JPH039059B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a wood chip cement board for construction, which is used for the interior and exterior walls of houses and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a wood waste cement board for construction, which is manufactured by stirring wood chips, a hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material, or wood chips, a hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material, and shells, and then compression-molding the mixture. [Prior art] Panels for exterior walls, interior walls, floors, etc. of houses are
A large number of systems have been proposed and used depending on the material. Among these, wood wool cement boards, wood chip cement boards, wood wool gypsum cement boards, etc., which are made of wood and a hydraulic binder, are known.
Wood wool or wood chip cement boards are made by shredding wood into wood wool or wood chips, mixing them with a hydraulic binder, pressing them into a panel shape, and then curing and drying them. Fine sawdust is produced when cutting wood at sawmills, woodworking shops, etc. Saw dust has a small particle size and has no use, so it is used as fuel and otherwise discarded. However, in recent years, the use of wood as fuel has become less common, and wood is now disposed of in landfills. This landfill site is also becoming smaller and becoming a social problem. Similarly, shells such as scallops have no use and are used in landfills. JP-A-53-111377 describes a method for manufacturing a building board in which wood wool is partially crushed and cut and mixed with a hydraulic binder at the same time. This wood wool is
Average length 100~1000mm, width 2.5~15mm, thickness 0.3
~1.5 mm of wood wool is partially crushed using a crushing mixer into average lengths of 50 to 200 mm, widths of 2 to 10 mm, and thicknesses of 0.3 to 1 mm. Or average length 50-200mm, width 5
~50mm, 0.3~3mm thick wood pieces are partially crushed by a crushing mixer with an average length of 10~100mm and a width of 5~20mm.
The material is crushed and cut to a thickness of 0.3 to 2 mm. JP-A No. 47-14927 discloses that a hard layer is formed on the surface of a wood wool cement board using a filler made of cement with a synthetic resin emulsion added and a ground coating material, and a textured pattern surface is formed on the surface of the hard layer. describes a decorative wood wool cement board coated with a transparent top coat. JP-A-57-166358 describes a method for producing decorative building materials using shells. After washing the shells, mechanically crushing them and sifting them to make the grains, mix white cement, lime and shell grains, add water and knead, put this into a specified mold and pack it while applying vibration, and immediately In this method, a decorative building material is produced by cutting out a mold, drying it, and spraying a mist of water onto the surface of the building material when the surface is slightly hardened, and drying it for about one week. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The method described in JP-A-53-111377 involves crushing and cutting wood using a disk integrator, which requires a lot of man-hours.
Furthermore, since the particles are relatively coarse, the spaces between the particles become large and the strength becomes weak. The method described in JP-A-47-14927 involves adding emulsion to cement, which requires a lot of man-hours and is expensive.
Becomes sensitive to heat. On the other hand, even if sawdust (the same goes for fine wood chips) is used for the above-mentioned wood wool cement board, the particle size is small and the surface area increases, so the adhesive force between the sawdust and the sawdust is weak. If this adhesive strength is weak, this will result in a decrease in bending stress and compressive strength of the panel. The fibers are short because of sawdust, and the strength of the wood fibers cannot be used. Therefore, even if wood wool cement boards were manufactured from sawdust using conventional cement, it was not possible to produce a board that could be put to practical use. Furthermore, in JP-A-57-166358, the decorative building material is applied only to the surface of the building material, and the entire shell is not fully utilized. The present invention was invented focusing on these problems, and aims at the following points. An object of the present invention is to provide a wood waste cement board that uses fine sawdust or sawdust-like fine wood chips discarded at sawmills and the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple wood chip cement board that uses discarded fine wood chips in the form of sawdust and a hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material that has finer particles than usual. Another object of the present invention is to provide a seashell cement board made from wood chips that utilizes waste seashells. [Means for solving the problem] The following measures are taken to solve the problem. The first means is a wood chip cement board made of wood chips, hydraulic ultrafine hardening material, etc., wherein the wood chips are saw chips or saw chips having a maximum particle size of 10 mm, a minimum particle size of 0.05 mm, and an average particle size of 1.2 mm. 1 part by weight of crushed wood and cement 1.2 in which the hydraulic ultrafine curing material has a maximum particle size of 10μ, a minimum particle size of 1μ, and an average particle size of 4μ.
-2 parts by weight, an appropriate amount of a hardening accelerator for accelerating the hardening of the hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material, and a surface protection material containing mortar on one or both sides of the wood chip cement board. The second means is a wood waste cement board composed of wood chips, hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material, shells, etc., and the wood chips have a maximum particle size of 10 mm, a minimum particle size of 0.05 mm, and an average particle size of 1.2 mm. 1 part by weight of sawdust or crushed wood, and cement 1.2 in which the hydraulic ultrafine hardening agent has a maximum particle size of 10μ, a minimum particle size of 1μ, and an average particle size of 4μ.
~2 parts by weight, 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of shells having a maximum particle size of 20 mm, a minimum particle size of 5 mm, and an average particle size of 15 mm, and an appropriate amount to accelerate curing of the hydraulic ultrafine particle curing material. This wood chips cement board is made of a hardening accelerator and a surface protection material containing mortar on one or both sides of the wood chips cement board. The materials used in the present invention are as follows.
However, the following materials indicate the ranges used in the examples described later. The present invention selectively uses one or more of the following materials as necessary, and does not use all of the following materials. (1) Wood chips: The wood chips have a maximum particle size of 10 mm, a minimum particle size of 0.05 mm, and an average particle size of 1.2 mm. Any type of wood may be used as long as it is made of lauan wood, cedar, cypress, Japanese pine, etc. Preferably,
Although it is sawdust discharged from sawmills and woodworking factories, it can also be made by crushing waste wood, scraps, etc. (2) Hydraulic ultrafine particle curing material; conventional Portland cement may be used as long as it has the particle size shown below. Preferably, it is not Portland cement but has the following particle size and composition.

【table】

[Table] The purpose of using the hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material, which is a feature of the present invention, is that the sized ultrafine particle material mixes well with the fine irregularities on the particle surface of wood chips, and the hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material removes wood chips. It helps to bond things together and increases the strength against bending. Moreover, since no ingredients are used that are harmful to wood, it will not be damaged. Use 1.2 to 2 times (weight ratio) of water-resistant ultrafine particle hardening material to 1 part of wood chips. Desirably, it is about 1.4 times. (3) Seashells: There are no restrictions on the type of shells, including scallops and oyster shells. Any size is fine. Preferably, the following size is good. Maximum particle size
Particle sizes of 20 mm, minimum particle size of 5 mm, and average particle size of 15 mm are desirable. Using shells is superior to wood chips alone in improving strength, heat resistance, and fire resistance. It can also be used as waste shells. (4) Curing accelerator: Any known accelerator may be used as long as it cures the hydraulic binder. Preferably, a 3% aqueous solution of calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) described below is used.

[Table] Hardening accelerators are used to accelerate the hardening of hardening materials when mixed with wood chips. The amount of the aqueous solution containing 3% or less of calcium chloride should be 35% to 40% of (wood chips + hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material). Desirably, it is about 35%. Note that if calcium chloride is too concentrated, the formwork will rust, and if it is too thin, the hardening material will be difficult to harden, so it is practically preferable to keep it at 3% or less, which is about the value shown in the table above. (5) Surface protection material: Any known mortar such as JIS mortar may be used. By protecting the surface of the wood waste cement board, the surface protection material prevents external influences from directly affecting the wood waste cement. The strength is also about twice that of wood chip cement board alone. The wood chip cement board may be used alone, but if necessary from the viewpoint of strength or aesthetics, protect one or both sides of the wood chip cement board with a surface protection material. If there are multiple layers, add it to the middle as well. Surface protection material is not necessary if the panel emphasizes heat insulation. Mainly used for exterior wall panels. (6) Antifoaming agent Use 0.3% antifoaming agent for 1 part of surface protection material. However, the antifoaming material is not necessarily necessary, and if used, foam will not be generated when the surface protection material is used. (7) Colorants Colorants are mixed with surface protection materials to improve their appearance. However, colorants are not always necessary and are used only when aesthetics are required. (8) Water 1:1 of surface protection material: 18.0% water. The purpose of water is to harden the surface protection material. In the present invention, the density of the wood chip cement board can vary depending on the compression load, but preferably, if it is used as a heat insulating material, it may be compressed to an average of 5.5 Kgf/cm ² . It is desirable that the compressive load be approximately 5.5Kgf/cm ² . Lowering it below this will make it lighter, but the strength will drop. In order to improve bending strength and moisture resistance as an exterior wall material, it is desirable to use approximately 10 kgf/cm ² . The method of applying the compressive load is selected depending on the type of wood chips, the purpose of the wood chip cement board, the thickness, etc. Compressive load is applied continuously using a flat press or rolls. Note that if a load is applied more than necessary, the CaCl ₂ aqueous solution mixed with the wood chips will seep out due to compression. [Effects of the Invention] As a result of employing the above-mentioned means, the wood chip cement board of the first invention has the following effects. (a) Wood chips and hardened materials produced during wood processing are mixed together and compressed, but since the wood chips are coarse, there are countless very fine gaps on the surface and inside.
Excellent heat insulation properties. (b) It is made by mixing wood chips with hardening material and compressing it, but it is difficult to transmit sound or vibration and has excellent soundproofing properties. (c) Because it is made from a mixture of wood chips and hardening material produced during wood processing, it weighs about half as much as a conventional flat plate of the same size made only of concrete. (d) In the case of double-sided or single-sided protection, the particles of the surface protective material are very fine, so it has great adhesion to the wood chips. (e) Highly water resistant if protected on both sides or on one side;
It is also extremely resistant to the effects of salt damage. (f) Because it is a mixture of wood chips and hardening material, it has excellent fire resistance, and in fire resistance tests, it does not catch fire up to 600 degrees Celsius. The wood waste cement board of the second invention has the following effects. (a) The construction method uses compression processing, but because the wood chips are coarse-grained, there are countless very fine gaps on the surface and inside, making it excellent in insulation and heat retention. (b) Fine wood chips are used, but by mixing crushed shells, the internal bonding strength is increased, and the bending strength is increased and the thickness can be made thinner than in the case of a board made only of wood chips. (c) In terms of weight, wood chips and shells are used;
It is about half the size of a conventional concrete plate of the same size. (d) Most of the components of seashells are calcium, which increases their strength and has excellent heat resistance. (e) No particular processing is required for each material, and the overall dimensions and thickness can be freely changed depending on the usage conditions by simply changing the amounts mixed together. [Example] Wood chips cement board Example 1 Lauan wood chips (maximum particle size 10 mm, minimum particle size 0.05
mm, average particle diameter 1.2 mm) is 1, and the amount of hydraulic ultrafine particle curing material [manufactured by Nippon Steel Cement Co., Ltd., trade name: Super Fine] is 1.4 times that amount (weight ratio), calcium chloride 3 % aqueous solution [manufactured by Kanto Kagaku Co., Ltd., specific gravity 1.021]
38% of the total amount (wood chips + hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material)
Mix in proportions by weight. First, mix the wood chips and the injection material for 2 minutes using an omnimixer, then add the calcium chloride aqueous solution and mix for another 4 minutes. Put this into a mold (30 x 30 x 4 cm, surface area 900 cm ² ), add the amount according to the size, and cover it.
Compress at 5t (unit area 5.5KGf/cm ² ). If you compress it once, there is a force that tries to return to the wood chips, so repeat it several times or apply a static load until the condition calms down. After that, it was tightened in a formwork for 5 hours, removed from the mold,
Cured flat and stored in dry air. Example 2 The amount of lauan wood waste (same as in Example 1 above) is 1
In contrast, the amount of hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material (same as in Example 1) was 1.4 times that amount, and the total amount of (wood chips + hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material) 3% calcium chloride aqueous solution (same as in Example 1) was Mix the wood chips and hardening material with an omni mixer for 2 minutes, then add the calcium chloride aqueous solution and mix for another 4 minutes to make A similar to Example 1. Next, for surface protection, high-performance pre-mortar,
Particle size 1μ to 300μ, average 15μ (manufactured by Nippon Steel Cement Co., Ltd.,
Prepare surface protection material B by mixing NEM-A) 1 with 0.3% antifoaming agent, 0.5% colorant, and 18% water. In the case of double-sided or single-sided protection, first pour B into the formwork, then pour A on top of it in an amount according to the size of the formwork, cover with a lid, and compress with 5 tons. If you compress it once, there is a force that will force the wood chips to return, so repeat it several times until it settles down. After that, it is tied for 5 hours, and if it has a double-sided protective finish, it is poured over it. Next, it is removed from the mold, laid flat, and stored in dry air. Example 1 of wood chips, shell cement board and its manufacturing method 1 The amount of lauan wood chips (same as in Example 1 of the wood chip cement board described above) is 1, and the amount of crushed seashells (scallops) is 30%. The amount of the hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material is 1.4 times that amount, and the amount is 38% of the amount of the 3% calcium chloride aqueous solution (wood chips + hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material + seashells). First, the wood chips and shells are mixed in an omni mixer for 2 minutes. Mix. Furthermore, add the hydraulic ultrafine particle curing material and mix for 2 minutes. Next, add the curing accelerator and mix for another 4 minutes to make A. Put the amount of A calculated according to the size into a mold (1 same as in the example), cover with a lid, and compress with 3 to 4 tons. The force of trying to return to wood chips is strong, so keep compressing it repeatedly or by applying a static load until it settles down and check the condition. After that, they tied up for about 5 hours,
Demould, cure flatly and store in dry air. [Other Examples] In all of the examples described above, the wood chips were hardened without being pretreated. However, wood contains a large amount of organic substances such as water-soluble sugars, and these organic substances are eluted when mixed with cement and inhibit the hardening of cement. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-treat the wood chips to prevent the cement from curing poorly and to improve the board's various properties such as flame retardancy. In this example, a treatment method such as tris chloroethyl phosphate as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-27343 was adopted. However, other known techniques may be used instead of this processing method. [Test Results] The bending strength test results of the present invention were as shown in the following table. Test results The bending strength test results are shown below.

According to the bending test method in [Table].

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A wood chips cement board composed of wood chips, hydraulic ultrafine hardening material, etc., wherein the wood chips have a maximum particle size of 10 mm, a minimum particle size of 0.05 mm, and an average particle size of 1.2 mm. 1 part by weight of sawdust or crushed wood, and cement 1.2 in which the hydraulic ultrafine curing material has a maximum particle size of 10μ, a minimum particle size of 1μ, and an average particle size of 4μ.
- 2 parts by weight; an appropriate amount of a hardening accelerator for accelerating hardening of the hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material; and a surface protection material containing mortar on one or both sides of the wood chip cement board. 2 A wood waste cement board composed of wood chips, hydraulic ultrafine particle hardening material, shells, etc., where the wood chips are sawdust or crushed wood with a maximum particle size of 10 mm, a minimum particle size of 0.05 mm, and an average particle size of 1.2 mm. 1 part by weight of cement, the hydraulic ultrafine particle curing material has a maximum particle size of 10μ, a minimum particle size of 1μ, and an average particle size of 4μ.
~2 parts by weight, 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of seashells having a maximum particle size of 20 mm, a minimum particle size of 5 mm, and an average particle size of 15 mm, and an appropriate amount to accelerate curing of the hydraulic ultrafine particle curing material. A wood chips cement board comprising: a hardening accelerator; and a surface protection material containing mortar on one or both sides of the wood chips cement board.