に除去することが可
能となる。
As explained above, according to this hammering method, a workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet is formed between the workpiece attraction surface and a fixed polarity permanent magnet, and after the workpiece is released from attraction, the workpiece demagnetizing electromagnet's coil is alternately connected. Since the mold damping current is configured to flow, residual magnetism in the workpiece after machining can be sufficiently removed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は本発明の実施例の要部を示す概略{111成図
、第2図乃至第4図は第1図の動作説明図、第5図及び
第6図は従来例の要部のfl!E IIt3 tM成図
、第7図は従来例の全体の外蜆を示す斜呪園、第8図及
び第9図は従来例の構成要素の配列例を用途別に示した
概略図である。 2・・・ワーク、4・・・極性同定永久磁石、5・・・
陽性可変永電磁石、7・・・コイル、11・・・コイル
、12・・・ワーク脱磁用電磁石、 P・・・吸着面。
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the main parts of the embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2 to 4 are explanatory diagrams of the operation of Figure 1, and Figures 5 and 6 are the main parts of the conventional example. Fl! FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the entire outline of the conventional example, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic diagrams showing examples of the arrangement of the components of the conventional example according to their uses. 2...Workpiece, 4...Polarity identification permanent magnet, 5...
Positive variable permanent electromagnet, 7...Coil, 11...Coil, 12...Work demagnetization electromagnet, P...Adsorption surface.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 ワーク吸着面の下方に極性固定永久磁石を設けると共に
、この極性固定永久磁石の下方に極性可変永電磁石を配
設し、前記ワークの吸着時には前記極性固定永久磁石及
び前記極性可変永電磁石の各磁力線の向きが一致するよ
うにこの極性可変永電磁石のコイルを通電し、前記ワー
クの吸着解除時には前記極性固定永久磁石及び前記極性
可変永電磁石の各磁力線の向きが互いに逆方向になるよ
うにこの極性可変永電磁石のコイルを通電する永電磁式
チャックにおいて、 前記ワーク吸着面と前記極性固定永久磁石との間に、さ
らにワーク脱磁用電磁石を形成し、前記ワークの吸着解
除後にこのワーク脱磁用電磁石のコイルへ交番型減衰電
流を流すようにしたことを特徴とする永電磁式チャック
[Scope of Claims] A fixed polarity permanent magnet is provided below the workpiece attracting surface, and a variable polarity permanent electromagnet is provided below the fixed polarity permanent magnet, and when the workpiece is attracted, the fixed polarity permanent magnet and the polarity fixed permanent magnet are disposed below the fixed polarity permanent magnet. The coil of the variable polarity permanent electromagnet is energized so that the directions of the lines of magnetic force of the variable permanent electromagnet match, and when the workpiece is released, the lines of magnetic force of the fixed polarity permanent magnet and the variable polarity permanent electromagnet are opposite to each other. In this permanent electromagnetic chuck, in which the coil of the variable polarity permanent electromagnet is energized, an electromagnet for demagnetizing the workpiece is further formed between the workpiece attraction surface and the fixed polarity permanent magnet to release the attraction of the workpiece. Later, a permanent electromagnetic chuck was developed in which an alternating damping current was passed through the coil of the electromagnet for demagnetizing the workpiece.
JP1231203A 1989-09-06 1989-09-06 Permanent electromagnetic chuck Expired - Fee Related JP2974694B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1231203A JP2974694B2 (en) 1989-09-06 1989-09-06 Permanent electromagnetic chuck

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1231203A JP2974694B2 (en) 1989-09-06 1989-09-06 Permanent electromagnetic chuck

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0398731A true JPH0398731A (en) 1991-04-24
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JP1231203A Expired - Fee Related JP2974694B2 (en) 1989-09-06 1989-09-06 Permanent electromagnetic chuck

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5270678A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-12-14 Walker Magnetics Group, Inc. Magnetic rail chuck
JPH06134637A (en) * 1992-10-23 1994-05-17 Fuji Jikou Kk Control device for permanent magnet chuck
WO2009118888A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 キヤノンアネルバ株式会社 Vacuum treatment device, method for manufacturing image display device using the vacuum treatment device, and electronic device manufactured by use of vacuum treatment device
JP2013537712A (en) * 2010-09-20 2013-10-03 グァン チェ,テ Magnetic material holding device combining permanent magnet and electromagnet

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60186339A (en) * 1984-03-02 1985-09-21 Fuji Jikou Kk Exciting method for demagnetizing electro permanent magnetic chuck
JPS62208844A (en) * 1986-03-11 1987-09-14 Kanetsuu Kogyo Kk Excitation of magnetic chuck

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60186339A (en) * 1984-03-02 1985-09-21 Fuji Jikou Kk Exciting method for demagnetizing electro permanent magnetic chuck
JPS62208844A (en) * 1986-03-11 1987-09-14 Kanetsuu Kogyo Kk Excitation of magnetic chuck

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5270678A (en) * 1992-03-06 1993-12-14 Walker Magnetics Group, Inc. Magnetic rail chuck
JPH06134637A (en) * 1992-10-23 1994-05-17 Fuji Jikou Kk Control device for permanent magnet chuck
WO2009118888A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-10-01 キヤノンアネルバ株式会社 Vacuum treatment device, method for manufacturing image display device using the vacuum treatment device, and electronic device manufactured by use of vacuum treatment device
JP5192492B2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2013-05-08 キヤノンアネルバ株式会社 Vacuum processing apparatus, method for manufacturing image display apparatus using the vacuum processing apparatus, and electronic device manufactured by the vacuum processing apparatus
JP2013537712A (en) * 2010-09-20 2013-10-03 グァン チェ,テ Magnetic material holding device combining permanent magnet and electromagnet

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