JPH0391655A - Thermal storage air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the operation cost and maintain comfortable performance based on the application of night power by installing a primary refrigeration cycle communicated with a refrigerant heat exchanger and a heat storage tank, and a secondary refrigeration cycle communicated with an indoor heat exchanger, and inter-communicating second heat exchangers of the heat storage tank by way of a second refrigerant transfer pump. CONSTITUTION:A primary refrigeration cycle is formed by interlocking with a compressor 2, a four way valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an expansion valve 5, a first heat exchange section 14 for a refrigerant heat exchanger HE, and a first heat exchanger 12 inside a heat storage tank. A second hent exchange section 15 for the refrigerant heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger 12 in the heat storage tank, a first refrigerant transfer pump PM1, indoor heat exchangers 8a, 8b, and go and flow rate control valves 7a, 7b, and 7c are interconnected with each other so that a secondary refrigeration cycle may be formed. Furthermore, each heat exchanger 13a and 13b for beat storage tanks STRa and STRb in multi-chamber type air conditioners A. and B are interlocked with each other by way of a second refrigerant transfer pump PM2 so that a heat transfer cycle may be formed. It is, therefore, possible to reduce operation cost, using night power.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to refrigeration cycle control for performing cooling operation and heating operation for each room in a multi-room air conditioner that uses air as a heat source, and heat storage utilization. This invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner equipped with a control for.

2. Description of the Related Art Various developments have already been made regarding conventional multi-room air conditioners having multiple indoor units.
There are multi-room air conditioners as shown in 38 to 1045, and the basic technology thereof is, as shown in FIG. 3, a compressor 2. Four-way valve 3. The outdoor heat exchanger 4 and the outdoor W expansion valve 5, and the indoor expansion valve 7° in the indoor unit 6 installed in parallel with the outdoor unit 1.
The indoor heat exchangers 8 are sequentially connected in a ring shape to form a heat pump type refrigeration cycle. The compressor 2 has a variable capacity, and by changing the frequency of the supplied power, the refrigerant shield ring in the refrigeration cycle can be changed. In addition, cooling operation and heating operation are switched by the four-way valve 3. During cooling operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the solid line arrow in the figure to form a cooling cycle, and during heating operation, the refrigerant flows in the direction of the broken line in the figure. A heating cycle is formed. In addition, the outdoor heat exchanger 4. The indoor heat exchanger 8 is provided with an outdoor blower 9 and
An indoor blower 10 is installed.

In such a multi-room air conditioner, a plurality of, for example, three indoor units 6FL, 6b, and 6c can be operated individually, and when only the indoor unit 6a is operated, the other indoor unit 8b , 6c fully closes the indoor expansion valves 7b and 7c, and also stops the indoor blowers IQb and IOC.

At this time, the capacity of the compressor 2 is controlled by an inverter or the like, and it is possible to individually operate the compressor 2 at a capacity corresponding to the number of operating indoor units. Furthermore, if it is necessary to install 6, 9, or more indoor units in a large building, for example, 6
In the case of multiple air conditioners, as shown in FIG. 4, in an air conditioning system in which two sets of multi-room air conditioners A and B are installed, each multi-room air conditioner can be operated individually.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the conventional example described above, the electricity used is daytime electricity that is mainly used for air conditioners;
From a social perspective, with the use of electronic devices increasing year by year, not only is power consumption likely to reach its peak during high-load hours, but it is also more expensive than nighttime power. It has the disadvantage of higher power consumption charges. In addition, since multi-room air conditioners A and B are operated independently, in other words, heat cannot be exchanged between multi-room air conditioners A and 8. If the heat loads are different in B, for example, multi-room air conditioner A lacks air conditioning capacity, and even if multi-room air conditioner B has excess air conditioning capacity, it is impossible to handle the situation. This has the disadvantage that the comfort of each room in the type air conditioner B is impaired.

Conversely, when designing an air conditioner for this building,
Generally, the air conditioning capacity of the multi-room air conditioner A is designed to correspond to the peak heat load on the A side, and the air conditioning capacity of the multi-room air conditioner B is designed to correspond to the peak heat load on the B side. Therefore,
If the heat load peaks on side A and B occur at different times, this means that there will be excess equipment during non-peak hours, which will result in high equipment costs and high contract power costs with the power company. It had drawbacks.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage air conditioning system that can transfer the amount of heat stored in a heat storage tank using nighttime electricity between each multi-room air conditioner.

Means for Solving the Problems The technical means of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a first heat exchange section, a second heat exchange section, and a switching valve t! : Equipped with refrigerant heat exchanger,
A heat storage tank equipped with a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a switching valve;
a primary side refrigeration cycle formed by communicating a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a first heat exchange section of the refrigerant heat exchanger, and a first heat exchanger of the heat storage tank; a secondary side formed by communicating a second heat exchange part of the refrigerant heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger in the heat storage tank, a first refrigerant transfer pump, and a plurality of indoor heat exchangers with a flow rate control valve; A heat transfer system in which a plurality of multi-room air conditioners each having a refrigeration cycle are installed, and the second heat exchangers of the heat storage tanks of each of the multi-room air conditioners are communicated with each other via a second refrigerant transfer pump. It is equipped with a cycle.

For production The effect of this technical means is as follows.

A compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a first heat exchange section of a refrigerant heat exchanger in a plurality of multi-chamber air conditioners;
In the primary side refrigeration cycle communicating with the first heat exchanger of the heat storage tank, nighttime operation will first be described.

At night, the heat storage tank is connected to the primary side refrigeration cycle by switching the switching valve of the refrigerant heat exchanger, and the first heat exchanger in the heat storage tank is connected to the primary side by switching the switching valve inside the heat storage tank. It is connected to the refrigeration cycle and uses cheap nighttime electricity to store cold (heat) in the heat storage material in the heat storage tank.

Next, daytime driving will be explained. At this time, the switching of the switching valve in the heat storage tank is performed by the first heat exchanger t! in the heat storage tank.
: Connect to the secondary refrigeration cycle.

(1) When (total value of heat load of each room) ≦ (output capacity of heat storage tank) in each of multiple multi-room air conditioners, in this case, the primary side refrigeration cycle is connected to the refrigerant heat exchanger. , and without operating the heat transfer cycle, the first heat exchanger in the heat storage tank is communicated with the secondary refrigeration cycle by the switching valve in the heat storage tank, and the first refrigerant transfer pump and the indoor heat exchanger are connected. ,
Operates the secondary refrigeration cycle consisting of a flow control valve.

That is, the cold heat or warm heat stored in the heat storage material in the heat storage tank during the night is heat exchanged with the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle via the second heat exchanger in the heat storage tank, and the refrigerant is transferred to the first By transporting the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger of each indoor unit using the refrigerant transport pump and exchanging heat with the indoor air, each room can be cooled or
Therefore, air conditioning can be performed using electricity at night without using electricity during the day.

(2) For each of multiple multi-room air conditioners, (total value of heat load in each room) > (output capacity of heat storage tank), and (total value of heat load in each room) ≦ (maximum air conditioning capacity) Qmax)
(However, (R large air conditioning capacity Qmax) = (Output capacity of heat storage tank) + (Output capacity of primary side refrigeration cycle).) In this case, the heat transfer cycle is not operated, but only the heat storage tank is Since the output of a second heat exchanger in the heat storage tank;
Operates the secondary refrigeration cycle, which consists of a refrigerant transfer pump, an indoor heat exchanger, and a flow control valve. That is, the cold heat (warm heat) stored in the heat storage material in the heat storage tank at night is exchanged with the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle via the second heat exchanger in the heat storage tank, and in addition, the refrigerant heat exchange The refrigerant is exchanged with the refrigerant of the primary refrigeration cycle in the second heat exchange section of the device to increase the amount of cold (warm) heat, and the refrigerant is conveyed to the indoor heat exchanger of each indoor unit by the first refrigerant transfer pump. By exchanging heat with the indoor air, each room is cooled or heated. Therefore, it is possible to use nighttime power to reduce daytime power consumption, and
By operating the next refrigeration cycle, it is possible to compensate for the lack of capacity in the second refrigeration cycle, and it is possible to prevent the comfort in each room from being impaired.

(3) Among multiple multi-room air conditioners, in a certain multi-room air conditioner (total value of heat load of each room)> (maximum air conditioning capacity Qmax)
In this case, the capacity of this multi-room air conditioner is insufficient, and at the same time, the primary side and secondary side refrigeration cycle operation similar to the daytime operation in (2) is performed, and in addition, heat transfer is performed. Using a cycle, the cold (warm) heat in the heat storage tank of a multi-room air conditioner with excess capacity is transferred via the refrigerant to the second refrigerant transfer pump to store heat in the multi-room air conditioner with insufficient capacity. Transport to tank.

Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of cold storage (heat) in the heat storage tank of a multi-room air conditioner that lacks capacity, and therefore it is possible to compensate for the lack of capacity in the secondary refrigeration cycle of the multi-room air conditioner. This can prevent the comfort in each room from being impaired.

In addition, in terms of designing air conditioning equipment, the sum of the heat loads that occur simultaneously in the rooms connected to each of the multiple multi-room air conditioners may be used as the design load value, that is, the peak value of the heat load. If the occurrence times are different, the load will be smaller than the sum of the design load value (peak value of heat load) for each multi-room air conditioner alone, allowing for smaller equipment and reducing power costs contracted with the electric power company. More economical equipment design becomes possible. Furthermore, when adding an indoor unit, this can be done by increasing the amount of cold storage heat stored in the heat storage tank, which increases expandability and design freedom.

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings, and the same components as those in the conventional art will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a refrigeration cycle diagram of a heat storage air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The thermal storage air conditioning system of this embodiment consists of two multi-room air conditioners A and B, and it is assumed that the multi-room air conditioners A1 and B are configured with the same equipment except for the installation location.

Multi-room air conditioners A and B generally have outdoor units 1. Refrigerant heat exchanger HE, heat storage tank STR.

First refrigerant transfer pump PMI, three indoor units (3a.

6b and 6C, the outdoor unit 1 includes a compressor 2, a four-way valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an outdoor blower 9, and an expansion valve 5, and the refrigerant heat exchanger HE includes a first heat exchange section 14. ．． Consisting of a second heat exchange section 15 and a three-way valve V3, a multi-room air conditioner A,
B's heat storage tank 5TRa.

5TRb each consists of a first heat exchanger 12, a second heat exchanger 13, and three-way valves V1 and V2 filled with a heat storage material 11, and the three indoor units 6a, 6b, and 6c are indoor heat exchangers. 8ay 8b, 80% flow rate control valve 7at 7bt 7
0% and the indoor blower 10a.

It is composed of 10b and 10c. Here, regarding the second heat exchanger 13 of the heat storage tank, 13a is used for the multi-room air conditioner A, and 13b is used for the multi-room air conditioner B.

In the above equipment configuration, the compressor 2, the four-way valve 3, the outdoor heat exchanger 4, the expansion valve 5, and the first heat exchange section 14 of the refrigerant heat exchanger.
, and the first heat exchanger 12 in the heat storage tank are connected to form a primary side refrigeration cycle, and the first heat exchange section 14 of the refrigerant heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger 12 in the heat storage tank are connected via the three-way valve (3). 1 heat exchanger 12
are connected in parallel to the primary refrigeration cycle. Also,
The second heat exchange part 15 of the refrigerant heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger 12 in the heat storage tank, the first refrigerant transfer pump PMI, the indoor heat exchanger 8a+8b+8c1, and the flow rate control valves 7a + 7b
A secondary refrigeration cycle is formed by communicating r7c. Furthermore, the second heat exchanger 13 of each of the heat storage tanks 5TRa and 5TRb in the multi-room air conditioners A and B
A and 13b are communicated with each other via a second refrigerant transfer pump PM2 to form a heat transfer cycle.

Next, the operation of the configuration of the embodiment will be explained.

First, nighttime cold storage/thermal storage operation (primary side refrigeration cycle) will be explained.

In advance, the next day's cooling or heating load curve is estimated regarding the sum of the heat loads of each room of the multi-room air conditioners A and H, and the cold storage or heat storage operation mode is determined. Assume that the load transition (load direction 11i[) is predicted as shown in FIG. 2. In Figure 2, Lmax is the maximum value of the sum of heat loads in each room.

Q m a x indicates the maximum capacity of the multi-room air conditioner.

In either operation mode, the three-way valve V1゜V2
The three-way valve (3) is designed so that the primary refrigeration cycle and the heat exchanger 12 of the heat storage tank STR communicate with each other, and the three-way valve (3) is designed so that the primary refrigeration cycle and the first heat exchange section 14 of the refrigerant heat exchanger do not communicate with each other. , the first refrigerant transfer pump PMI in the secondary refrigeration cycle
, and a second refrigerant transfer pump PM2 in the heat transfer cycle.
has stopped.

The operation of the primary refrigeration cycle for each of the above operation modes (cool storage/heat storage) will be explained below.

Regarding the mode of the four-way valve 3, the compressor 2 discharge side and the outdoor heat exchanger 4 are connected, and the compressor 2 suction side and the heat storage tank S
A cooling mode is defined as the case where the compressor 2 is communicated with the heat storage tank 5TFL, and a heating mode is defined as a case where the compressor 2 discharge side and the heat storage tank 5TFL are communicated with each other, and the compressor 2 suction side and the outdoor heat exchanger 4 are communicated with each other.

(1) Cold storage mode Four-way valve 3: Cooling mode, expansion valve 5: Predetermined opening degree.

At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant sent from the compressor 2 is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 4, reduced in pressure by the expansion valve 5, and becomes a liquid or two-phase state, and then transferred to the first heat exchanger in the heat storage tank STR. 1
After being evaporated in the pipe of No. 2 and absorbing heat from the heat storage material 11 (cold storage operation), it returns to the compressor 2.

(2) Heat storage mode Four-way valve 3: heating mode, expansion valve 5: fully open.

At this time, the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant sent from the compressor 2 is condensed in the pipes of the heat exchanger 12 in the heat storage tank STR and radiates heat to the heat storage material 11 (thermal storage operation), after which the pressure is reduced by the expansion valve 5. It becomes a liquid or two-phase state, evaporates in the tubes of the outdoor heat exchanger 4, and returns to the compressor 2.

Next, daytime driving will be explained. At this time, the first heat exchanger 12 in the heat storage tank is communicated with the secondary refrigeration cycle by switching the three-way valves Vl and V2 in the heat storage tank.

(1) In each of the multi-room air conditioners A and B, (total value of heat load of each room) ≦ (output capacity of heat storage tank) In this case, for example, in Fig. 2, A's time τO~
The case of times τO to τ2 of τ1 and B will be explained. a primary side refrigeration cycle communicating with the refrigerant heat exchanger HE, and
The heat transfer cycle is not operated, and only the secondary refrigeration cycle is operated. That is, the cold heat or warm heat stored in the heat storage material 11 in the heat storage tanks 5TRa and 5TRb during the night is heat exchanged with the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle via the first heat exchanger 12 of the heat storage tank. By transporting the refrigerant to the indoor heat exchangers 8a, 8b, and 8C of each indoor unit by the first refrigerant transport pump PM1 and exchanging heat with the indoor air, each room is cooled or heated.

(2) For each of the multi-room air conditioners A and B, (total value of heat load in each room) > (output capacity of heat storage tank) > (total value of heat load in each room) ≦ (maximum Air conditioning capacity Qmax)
(However, (maximum air conditioning capacity Qmax) = (output capacity of heat storage tank) + (output capacity of primary refrigeration cycle)) In this case, for example, from time τ1 at A in Fig. 2 τ
3. τ4-τ7. Time τ2 to τ5 in B. τ6～τ
This corresponds to case 7, and the heat transfer cycle is not operated in this case as well, but since the output of the heat storage tank STR alone cannot cope with the load, the three-way valve V3 of the refrigerant heat exchanger HE transfers the first heat of the refrigerant heat exchanger. The primary side refrigeration cycle with which the exchange part 14 is communicated, the second heat exchange part 15 of the refrigerant heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger 12 in the heat storage tank, the first refrigerant transfer pump PMI, and the indoor heat exchanger 8a, 8b, 8c, flow control valve 7a.

The secondary refrigeration cycle consisting of 7bl and 7c is operated, that is, the cold heat (warm heat) stored in the heat storage material 11 in the heat storage tank at night is transferred to the second heat exchanger 13a in the heat storage tank.

13b, heat exchanges with the refrigerant in the secondary refrigeration cycle, and in addition, heat exchanges with the refrigerant in the primary refrigeration cycle in the second heat exchange section 15 of the refrigerant heat exchanger, and the refrigerant is transferred to the second refrigeration cycle. 1 Indoor heat exchanger 8at of each indoor unit with refrigerant transfer pump PMI
By conveying the air to 8b and 8c and exchanging heat with indoor air, each room is cooled or heated. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of power used during the day by using the nighttime power, and it is also possible to compensate for the lack of capacity in the secondary refrigeration cycle, and it is possible to prevent the comfort in each room from being impaired.

(3) Among multi-room air conditioners A and B, multi-room air conditioner A has insufficient capacity, that is, (total value of heat load of each room)〉(maximum air conditioning capacity Qmax)
For example, in the case of time τ3 to τ4 at A in FIG. 2, in the multi-room air conditioners A and B,
At the same time, the primary side and secondary side refrigeration cycle operation similar to the daytime operation in (2) is performed, and at the same time, multi-room air conditioners A and B
In each of the second heat storage tanks 5TRa and 5TRb,
M exchanger 13a.

Using a heat transfer cycle in which the 13b are communicated with each other via the second refrigerant transfer pump PM2, the cold (hot) heat in the heat storage tank 5TRb of the multi-room air conditioner B with excess capacity is transferred via the refrigerant to the second refrigerant transfer pump PM2. The refrigerant is transported by the refrigerant transport pump PM2 to the heat storage tank 5TRa of the multi-room air conditioner A, which has insufficient capacity.

Therefore, the heat storage tank 5 of the multi-room air conditioner A, which lacks capacity,
It is possible to increase the cold storage (heat>-m) of TRa, and therefore, it is possible to compensate for the lack of capacity in the secondary side refrigeration cycle of the multi-room air conditioner A, and it is possible to prevent the comfort from being impaired. This is the same effect that can be said for the case of time τ5 to 6 in the multi-room air conditioner B.

In addition, in terms of designing air conditioning equipment, the sum of the heat loads that occur simultaneously in the rooms connected to each of the multi-room air conditioners A and B may be used as the design load value, that is, the peak of the heat load. If the values occur at different times, multi-room air conditioner A
, B alone is smaller than the sum of the design load values (peak values of heat loads), the equipment can be made smaller, the power contract cost with the electric power company can be reduced, and more economical equipment design is possible.

Furthermore, when adding an indoor unit, this can be done by increasing the amount of cold storage heat stored in the heat storage tank, which increases expandability and design freedom.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a refrigerant heat exchanger that includes a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a switching valve, and a refrigerant heat exchanger that includes a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a switching valve. a heat storage tank, a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a first heat exchange part of the refrigerant heat exchanger,
and a primary side refrigeration cycle formed by communicating a first heat exchanger of the heat storage tank, a second heat exchange section of the refrigerant heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger in the heat storage tank, and a first refrigerant conveyance. A pump, a plurality of indoor heat exchangers, and a flow control valve are connected to each other.
A plurality of multi-chamber air conditioners consisting of a next-side refrigeration cycle are installed, and a second heat storage tank of each of the multi-chamber air conditioners is installed.
By providing a heat transfer cycle in which the heat exchangers are communicated with each other via the second refrigerant transfer pump, the following effects can be achieved.

1) By storing cold heat using nighttime electricity, heating or cooling operation can be performed during the day, which can significantly reduce operating costs. 2) To increase the amount of cold heat stored in the heat storage tank of a multi-room air conditioner, which lacks capacity. Therefore, the lack of capacity in the secondary side refrigeration cycle of the multi-room air conditioner can be compensated for, and comfort can be prevented from being impaired.

8) In terms of designing air conditioning equipment, the design load value may be the sum of the heat loads generated simultaneously in the rooms connected to each of the multiple multi-room air conditioners. It is smaller than the sum of the design load value (peak value of heat load) of the air conditioners alone, making it possible to downsize the equipment, reduce contract power costs with electric power companies, and enable more economical equipment design. .

4) When increasing the number of indoor units or units, this can be done by increasing the amount of cold storage heat stored in the heat storage tank, increasing expandability and design freedom.

As a result of the above effects, it is possible to provide a thermal storage air conditioning system that can transfer heat between the thermal storage tanks of each multi-room air conditioner by utilizing nighttime power.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a refrigeration system diagram of a multi-room air conditioner showing a heat storage air conditioning system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a refrigeration system diagram of an air conditioning system showing a conventional example. 2... Compressor, 3... Four-way valve, 4... Outdoor heat exchanger, 5... Expansion valve, 7 a 17 b + 7QI
l*Flow jl control valve, 8a, 8b, 8c... Indoor heat exchanger, 11... Heat storage material, 12... First heat exchanger of heat storage tank, 13a, 13b... Second of heat storage tank heat exchanger, 1
4... First heat exchange section of refrigerant heat exchanger, 15... Second heat exchange section of refrigerant heat exchanger, HE... Refrigerant heat exchanger, 5
TRa, 5TRb・・Thermal storage tank, PMI...1st refrigerant transfer pump, PM2・2nd refrigerant transfer pump, Vl. V2゜v3 ・・Three-way valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A refrigerant heat exchanger equipped with a first heat exchange part, a second heat exchange part, and a switching valve, a heat storage tank equipped with a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a switching valve, a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor side a heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a first heat exchange section of the refrigerant heat exchanger, and a first heat exchange section of the heat storage tank.
a primary side refrigeration cycle formed by communicating a heat exchanger, a second heat exchange section of the refrigerant heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger in the heat storage tank, a first refrigerant transfer pump, and a plurality of indoor sides. A plurality of multi-chamber air conditioners each consisting of a secondary refrigeration cycle formed by communicating a heat exchanger and a flow control valve are installed, and the second heat exchanger of the heat storage tank of each of the multi-chamber air conditioners is mutually connected. A heat storage air conditioning system equipped with a heat transfer cycle in which the refrigerant is communicated via a second refrigerant transfer pump.