JPH039005Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH039005Y2 JPH039005Y2 JP910585U JP910585U JPH039005Y2 JP H039005 Y2 JPH039005 Y2 JP H039005Y2 JP 910585 U JP910585 U JP 910585U JP 910585 U JP910585 U JP 910585U JP H039005 Y2 JPH039005 Y2 JP H039005Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- photoconductor
- heater
- smoke concentration
- light
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020068 MgAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Optical Measuring Cells (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本考案は、内燃機関、特にディーゼルエンジン
の排気ガスのスモーク濃度を測定する光転写式ス
モーク濃度センサ、主として測定用送受光ヘッド
に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an optical transfer type smoke concentration sensor for measuring the smoke concentration of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, particularly a diesel engine, and mainly relates to a measuring light transmitting/receiving head.
ガス流路を横断する測定光路の始端に発光器を
設け、その終端に受光器を設けて、測定光路に横
切って流れるガスの煙濃度を測定し得るようにな
した光学式スモーク濃度装定装置は知られている
（例えば、特開昭56−129842号）。また、デイーゼ
ルエンジン排気通路内にスモーク濃度検出器を設
け、その検出結果に基いて燃料供給を制御するこ
とも提案されている（例えば、特開昭59−100841
号、特開昭59−101554号）。この種の光透過方式
のスモーク濃度センサにおいて、光伝導体の表面
が排気ガス中にさらされているため、排気ガス中
に含まれるカーボン等のデポジツトによて汚れる
が、この汚れの防止策として、ヒータを取り付
け、このヒータに通電することにより、カーボン
等のデポジツトを焼却除去する方法が有効であ
る。しかし、ヒータにより、光伝導体表面を加熱
するオイルタンク、表面から遠ざけてヒータを取
り付ける（例えば、特開昭59−100841号）と、光
伝導体表面のカーボンの温度を700℃以上に上昇
させることが困難で、カーボン等のデポジツトを
完全に焼いて除去することが困難となる。
An optical smoke concentration measuring device that is equipped with a light emitter at the starting end of a measurement optical path that crosses a gas flow path, and a light receiver at the end of the optical path to measure the smoke concentration of gas flowing across the measurement optical path. is known (for example, JP-A-56-129842). It has also been proposed to install a smoke concentration detector in the diesel engine exhaust passage and control fuel supply based on the detection results (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-100841
No., Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-101554). In this type of light transmission type smoke density sensor, the surface of the photoconductor is exposed to exhaust gas, so it becomes dirty with deposits such as carbon contained in the exhaust gas. An effective method is to attach a heater and energize the heater to incinerate and remove deposits such as carbon. However, if an oil tank is used to heat the photoconductor surface using a heater, and if the heater is installed away from the surface (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-100841), the temperature of the carbon on the photoconductor surface will rise to over 700℃. This makes it difficult to completely burn off and remove deposits such as carbon.
本考案は、光伝導体の表面に直接ヒータを取り
付けることにより、光伝導体の表面に付着したカ
ーボン等のデポジツトを直接加熱でき、低電力で
デポジツトを焼いて除去し、光伝導体の「汚れ」
を容易に防止できるようにすることである。
By attaching a heater directly to the surface of the photoconductor, the present invention can directly heat deposits such as carbon attached to the surface of the photoconductor, and burns and removes the deposits with low power, removing dirt from the photoconductor. ”
The goal is to make it easy to prevent this.
このような問題点を解決するために、本考案で
は、一側の光伝導体の端部より送光し、他側の光
伝導体の端部で受光することにより、両光伝導体
の間隔を横断する内燃機関の排気ガスのスモーク
濃度を測定する光透過式のスモーク濃度測定装置
において、前記光伝導体を線熱膨脹係数の大きな
ガラスで構成し、排気ガスのデポジツトの必着し
やすい光伝導体の光伝導体に白金を抵抗パターン
として焼き付けたヒータを形成し、該ヒータ上に
スピネルのコーテイング層を設けたことを特徴と
する内燃機関のスモーク濃度センサが提供され
る。
In order to solve these problems, the present invention transmits light from the end of one photoconductor and receives light from the end of the other photoconductor, thereby reducing the distance between the two photoconductors. In a light transmission type smoke concentration measurement device for measuring the smoke concentration of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine that crosses the A smoke concentration sensor for an internal combustion engine is provided, characterized in that a heater is formed by baking platinum as a resistance pattern on a photoconductor, and a spinel coating layer is provided on the heater.
次に、添付図面を参照して本考案の実施例を説
明する。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
まず、最初第３図において本考案のスモーク濃
度センサ１を排気管２０に装着したところを示
す。センサ１の送受光ヘツド１０は耐熱ステンレ
ス鋼等から成る例えば中空円柱状のケーシング１
２を有し、フランジ１４等から成る取付部を介し
て例えば植込みボルト１６とナツト１８を用いて
排気管２０に装着される。ケーシング１２は内側
端部２２と外側端部２４を有し、前者２２は排気
管２０の取付孔２６を挿通して排気管２０内に延
長する。 First, in FIG. 3, the smoke concentration sensor 1 of the present invention is shown mounted on an exhaust pipe 20. The light transmitting/receiving head 10 of the sensor 1 is made of, for example, a hollow cylindrical casing 1 made of heat-resistant stainless steel or the like.
2, and is attached to the exhaust pipe 20 using, for example, a stud bolt 16 and a nut 18 via a mounting portion comprising a flange 14 or the like. The casing 12 has an inner end 22 and an outer end 24, the former 22 extending into the exhaust pipe 20 through a mounting hole 26 of the exhaust pipe 20.
ケーシング１２には内側端部２２の近傍におい
て略Ｕ字形断面の切欠き２８が設けてあり、この
切欠き２８はケーシング１２の長軸に対し横断方
向（第１図の紙面に垂直）に延長している。ケー
シング１２内には、ケーシングの長軸に平行でか
つ互いに平行な２本の線熱膨脹係数の大きなガラ
ス、例えば「バイコアガラス」（商標名）から成
る光伝導体３０，３２が設けてあり、例えば「ア
ロンセラミツク」（商標名）の様な充填材３４で
保持されている。第３図の符号３１の部分は光伝
導体３０，３２を保持するためのセラミツク接着
剤である。一方の光伝導体３０はケーシング１２
の外側端部２４からＵ字形切欠き２８の外側側壁
３６の近くまで延長しており、他方光伝導体３２
は外側端部２４から内側側壁３８の下方近傍まで
延長している。内側端部２２の近傍には光伝導体
３２の内側端に隣接して、前述と同様の線熱膨脹
係数の大きなガラス、例えば「バイコアガラス」
（商標名）から成る光学プリズム４０が設けてあ
り、光伝導体３０と光伝導体３２とがこのプリズ
ム４０を介して１つの光路を形成する様になつて
いる。この光路は切欠き２８によつて切断されて
おり、この切欠２８は光路の欠損部を構成してい
る。この欠損部の長さは約20mmにするのが好まし
い。プリズム４０は光伝導体３０，３２を互いに
光学的に接続するための手段を構成するもので、
このプリズム４０に代えて可撓性の光フアイバ
（図示せず）を用いてもよい。 The casing 12 is provided with a cutout 28 of generally U-shaped cross section near the inner end 22, which cutout 28 extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the casing 12 (perpendicular to the plane of the paper of FIG. 1). ing. Inside the casing 12, there are provided two photoconductors 30 and 32 made of glass having a large coefficient of linear thermal expansion, such as "Bicore glass" (trade name), which are parallel to the long axis of the casing and parallel to each other. It is held in place by a filler material 34, such as "Aron Ceramic" (trade name). A portion 31 in FIG. 3 is a ceramic adhesive for holding the photoconductors 30, 32. One photoconductor 30 is connected to the casing 12
extends from the outer end 24 of the photoconductor 32 to near the outer sidewall 36 of the U-shaped notch 28 .
extends from the outer end 24 to near the bottom of the inner sidewall 38. In the vicinity of the inner end portion 22, adjacent to the inner end of the photoconductor 32, a glass having a large coefficient of linear thermal expansion similar to that described above, such as "bicore glass" is placed.
An optical prism 40 made of (trade name) is provided, such that the photoconductor 30 and the photoconductor 32 form an optical path through the prism 40. This optical path is cut off by a notch 28, and this notch 28 constitutes a defective portion of the optical path. Preferably, the length of this defect is approximately 20 mm. The prism 40 constitutes a means for optically connecting the photoconductors 30 and 32 to each other,
Instead of this prism 40, a flexible optical fiber (not shown) may be used.
光伝導体３０の内側端面およびプリズム４０の
表面に、排気ガス中のカーボン等のデポジツトが
付着堆積して光線の透過の障害となるのを防止す
るため、白金（Pt）抵抗体のヒータ４２，４３
のパターンを形成し、ケーシング１２内を貫通す
る導線４４，４５を介してこれらのヒータに通電
してデポジツトを焼却し得るようにする。 In order to prevent deposits such as carbon in the exhaust gas from adhering and accumulating on the inner end face of the photoconductor 30 and the surface of the prism 40 and becoming an obstacle to the transmission of light, a heater 42 made of platinum (Pt) resistor is installed. 43
A pattern is formed and the heaters are energized via conductive wires 44 and 45 passing through the casing 12 so that the deposit can be incinerated.
このような白金（Pt）抵抗体ヒータ４２，４
３のパターンは、第１図および第２図に示すよう
に、光伝導体３０の端面（又は同じく光伝導体で
あるプリズム４０の表面）の同囲部にジグザグ形
状で輪を描くように、公知の厚膜技術により直接
焼き付けることができる。更に、本考案では、こ
のヒータ４２の保護のために白金パターン上にス
ピネル（MgAl204）のコーテイング層５０を形
成する。光伝導体３０の直径が約２〜３mm程度で
あるのに対し、白金抵抗体ヒータ４２の厚さは約
１〜3μm程度、スピネルコーテイング層５０の厚
さは100μm程度であるのが望ましい。また、ヒー
タ４２を形成する光伝導体３０の表面は20μm程
度の粗面にしておき、ヒータ４２の白金抵抗体パ
ターンの表面積を出来るだけ大きくするのが望ま
しい。なお、プリズム４０の表面に形成したヒー
タ４３についても同様である。 Such platinum (Pt) resistor heaters 42, 4
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pattern No. 3 is formed by drawing a ring in a zigzag shape around the same area of the end face of the photoconductor 30 (or the surface of the prism 40, which is also a photoconductor). It can be baked directly using known thick film techniques. Furthermore, in the present invention, a coating layer 50 of spinel (MgAl 2 04) is formed on the platinum pattern to protect the heater 42 . While the diameter of the photoconductor 30 is about 2 to 3 mm, the thickness of the platinum resistor heater 42 is preferably about 1 to 3 μm, and the thickness of the spinel coating layer 50 is preferably about 100 μm. Further, it is preferable that the surface of the photoconductor 30 forming the heater 42 be roughened to about 20 μm so that the surface area of the platinum resistor pattern of the heater 42 is made as large as possible. Note that the same applies to the heater 43 formed on the surface of the prism 40.
光伝導体を形成している「バイコアガラス」
（商標名）は耐熱性（約900℃以上）、耐薬品性に
優れ、線熱膨脹係数αが平均４×10-6で、ヒータ
４２，４３を形成している白金（pt）の線熱膨脹
係数（α＝10×10-6）に比較的近く、従つて通
電、燃焼時の熱衝撃により白金抵抗体のパターン
が光伝導体から剥離する等の問題は発生しにくく
なる。ちなみに、一般の石英ガラスの線熱膨脹係
数αは0.5×10-6であり、白金との差が大きい。
また、白金（pt）の抵抗体は化学的に安定してお
り、排気ガスによるシリンダリング（凝集）や腐
食も少ない。しかも、本考案では、白金（pt）の
パターン上にスピネルのコーデイング層５０を形
成しているので、白金パターンは排気ガスによる
前述のシリンダリング（凝集）や腐食が更に防止
される。 "Bicore glass" that forms the photoconductor
(trade name) has excellent heat resistance (approximately 900℃ or higher) and chemical resistance, and has an average linear thermal expansion coefficient α of 4 × 10 -6 , which is the linear thermal expansion coefficient of platinum (PT) that forms the heaters 42 and 43. (α=10×10 −6 ), therefore, problems such as peeling off of the platinum resistor pattern from the photoconductor due to thermal shock during energization and combustion are less likely to occur. By the way, the linear thermal expansion coefficient α of general silica glass is 0.5×10 -6 , which is significantly different from that of platinum.
In addition, platinum (PT) resistors are chemically stable and are less likely to cause cylinder ringing (agglomeration) or corrosion due to exhaust gas. Moreover, in the present invention, since the spinel coding layer 50 is formed on the platinum (PT) pattern, the platinum pattern is further prevented from being cylindrical (agglomerated) and corroded by the exhaust gas.
送受光ヘツド１０はコネクタ４６付きのケーブ
ル４８を介して発光素子（例えば、LED）（図示
せず）および受光素子（例えば、フオトダイオー
ド）（図示せず）に接続される。このため、ケー
シング１２の外側端部近傍においてその外周に溝
を設け、コネクタ４６をスナツプ嵌合する。ケー
ブル４８は夫々光伝導体３０，３２に光学接続す
る光フアイバ５４，５６を備えており、発光素子
（図示せず）からの光線が切欠き２８から成る測
定用ギヤツプを横切つて受光素子（図示せず）に
回帰する様になつている。光線は測定用ギヤツプ
を流れる排気ガスのスモーク濃度に応じて吸収さ
れ、入射光と受光素子（図示ず）で受光した透過
光との強度の比によりスモーク濃度が検出され
る。このスモーク濃度に応じてデイーゼルエンジ
ンの燃料噴射量を電子的に制御することができ
る。なお、第３図の符号５１の部分は充填材３４
と同様のセラミツク充填材であり、また符号５３
はコネクタ４６のガイドロツク部分である。 The light transmitting/receiving head 10 is connected to a light emitting element (eg, an LED) (not shown) and a light receiving element (eg, a photodiode) (not shown) via a cable 48 with a connector 46. For this purpose, a groove is provided on the outer periphery of the casing 12 near its outer end, and the connector 46 is fitted therein with a snap. The cable 48 includes optical fibers 54, 56 for optical connection to the photoconductors 30, 32, respectively, so that the light beam from the light emitter (not shown) traverses the measurement gap consisting of the cutout 28 to the receiver element (not shown). (not shown). The light beam is absorbed according to the smoke concentration of the exhaust gas flowing through the measuring gap, and the smoke concentration is detected by the intensity ratio of the incident light and the transmitted light received by a light receiving element (not shown). The fuel injection amount of the diesel engine can be electronically controlled according to this smoke concentration. Incidentally, a portion 51 in FIG. 3 is a filler material 34.
It is a ceramic filling material similar to
is the guide lock portion of the connector 46.
本考案によれば、ヒータの通電してカーボン等
のデポジツトを焼却する際の熱衝撃により白金抵
抗体パターンのヒータが剥離又は短絡することが
少なく、かつヒータは排気ガスによつてシリンダ
リング（凝集）や腐食等の影響を受けないので、
光伝導体に直接ヒータを形成し、少電力でもつて
有効にデポジツトを焼却することができる。
According to the present invention, the platinum resistor pattern heater is less likely to peel off or short-circuit due to thermal shock when the heater is energized to incinerate deposits of carbon, etc. ) and corrosion, etc.
By forming a heater directly on the photoconductor, deposits can be effectively incinerated with low power.
第１図は本考案のスモーク濃度センサに用いる
光伝導体端部の側面断面図、第２図は第１図矢印
から見た図、第３図は本考案のスモーク濃度セ
ンサの断面図である。
１０……送受光ヘツド、１２……ケーシング、
１４……フランジ（取付部）、２０……排気管、
２２……ケーシングの内側端部、２４……ケーシ
ングの外側端部、２８……切欠き、３０，３２…
…光伝導体、４０……プリズム（光学的接続手
段）、４２，４３……白金ヒータ、４４，４５…
…導線、４６……コネクタ、４８……ケーブル、
５０……スピネルコーテイング層。
FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of the end of a photoconductor used in the smoke concentration sensor of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken from the arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the smoke concentration sensor of the present invention. . 10... Light transmitting/receiving head, 12... Casing,
14...flange (mounting part), 20...exhaust pipe,
22... Inner end of casing, 24... Outer end of casing, 28... Notch, 30, 32...
...Photoconductor, 40... Prism (optical connection means), 42, 43... Platinum heater, 44, 45...
...Conductor, 46...Connector, 48...Cable,
50... Spinel coating layer.
Claims (1)
導体の端部で受光することにより、両光伝導体の
間隔を横断する内燃機関の排気ガスのスモーク濃
度を測定する光透過方式のスモーク濃度測定装置
において、前記光伝導体を線熱膨脹係数の大きな
ガラスで構成し、排気ガスのデポジツトの必着し
やすい光伝導体の表面に白金を抵抗パターンとし
て焼き付けたヒータを形成し、該ヒータ上にスピ
ネルのコーテイング層を設けたことを特徴とする
内燃機関のスモーク濃度センサ。 Light is transmitted from the end of one photoconductor and received by the end of the other photoconductor to measure the smoke concentration of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine that traverses the gap between both photoconductors. In a transmission type smoke concentration measuring device, the photoconductor is made of glass with a large coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and a heater is formed by baking platinum as a resistive pattern on the surface of the photoconductor to which exhaust gas deposits tend to adhere; A smoke concentration sensor for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a spinel coating layer is provided on the heater.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP910585U JPH039005Y2 (en) | 1985-01-28 | 1985-01-28 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP910585U JPH039005Y2 (en) | 1985-01-28 | 1985-01-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61125750U JPS61125750U (en) | 1986-08-07 |
| JPH039005Y2 true JPH039005Y2 (en) | 1991-03-06 |
Family
ID=30489006
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP910585U Expired JPH039005Y2 (en) | 1985-01-28 | 1985-01-28 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH039005Y2 (en) |
-
1985
- 1985-01-28 JP JP910585U patent/JPH039005Y2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61125750U (en) | 1986-08-07 |
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